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素养测练(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.His 　　　　 (热衷的) interest in space exploration led him to become an astronaut.
2.There is always an 　　　　 (争论) about the existence of aliens in the universe.
3.The research on the universe is so 　　　　 (浅的) that we can only see a small part of it.
4.Satellites are 　　　　 (定期地) sent into space to study the universe.
5.Our knowledge of the universe is 　　　　 (有限的).
6.The 　　　　 (神秘事物) of the universe continue to puzzle scientists.
7. 　　　　 (模式) in the universe can help us understand its formation.
8.Robots can be 　　　　 (绑) to spacecraft for repair work.
答案:1.keen　2.argument　3.shallow　4.regularly　5.limited　6.mysteries　7.Patterns　8.attached
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.The hotel has its own pool and leisure 　　　　(facility).
2.My younger brother is keen 　　　　 detective stories.
3.Burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases the 　　　　 (globe) warming.
4.Settle the question by 　　　　(argue),not by fight.
5.His carelessness resulted 　　　　 his failure in the exam.
6.We are reminded to pay attention to the following sentence 　　　　(pattern).
7.This information is only raw data and will need further 　　　　(analyse).
8.He is being constantly 　　　　 (monitor) with regular checks on his blood pressure.
9.Because of my 　　　　 dieting,I am physically unhealthy.So I must have 　　　　 diets and work out 　　　　.(regular)
10.A person’s life is 　　　　 but serving the people is 　　　　.(limit)
答案:1.facilities　2.on　3.global　4.argument　5.in　6.patterns　7.analysis　8.monitored
9.irregular;regular;regularly　10.limited;limitless
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.令我们兴奋的是,这次太空任务带来了许多新发现。
To our excitement,the space mission 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.最后,我想对所有的宇航员表示感谢。
　　　　　 　　　,I would like to express my gratitude to all the astronauts.
3.燃料耗尽,飞船被迫紧急着陆。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,forcing the spaceship to make an emergency landing.
4.火箭到达的高度是先前记录的两倍。
The rocket reached a height 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that of the previous record.
5.我们对宇宙的认识仅限于我们所能观察到的。
Our knowledge of the universe 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 what we could observe.
6.政府非常重视这次的太空计划。
The government 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the space programme.
答案:1.resulted in many new discoveries　2.In closing　3.The fuel ran out　4.twice as high as　5.was limited to　6.attached great importance to
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.To tell the truth,everyone thought she was the most suitable woman 　　　　(take) the job.
2.When you make a decision 　　　　 (buy) something,you must remember that a good name of a product doesn’t necessarily mean good quality of it.
3.Mary hurried to the booking office,only 　　　　 (tell) that the tickets had been sold out.
4.Volunteering gives you a chance 　　　　 (change) lives,including your own.
5.This is the only way we can come up with 　　　　 (reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
答案:1.to take　2.to buy　3.to be told　4.to change　5.to reduce
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
China’s Yutu 2 Rover (探月车),which was crossing a crater (环形山) on the far side of the moon,discovered a mysterious,cube-like structure as it scanned the skyline.The unknown structure seemed to be located around 260 feet away from where the Rover crossed.
Our Space,a media organisation associated with the Chinese National Space Administration which controls Yutu 2,first noted the object in a post;the story gave a nickname to the object “mystery hut”.Yutu 2 has since adjusted course to check out the cube,and will spend the next 2 to 3 lunar days investigating this mysterious moon feature.
The Yutu 2 Rover launched with China’s Chang’e 4 mission in 2018,reached the moon in January 2019.The mission aimed to discover more about the far side of the moon,or as pop culture calls it,the “dark side” of the moon.Contrary to this nickname,the far side of the moon is not actually always dark,it just faces away from Earth.The rover,solar powered,goes into a kind of hibernation (休眠) when the sun sets on the far side of the moon,and wakes up to work when the sun rises over the crater.
Yutu 2 has seen plenty of interesting moon features in its travels already,including a strange gel (胶状物) that turned out to be some rocks melted together,and some pieces that were likely to be from the impact of a meteor(流星).The Chang’e 4 mission has also brought forth some fascinating new discoveries like what could be pieces of the moon’s mantle (覆
盖层).
Whatever this structure turns out to be,Yutu 2 will continue uncovering other secrets the “dark side” of the moon is holding.
(　　)1.What does “mystery hut” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.Yutu 2 Rover.
B.A cube-like structure.
C.A newly discovered crater.
D.Chinese National Space Administration.
(　　)2.Why was Yutu 2 sent onto the moon
A.To research into the dark side of the moon.
B.To explore the use of solar energy on the moon.
