资源简介

写作专项指导
描述一个你喜欢的地方
1.文体类型:描述喜欢的地方;属于说明文范畴。
2.要点内容:常用于生动细致地描述一个地方的景物等,突出该地方的特色。
1.介绍地点开头常用句式。
It is located/ lies in ...,with an area of ...
It covers an area of ...,with a history of ...
...,located in ...and covering an area of...,is one of the most famous scenic spots.
The history of ...dates back to ...
It has become the most popular tourist attraction since ...
...is a city with a (large/small) population of...
Its coastline has a total length of...kilometres.
2.介绍地点正文常用句式。
There are many places of interest,such as...
You can enjoy...,which has a high reputation both at home and abroad.
With...,...is/are attracting more and more tourists.
An interesting feature of...is...
With its pleasant climate,rich natural resources and beautiful scenery,...is one of the major tourist cities.
A trip along...will enable you to get to know...
It is very convenient for you to go to...
...is within easy reach.
The climate differs greatly from one area to another.
3.介绍地点结尾常用句式。
...is well worth visiting.
...is a place you have to visit and the extraordinary view will make you unwilling to leave.
假设你是李华,请你用英语给某英文报社的“城市风采”栏目写一篇短文,介绍我们伟大祖国的首都——北京。要点如下:
1.基本概况:面积16 000多平方千米,位于华北平原北部;
2.气候:四季分明,夏季炎热多雨,冬季寒冷干燥;
3.文化:是我国的政治、文化中心,有很多著名的大学,如清华大学和北京大学;
4.交通与旅游:交通便利,有天安门广场、故宫博物院、长城等很多旅游景点。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Ⅰ.对接话题词汇
1.　　　　　　　　 adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的
2.　　　　　　　　 位于
3.　　　　　　　　 同 (一样也);和;还
4.　　　　　　　　 例如
5.　　　　　　　　 吸引……的注意
6.　　　　　　　　 在……中扮演重要角
色/起重要作用
答案:1.fascinating　2.(be) located in　3.as well as
4.such as　5.draw the attention of　6.play an important role in
Ⅱ.巧用核心句式、语法
1.北京,中国的首都,面积16 000多平方千米。
Beijing,the capital of China,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 more than 16,000 square kilometres.
2.北京位于华北平原北部,四季分明。
　　　　　　　　 the north of the North China Plain,Beijing has four distinct seasons.
3.北京是中国的政治文化中心。
Beijing is 　　　　　　　　　　 of China.
4.北京成功举办了2008年奥林匹克运动会和2022年冬季奥林匹克运动会,吸引了世界的目光。
Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics,
　　　　　　　　　　 the world.
5.北京有很多著名的大学,如清华大学、北京大学等。
Beijing has many famous universities,　　　　　　　　 Tsinghua University and Peking University.
6.北京也是一个极有吸引力的度假胜地,而且交通便利。
Beijing is also 　　　　　　　　　　　　 to enjoy your holiday and it’s convenient to travel there.
7.北京有很多旅游胜地,如天安门广场、故宫博物院、长城和鸟巢。
There are many 　　　　　　　　　　　,such as Tian’anmen Square,the Palace Museum,the Great Wall 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the Bird’s Nest.
8.现在,北京在世界上扮演着越来越重要的角色。
Now,Beijing is 　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the world.
答案:1.covers an area of　2.Located in　3.the political and cultural centre　4.which drew the attention of　5.such as　6.a fascinating place　7.places of interest;as well as　8.playing a more and more important role
1.将第3句和第4句合并为含有现在分词作状语的句子。
2.将第5句改为含有定语从句的复合句。
答案:1.Being the political and cultural centre of China,Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics,which drew the attention of the world.
2.There are many famous universities in Beijing,among which are Tsinghua University and Peking University.
Beijing,the capital of China,covers an area of more than 16,000 square kilometres.Located in the north of the North China Plain,Beijing has four distinct seasons.
Being the political and cultural centre of China,Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics,which drew the attention of the world.There are many famous universities in Beijing,among which are Tsinghua University and Peking University.
Beijing is also a fascinating place to enjoy your holiday and it’s convenient to travel there.There are many places of interest,such as Tian’anmen Square,the Palace Museum,the Great Wall as well as the Bird’s Nest.Now,Beijing is playing a more and more important role in the world.
假设你是李华,请你根据以下提示,用英语写一篇文章向报社投稿,介绍一下杭州。要点如下:
1.地理位置:位于中国的东南部;
2.风景名胜:西湖;
3.休闲活动:划船、漫步、在草坪上野餐;
4.变化:高楼大厦增多。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
One possible version:
I’m more than delighted to introduce to you a beautiful city—Hangzhou,which lies in the southeast of China.
It is most famous for the beautiful West Lake,which has a long history with a love story.During holidays or on weekends,people like going boating on the lake,walking in the woods or sitting on the lawn to have a picnic.Great changes have taken place in Hangzhou during the past few years,with plenty of tall buildings going up.The landscape is so striking that lots of tourists from home and abroad come to visit it every year.
All in all,Hangzhou is a place you have to visit and its extraordinary view will make you unwilling to leave.
Ⅰ.重点讲义回顾
1.surround vt.围绕;包围
n.环境;周围的事物 surroundings
adj.周围的;附近的 surrounding
①用……包围…… surround...with...
