资源简介

Festivals play an important part in our daily life,giving us a chance to entertain ourselves and get together with our families.A knowledge of the colourful festivals around the world enables us to explore the background of a country and its people.Thus we can overcome the barriers in intercultural communication.And we should try our best to learn more about traditional Chinese festivals and other traditions.
Part 1　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.plate　　　　 n.盘子;碟子
2.carnival n.狂欢节;嘉年华
3.costume n.(某地或某历史时期的)服装;戏装
4.spicy adj.加有香料的;辛辣的
5.ceremony n.典礼;仪式
6.balloon n.气球
7.firecracker n.鞭炮;爆竹
8.candy n.糖果
9.lunar adj.阴历的;月球的;月亮的
10.feast n.盛宴;宴会;节日
11.envelope n.信封;塑料封套
核心单词
1.march　 　　 vi.& n.行进;前进;示威游行
2.material n.材料;布料;素材
3.range n.一系列;范围、界限
vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
4.figure n.人物;数字;身材
vt.认为;认定
5.souvenir n.纪念物;纪念品
6.harvest n.收获季节;收获;收成
vi.& vt.收割(庄稼);捕猎
(动物、鱼)
7.wave v.挥舞;招手
8.gather vi.聚集;集合
vt.聚集;搜集;收割
9.feature vt.以……为特色
n.特色;特征;特点
10.reunion n.重逢;重聚
11.atmosphere n.气氛;氛围;(地球的)大气(层)
运用词汇
1.origin n.起源;起因;出身→original adj.起初的;原先的;原作的;真迹的→originally adv.起初;原来→originate vi.&vt. 起源;发源;创立;创建
2.congratulation n.祝贺;恭喜→congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪
3.settle vi.& vt.定居;结束;解决→settlement n.定居点;协议→settler n.移民;殖民者
4.charm n.魅力;迷人的特征;咒语→charming adj.有魅力的;迷人的
5.joy n.高兴;喜悦→joyful adj.高兴的;快乐的→joyfully adv.高兴地;喜悦地
6.particular adj.特别的,特定的→particularly adv.尤其;特别地
7.gratitude n.感激之情;感谢 →grateful adj.感激的;表示感谢的→ gratefully adv.感激地;感谢地
8.appeal n.呼吁;上诉 vi.呼吁;有吸引力→ appealing adj.有吸引力的
9.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的;重要的→ significantly adv.有重大意义地;显著地→significance n.意义;重要性;重要意义
10.inform vt.通知;了解,熟悉→information n.信息→informed adj.有学问的;有见识的
11.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射;认真思考→reflection n.(声、光、热等的)反射;映像;反映;沉思→reflective adj.(指物体表面)反射热的;反光的;沉思的
12.caution n.谨慎;小心→cautious adj.谨慎的;十分小心的→cautiously adv.谨慎地
13.belief n.信仰;信心;信任→believe vt.信任;相信;认为→believable adj.可相信的;可信任的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的
14.faith n.宗教信仰;信任;相信→faithful adj.忠实的;忠诚的→ faithfully adv.忠实地;忠诚地
15.extend vt.提供,给予,表示→extensive adj.广阔的;大规模的→extension n.延伸;扩大
16.merry adj.愉快的;高兴的→merrily adv.愉快地;高兴地
重点词块
1.dress (sb) up　　　　　　 穿上盛装;装扮
2.after all 毕竟;别忘了
3.bring about 导致;引起
4.range from...to... 包括从……到……之间
5.figure out 弄明白;计算出
6.be grateful for 对……感激
7.pass down 使世代相传;流传
8.get together 聚在一起
9.play a significant role in 在……中起重要作用
10.in honour of 为向……表示敬意;为纪念……
11.drive away 驱走;赶走
12.calm down 冷静下来
13.take advantage of 利用;欺骗;占……的便宜
14.make an effort 尽力
15.have sth in common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征
重点句型
1.无论问题有多难,我们都应该尽力去解决。(no matter how引导让步状语从句)
No matter how difficult the problem is,we should try our best to solve it.
2.孩子们笑着玩耍着,公园里充满了欢乐。(with复合结构)
With the children laughing and playing,the park was full of joy.
3.这项新技术使得提前完成项目成为可能。(it作形式宾语)
The new technology makes it possible to complete the project ahead of schedule.
4.这是我读过的一本最有趣的故事书。(定语从句)
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
[教师备用]
答案:1.introduction　2.purpose　3.reasons　4.results　5.Commercial　6.significance
(　　)1.Which of the following is the common spirit of all festivals
A.Honouring famous figures. B.Sharing happiness.
C.Exchanging gifts. D.Showing respect.
(　　)2.How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed
A.By listing data. B.By analysing causes.
C.By giving examples. D.By making comparisons.
(　　)3.Which of the following was the religious festival at first
A.Halloween. B.The Mid-Autumn Festival.
C.The Chinese Spring Festival. D.The Egyptian Harvest Festival.
(　　)4. What may make customs in festivals change over time
A. The religious belief.
B.The air pollution.
C.The development of modern technology.
D.The spread of new ideas.
