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人教版高中英语选择性必修二 Unit 4
非谓语动词（-ed分词/-ing分词）导学案
一、学习目标
（一）知识目标
1. 掌握-ed分词与-ing分词作表语的核心区别，能准确区分主语是“人”（表感受）还是“物”（表属性），正确使用两种形式。
2. 掌握分词作状语的语法规则，理解逻辑主语一致性原则，能区分主动（-ing）与被动（-ed）关系。
3. 掌握状语从句的省略规则，能将完整状语从句改写为分词作状语的结构。
（二）能力目标
1. 能在语境中正确使用-ed/-ing分词完成句子、改写句子，提升语法应用能力。
2. 能准确翻译含分词结构的句子，理解两种形式的语义差异。
3. 能识别并修正“悬垂分词”等常见语法错误，提升写作准确性。
（三）情感目标
1. 通过旅游主题的语料，了解加拿大、芬兰等国的旅游文化，拓展国际视野。
2. 培养严谨的语法思维，提升英语学习的自信心。
二、学习重难点
重点
-ed/-ing分词作表语的区别与应用
分词作状语的逻辑主语一致性原则
状语从句的省略与改写
难点
区分分词作状语时的主动/被动关系
避免“悬垂分词”等语法错误
复杂语境中分词形式的灵活运用
三、课前预习（10分钟）
（一）知识回顾
1. 写出下列动词的-ed和-ing形式：
动词 -ed形式 -ing形式
amaze
frighten
excite
tire
satisfy
bore
思考并填空：
当主语是人时，通常用___________分词，表示“感到……的”；
当主语是事物/事件时，通常用___________分词，表示“令人……的”。
（二）预习检测
用括号内单词的正确形式填空：
I am ___________ (interest) in this ___________ (interest) story.
The ___________ (tire) journey made us feel ___________ (tire).
___________ (See) from the hill, the park looks beautiful.
___________ (See) the park from the hill, we felt very happy.
四、课堂学习（40分钟）
（一）语法精讲（15分钟）
1. -ed分词 vs -ing分词 作表语
维度 -ed分词（过去分词） -ing分词（现在分词）
逻辑主语 人（有情感的主体） 事物（事件、场景、物品）
语义 表示主语的主观感受：“感到……的” 表示事物的客观属性：“令人……的”
常见搭配 be amazed at, be frightened of, be satisfied with, be excited about amazing news, frightening experience, tiring work, boring film
例句 The girls were amazed to see the open country. The large area of farms was amazing.
2. 分词作状语
核心原则：分词作状语时，逻辑主语必须与句子主语完全一致。
主语是动作的发出者（主动关系）→ 用 -ing分词
主语是动作的承受者（被动关系）→ 用 -ed分词
常见状语类型：时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果状语
例句：
Seeing the scenery from the mountain, I was fascinated.（主动，我看风景）
Seen from the mountain, the scenery was fascinating.（被动，风景被看）
Heading eastwards, you will pass the Rockies.（主动，你向东行进）
The company, headed by the new manager, made a profit.（被动，公司被领导）
3. 状语从句的省略（分词作状语的来源）
当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略“主语+be动词”，保留分词：
主动关系：从句谓语→-ing分词
被动关系：从句谓语→-ed分词
例句：
When people asked the man... → When asked what the trip meant...（省略people were）
If you compare Quebec City... → Compared with other cities...（省略you are）
（二）教材习题（P41）精讲（20分钟）
1. 第1题：-ed/-ing分词填空+翻译
2. 第2题：-ed/-ing分词填空+翻译
3. 第3题：句子改写（状语从句省略）
（三）易错点总结（5分钟）
1. 主语判断失误：永远先看分词的逻辑主语是“人”还是“物”，再决定用-ed还是-ing。
2. 悬垂分词错误：分词作状语时，主语必须与逻辑主语一致，否则句子错误。
错误：Walking along the street, the flowers are beautiful.（flowers不能walk）
正确：Walking along the street, we saw beautiful flowers.
主动/被动混淆：-ing表主动，-ed表被动，需结合语境判断动作的发出者/承受者。
固定搭配遗漏：-ed分词常与介词搭配（如be satisfied with, be interested in），需牢记。
五、课堂练习（15分钟）
（一）基础巩固
用括号内单词的正确形式填空：
The ________________ (amaze) news made all the students ________________ (amaze).
The ________________ (frighten) child held his mother's hand tightly. The ________________ (frighten) noise came from the dark room.
________________ (Finish) his homework, he went out to play.
________________ (Praise) by the teacher, the girl felt very happy.
I found the movie ________________ (bore), so I felt ________________ (bore) and left early.
（二）能力提升
改写下列句子，用分词作状语：
Because he was ill, he didn't go to school.
When you cross the street, you should be careful.
If we are given more time, we can finish the work better.
The girl sat by the window, and she read a book.
六、课后作业（20分钟）
（一）必做题
1. 完成教材对应习题的订正与背诵，重点掌握语法规则。
2. 用下列单词各造2个句子（1个-ed作表语，1个-ing作定语/表语）：excite, tire, satisfy, bore
3. 改写下列句子，用分词作状语：
(1) When he arrived at the station, he found the train had left.
Because she was worried about her son, she couldn't sleep well.
If you work hard, you will pass the exam.
The teacher came into the classroom, and he was followed by some students.(-ed分词、-ing分词)导学案参考答案
课前预习
动词 -ed形式 -ing形式
amaze amazed amazing
frighten frightened frightening
excite excited exciting
tire tired tiring
satisfy satisfied satisfying
bore bored boring
-ed；-ing
interested; interesting 2. tiring; tired 3. Seen 4. Seeing
课堂练习
（一）基础巩固
amazing; amazed
frightened; frightening
Having finished / Finishing
Praised
boring; bored
（二）能力提升
Being ill, he didn't go to school.
Crossing the street, you should be careful.
Given more time, we can finish the work better.
The girl sat by the window, reading a book.
课后作业（必做题3）
Arriving at the station, he found the train had left.
Worried about her son, she couldn't sleep well.
Working hard, you will pass the exam.
The teacher came into the classroom, followed by some students.

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