②被……包围/环绕 be surrounded with/by
③这只饥饿的熊一路嗅着来到我们的营地,营地周围有高高的铁丝网。
The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp,surrounded by a high wire fence.
2.charge n.收费;指控;主管
vt.收费;控告;充电
①主管;负责;掌管 in charge of
②由……负责/掌管 in the charge of=in one’s charge
③免费free of charge=for free
④控告某人犯某罪;指责某人(做)某事 charge sb with (doing) sth
⑤店主没有收我买面条的钱,我感到一阵温暖和感激之情涌上心头。
The shop owner charged me nothing for the noodles,and I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up within me.
3.approach n.方法;途径;接近
vt.接近;接洽;着手处理
vi.靠近
①接近/靠近某人/物 approach sb/sth
②(做)某事的方法/方式 an approach to (doing) sth
③随着中秋节的临近,大家都很开心。
With the Mid-Autumn Festival approaching,everyone was very happy.
4.eager adj.热切的;渴望的
n.热切;渴望 eagerness
①渴望得到某物 be eager for sth
②我非常渴望知道中国传统文化的哪些方面最能激起你的好奇心。
I am eager to know which aspects of traditional Chinese culture arouse your curiosity most.
5.greet vt.问候;迎接
n.问候;招呼;迎接;问候语(复数)greeting
①用……和某人打招呼 greet sb with sth
②受到……的对待 be greeted by/with ...
③看到我走过来,他微笑着跟我打招呼。
Seeing me come over,he greeted me with a smile.
Ⅱ.重点句型练习
1.春节期间,无论你到哪里,都可以感受到节日的气氛。
During the Spring Festival,everywhere you go,you can feel the atmosphere of the festival.
2.这个春天我要把我的客厅装修一下,因为它有点旧了。
I will have my living room decorated this spring because it is a little old.
3.他完成了所有的工作,出去踢足球了。
With all his work done,he went out to play football.
Ⅲ.重点语法回顾
1.过去分词作定语,相当于形容词,分词所表示的动作与所修饰的词构成动宾关系,这个过去分词可以变成定语从句。
2.单个的过去分词作定语通常放在其所修饰的词之前;而过去分词短语作定语通常放在其所修饰的词之后。
3.现在分词作定语,表示主动和进行;而过去分词作定语,则表示被动和完成。
4.表示感觉和心理状态的动词(短语),如feel、hear、listen to、see、watch、observe、look at、notice、find等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。
5.表示“致使”意义的动词,如 have、make、get、keep、leave等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。
6.with复合结构中可以使用过去分词作宾语补足语。　　Every country has its own history and traditions.We should learn about these history and traditions.They can help us learn about the past and look forward to the future.As Chinese,we are supposed to attach great importance to Chinese traditions.
Part 1　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.Confucius　　 孔子
2.roast adj.烤的;焙的
vi.&vt.烘烤;焙
3.mansion n.公馆;宅第
4.feature vt.以……为特色
n.特点;特征;特色
5.cemetery n.墓地;公墓
6.wedding n.婚礼;结婚庆典
7.philosophy n.哲学
8.souvenir n.纪念物;纪念品
9.descendant n.后裔;后代;子孙
10.ancestor n.祖宗;祖先
核心单词
1.kingdom　　 n.王国;领域
2.join v.成为……的一员,参加
3.chief adj.最重要的;最高级别的
n.(公司或机构的) 首领;酋长
4.manner n.态度,举止;礼貌;方式
5.nearby adj.附近的;邻近的
adv.在附近
6.merry adj.快乐的
7.port n.港口(城市)
8.custom n.风俗,习俗
9.charge n.收费;指控;主管
vt.收费;控告;充电
10.gallery n.(艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊
11.carnival n.狂欢节;嘉年华
12.landscape n.(陆上,尤指乡村的)风景
运用词汇
1.belong vi.应在 (某处);适应;属于,为……的一员→belongings n.所有物;财产
2.tradition n.传统,惯例→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统上
3.defence n.防御;保卫→defend vt.防守;保护;保卫;辩护;维护→defensive adj.防御的
4.decorate v.装饰,装点;装修→decorative adj.装饰性的→decoration n.装修;装饰,装饰品
5.surround vt.围绕;包围→surrounding adj.周围的;附近的→surroundings n.环境;周围的事物
6.location n.地方;地点;位置→locate vt.使……坐落于→located adj.位于;坐落于
7.describe v.描述,形容→description n.描述;形容
8.fascinating adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的→fascinate vt.(使) 着迷→fascination n.魅力;极大的吸引力
9.approach n.方法;途径;接近 vt.接近;接洽;着手处理 vi.靠近 →approachable adj.平易近人的
重点词块
1.lead to 导致;引起
2.as to 关于
3.in honour of 向……表示敬意
4.hold on 抓住;稍等;不挂断电话
5.break away (from sb/sth) 脱离;背叛;逃脱;挣脱
6.as well as 同 (一样也);和;还
7.leave behind 留下
8.put up 张贴
9.date back to 追溯到……
重点句型
1.如果你在春节期间有空,你可以拜访你的亲戚。(条件状语从句的省略)
If free during the Spring Festival,you can visit your relatives.
2.元宵节期间,无论你走到哪里,都能看到红灯笼。(Everywhere引导从句)
Everywhere you go during the Lantern Festival,you can see red lanterns.