(　　)5.What is the writer’s attitude towards the commercialisation of festivals
A.Supportive. B.Negative.
C.Doubtful. D.Objective.
答案:1.B　2.C　3.A　4.D　5.D
1.congratulation n.祝贺; 恭喜
congratulate vt. 向(某人)道贺;(因某事)
为自己感到自豪
I want to express my sincere congratulations to you on your success.
我想衷心地祝贺你的成功。
We sent our congratulations to her when she passed the exam.
当她通过考试时,我们向她表示祝贺。
The two sportsmen congratulated each other on winning the match by shaking hands.
两位运动员通过握手祝贺彼此赢得比赛。
express/offer/send one’s congratulations to sb (on sth)(为某事)向某人致以祝贺 a letter of congratulation一封贺信 congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺 congratulate oneself (on doing sth) (因做某事)为自己感到自豪
congratulate 和 celebrate
词语 辨析
congratulate 意为“向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪”,只能用人作宾语,若要表明所祝贺的事情,后面要用介词on连接,构成congratulate sb on sth
celebrate 意为“(举行仪式、典礼)庆祝”,只能用事情(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语,构成celebrate sth
(1)句子语法填空
①I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him 　　　　 his marriage,but I couldn’t manage it.
(2)完成句子
②我想要衷心地祝贺你在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。
I’d like to　　　　　　　　　　　　 on your winning first place in the English Speech Competition.
③观众爆发出雷鸣般的欢呼声,祝贺他打破了纪录。
The audience burst into thunderous cheers,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
答案:(1)①on　(2)②express/offer/send my sincere congratulations to you　③congratulating him on breaking the record
2.range n.一系列;范围、界限
vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
The exhibition has a wide range of paintings that can satisfy all kinds of visitors.
这个展览展出的画作种类繁多,可以满足各类参观者的需求。
There were 120 students whose ages ranged from 10 to 18.
有120名年龄在10到18岁之间的学生。
·a full/wide range of一系列……;广泛的;各种各样的 in/within range (of...)在(……的)范围内 out of/beyond range(of...) 超出(……的)范围;在……范围之外 ·range from ...to.../range between...and ...包括从……到……之间;在……到……之间变动
(1)句子语法填空
①We hold a number of activities during the Spring Festival in our hometown,
　　　　(range) from making dumplings to setting off fireworks.
②The price of the typical car is 　　　　 his range.In other words,he can’t afford it.
(2)完成句子
③除了这些传统活动,我们还有一些更广泛的选择,如旅游和拜访我们的亲戚或朋友。
In addition to these traditional activities,we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
④令她非常高兴的是,她突然看到一条小溪在她的视线范围内静静地流淌。
To her great joy,she suddenly saw a stream flowing quietly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
They held a wide range of activities to celebrate the harvest,ranging from setting off fireworks and lighting firecrackers to dressing up in costumes and marching in a parade.
他们举办了各种各样的活动来庆祝丰收,从燃放烟花和点燃鞭炮,到穿上盛装并游行。
答案:(1)①ranging　②beyond　(2)③have a wider range of choices　④in/within range of her vision
3.figure n.人物;数字;身材;图表
vt.认为;认定
(2023·浙江1月卷)I’ve learnt a few things along the way though,which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
在这个过程中,我学到了一些东西,如果你正在尽力弄明白如何在一个并不总是支持你的家庭中作出改变,我希望这些东西会使你受到鼓舞。
The sales figure of the new products this month has increased by 10%.
这个月新产品的销售额增长了10%。
To keep her figure,she insists on exercising every morning.
为了保持身材,她每天早上坚持锻炼。
·keep one’s figure 保持身材/体形 have a good figure身材好 a political/public figure一位政治/公众人物 ·figure out理解;想出;计算出 figure (that)...认为……;认定……
(1)一词多义:写出句中figure的词性和汉语释义
①She kept a good figure thanks to her regular exercise.　　　　　　　
②Our textbooks have many figures to help explain the lessons.　　　　　　　
③He was one of the great figures of his age.　　　　　　　
④But then I figured I’d better just go all out and see what happens.　　　　　　　
(2)完成句子
⑤你真正应该做的是找出你考试不及格的原因。
What you really need to do is to 　　　　　　　　　 why you failed in the exam.
⑥那个可怕的身影消失在森林后,汤姆一路跑回家,他的心狂跳不止。
　　　　　　　　　 into the forest,after which Tom ran all the way home,his heart wildly beating.
答案:(1)①n.身材　②n.图表　③n.人物　④vt.认为　(2)⑤figure out the reason　⑥The terrible figure disappeared
4.grateful adj.感激的;表示感谢的
gratitude n.感激之情;感谢
You have done me a great service,and I am very grateful to you.
你帮了我一个大忙,我非常感谢你。
I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.
我非常感谢所有老师的帮助。
be grateful to sb for (doing) sth 感激某人(做)某事 be grateful to do sth因做某事而感激 be grateful/thankful that...感激……;感谢…… I would be grateful/I would appreciate it if you could do...如果你能做……,我将感激不尽。
(1)句子语法填空
①I am so grateful 　　　　 all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
②He was grateful 　　　　(have) someone to talk to.