C.To take pictures of the sun from the far side of the moon.
D.To measure the distance between Earth and the moon.
(　　)3.What can we learn from the discoveries made by Yutu 2
A.Sunshine cannot reach the far side of the moon.
B.The temperature on the moon is always changing.
C.Many rocky mountains rise on the surface of the moon.
D.The moon may have been crashed into by another object.
(　　)4.In which section of a website may this text appear
A.Health. B.Technology.
C.Politics. D.Economy.
语篇导读:本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国的“玉兔二号”探月车在月球背面进行的移动探测及其发现。
答案及剖析:
1.B　短语猜测题。根据画线短语前的the object以及画线短语后的“Yutu 2 has since adjusted course to check out the cube”可知,画线短语指的是第一段中的a mysterious,cube-like structure。故选B。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知,发送“玉兔二号”探月车的目的是研究月球的背面。故选A。
3.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句可知,“玉兔二号”的发现表明月球可能被另一物体撞击过。故选D。
4.B　推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍的是中国的“玉兔二号”探月车在月球背面进行的移动探测及其发现,这属于科技范畴,因此本文最有可能出现在科技板块。故选B。
B
The Shrinking Storm on Jupiter(木星)
It’s snowing,but the clouds are red.The wind howls at 400 miles an hour,faster than a hurricane.And it’s colder than the North Pole.Named the Great Red Spot,this storm is on Jupiter,the largest planet that goes around the sun.The storm is shrinking.No one knows why—or what it will do next.
Astronomers discovered the Great Red Spot by looking at Jupiter through telescopes.The spot,once estimated to be 2.6×104 km across,was just 1.2×104 km wide when the Hubble Space Telescope last observed it.“It’s at the smallest size that we’ve ever seen,” says Dr Amy Simon,an astronomer who studies the storm.It’s also changing shape,looking more like a circle than its usual oval.
Jupiter differs greatly from Earth.It’s made mostly of hydrogen and helium(氦).However,
Jupiter’s great gravity squeezes the hydrogen and helium,turning most of these elements into liquid.Only the outer part of Jupiter is gas.And that’s where the Great Red Spot is.No one knows why the Great Red Spot is red.
Like Jupiter’s air,the spot is made mostly of hydrogen and helium gases.But they have no colour.So something else must colour the spot red.
Mysteries abound about the spot,such as what powers it and why it is so red.Now another one arises.The Great Red Spot has lasted longer than any storm on Earth.On Earth,hurricanes weaken when they move from sea to land,and when they move north or south.Neither of these things happens on Jupiter.Yet the storm is shrinking.“Could it disappear ”asks Dr Simon.
“Would I bet money on it one way or the other Probably not.”
(　　)5.What do we learn about the Great Red Spot
A.It is getting smaller and rounder.
B.It is getting colder and faster.
C.It is getting higher and redder.
D.It is getting redder and lighter.
(　　)6.What can we learn about Jupiter from this article
A.It is bigger than the sun.
B.It has slight gravity.
C.It contains liquid and gas.
D.It usually looks red.
(　　)7.What does the underlined word “abound” in the last paragraph mean
A.Get solved finally.
B.Go missing abruptly.
C.Exist numerously.
D.Decrease gradually.
(　　)8.What is Dr Simon’s attitude towards the disappearance of the Great Red Spot
A.Hopeful. B.Confident.
C.Worried. D.Doubtful.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了天文学家通过望远镜发现了木星的大红斑,还发现大红斑正变得越来越小,越来越圆。
答案及剖析:
5.A　细节理解题。根据文章标题、第一段的“The storm is shrinking.”以及第二段的“The spot,once estimated...‘It’s at the smallest size that we’ve ever seen,’says Dr Amy Simon”可知,大红斑(the Great Red Spot)正变得越来越小;根据第二段的最后一句可知,大红斑变得越来越圆。故选A。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第三段的“It’s made mostly of... into liquid.”可知,木星主要由氢和氦组成,然而木星的巨大引力挤压了氢和氦,将它们中的大多数变成了液体;再根据第三段的第三句可知,木星外层部分是气体。由此可知,木星上有液体和气体。故选C。
7.C　词义猜测题。画线词所在段中的“what powers it and why it is so red”和another one指的都是谜团(Mysteries),结合语境推测,此处想表达这些谜团有很多,现在又出现了另一个。结合选项可知C项与画线词表达的意思一致,意为“大量存在;有许多”。故选C。
8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,Simon博士对大红斑是否会消失这件事不敢打赌(bet),也就是并不确定。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.Yet more than half of them have 　1　 to reach the planet about 55 million kilometres away from Earth.