3.中秋之夜,我们可能会让人把桌椅布置在院子里以便赏月。(have sth done)
On the Mid-Autumn Festival,we may have the tables and chairs set up in the yard to enjoy the moon.
[教师备用]
答案:1.puzzle　2.broke away from　3.belong to　4.history　5.traditions　6.dating
(　　)1.What’s mainly talked about in the text
A.The history of the United Kingdom.
B.The geography of the United Kingdom.
C.The people of the United Kingdom.
D.The politics of the United Kingdom.
(　　)2.In which area do the four countries work together
A.The education system. B.The legal system.
C.The national dishes. D.The same flag.
(　　)3.What’s the author’s attitude towards studying the history
A.Objective. B.Indifferent.
C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.
答案:1.A　2.D　3.C　
1.break away (from sb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱;挣脱
Mary is trying her best to break away from her bad habits,which makes her parents happy.
玛丽正在努力改掉坏习惯,这使她的父母很高兴。
归纳拓展 break out (战争、洪水、火灾等) 爆发 break into强行闯入;破门而入 break in打断;插话;闯入 break up打碎;分裂;解体;结束;(关系等) 破裂 break down垮掉;出故障
(1)句子语法填空
①No one knows for sure the reason why the band broke 　　　 　.
②You’ll break 　　 　　 if you always stay up late.
(2)完成句子
③It’s bad manners to 　　　　　　　　(打断) when people are talking.
④Do you know what you should do if a fire 　　　　　　　　(爆发)
答案:(1)①up　②down　(2)③break in ④breaks out
2.belong vi.应在 (某处);适应;属于,为……的一员
belongings n. 所有物;财产
Paper cutting has a history of over 1,500 years,which belongs to traditional art in China.
剪纸有1 500多年的历史,属于中国的传统艺术。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)A workout partner usually needs to live close by.If you plan on working out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.
健身伙伴通常需要住在附近。如果你计划去健身俱乐部锻炼,那个人必须是同一家健身俱乐部的。
归纳拓展 ·belong to属于 ·a sense of belonging归属感
belong to意为“属于”,没有被动形式,也不用于完成时和进行时。后面要接人称代词宾格或名词作宾语。作定语时用动词-ing形式(belonging to)。
(1)句子语法填空
①When you are travelling outside,you should watch over for your 　　　　 (belong).
②Today I’d like to introduce a book to you,which belongs 　　　　 history books.
③A tiger is a large fierce animal 　　　　 (belong) to the cat family.
(2)完成句子
④Here in the company,you can feel 　　　　　　　　　　(归属感).
答案:(1)①belongings　②to 　③belonging (2)④a sense of belonging
3.as well as同 (一样也);和;还
This training programme can give you a lift at work, as well as increase your income by 40%.
该培训项目能让你工作时心情愉快,同时也能让你的收入提高40%。
I wish I could speak English as well as he can.
我希望我的英语能讲得和他一样好。
His children as well as his wife were invited to the party.
他的孩子和他的妻子都被邀请去参加聚会。
归纳拓展 ·as well as 相当于in addition to,是一个连词结构,通常连接两个词性、结构对等的词或短语。当连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数和第一个主语保持一致。 ·as well表示“也”,相当于too,常放在句子末尾,作为副词短语使用。
句子语法填空
①The students,as well as their teacher,　　　　(be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony last week.
②The teacher,as well as his students,　　　　(be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony last week.
③As well as 　　　　(have) difficulty adapting herself to the new school life,she found the culture difference was another challenge for her.
答案:①were　②was　③having
4.defence n.防御;保卫(=defense)
defend vt.防守;保护;保卫;辩护;维护
defensive adj.防御的
We should honour soldiers who died in defence of our country.
我们应该纪念为保卫国家而牺牲的士兵。
I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand.
我得为她说句话,她事先并不知道此事。
归纳拓展 ·in defence of 为了保卫;为……辩护 in sb’s defence 为某人辩护 ·defend...from/against...保护……不受……;保卫……防御…… defend oneself 自行辩护
(1)句子语法填空
①The body has natural 　　　　(defend) mechanisms to protect itself from disease.
(2)完成句子
②Mr Green stood up 　　　　　　　　　　　　(为那个小男孩辩护),saying that he was not the one to blame.
③First of all,children need to know how 　　　　　　　　　　(自我保护) and how to establish relationships in a group.
答案:(1)①defence　(2)②in the boy’s defence/in defence of the boy　③to defend themselves
5.surround vt.围绕;包围
surrounding adj.周围的;附近的
surroundings n.环境;周围的事物
(2023·浙江1月卷)In the Ming Dynasty,the centre was the Forbidden City,surrounded in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
在明朝,紫禁城是中心,它被由内城和外城构成的同心圆包围。
David likes to surround himself with young people.
戴维喜欢和年轻人在一起。
归纳拓展 surround...with...用……包围…… be surrounded with/by...被……包围/环绕
(1)句子语法填空
①Surrounding yourself 　　　　 people who will provide you with support can be very beneficial.
②When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 　　　　(surround) the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.
③Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful 　　　　(surround).
(2)完成句子
④　　　　　　　　　　　　(四周绿树环绕),a small village is located at the foot of the hill near our school.