③(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)A feeling of 　　　　 (grateful) washed over me as I heard his words.
(2)翻译句子
④如果您能给我一些关于如何适应新环境的建议,我将不胜感激。
答案:(1)①to　②to have　③gratitude　(2)④I would appreciate it/would be grateful if you could give me some advice on how to adapt to new surroundings.
5.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的;重要的
significance n.意义;重要性;重要意义
significantly adv.有重大意义地;显著地
(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)For adults,volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
对成年人来说,志愿活动可以给身体健康带来显著的益处。
Furthermore,guzheng is of great significance/very significant to Chinese folk music,leading you to a fantastic world of music.
此外,古筝对中国民间音乐具有重要意义,将你引向一个美妙的音乐世界。
Among young adults,living arrangements differ significantly by gender.
在年轻人中,生活安排因性别不同而有显著差异。
·It is significant that...……很重要/很明显 ·be of great significance (to...)相当于be very significant (to...)(对……来说)很重要/有重大意义 be of little/no significance 不太重要/不重要 attach significance to...重视;认为……重要
(1)句子语法填空
①Our school attaches great 　　　　 (significant) to students’ physical education.
②In my view,practising handwriting is significant 　　　　 students’ growth.
(2)完成句子
③通过这次活动,我们意识到劳动至关重要。
Through the activity,we are aware that labour 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④很明显,生命中最珍贵的礼物是友谊。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the most precious gift in life is friendship.
答案:(1)①significance　②to　(2)③is of great significance/is very significant　④It is significant that
It is significant that he attaches great significance to the diversity of Chinese culture.As a result,his research is significantly better than others’.
很明显,他非常重视中国文化的多样性。因此,他的研究明显优于他人。
6.take advantage of利用; 欺骗;占……的便宜
The students benefiting most from college are those who are totally engaged (参与) in academic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources (资源).
从大学获益最多的学生是那些充分利用大学的机会和资源并完全参与学术生活的人。
I’d like to take advantage of this chance to express my thanks for your help.
我想利用这个机会表达对你的感激之情。
have/gain/win/get the/an advantage over 比……有优势;胜过…… be to one’s advantage/disadvantage 对某人有利/不利 be at an advantage 处于有利地位
句子语法填空
①We should take full advantage 　　　　 the library in our school.
②The situation is clearly 　　　　 our advantage.
③She has got the job because she has the advantage of knowing many languages 　　　　 others.
④You will be 　　　　 an advantage if you have thought about the interview questions in advance.
答案:①of　②to　③over　④at
7.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射;认真思考
reflection n.(声、光、热等的)反射;映像;反映;沉思
reflective adj.(指物体表面)反射热的;反光的;沉思的
(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition.
在展览的负责人屠宁宁看来,黑白棋子的移动反映了东方哲学的基本理念。
The girl was lying on the bed,reflecting on/upon what happened that day.
女孩躺在床上,思索着那天发生的事情。
Some flowers are reflected in the river and the reflection is very beautiful.
一些花倒映在河里,倒影很美。
·reflect ...in ...在……中映出……的影像 be reflected in倒映在;反映在 reflect on/upon sth认真思考某事;沉思 ·on reflection经再三考虑 be lost in reflection陷入沉思中 ·be reflective of sth ……代表……;……体现……
(1)句子语法填空
①Qian Xuesen’s strong love for his country 　　　　 (reflect) in his devotion to physics.
②Everything you do or say is 　　　　 (reflect) of your personality.
③Usually a child’s behaviour is a 　　　　(reflect) of his family environment.
(2)完成句子
④不要害怕错误,你必须通过反思来学习。
Don’t be afraid of mistakes,you have to learn by　　　　　　　　.
⑤听到我的话,他低下了头,陷入沉思。
At my words,he hung his head,　　　　　　　　　　　　.
答案:(1)①is reflected　②reflective　③reflection　(2)④reflecting on/upon them　⑤lost in deep reflection
Looking at the reflection of the trees in the lake,I reflected on a question.Why are the trees reflected in the lake
看着这些树在湖中的倒影,我思考了一个问题:为什么湖中会倒映出树木的影子
8.belief n.信仰;信心;信任
believe v.信任;相信;认为
(2023·全国甲卷)So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate...
我们中的很多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能忍受的状态……
His success was beyond belief since his competitor was so experienced.
他的成功令人难以置信,因为他的对手非常有经验。
beyond belief令人难以置信 have belief in(=believe in ) 相信……;信任…… contrary to popular belief 与普遍的看法相反 have/hold the belief that...相信/认为…… in the belief that...相信…… It is one’s belief that...=One’s belief is that...某人认为……
句子语法填空
①We all hold the belief 　　　　 those who have a wonderful sense of humour are more popular.
②Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyse your short and long term objectives,
keeping in mind your 　　　　 (belief),values and strengths.
③He is very reliable.I have belief 　　　　 him.
答案:①that　②beliefs　③in
9.occasion n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会;场合
occasional adj.偶尔的;不经常的
occasionally adv.偶然;偶尔
Many view these meetings as an occasion to share ideas and refresh friendship.