So after China’s Mars probe,Tianwen 1,was 　2　 on 23 July 2020,there was an 　3　 wait for its progress.
The craft landed 　4　 on the surface of the planet on 15 May 2021.The news met with both 　5　 and celebration in the country.The landing was 　6　 exactly as planned,which has made China the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering 　7　,and shows that China has 　8　 the technologies independently.
It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in China’s scientific and technological development in recent decades 　9　 some failures in exploring outer space.
China made its early 　10　 in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s when the country 　11　 largely a backward agricultural country.　12　,the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades,making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause.
In April 2021,China sent Tianhe into space,　13　 a series of launches that finally completed the building of the space station in 2022.
All these achievements have 　14　 greatly to the peaceful use of outer space.During its Mars mission,China has worked with European 　15　 and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.
(　　)1.A.begun B.failed
C.attempted D.succeeded
(　　)2.A.transported B.discovered
C.launched D.settled
(　　)3.A.anxious B.aware
C.awkward D.amazing
(　　)4.A.suddenly B.safely
C.calmly D.obviously
(　　)5.A.protest B.regret
C.pity D.relief
(　　)6.A.carried away B.carried off
C.carried out D.carried on
(　　)7.A.explorers B.applicants
C.officials D.editors
(　　)8.A.borrowed B.selected
C.developed D.removed
(　　)9.A.without B.beyond
C.except D.despite
(　　)10.A.promises B.impacts
C.inventions D.breakthroughs
(　　)11.A.became B.remained
C.ended D.started
(　　)12.A.Thus
B.Therefore
C.Furthermore
D.However
(　　)13.A.starting off B.cutting off
C.getting off D.putting off
(　　)14.A.appealed B.contributed
C.responded D.belonged
(　　)15.A.neighbours B.friends
C.partners D.classmates
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了“天问一号”成功着陆火星是中国太空技术发展的巨大飞跃。
答案及剖析:
1.B　根据“Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.”和Yet可知,超过一半的火星任务未能到达距离地球约5 500万公里的行星。failed to do sth意为“未能做成某事”,符合语境。故选B。
2.C　根据下文“The craft landed 　4　 on the surface of the planet on 15 May 2021.”和常识可知,此处指“天问一号”的发射(launched)。故选C。
3.A　根据上文可知,火星任务失败率很高,因此在“天问一号”发射之后,所有人都在焦急(anxious)等待它的进展情况。故选A。
4.B　根据“The news met with both 　5　 and celebration in the country.”可知,飞行器安全(safely)着陆在火星表面,举国欢庆。故选B。
5.D　根据“The craft landed 　4　 on the surface of the planet”可知,飞行器安全着陆火星的消息令人宽慰(relief)。故选D。
6.C　根据as planned可知,飞行器的着陆是按计划实施(carried out)的。故选C。
7.A　根据下一段的“in exploring outer space”可知,飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是一次太空探索,中国已然跻身世界先锋探索者(explorers)行列。故选A。
8.C　根据“the technologies independently”可知,此次火星着陆证明中国已经自主研发(developed)出了此类技术。故选C。
9.D　根据“some failures in exploring outer space”可知,空后与主句之间有让步关系,尽管(despite)太空探索曾遇到失败,但是敢作能为的精神还是在科技发展过程中发挥了重大作用。故选D。
10.D　根据“in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s”可知,中国在火箭和太空技术方面取得了早期的突破(breakthroughs)。故选D。
11.B　根据“from the 1960s when和largely a backward agricultural country” 并结合常识可知,当时中国在很大程度上仍是(remained)一个落后的农业国家。故选B。
12.D　根据“the country has made the most of what it had...move ahead in the aerospace cause”与上文的“largely a backward agricultural country”可知,前后为转折关系。故选D。
13.A　根据“China sent Tianhe into space”和下文a series of launches可知,随着天和核心舱进入太空,中国开始了(starting off)一系列建设太空站的发射任务。故选A。
14.B　根据“greatly to the peaceful use of outer space”可知,中国的所有这些成就极大地促进了(contributed)外太空的和平使用。故选B。
15.C　根据“and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future”可知,在火星任务实施期间,中国已经和其他国家一起合作来探索太空。故选C。
Ⅲ.写作训练
你校英文报正在组织题为“My Understanding of Space Exploration”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。内容包括:
1.太空探索的重要性;
2.你的理由;
3.举例说明。
　　注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
My Understanding of Space Exploration
[写作指导]
One possible version:
My Understanding of Space Exploration
In my opinion,space exploration is crucial for the progress and development of mankind.The reasons are as follows.