答案:(1)①with　②surrounding　③surroundings
(2)④Surrounded by green trees
Once upon a time,a king who was friendly to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by a large forest and having wonderful surroundings.
从前,在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一个国王,他对邻邦十分友好。
6.charge n.收费;指控;主管
vt.收费;控告;充电
I forgot to have my mobile phone charged last night.
我昨晚忘记给手机充电了。
The parking is highly charged,but there are no other parking lots nearby.
这个停车场收费很高,但是附近没有其他停车场了。
归纳拓展 ·in charge of 主管;负责;掌管 in the charge of=in one’s charge 由……负责/掌管 take charge of 负责;掌管;接管 free of charge (=for free)免费 ·charge (sb) for (doing) sth因 (做) 某事而(向某人) 收费 charge sb with (doing) sth控告某人犯某罪;指责某人(做)某事
(1)句子语法填空
①The charge 　　　　 a room in this hotel is $100 per night.
②We have enough evidence to charge you 　　　　 telling a lie.
③Your order will be delivered free 　　　　 charge within half an hour.
(2)一句多译
负责这个项目的贝尔先生正在出差。
④ 　(be in charge of)
⑤ 　(take charge of)
答案:(1)①for　②with　③of
(2)④Mr Bell who is in charge of the project is on business.
⑤Mr Bell taking charge of the project is on business.
The old manager who was in charge of the company used to charge the workers for charging their cell phones,and because of this,many workers charged him with that.When the company is in the charge of the new manager,charging phones is free of charge.
原来负责公司的经理经常向工人收取手机充电的费用,因此,许多工人为此控诉他。当公司由新经理负责时,手机充电是免费的。
7.approach n.方法;途径;接近
vt.接近;接洽;着手处理
vi.靠近
Upon approaching the house,I noticed my dad and mum standing beside the old truck,looking sad.
走近房子时,我注意到爸爸妈妈站在旧卡车旁,看起来很伤心。
With the winter holiday approaching,the students are more than a little excited,chatting with each other over what to do first happily.
随着寒假的临近,同学们都非常兴奋,兴高采烈地聊着要先做什么。
(2023·浙江1月卷)InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development,which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.
InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法,其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。
归纳拓展 ·approach sb/sth接近/ 靠近某人/物 ·an approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法/方式 at the approach of... 快到……的时候 the approach of...……的来临/临近 ·with+宾语+approaching随着……的临近
approach to中的to是介词,后面接名词、代词或者动词-ing形式。
(1)句子语法填空
①They discussed four different approaches 　　　　 the problem.
②They will explore different approaches to 　　　　(collect) information.
(2)一句多译
随着高考的临近,我们都在忙着为它做充分的准备。
③ 　(with+宾语+approaching)
④ 　(as)
答案:(1)①to　②collecting
(2)③With the college entrance examination approaching,we are busy making full preparations for it.　④As the college entrance examination approaches,we are busy making full preparations for it.
1.条件状语从句的省略
Correct the mistakes,if (there are) any (mistakes) in the article.
如果文中有错误的话,请改正。
Tom,please lend me a book on the history of China,if any.
汤姆,如果你有关于中国历史的书,请借给我一本。
归纳拓展 if ever如果曾经有的话 if necessary如果有必要的话 if possible如果可能的话 if any如果有的话 if so如果是这样的话 if not如果不是这样;不然;否则
完成句子
①Problems,　　　　　　　　(如果有的话),should be solved without delay.
②Have you understood what the author means 　　　　　　　　(如果没有),I hope you can read this chapter carefully.
③　　　　　　　　(如果可能的话),try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.
④I hear he has been in hospital for days.　　　　　　　　(如果是这样的话),we’d better go to see him.
答案:①if any　②If not　③If possible　④If so　
2.“have sth done”结构
I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow.
我明天要去理发。
I will have the car checked tomorrow to see whether there is something wrong with the engine.
明天我要让人检查一下这辆车,看看发动机是否有毛病。
have sb doing 常用于否定句,表示“不能容忍某人做某事”“不能听任某人做某事”。
The teacher will not have anyone getting away with cheating.
老师会对作弊者严惩不贷。
翻译句子
①我有许多事情要做,因此今晚不能与你一起去看电影。
②他踢足球时伤了腿。
③我不会容忍我的儿子整天闲坐着无所事事。
答案:①I have lots of things to do,so I can’t go to the cinema with you tonight.
②He had his leg broken while playing football.
③I can’t have my son sitting around doing nothing all day.
3.“must have done”结构
(2023·浙江1月卷)Then someone said,“She must have come to say goodbye.”
然后,有人说:“她肯定是来道别的。”
He knows a lot about Britain so I bet he must have been there more than once.
他对英国很了解,所以我敢打赌他一定去过英国不止一次。
must 表推测时,只用于肯定的陈述句,若是在疑问句中,则要用can,在否定句中,用can’t。
Someone is knocking at the door but it can’t be Mary,because she is on business in Britain.
有人在敲门,但不可能是玛丽,因为她在英国出差。
(1)完成句子
①地面很湿。昨天晚上一定是下雨了。
The ground was wet.It 　　　　　　　　　　 last night.
②因为没人帮助他,他肯定是独自完成这项研究的。
Since nobody gave him any help,he 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　.
