资源简介

(共29张PPT)
Grammar
Unit 4
A good read
Learning aims
能掌握“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法；
能掌握must和have to的用法
Lead in
Millie and her classmates are preparing for the school Reading Month.
Do you like Reading Month
What do you usually prepare for it
What are they going to prepare for
Millie and her classmates are deciding what _________(prepare) for the school Reading Month.
Millie is deciding what book_______.
(read)
to prepare
to read
What is Millie deciding
What is Sandy wondering
Sandy is wondering where ________
(find)a book about travel.
Amy does not know how __________
(write) the book review.
to find
to write
What does Amy not know
what to prepare
what book to read
where to find
how to write
Question words + to-infinitives
Activity 1
Know how to use Question words + to-infinitives
Read the different groups of sentences below and summarise the structure for each group.
Millie has decided what to read.
Daniel did not say who/whom to talk to about this book.
Simon forgot when to return his library books.
Kitty cannot decide which to choose first.
Sandy is wondering where to find a book about travel.
Amy does not know how to write the book review.
Verb + question word + to-infinitive
Tip 1: All question words can be used in this way, except why.
所有疑问词都可以这样使用，除了why。
我们可以用”疑问词 + 动词不定式"结构作动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词what、which、who等和疑问副词how、when、where。常和“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构连用的动词和动词短语有：know、learn、see、hear、ask、tell、advise、decide、explain、forget、remember、think、understand、wonder、find out等。
Suzy will explain why to recommend this book. (×)
Suzy will explain why she recommends this book (√）
Tip 2: Whom is an object pronoun. In a very formal style, whom is sometimes used instead of who.
They are discussing which book to read next.
You can decide how many books to take with you.
Verb + question word + noun + to-infinitive
what, which, whose, how many+可复；how much+不可数
有些疑问词，如what、which、whose、how many、how much等，其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。
Gulliver was not sure who/whom to ask for help.
I am not certain what to include in my book review.
Adjective + question word + to-infinitive
在“疑问词+动词不定式”结构前，有时也可以是如sure、certain等的形容词。
There are so many books on the reading list. Mr Wu advised us which
to choose first.
The students asked their teacher when to hand in their book reviews.
Millie showed us what to write in a book review.
Daniel taught himself how to make a mind map on his computer.
Don't forget to tell your classmates where to find these books.
Verb + object + question word + to-infinitive
有些动词，如advise、ask、show、teach、tell等，其后可以接双宾语。
“疑问词+不定式”结构在句子中还可以作主语和表语。
e.g. How to deal with the problem is most important to us.
如何处理这个问题对我们来说最重要。
The problem is when to leave the place.
问题是何时离开这个地方。
“疑问词+不定式”结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。
e.g. I do not know what to do.
=I do not know what I should do.
We can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a(n) ___________ or an adjective.
We can use a verb and an ___________ before a question word with a to-infinitive.
We can use a(n) ___________ (noun, adjective) after what, which, whose, how many and how much.
verb
object
noun
A1 Mr Wu is talking to his students about the Reading Month, Complete what he says with the correct question words.
So, today you've all decided what to read for the Reading Month. It isn't always easy to know (1)_______book to choose, but I'm happy with your choices. It's helpful to have a plan before you start reading. Then, you'll know (2)_______pages to read each day. You can talk to your classmates if you're not sure (3)_______to write about your book. If you have any problems, I'm ready to help. For example, you can ask me (4)_______to write the book review. I'll put up a timetable on my office door so you know (5)________to speak to me.
which
which
what
how
when
A2 Amy and Simon are chatting together after plete their conversation. Use the correct question words and to-infinitives of the words and phrase in the box below.
Simon: Hi Amy. So, now we've decided (1) _______________ When are you going to start
Amy: In fact, I've already finished the first paragraph
Simon: I haven't started yet.
Amy: Don't worry. Mr Wu didn't say (2) _______________ the book review.
Simon: OK. I guess we still have plenty of time then.
Amy: I want to make a mind map of the stories in my book review. Do you know (3) _______________ one on the computer
Simon: No, but I know (4) _______________ for help. Daniel is good with computers. We plan to meet at the library. Would you like to join us
Amy: Yes, I'd love to!
