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2026高考英语·二轮复习突破
句法之名詞性从句
【核心知识·深度解读】
名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）是高考英语语法填空、短文改错及书面表达的高频考点，重点考查连接词的选择、陈述语序、形式主语/宾语、同位语从句与定语从句的区别等。近年命题更注重在复杂语境中考查从句的逻辑关系与语义衔接，尤其关注科技、文化、社会热点等话题中的从句应用。本专题包含核心知识精讲、15道单句填空、10道句子翻译与表达及3篇语法填空篇章练习，帮助学生系统掌握名词性从句的用法。
教学目标
1. 知识目标：掌握名词性从句的四种类型及连接词用法；2. 能力目标：能在语法填空和写作中正确运用名词性从句；3. 素养目标：通过语境理解从句在语篇中的表意功能。
教学重难点
重点：that/whether/what的选择；难点：同位语从句与定语从句的区分、it作形式主语的灵活运用。
第一课时 · 诊断与突破
环节一：课前诊断（3分钟）—— 找准学生真实问题
设计意图： 用3道典型题快速检测学生前备知识，暴露常见错误，为精讲提供依据。
1. ________ we need is more time. (what/that)
2. I wonder ________ he will come tomorrow. (whether/if/that)
3. The news ________ our team won excited everyone. (that/which)
预设错误及对策： 第1题错填that → 强调“what在从句中作宾语”；第2题错填that → 强调“wonder表示疑问，不能用that”；第3题错填which → 强调“同位语从句用that，且that不作成分”。
环节二：考点精讲（20分钟）—— 结合高考真题，说透规则
考点1：that引导的名词性从句（主语/宾语/表语/同位语）
【高考真题】It is estimated that the project will cost $10 million. (2022全国乙卷)
【规则总结】that在从句中不作成分，无词义。主语从句句首that不可省；同位语从句that不可省；宾语从句that常可省（并列宾语从句第二that不省）。
考点2：whether与if的选择
【高考真题】The question is whether the technology is ready for widespread use. (2023新高考Ⅰ卷)
【规则总结】主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后用whether；whether可与or not连用，if一般不直接连用。
考点3：what引导的名词性从句
【高考真题】What matters most is not the result but the process. (2024九省联考)
【规则总结】what在从句中作主语/宾语/表语，意为“所……的（事物）”。
考点4：同位语从句 vs 定语从句（学生最难区分）
【对比讲解】The news that he told me was false.（定语从句，that作told的宾语）
The news that our team won was exciting.（同位语从句，that不作成分，解释news内容）
当堂训练 · 限时15分钟
使用说明： 学生独立完成后，同桌互批，教师针对错误率高的题目精讲。
1. ________ we will go camping depends on the weather.
2. I have no idea ________ he is coming.
3. ________ you need is a good rest.
4. It is obvious ________ he is lying.
5. ________ we can solve this problem remains a challenge.
6. The reason for his absence was ________ he was ill.
7. I doubt ________ he will keep his promise.
8. ________ made the school proud was that the team won the championship.
9. She asked me ________ I had finished the report.
10. The truth ________ the earth is round is known to all.
11. ________ you like it or not, you must accept the result.
12. This is ________ I have been looking for.
13. I made ________ clear that I would not give up.
14. The suggestion ________ she put forward was practical.
15. The suggestion ________ we start early was accepted.
第二课时 · 易错突破与综合提升
环节五：错题归因（10分钟）—— 聚焦三大高频错点
错点1：what与that混淆
【错误案例】That we need is more time.（错）→ What we need is more time.（正）
【原因分析】that在从句中不作成分，而这里we need缺宾语，所以用what。
【巩固练习】________ you said at the meeting was very inspiring. (What)
错点2：whether与if误用
【错误案例】If he will come is uncertain.（错）→ Whether he will come is uncertain.（正）
【原因分析】主语从句不能用if。
【巩固练习】It depends on ________ he is ready. (whether)
错点3：同位语从句与定语从句混淆
【错误案例】The news which our team won excited us.（错）→ The news that our team won excited us.（正）
【原因分析】同位语从句解释news的内容，从句完整，用that。
【巩固练习】The fact ________ he failed the exam surprised us. (that)
环节六：综合运用（高考话题语篇训练）
使用说明： 限时12分钟完成，教师巡视收集典型问题，集中讲评。
【Passage 1 · 中国航天】
________ China has achieved in space exploration is remarkable. It is reported ________ the space station will operate for ten years. ________ amazes people most is ________ Chinese astronauts conduct experiments in microgravity. The fact ________ they work in such harsh conditions inspires the youth.
【Passage 2 · 数字敦煌】
________ the Dunhuang Academy has done is groundbreaking. The reason ________ this project matters is ________ it protects cultural heritage. ________ visitors can enjoy the murals online is a breakthrough. There is no doubt ________ technology will help preserve more sites.
【Passage 3 · 人工智能】
There is a concern ________ AI will replace human jobs. ________ we should worry about is ________ we can adapt to change. The truth ________ AI cannot replace human connection reminds us of teachers' value. I believe ________ the future will bring new opportunities.
环节七：课后作业与教学反思
分层作业：
A层（基础）：完成题型训练一剩余题目，整理错题本。
B层（提升）：用名词性从句改写3个书面表达中的简单句。
C层（拓展）：阅读一篇科技类文章，标注其中所有的名词性从句。
教学反思（教师填写）：
本节课学生掌握较好的地方：________
仍需强化的地方：________
下节课调整策略：________
参考答案
当堂训练答案
1. Whether 2. whether 3. What 4. that 5. Whether 6. that 7. whether 8. What 9. whether/if 10. that 11. Whether 12. what 13. it 14. that/which 15. that
综合运用答案
Passage 1: What, that, What, that, that
Passage 2: What, why, that, That, that
Passage 3: that, What, how, that, that
一线教学建议
1. 关于时间分配：第一课时重点讲透规则，第二课时重点训练区分能力。两课时之间留出一天消化时间。
2. 关于学生互动：让学生上台板书句子成分分析，直观展示what与that的区别。
3. 关于写作迁移：讲完名词性从句后，要求学生用“What matters most is...”“It is widely believed that...”等句型改写作文开头。
4. 关于错题本：要求学生将课堂上做错的题目按“错因分类”（what/that混淆、whether/if误用、同位语/定语混淆）整理到错题本上。

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