(2)判断下列句中must是否表推测,如果是,是对什么时候的推测
③He must have visited the Great Wall during the summer vacation.　　　　　　　
④The boy must be studying in the classroom.　　　　　　　
⑤We must team up with each other in order to finish the task on time.　　　　　　　
答案:(1)①must have rained　②must have done the research on his own　(2)③是推测;对过去做过的事情的推测　④是推测;对现在正在进行的事情的推测　⑤不是推测
[教师备用]
①Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people ②who took over at different times throughout history.
英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方,这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。
分析:本句为主从复合句。主句为“you will be surrounded by...”;①为让步状语从句;②是who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词groups of people。
　①无论他到哪里旅行,他都会寄给我一张只能在当地的商店里买到的明信片。
　　　　　　　　　　　,he will send me a postcard 　　　　　　 can only be bought in local shops.
②在中国,无论你走到哪里,你都会得到当地人的帮助,他们都很热心。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,you can get the help of local people 　　　　　　　 are very warm-hearted.
答案:①Everywhere he travels;that/which
②Everywhere you go in China;who/that
国家历史进展描写
1.make history 开创历史
2.become more and more powerful变得越来越强大
3.economic/financial crisis经济/财务危机
4.be united together 团结在一起
5.reform and opening-up 改革开放
6.turn into an industrial power 变成了一个工业强国
7.make great contributions to 对……作出巨大的贡献
8.with the development of science and technology 随着科技的发展
1.Evidence shows that Nanjing was once the capital of six dynasties in history.
有证据显示,南京在历史上曾是6个朝代的首都。
2.As you enter the Forbidden City,you may be amazed at the grand halls and marvelous architecture rich in historical and cultural meaning,wondering how great the workers building it.
当你进入紫禁城时,你可能会惊叹于其宏伟的大殿和富有历史文化内涵的非凡建筑,惊叹于建造它的工人们有多么伟大。
1.中华民族有着悠久的历史,可以追溯到大约5 000年前。中华文化源远流长、底蕴丰厚,吸引了越来越多的外国人学习。
2.在中国的发展历史上涌现出了一大批先驱,他们为国家的富强和文明作出了巨大的贡献,使中国成为世界强国之一。
答案:1.The Chinese nation has a long history,dating back to about 5,000 years ago.China has a long culture and a rich cultural heritage,which attracts more and more foreigners to learn Chinese culture.
2.In the history of China’s development,there is a large number of pioneers who have made great contributions to the prosperity and civilisation of the country,which has made China one of the great powers in the world.
课文二次开发利用
[教师备用]
课文语法填空
The United Kingdom,Great Britain,Britain,England—many people are confused by
1.　　　　 these different names mean.In the 16th century,the nearby country of Wales
2.　　　　(join) to the Kingdom of England.Later,in the 18th century,the country Scotland was joined.In the 19th century,the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Finally,the southern part of Ireland 3.　　　　(break) away from the UK,which resulted in the full name we have today:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.However,most people just use the 4.　　　　(shorten) name:“the United Kingdom”or “the UK”.The four countries 5.　　　　 belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
There were four groups of invaders and the last group were the Normans.They had castles 6.　　　　(build) all around England,and made 7.　　　　(change) to the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more 8.　　　　(enjoy). The capital city London is 9.　　　　 ancient port city that has a history 10.　　　　(date) back to Roman times.
答案:1.what　2.was joined　3.broke　4.shortened
5.that/which　6.built　7.changes　8.enjoyable
9.an　10.datingPart 2　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.courtyard　　 n.庭院;院子
2.diverse adj.不同的;多样的
3.feast n.盛宴;宴会;节日
4.roar vi.& n.吼叫;咆哮
5.taboo n.禁忌
6.scent n.气味;气息
7.recreation n.娱乐活动,消遣
8.stew n.炖菜 (有肉和蔬菜)
vt.& vi.炖;煨
核心单词
1.snack n.点心;小吃
2.balloon n.气球
3.roll vi.& vt.(使) 翻滚;(使)滚动
n.卷 (轴);翻滚
4.streamer n.彩带
5.ocean n.大海;海洋
6.banner n.横幅
7.pub n.酒吧;酒馆
运用词汇
1.eager adj.热切的;渴望的→eagerly adv.热切地;渴望地→eagerness n.热切;渴望
2.select vt.挑选;选拔→selection n.挑选;选拔
3.poet n.诗人→poem n.诗;韵文→poetry n.诗 (总称)
4.joy n.高兴;喜悦→joyful adj.高兴的;快乐的→joyfully adv.开心地
5.greet vt.问候;迎接→greeting n.问候;招呼;迎接;问候语(复数)
6.striking adj.引人注目的;显著的→strike vt.给……印象;把……迷住
7.combine v.(使)结合,(使)组合→combination n.结合;联合
8.crowd n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的;挤满的;充满的
重点词块
1.have a great influence on 对……有很大影响
2.play a trick on 开……的玩笑
3.be dotted with 被……点缀着
4.not to mention 更不用说,且不说
5.make up 组成;构成;弥补;编造;化妆;和解;和好;补上
6.put on 穿上;上演;增加
7.introduce oneself to 向……介绍自己
重点句型
1.海浪拍打着沙滩,发出悦耳的声音。(现在分词短语作伴随状语)
The waves crashed onto the beach,making a pleasant sound.