First of all,people can attain new knowledge of outer space through their exploration.
Secondly,human beings could get access to new resources,thus solving energy shortage problems on Earth.Thirdly,this exploration could possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future.
We often benefit from space exploration.For example,space exploration has given us communications satellites,which enable us to stay connected globally.Overall,space exploration is essential for our future and should continue to be a priority.素养测练(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.His 　　　　 (热衷的) interest in space exploration led him to become an astronaut.
2.There is always an 　　　　 (争论) about the existence of aliens in the universe.
3.The research on the universe is so 　　　　 (浅的) that we can only see a small part of it.
4.Satellites are 　　　　 (定期地) sent into space to study the universe.
5.Our knowledge of the universe is 　　　　 (有限的).
6.The 　　　　 (神秘事物) of the universe continue to puzzle scientists.
7. 　　　　 (模式) in the universe can help us understand its formation.
8.Robots can be 　　　　 (绑) to spacecraft for repair work.
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.The hotel has its own pool and leisure 　　　　(facility).
2.My younger brother is keen 　　　　 detective stories.
3.Burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases the 　　　　 (globe) warming.
4.Settle the question by 　　　　(argue),not by fight.
5.His carelessness resulted 　　　　 his failure in the exam.
6.We are reminded to pay attention to the following sentence 　　　　(pattern).
7.This information is only raw data and will need further 　　　　(analyse).
8.He is being constantly 　　　　 (monitor) with regular checks on his blood pressure.
9.Because of my 　　　　 dieting,I am physically unhealthy.So I must have 　　　　 diets and work out 　　　　.(regular)
10.A person’s life is 　　　　 but serving the people is 　　　　.(limit)
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.令我们兴奋的是,这次太空任务带来了许多新发现。
To our excitement,the space mission 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.最后,我想对所有的宇航员表示感谢。
　　　　　 　　　,I would like to express my gratitude to all the astronauts.
3.燃料耗尽,飞船被迫紧急着陆。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,forcing the spaceship to make an emergency landing.
4.火箭到达的高度是先前记录的两倍。
The rocket reached a height 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that of the previous record.
5.我们对宇宙的认识仅限于我们所能观察到的。
Our knowledge of the universe 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 what we could observe.
6.政府非常重视这次的太空计划。
The government 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the space programme.
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.To tell the truth,everyone thought she was the most suitable woman 　　　　(take) the job.
2.When you make a decision 　　　　 (buy) something,you must remember that a good name of a product doesn’t necessarily mean good quality of it.
3.Mary hurried to the booking office,only 　　　　 (tell) that the tickets had been sold out.
4.Volunteering gives you a chance 　　　　 (change) lives,including your own.
5.This is the only way we can come up with 　　　　 (reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
China’s Yutu 2 Rover (探月车),which was crossing a crater (环形山) on the far side of the moon,discovered a mysterious,cube-like structure as it scanned the skyline.The unknown structure seemed to be located around 260 feet away from where the Rover crossed.
Our Space,a media organisation associated with the Chinese National Space Administration which controls Yutu 2,first noted the object in a post;the story gave a nickname to the object “mystery hut”.Yutu 2 has since adjusted course to check out the cube,and will spend the next 2 to 3 lunar days investigating this mysterious moon feature.
The Yutu 2 Rover launched with China’s Chang’e 4 mission in 2018,reached the moon in January 2019.The mission aimed to discover more about the far side of the moon,or as pop culture calls it,the “dark side” of the moon.Contrary to this nickname,the far side of the moon is not actually always dark,it just faces away from Earth.The rover,solar powered,goes into a kind of hibernation (休眠) when the sun sets on the far side of the moon,and wakes up to work when the sun rises over the crater.
Yutu 2 has seen plenty of interesting moon features in its travels already,including a strange gel (胶状物) that turned out to be some rocks melted together,and some pieces that were likely to be from the impact of a meteor(流星).The Chang’e 4 mission has also brought forth some fascinating new discoveries like what could be pieces of the moon’s mantle (覆
盖层).
Whatever this structure turns out to be,Yutu 2 will continue uncovering other secrets the “dark side” of the moon is holding.
(　　)1.What does “mystery hut” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.Yutu 2 Rover.
B.A cube-like structure.
C.A newly discovered crater.
D.Chinese National Space Administration.
(　　)2.Why was Yutu 2 sent onto the moon
A.To research into the dark side of the moon.
B.To explore the use of solar energy on the moon.
C.To take pictures of the sun from the far side of the moon.
D.To measure the distance between Earth and the moon.
(　　)3.What can we learn from the discoveries made by Yutu 2
A.Sunshine cannot reach the far side of the moon.