很多人把这些会议看作是交流思想、重叙友情的机会。
The Mid-Autumn Festival is significant because it is a special occasion for family reunion.
中秋节之所以重要是因为它是阖家团聚的特殊时刻。
on one occasion 曾经;有一次 on occasion(s) 有时;偶尔 on this/that occasion 在这/那种场合;这/那次 on no occasion 绝不(置于句首,句子用部分倒装)
　　occasion作定语从句的先行词,如果表时间,意为“时刻;机会”,应用when引导定语从句;如果表地点,意为“场合”,应用where引导定语从句。
She thought of that occasion when she got help from a stranger on the trip to Lijiang.
她想起了那一次在去丽江的旅途中得到了一位陌生人的帮助。
This is not an occasion for laughter,where you must take things seriously.
这不是大笑的场合,你必须严肃对待事情。
句子语法填空
①I saw Bob play the piano at John’s party and 　　　　 that occasion he was simply amazing.
②Have you ever met with the occasion 　　　　 you were misunderstood
③He gets the 　　　　 (occasion) niggle in his right shoulder.
答案:①on　②where　③occasional
1.“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句
You won’t be heard,no matter how loudly you shout.
不管你喊得多大声,都没人会听见。
(2023·浙江1月卷)But no matter when you travel,it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
但无论你什么时候去旅行,至少提前90天预订是个好主意。
Wherever you go,don’t forget your hometown.
无论你去哪里,都不要忘了你的家乡。
However late he comes back,his mother is always waiting for him.
无论他多晚回来,他的妈妈总是等着他。
　　引导名词性从句的whoever相当于anyone who、anybody who;whatever相当于anything that。在这种情况下,whoever、whatever相当于定语从句中的“先行词+关系代词”,它们不能换成no matter who/what等。
(1)句型转换
①However hard the work may be,we are sure to finish it.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 the work may be,we are sure to finish it.
②The gold medal will be awarded to anyone who wins the first place in the bicycle race.
→The gold medal will be awarded to 　　　　　　　　　　 wins the first place in the bicycle race.
(2)完成句子
③不管困难有多大,我们永远不会放弃保护海洋。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we will never abandon protecting the ocean.
④无论这次经历多么搞笑,它都让我明白了“三思而后行”这句谚语的意义。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,it made me understand the meaning of the saying — look before you leap.
答案:(1)①No matter how hard　②whoever
(2)③No matter how/However great the difficulty is　④No matter how/However funny the experience was
2.it作形式宾语
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Later,our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构),making it easier to produce such sounds.
后来,我们的下颚结构变成了覆咬合结构,这让我们更容易发出这样的声音。
He found it of great importance to share with others.
他发现和他人分享是很重要的。
I must make it clear that I’ll always support you.
我必须说清楚我会一直支持你。
　　以下几类形式宾语却比较特殊,其后没有宾语补足语。
①“depend on/rely on/see to it that...”从句;
②喜好类动词“like/dislike/hate/enjoy/
appreciate...it if/when”从句;
③“take it for granted that...”“owe it to sb that...”等。
(1)句型转换
①While working,I found it was hard to work in the fields under a hot sun.
→While working,　　　　　　　　　 to work in the fields under a hot sun.
②Our parents should take care of us and we always take that for granted.
→We always 　　　　　　　　　 our parents should take care of us.
(2)完成句子
③我认为抱怨没用,相反,我们应该立即行动起来保护海洋。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　;instead,we should take action immediately to protect the ocean.
④伴随着突如其来的大雨,我们认为在漆黑的森林里找到回去的路相当困难。

in the dark forest with the unexpected heavy rain.
答案:(1)①I found it hard　②take it for granted that　(2)③I feel it no use complaining　④We considered/believed/thought it quite difficult to find our way back
[教师备用]
1.①Although some believe ②festivals should not be commercialised,others believe ③the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
尽管有人认为节日不应该被商业化,但是也有人认为消费增长有利于(提高)经济和公众幸福感。
分析:这是一个主从复合句。句①是although引导的让步状语从句,句②是省略that的宾语从句,句③是省略that的宾语从句,作believe的宾语。
情境写作
①尽管有人认为节日应该保持传统,但也有人认为融入现代元素使节日更加多样化和有吸引力。
②尽管我们都知道锻炼身体的益处,但我们发现很难抽出太多的时间去锻炼。
答案:①Although some believe festivals should stay traditional,others think incorporating modern elements makes them more diverse and appealing.
②Although we all know it is good to take exercise,we find that it is hard to set aside much time for exercise.
2.And ①if you study festivals carefully,you may be surprised to find ②that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
此外,如果你仔细研究各种节日,你会惊奇地发现不同的文化实际上有很多共同之处。
分析:这是一个主从复合句。句①是if引导的条件状语从句,主句动词不定式to find作状语,句②是that引导的宾语从句,作动词find的宾语。
①如果你研究猫科动物,你可能会兴奋地发现,它们有很多共同之处。
②如果你问一些开放式的问题,你可能会惊讶地发现大多数人都愿意分享他们的工作
经验。
答案:①If you study cat family,you may be excited to find that they have a lot in common.