2.阳光灿烂地照耀着山谷,整个景观都焕发出温暖的光辉。(with的复合结构)
With the sun shining brightly over the valley,the whole scenery glows warmly.
3.令人惊叹的是,长城蜿蜒穿过群山。(it+be+adj.+that从句)
It is amazing that the Great Wall winds its way across the mountains.
[教师备用]
答案:1.writers　2.Peaceful　3.waves　4.mountains　5.traditions
(　　)1.Which of the following can describe the peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle”
A.It is pleasing to the eyes. B.It is exciting to the ears.
C.It is pleasing to the mouths. D.It is exciting to the noses.
(　　)2.What is the text mainly about
A.Ireland’s beautiful countryside.
B.Irish traditions and culture.
C.Great Irish writers and poets.
D.Ireland’s folk music and dancing.
答案:1.A　2.B　
1.eager adj.热切的;渴望的
eagerly adv.热切地;渴望地
eagerness n.热切;渴望
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt,most are eager to try something new.
尽管有些人最初害怕昆虫,对泥土感到厌倦,但大部分人都渴望尝试一些新的东西。
The teacher is very glad that everyone in her class is eager for study.
老师很高兴她班上的每个人都渴望学习。
归纳拓展 ·be eager to do sth渴望做某事 be eager for sth渴望得到某物 be eager that... 热切希望…… ·with eagerness 热切地;急切地
句子语法填空
①Bob was eager 　　　　 a chance to learn traditional Chinese painting,so he was eager 　　　　(join) the exchange programme.
②Now that they have made great achievements,they are looking forward to the celebration
　　　　(eager).
③When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday,the boy couldn’t hide his
　　　　(eager).
答案:①for;to join　②eagerly　③eagerness
2.make up组成;构成;弥补;编造;化妆;和解;和好;补上
Six teachers and thirty-nine students make up this class;that is to say,this class is made up of six teachers and thirty-nine students.
6个老师和39名学生组成了这个班级;也就是说,这个班级由6个老师和39名学生组成。
Jack has an outgoing personality and is good at making up jokes.
杰克性格外向,并且擅长编笑话。
They quarrelled last night,but they made up again this morning.
他们昨天晚上吵架了,但是今天早晨又和好了。
归纳拓展 make up for弥补 make up one’s mind下决心 be made up of由……构成 make out辨认;理解 make it 做到;成功
写出下列句中 make up 的汉语释义
①Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence.　　　　　　　
②You’ll be amazed at the difference after they make Amy up as a princess.　　　　　　　
③Everyone in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and making up jokes.
　 　
④Eleven players make up this excellent football team.　　　　　　　
⑤Have you made up with Mary yet 　　　　　　　
答案:①弥补　②化妆　③编造　④组成;构成　⑤和好;和解
3.greet vt.问候;迎接
greeting n.问候;招呼;迎接;问候语(复数)
Whenever I met her,she greeted me with a smile.
每次我见到她,她都微笑着向我打招呼。
His proposals were greeted with cheers.
他的建议得到了热烈的响应。
归纳拓展 ·greet sb with sth 用……和某人打招呼 be greeted with/by... 受到……的对待 be greeted as...被当作……欢迎 ·wave greeting 挥手致意 exchange greetings相互致意;相互问候 greeting card贺卡
句子语法填空
①　　　　 (greet) cards are easily made at home by using pen and paper or software.
②He was greeted 　　　　 a hero.
③Her speech 　　　　 (greet) with a storm of applause.
④He stood at the gate,greeting us 　　　　 a big smile.
答案:①Greeting　②as　③was greeted　④with
4.more than非常;不仅仅是;多于
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)As reported by a local newspaper,Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.
据当地一家报纸报道,当贝莉跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候,她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。
I am more than happy to hear from you.
收到你的来信我非常高兴。
归纳拓展 ·more than+数词　多于,超过(相当于over) more than+one　不止一个 more than+名词　不仅仅是 more than+形容词　很,非常 more than+sb can/could ……超出某人所能;某人难以…… ·more A than B　与其说是B倒不如说是A(肯定A,否定B)
(1)翻译句子
①他们在电话里谈了一个多小时。
②他们非常愿意帮助你。
(2)写出下列句中more than的汉语释义
③For many people,fishing is more than a sport;it is an art.　　　　　　　
④Sorry,I can’t help you.The job is more than I can do.　　　　　　　
答案:(1)①They talked on the phone for more than one hour.　②They are more than willing to help you.　(2)③不仅仅是　④超出某人所能
5.crowd n.人群;一群人;民众
vt.挤满;使……拥挤
crowded adj.拥挤的;挤满的;充满的
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)In more technical terms,the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.
从更专业的角度来说,群体智慧要求人们独立作出估计。
After seeing the report,problems about the company crowded into my head.
我看了这份报告后,很多有关公司的问题涌上我的心头。
The crowd crowded into the stadium which was crowded with audience.
人群涌入挤满了观众的体育馆。
归纳拓展 ·crowd in/into (sth) 大批地涌入(某物) crowd into one’s mind 涌入某人的脑海 ·follow the crowd 随大流 a crowd of/crowds of... 一群/成群…… ·be crowded with 挤满……;充满着……
完成句子
①国庆节期间,黄山上挤满了来自国内外的游客。
Mount Huangshan 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 from home and abroad during the National Day.