B.The temperature on the moon is always changing.
C.Many rocky mountains rise on the surface of the moon.
D.The moon may have been crashed into by another object.
(　　)4.In which section of a website may this text appear
A.Health. B.Technology.
C.Politics. D.Economy.
B
The Shrinking Storm on Jupiter(木星)
It’s snowing,but the clouds are red.The wind howls at 400 miles an hour,faster than a hurricane.And it’s colder than the North Pole.Named the Great Red Spot,this storm is on Jupiter,the largest planet that goes around the sun.The storm is shrinking.No one knows why—or what it will do next.
Astronomers discovered the Great Red Spot by looking at Jupiter through telescopes.The spot,once estimated to be 2.6×104 km across,was just 1.2×104 km wide when the Hubble Space Telescope last observed it.“It’s at the smallest size that we’ve ever seen,” says Dr Amy Simon,an astronomer who studies the storm.It’s also changing shape,looking more like a circle than its usual oval.
Jupiter differs greatly from Earth.It’s made mostly of hydrogen and helium(氦).However,
Jupiter’s great gravity squeezes the hydrogen and helium,turning most of these elements into liquid.Only the outer part of Jupiter is gas.And that’s where the Great Red Spot is.No one knows why the Great Red Spot is red.
Like Jupiter’s air,the spot is made mostly of hydrogen and helium gases.But they have no colour.So something else must colour the spot red.
Mysteries abound about the spot,such as what powers it and why it is so red.Now another one arises.The Great Red Spot has lasted longer than any storm on Earth.On Earth,hurricanes weaken when they move from sea to land,and when they move north or south.Neither of these things happens on Jupiter.Yet the storm is shrinking.“Could it disappear ”asks Dr Simon.
“Would I bet money on it one way or the other Probably not.”
(　　)5.What do we learn about the Great Red Spot
A.It is getting smaller and rounder.
B.It is getting colder and faster.
C.It is getting higher and redder.
D.It is getting redder and lighter.
(　　)6.What can we learn about Jupiter from this article
A.It is bigger than the sun.
B.It has slight gravity.
C.It contains liquid and gas.
D.It usually looks red.
(　　)7.What does the underlined word “abound” in the last paragraph mean
A.Get solved finally.
B.Go missing abruptly.
C.Exist numerously.
D.Decrease gradually.
(　　)8.What is Dr Simon’s attitude towards the disappearance of the Great Red Spot
A.Hopeful. B.Confident.
C.Worried. D.Doubtful.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.Yet more than half of them have 　1　 to reach the planet about 55 million kilometres away from Earth.
So after China’s Mars probe,Tianwen 1,was 　2　 on 23 July 2020,there was an 　3　 wait for its progress.
The craft landed 　4　 on the surface of the planet on 15 May 2021.The news met with both 　5　 and celebration in the country.The landing was 　6　 exactly as planned,which has made China the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering 　7　,and shows that China has 　8　 the technologies independently.
It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in China’s scientific and technological development in recent decades 　9　 some failures in exploring outer space.
China made its early 　10　 in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s when the country 　11　 largely a backward agricultural country.　12　,the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades,making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause.
In April 2021,China sent Tianhe into space,　13　 a series of launches that finally completed the building of the space station in 2022.
All these achievements have 　14　 greatly to the peaceful use of outer space.During its Mars mission,China has worked with European 　15　 and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.
(　　)1.A.begun B.failed
C.attempted D.succeeded
(　　)2.A.transported B.discovered
C.launched D.settled
(　　)3.A.anxious B.aware
C.awkward D.amazing
(　　)4.A.suddenly B.safely
C.calmly D.obviously
(　　)5.A.protest B.regret
C.pity D.relief
(　　)6.A.carried away B.carried off
C.carried out D.carried on
(　　)7.A.explorers B.applicants
C.officials D.editors
(　　)8.A.borrowed B.selected
C.developed D.removed
(　　)9.A.without B.beyond
C.except D.despite
(　　)10.A.promises B.impacts
C.inventions D.breakthroughs
(　　)11.A.became B.remained
C.ended D.started
(　　)12.A.Thus
B.Therefore
C.Furthermore
D.However
(　　)13.A.starting off B.cutting off
C.getting off D.putting off
(　　)14.A.appealed B.contributed
C.responded D.belonged
(　　)15.A.neighbours B.friends
C.partners D.classmates
Ⅲ.写作训练
你校英文报正在组织题为“My Understanding of Space Exploration”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。内容包括:
1.太空探索的重要性;
2.你的理由;
3.举例说明。
　　注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
My Understanding of Space Exploration

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