Simon: We're still not sure (5) _______________, but I'll let you know soon.
ask
create
hand in
meet
read
what to read
when to hand in
how to create
who to ask
where to meet
A 3 Write five sentences about a book you have read recently, using question words + to-infinitives.
I’m not sure which book to choose for my book review.
I need to decide when to finish reading this novel.
I don’t know who to discuss this plot in the book with.
…
Tips：
疑问词 + to-infinitive
常用疑问词：
what / which / who / when / where / how结构功能：
在句子中可作宾语（跟在动词 / 形容词后）。
Activity 2
Use must and have to correctly
Read the text below and summarise the use of must and have to.
I am writing a book review for the school newspaper, and I have to hand it in on Friday. I have to give a short summary of the book, but I mustn't give away the ending. I don't have to love the book. I just need to give my reasons for liking it or not. I must check my spelling and grammar before I hand it in.
We use ________when the speaker feels that something is__________.
I must check my spelling and grammar before I hand in my book review.
“I must run away from them,” Gulliver thought.
must
necessary
We use _________ when the situation.
_________________________.
I have to hand in the book review on Friday.
Gulliver had to pull his hand out of the rope.
have to
makes something necessary
We use _____________ to say that something is___________.
I must not give away the ending of the story.
“You must not shout at us! It’s too loud,” one tiny man told Gulliver.
must not
not allowed
We use ________________ to say that it is _____________ to do something.
I don’t have to love the book.
Gulliver didn’t have to run away because the tiny men were kind.
do not have to
not necessary
must和have to用法
must表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句中，意思是“必须”。
e.g. You must take exercise today. 你今天必须进行锻炼。
must的否定形式 must not表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。
e.g. You must not smoke here. 你不能在这里抽烟。
have to表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”。have to有人称和数的变化。
e.g. It is getting dark. He has to go home now.
天快黑了。他现在得回家了。
Mum is out, so I have to look after myself.
妈妈出去了，因此我不得不照顾自己。
have to的否定形式是do/does not have to。
e.g. They do not have to buy a computer at the moment.
他们目前没有必要买电脑。
It's raining hard outside. He does not have to go now.
外面雨下得正大，他不必现在就走。
【拓展】回答以must引导的一般疑问句时，若是否定答复，不可以用mustn’t，而需要用needn’t或don’t have to。
e.g. —Must I water the flowers 我今天必须给花儿浇水吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t. 是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
注意：must还可表示推断和猜测，意思是“一定”，但must not 没有表示否定猜测的用法。
e.g. You must be hungry after all that walking.(√)
You must not be hungry because you just had lunch.(×)
B1 Millie is watching a video about school library rules on the school website. Read the script and complete it with must (not) and (do not) have to.
Welcome to the Sunshine Middle School library! I'm Mrs Li and I'll tell you a few library rules. You (1)________follow these rules while you're here.
First of all, you (2)_________remember that books in the library are for everyone, so please make sure you take care of them. You(3)________write in the books or take out any pages.
The library is a place for all students to read and study. You(4)________be very quiet when you're in the library, so other students can focus. You (5)_______bring any food or drinks into the library.
You (6)________stay in the library to enjoy the books here. If you want to take a book home, you can just take it to the librarian to check it out.
Thank you for watching. I hope you enjoy using the library.
must
must
mustn’t
must
mustn’t
have to
Write a short text about the daily care for books, using must (not) and (do not) have to.
Summary
◆特殊疑问词+动词不定式
We can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a(n) ___________ or an adjective.
We can use a verb and an ___________ before a question word with a to-infinitive.
We can use a(n) ___________ (noun, adjective) after what, which, whose, how many and how much.
verb
object
noun
◆must和have to
Exercise
1. Have you decided ______ _____ ______ your holiday (怎样度过)
2. I don't know ______ _____ ______ at the meeting (说什么).
3. Can you tell me ______ ______ ______ this book (在哪里能买)
4. Drivers _______ (必须) wear seat belts while their cars are running on the road.
5. — ________ (必须) I finish my homework now
— No, ________________ (你没必要). Your work is over today.
how to spend
what to say
where to buy
Must
you don't have to
must
翻译下列句子。
Homework
1 Use “question words + to-infinitives to, must or have to” to write five sentences each.
2 Preview the next period.

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