②当我看到这些照片时,童年的记忆涌入脑海。
The memories of my childhood 　　　　　　　　　　　　 when I saw the photos.
③他注意到河里有一群鱼。
He noticed 　　　　　　　　　　　 in the river.
答案:①was crowded with tourists　②crowded into my mind　③a crowd of fish
　It+be+adj.+that从句
It is necessary that we should recite as many poems as possible.
我们有必要尽量多背一些诗歌。
It is curious that no one has put together a history of both the steam and electric revolutions.
令人好奇的是,没有人把蒸汽革命和电力革命的历史结合在一起。
翻译句子
①很明显,学生应该为了他们的未来做好准备。
②保护好我们的视力非常重要。
③他碰巧去听音乐会了。
答案:①It is obvious to students that they should get well prepared for their future.
②It is very important to protect our eyesight.
③It happened that he went to listen to a concert.
自然风光描写
1.a cloudless sky 无云的天空
2.pale moonlight 淡淡的月光
3.running stream 流淌的小溪
4.in the setting sun 在落日的余晖下
5.snow-capped mountains 积雪覆盖的山顶
6.beautiful and moving pastoral scenery 美丽动人的田园风光
7.the night birds sing softly 夜鸟轻声歌唱
1.The dappled sunlight fell across her face as she lay beneath the tree.
她躺在树下,斑驳的阳光洒在她的脸上。
2.Like a dim lamp,the moon shone from above and the stars twinkled their eyes with curiosity.
月亮像一盏朦胧的灯从天上照着,星星好奇地眨着眼睛。
3.The sky was pale with light blue.Soon a streak of pink dawn broke over the horizon,expanding gradually and becoming brighter and brighter.
天空是淡蓝色的。不久,一道粉红色的曙光打破地平线,逐渐扩大,越来越亮。
4.A creek twines the vast green field just like the blue satin ribbon.In the distance lies a hut with simple shape and harmonious colour,a school of beautiful moving rural scenery!
一条小河宛如蓝色的缎带环绕着一望无际的绿色田野。远处坐落着一座造型古朴、色彩和谐的小屋,真是一派美丽动人的田园风光!
1.这里虽然看不到连绵起伏的青山,但可以看到一望无际的草原,牛羊点缀其中,这也是一场真正的视觉盛宴。
2.当漫步在树林中,你可以听到鸟儿用它们优美的歌声迎接新的一天,呼吸鲜花的芳香,感受斑驳的阳光洒在你的脸上。
答案:1.Although you can’t see the rolling green hills here,you can see the vast grassland dotted with cattle and sheep,which is also a true feast for the eyes.
2.While walking in the woodland,you can hear birds greet the new day with their beautiful songs,breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers and feel dappled sunlight falling across your face.语法专项指导
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
一、过去分词作定语
1.过去分词作定语时,相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。此时的过去分词(短语)可以变成定语从句。
The bridge built ten years ago needs repairing.(名词the bridge和build构成被动关系)
=The bridge which was built ten years ago needs repairing.(变为定语从句)
这座10年前建的桥需要修了。
(1)把过去分词短语变为定语从句:先选定一个连接词,先行词是人用who/that,先行词是事物用that/which;再判断从句的时态;最后用该时态的被动形式。
Now,more and more foreigners buy the mobile phones made in China.(将画线部分变为定语从句)
分析:因为先行词是the mobile phones,是物,连接词用that/which;再判断从句的时态,是一般现在时;最后用一般现在时的被动形式are done。
Now,more and more foreigners buy the mobile phones that/which are made in China.
现在,越来越多的外国人购买中国制造的手机。
(2)一般来说,及物动词的过去分词作定语,表示一个被动的、已完成的动作;不及物动词的过去分词作定语不含有被动意义,只表示该动作已完成。
The ground is covered with the fallen leaves in autumn.
秋天,地上覆盖着落叶。(fallen只表示完成)
句子语法填空
①This is one of the schools 　　　　(build) in the 1980s.
②The 　　　　 (rise) sun offers light and heat necessary for life on Earth.
答案:①built　②risen
2.单个的过去分词作定语时,常常置于其所修饰的名词前;而过去分词短语作定语时,常常置于其所修饰的名词后。
Many used cars are on sale now,and you can go to find a good one. (used是单个过去分词作定语,修饰cars,放在前面)
现在很多二手车正在甩卖,你可以去找一辆好的。
I like the book bought on the Internet very much.(bought on the Internet是过去分词短语作定语,放在名词book的后面)
我非常喜欢从网上买的那本书。
有些过去分词表示特定含义时,单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后,如left (剩余的)、given (所给的)、concerned (有关的)等。
With only five minutes left,we had no choice but to hurry up.
只剩下5分钟了,我们别无选择,只能抓紧时间。
句子语法填空
①There is little time 　　　　(leave).Let’s take action quickly.
②Last Monday our class went on an 　　　　(organise) trip.
③The trees 　　　　 (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.
答案:①left　②organised　③blown
3.过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别。
分词种类 语态方面 时态方面
doing(现在分词) 动作是主动的 动作正在进行
done(过去分词) 动作是被动的 动作已经完成
The young man sitting between John and Mary is their Chinese teacher.(sitting表示主动和进行)
那个坐在约翰和玛丽之间的年轻小伙子是他们的中文老师。
Nine out of ten women interviewed (=who were interviewed) about the product said they liked it.(interviewed表示被动和完成)
被采访的10个女士中有9个说喜欢这个产品。
句子语法填空
①The car 　　　　(belong) to my uncle is really cool.