②If you ask a few open-ended questions,you may be surprised to find that most people are willing to share their work experience.
人物心理描写(喜悦、兴奋、满足)
1.a satisfied look 满意的表情
2.be content with 对……感到满意
3.be joyful over/about 因……而高兴
4.be in high spirits 精神高涨
5.be wild with joy/delight 欣喜若狂
6.float on air感觉洋洋得意/非常开心
7.shed tears of joy流下了喜悦的泪水
8.burst out laughing with joy高兴得开怀大笑
9.a mixture of excitement and happiness
既兴奋又开心
1.The smile on her face shone like a diamond.
她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
2.His eyes twinkled with pleasure.
他的眼睛闪烁着快乐。
3.A faint smile crossed her face.
她的脸上浮出淡淡的笑容。
4.I was pleased beyond description.
我高兴得难以形容。
5.The audience let out thundering cheers,some even whistling wildly.
观众发出雷鸣般的欢呼声,有些人甚至疯狂地吹着口哨。
1.我为这个好消息感到高兴,并对我所得到的所有支持表示感谢。我感觉非常开心,情绪很高涨。我知道这只是更多美好事物的开始。
2. 聚会上到处都是笑脸,每个人都在庆祝这个特殊的日子。当惊喜礼物被打开时,每个人都高兴得开怀大笑。当他们分享回忆和故事时,他们流下了喜悦的泪水。似乎每个人的脸上都闪耀着钻石般的光芒。那真是一个难忘的时刻。
答案:1.I was joyful over the great news and felt grateful for all the support I had received.I felt like I was floating on air,and my spirits were high.I knew that this was just the beginning of many more wonderful things to come.
2.The party was filled with smiling faces as everyone celebrated the special occasion.When the surprise gift was unfolded,everyone burst out laughing with joy.Tears of joy flowed as they shared memories and stories.It seemed as if everyone’s face shone like a diamond.It was a truly unforgettable moment.
课文二次开发利用
[教师备用]
课文语法填空
People all around the world celebrate festivals,1.　　　　 have a wide range of origins.Although every festival has 2.　　　　 (it) different customs and unique charms,they have the spirit of 3.　　　　 (share) joy,gratitude,love,or peace.
Of all the traditional festivals,the harvest festival can 4.　　　　 (find) in almost every culture.This important 5.　　　　 (agriculture) festival is held after all the crops have been gathered in.People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.
Customs play 6.　　　　 significant role in festivals,but sometimes they can change over time.With modern society developing and new ideas 7.　　　　 (spread),some traditions may fade away and others may be established.For example,in big cities,the public have been forbidden 8.　　　　 (light) firecrackers during the Spring Festival.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial,because businesses take advantage
9.　　　　 the celebrations.People have different opinions about the changes.
Festivals are an important part of society.They reflect people’s wishes,10.　　　　 (believe),faiths,and attitudes towards life.They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life.They bring us a lot of benefits.
答案:1.which　2.its　3.sharing　4.be found 5.agricultural　6.a　7.spreading　8.to light
9.of　10.beliefs
语法专项指导
动词-ing形式作定语和表语
一、动词-ing形式的构成(以do为例)
形式 肯定式 否定式
主动式 doing not doing
被动式 being done not being done
完成式 having done not having done
二、动词-ing形式作定语
1.单个动词-ing形式作定语时,通常放在所修饰的名词之前,表示动作正在进行,分词和所修饰的名词是逻辑上的主动关系。
Make less noise.There’s a sleeping child.
少制造些噪声。有一个正在睡觉的孩子。
He asked an embarrassing question.
他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
2.动词-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后。所修饰的名词是其逻辑主语,现在分词短语和逻辑主语之间是主动关系。此时现在分词短语相当于一个定语从句。
They lived in a house facing south (相当于which is facing south).
他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
The woman preparing the feast for us (相当于who is preparing the feast for us) is our aunt.
这位在为我们准备大餐的女士是我们的姑姑。
　　作定语的现在分词短语表示的动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作不是同时发生时,不能用现在分词短语作定语,要使用定语从句。如:昨天来这儿的那位教授将给我们作演讲。
The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.(　×　)
The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.(　√　)
3.作定语的及物动词-ing形式为doing和being done。当被修饰的名词与动词-ing形式之间为主动关系时,用doing;当被修饰的名词与动词-ing形式之间为被动关系且表示动作正在进行时,用being done;作定语的不及物动词的动词-ing形式只有doing形式。
You should adapt to the changing situation.
你应该适应不断变化的形势。
The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在修建的那座桥是迄今横跨黄河的最长的桥。
4.动词-ing形式作定语还可说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。
There is a swimming pool behind the beautiful garden.