②The bridge 　　　　(build) in 2013 was designed by a local company.
③The meeting 　　　　(hold) yesterday was very important.
答案:①belonging　②built　③held
4.过去分词、现在分词的被动语态与动词不定式的被动语态作定语的区别。
词语 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 将要发生
The building built last year is our teaching building.
去年建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our teaching building.
现在正在建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our teaching building.
下个月将要建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
句子语法填空
①The problem 　　　　(discuss) at present is difficult to solve.
②They will attend the lecture 　　　　(give) tomorrow afternoon.
③The flowers 　　　　 (plant) last year are very beautiful.
答案:①being discussed　②to be given
③planted
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语时,表示被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。
1.表示感觉和心理状态的动词(短语),如feel、hear、listen to、see、watch、observe、look at、notice、find等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。
I often hear him praised by our teachers.
我经常听到他被老师们表扬。
If you watch long enough,you will see many problems settled in this way.
如果你观察的时间足够长,你会看到很多问题都是这样解决的。
句子语法填空
①We can hear the windows 　　　　(beat) by the heavy raindrops.
②When he woke up,he found himself 　　　　 (surround) by a group of children.
答案:①beaten　②surrounded
2.表示“致使”意义的动词,如have、make、get、keep、leave等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。
Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period.
珍妮希望史密斯先生能提出一个在短时间内提高她的英语写作水平的好方法。
I raised my voice to make myself heard.(hear和宾语myself构成被动关系)
我提高嗓音让自己的声音被听到。
句子语法填空
①They managed to make themselves 　　　　(understand) by using very simple English.
②I can’t leave such an important matter 　　　　(unfinish).
③You must get the report　　　　(prepare) before 7 o’clock tomorrow morning.
答案:①understood　②unfinished　③prepared
3.with复合结构中可以使用过去分词作宾语补足语。此时过去分词与句子的主语没有逻辑关系,此结构在句中通常作时间、方式、条件、原因和伴随状语。
With all the work done,I feel very relaxed now. (do和宾语work构成被动)
所有的工作都做完了,我现在感到很放松。
句子语法填空
①With all the walls　　　　(paint) with bright colours,the room looks rather lively.
②He is in deep thought,with his head　　　　(bury) in his hands.
③With his hand　　　　(raise) high,he seemed to ask me for help.
④With knowledge and skills 　　　　(gain) in this university,I will play a more active role in contributing to my country.
答案:①painted　②buried　③raised　④gained
1.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Before the wide use of the printing press,books were 　　　　(treasure) objects...
2.(2023·浙江1月卷)Note:The times 　　　　(list) on the schedules are departure times,not arrival times.
3.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)With over 2,500 bikes 　　　　(store) in our five rental shops at strategic locations,we make sure there is always a bike available for you.
4.(2023·浙江1月卷)Then,with one end of a rope 　　　　(tie) to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,Ziyad began climbing.
5.(2023·浙江1月卷)A good one can sometimes find you 　　　　(discount) tickets.
答案及剖析:
1.treasured　考查过去分词作定语。book与treasure构成被动关系,故要用过去分词作定语。故填treasured。
2.listed　考查过去分词作定语。the times与list构成被动关系,故要用过去分词作定语。故填listed。
3.stored　考查过去分词作宾语补足语。分析结构可知,此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语与宾语补足语构成被动关系,故要用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填stored。
4.tied　考查过去分词作宾语补足语。分析结构可知,此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语与宾语补足语构成被动关系,故要用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填tied。
5.discounted　考查过去分词作定语。tickets与discount构成被动关系,故要用过去分词作定语。故填discounted。
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.The boss was glad to see many new products 　　　　(develop) after great efforts.
2.Listening to music at home is one thing,and going to hear it 　　　　(perform) live is quite another.
3.The shop owner asked us to have Wi-Fi 　　　　(connect) to his shop.
4.This film,　　　　(intend) for kids under 13,is shown at the local cinema.
5.He walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself 　　　　 (notice).
6.With all his energy 　　　　 (concentrate) on his painting,he didn’t notice it was raining heavily outside.
答案:1.developed　2.performed　3.connected
4.intended　5.noticed　6.concentrated
Ⅱ.语篇填空
A boy 1.　　　　(call) John went to the cinema one night.It was a horror film,but he found himself2.　　　　 (interest) in it.Sometimes he felt excited,while sometimes he felt 3.　　　　 (frighten).After the film,the 4.　　　　 (tire) boy was heading for home.In the parking lot,the 5.　　　　 (exhaust) boy sensed something unusual.His bike 6.　　　　 (tie) to the tree was missing.It seemed that he had his bike 7.　　　　 (steal).He searched the whole parking lot for it but in vain.At last,he turned to the police for help.It turned out that someone took it and left it 8.　　　　 (abandon) by the river.Seeing the bike 9.　　　　 (return) by the police,he was more than a little excited with a 10.　　　　 (delight) smile on his face.
答案:1.called　2.interested　3.frightened　4.tired
5.exhausted　6.tied　7.stolen　8.abandoned
9.returned　10.delighted

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