在这个美丽的花园后面有一个游泳池。
　　表示感情的动词-ing形式作定语时,表示“令人……的”;此类动词的-ed形式作定语时,表示“感到……的”。
5.过去分词、现在分词的被动式和动词不定式的被动式作定语的区别。
定语 意义 例句
过去分词作 定语(done ) 表示被动 动作已完成 The stadium built last year is the biggest one in our city.去年建造的那个体育场是我市最大的体育场。
现在分词的 被动式作定语 (being done) 表示 被动动作 正在发生 The stadium being built now will be the biggest one in our city.现在正在被建造的那个体育场将是我市最大的体育场。
动词不定式的 被动式作定语 (to be done ) 表示 被动动作 将要发生 The stadium to be built next year will be the biggest one in our city.明年将要建造的那个体育场将是我市最大的体育场。
(1)句子语法填空
①They set up an 　　　　 (operate) table.
②The experiment was an 　　　　 (amaze) success.
③Last night,there were millions of people 　　　　 (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
(2)句型转换
④Do you know the boy who is playing basketball
→Do you know the boy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案:(1)①operating　②amazing　③watching
(2)④playing basketball
三、动词-ing形式作表语
1.动词-ing形式表示主语的内容时,可以转换到句首作主语。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
(=Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.)
她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
Her hobby is playing a variety of instruments.(=Playing a variety of instruments is her hobby.)
她的爱好是弹奏各种各样的乐器。
2.动词-ing形式表示主语的某种性质和特征时,通常可以看作形容词。常用来作表语的动词-ing形式有astonishing、amusing、confusing、disappointing、boring、encouraging、inspiring、moving、tiring、interesting、surprising等。
The news that you’re admitted to the university is encouraging.
你被大学录取这一消息鼓舞人心。
The film we saw last night was very moving.
我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。
①动词-ing形式作表语时,系动词除be动词外还有appear、sound、look、become、come、get、go、grow、keep、remain、seem等。
②动词-ing形式作表语时,相当于形容词,表示主语的特征、性质或状态;而进行时态中的动词-ing形式是谓语动词的组成部分,表示具体的动作,两者不可混淆。
The present situation is encouraging.
目前的形势令人鼓舞。(表语)
The present situation is encouraging us to stride forward in production.
目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。(现在进行时)
3.动名词(短语)与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别。
动名词(短语)作表语表示抽象的一般性的动作;动词不定式(短语)作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。
His hobby is painting.
他的爱好是画画。(一般性的动作)
Today what he wants to do is to paint.
今天他想要做的事是画画。(具体的动作)
His wish is to build up his own studio.
他的愿望是成立自己的工作室。(将要发生的事)
(1)句子语法填空
①It is really 　　　　 (surprise) that the once-ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school.
(2)完成句子
②我们的航空工业的发展非常令人鼓舞。
The development of our aviation industry 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③史密斯教授今天上午作的讲座既生动又有趣。
The lecture that Professor Smith gave this morning was 　 .
答案:(1)①surprising　(2)②is quite encouraging ③lively and interesting
1.(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)The 　　　　 (work) harbour(港口) took shape in 1774.
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)The man’s words sounded pretty 　　　　(convince).
3. (2024·浙江1月卷) Over the last two years,some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs 　　　　 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
4.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)He’s one of a small but 　　　　(grow) number of American veterinarians(兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture,chiropractic(按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
5.(2023·浙江1月卷)Most long-distance trains,especially the 　　　　(sleep) car accommodations,sell out very quickly.
答案及剖析:
1.working　考查动词-ing形式作定语。此处working作定语,修饰名词harbour,表示性质,意为“仍在使用的;运作中的”。故填working。
2.convincing　考查动词-ing形式作表语。空格处位于系动词sound之后,作表语。故填convincing。
3.designed　考查过去分词作定语。动词design意为“设计”,与逻辑主语packs构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。
4.growing　考查动词-ing形式作定语。此处growing作定语,修饰名词number,意为“不断增长的”。故填growing。
5.sleeping　考查动词-ing形式作定语。修饰名词car accommodations,应用sleeping。
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.The results of the Final Examination of this term of the students in my class are 　　　　 (satisfy).
2.There is a note on the door,　　　　 (read)“Please close the door after you”.
3.His 　　　　(inspire) speech at the conference won the admiration of the audience.
4.The building 　　　　(build) now is specially designed for the teachers.
5.Those students 　　　　(hope) to enter that university should work really hard.
6.The tall boy 　　　　 (play) basketball on the playground is my brother.
7. A young man 　　　　 (write) novels came to speak to us yesterday.
8.The students 　　　　 (do) voluntary work in the nursing house are from our school.
9.For children,playing with new toys is 　　　　 (excite).
10. The woman　　　　 (look) at her map is a relative of my mother.
答案:1.satisfying　2.reading　3.inspiring 4.being built　5.hoping　6.playing
7.writing　8.doing　9.exciting　10.looking
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.你应该为这种快速变化的局势做好准备。
You should be prepared for the 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.上周日她给我们讲述的她妈妈的人生故事听起来很感人。
Her mother’s life story she told us last Sunday 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.在阅览室不允许大声喧哗。
No one is allowed to speak loudly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.现在正在被讨论的话题是关于音乐的。
The topic 　　　　　　　　　　　　 now is about music.
5.法院作出这样的决定使每个人都感到震惊。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 everyone that the court had made such a decision.
答案:1.rapidly changing situation　2.sounds moving　3.in the reading room　4.being discussed 5.It was astonishing toFestivals play an important part in our daily life,giving us a chance to entertain ourselves and get together with our families.A knowledge of the colourful festivals around the world enables us to explore the background of a country and its people.Thus we can overcome the barriers in intercultural communication.And we should try our best to learn more about traditional Chinese festivals and other traditions.
Part 1　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.plate　　　　 n.
2.carnival n.
3.costume n.
4.spicy adj.
5.ceremony n.
6.balloon n.
7.firecracker n.
8.candy n.
9.lunar adj.
10.feast n.
11.envelope n.
核心单词
1. 　 　　 vi.& n.行进;前进;示威游行
2. n.材料;布料;素材
3. n.一系列;范围、界限
vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
4. n.人物;数字;身材
vt.认为;认定
5. n.纪念物;纪念品
6. n.收获季节;收获;收成
vi.& vt.收割(庄稼);捕猎
(动物、鱼)
7. v.挥舞;招手
8. vi.聚集;集合
vt.聚集;搜集;收割
9. vt.以……为特色
n.特色;特征;特点
10. n.重逢;重聚
11. n.气氛;氛围;(地球的)大气(层)
运用词汇
1.origin n.起源;起因;出身→ adj.起初的;原先的;原作的;真迹的→ adv.起初;原来→ vi.&vt. 起源;发源;创立;创建
2.congratulation n.祝贺;恭喜→ vt.向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪
3.settle vi.& vt.定居;结束;解决→ n.定居点;协议→ n.移民;殖民者
4.charm n.魅力;迷人的特征;咒语→ adj.有魅力的;迷人的
5.joy n.高兴;喜悦→ adj.高兴的;快乐的→ adv.高兴地;喜悦地
6.particular adj.特别的,特定的→ adv.尤其;特别地
7.gratitude n.感激之情;感谢 → adj.感激的;表示感谢的→ adv.感激地;感谢地
8.appeal n.呼吁;上诉 vi.呼吁;有吸引力→ adj.有吸引力的
9.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的;重要的→ adv.有重大意义地;显著地→ n.意义;重要性;重要意义
10.inform vt.通知;了解,熟悉→ n.信息→ adj.有学问的;有见识的
11.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射;认真思考→ n.(声、光、热等的)反射;映像;反映;沉思→ adj.(指物体表面)反射热的;反光的;沉思的
12.caution n.谨慎;小心→ adj.谨慎的;十分小心的→ adv.谨慎地
13.belief n.信仰;信心;信任→ vt.信任;相信;认为→ adj.可相信的;可信任的→ adj.难以置信的
14.faith n.宗教信仰;信任;相信→ adj.忠实的;忠诚的→ adv.忠实地;忠诚地
15.extend vt.提供,给予,表示→ adj.广阔的;大规模的→ n.延伸;扩大
16.merry adj.愉快的;高兴的→ adv.愉快地;高兴地
重点词块
1. 　　　　　　 穿上盛装;装扮
2. 毕竟;别忘了
3. 导致;引起
4. 包括从……到……之间
5. 弄明白;计算出
6. 对……感激
7. 使世代相传;流传
8. 聚在一起
9. 在……中起重要作用
10. 为向……表示敬意;为纪念……
11. 驱走;赶走
12. 冷静下来
13. 利用;欺骗;占……的便宜
14. 尽力
15. (兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征
重点句型
1.无论问题有多难,我们都应该尽力去解决。(no matter how引导让步状语从句)
,we should try our best to solve it.
2.孩子们笑着玩耍着,公园里充满了欢乐。(with复合结构)
,the park was full of joy.
3.这项新技术使得提前完成项目成为可能。(it作形式宾语)
The new technology the project ahead of schedule.
4.这是我读过的一本最有趣的故事书。(定语从句)
This is the most interesting book .
[教师备用]
(　　)1.Which of the following is the common spirit of all festivals
A.Honouring famous figures. B.Sharing happiness.
C.Exchanging gifts. D.Showing respect.
(　　)2.How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed
A.By listing data. B.By analysing causes.
C.By giving examples. D.By making comparisons.
(　　)3.Which of the following was the religious festival at first
A.Halloween. B.The Mid-Autumn Festival.
C.The Chinese Spring Festival. D.The Egyptian Harvest Festival.
(　　)4. What may make customs in festivals change over time
A. The religious belief.
B.The air pollution.
C.The development of modern technology.
D.The spread of new ideas.
(　　)5.What is the writer’s attitude towards the commercialisation of festivals
A.Supportive. B.Negative.
C.Doubtful. D.Objective.
1.congratulation n.祝贺; 恭喜
congratulate vt. 向(某人)道贺;(因某事)
为自己感到自豪
I want to express my sincere congratulations to you on your success.
我想衷心地祝贺你的成功。
We sent our congratulations to her when she passed the exam.
当她通过考试时,我们向她表示祝贺。
The two sportsmen congratulated each other on winning the match by shaking hands.
两位运动员通过握手祝贺彼此赢得比赛。
express/offer/send one’s congratulations to sb (on sth)(为某事)向某人致以祝贺 a letter of congratulation一封贺信 congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺 congratulate oneself (on doing sth) (因做某事)为自己感到自豪
congratulate 和 celebrate
词语 辨析
congratulate 意为“向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪”,只能用人作宾语,若要表明所祝贺的事情,后面要用介词on连接,构成congratulate sb on sth
celebrate 意为“(举行仪式、典礼)庆祝”,只能用事情(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语,构成celebrate sth
(1)句子语法填空
①I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him his marriage,but I couldn’t manage it.
(2)完成句子
②我想要衷心地祝贺你在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。
I’d like to on your winning first place in the English Speech Competition.
③观众爆发出雷鸣般的欢呼声,祝贺他打破了纪录。
The audience burst into thunderous cheers, .
2.range n.一系列;范围、界限
vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
The exhibition has a wide range of paintings that can satisfy all kinds of visitors.
这个展览展出的画作种类繁多,可以满足各类参观者的需求。
There were 120 students whose ages ranged from 10 to 18.
有120名年龄在10到18岁之间的学生。
·a full/wide range of一系列……;广泛的;各种各样的 in/within range (of...)在(……的)范围内 out of/beyond range(of...) 超出(……的)范围;在……范围之外 ·range from ...to.../range between...and ...包括从……到……之间;在……到……之间变动
(1)句子语法填空
①We hold a number of activities during the Spring Festival in our hometown,
(range) from making dumplings to setting off fireworks.
②The price of the typical car is his range.In other words,he can’t afford it.
(2)完成句子
③除了这些传统活动,我们还有一些更广泛的选择,如旅游和拜访我们的亲戚或朋友。
In addition to these traditional activities,we ,such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
④令她非常高兴的是,她突然看到一条小溪在她的视线范围内静静地流淌。
To her great joy,she suddenly saw a stream flowing quietly .
They held a wide range of activities to celebrate the harvest,ranging from setting off fireworks and lighting firecrackers to dressing up in costumes and marching in a parade.
他们举办了各种各样的活动来庆祝丰收,从燃放烟花和点燃鞭炮,到穿上盛装并游行。
3.figure n.人物;数字;身材;图表
vt.认为;认定
(2023·浙江1月卷)I’ve learnt a few things along the way though,which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
在这个过程中,我学到了一些东西,如果你正在尽力弄明白如何在一个并不总是支持你的家庭中作出改变,我希望这些东西会使你受到鼓舞。
The sales figure of the new products this month has increased by 10%.
这个月新产品的销售额增长了10%。
To keep her figure,she insists on exercising every morning.
为了保持身材,她每天早上坚持锻炼。
·keep one’s figure 保持身材/体形 have a good figure身材好 a political/public figure一位政治/公众人物 ·figure out理解;想出;计算出 figure (that)...认为……;认定……
(1)一词多义:写出句中figure的词性和汉语释义
①She kept a good figure thanks to her regular exercise.
②Our textbooks have many figures to help explain the lessons.
③He was one of the great figures of his age.
④But then I figured I’d better just go all out and see what happens.
(2)完成句子
⑤你真正应该做的是找出你考试不及格的原因。
What you really need to do is to why you failed in the exam.
⑥那个可怕的身影消失在森林后,汤姆一路跑回家,他的心狂跳不止。
into the forest,after which Tom ran all the way home,his heart wildly beating.
4.grateful adj.感激的;表示感谢的
gratitude n.感激之情;感谢
You have done me a great service,and I am very grateful to you.
你帮了我一个大忙,我非常感谢你。
I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.
我非常感谢所有老师的帮助。
be grateful to sb for (doing) sth 感激某人(做)某事 be grateful to do sth因做某事而感激 be grateful/thankful that...感激……;感谢…… I would be grateful/I would appreciate it if you could do...如果你能做……,我将感激不尽。
(1)句子语法填空
①I am so grateful all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
②He was grateful (have) someone to talk to.
③(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)A feeling of (grateful) washed over me as I heard his words.
(2)翻译句子
④如果您能给我一些关于如何适应新环境的建议,我将不胜感激。
5.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的;重要的
significance n.意义;重要性;重要意义
significantly adv.有重大意义地;显著地
(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)For adults,volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
对成年人来说,志愿活动可以给身体健康带来显著的益处。
Furthermore,guzheng is of great significance/very significant to Chinese folk music,leading you to a fantastic world of music.
此外,古筝对中国民间音乐具有重要意义,将你引向一个美妙的音乐世界。
Among young adults,living arrangements differ significantly by gender.
在年轻人中,生活安排因性别不同而有显著差异。
·It is significant that...……很重要/很明显 ·be of great significance (to...)相当于be very significant (to...)(对……来说)很重要/有重大意义 be of little/no significance 不太重要/不重要 attach significance to...重视;认为……重要
(1)句子语法填空
①Our school attaches great (significant) to students’ physical education.
②In my view,practising handwriting is significant students’ growth.
(2)完成句子
③通过这次活动,我们意识到劳动至关重要。
Through the activity,we are aware that labour .
④很明显,生命中最珍贵的礼物是友谊。
the most precious gift in life is friendship.
It is significant that he attaches great significance to the diversity of Chinese culture.As a result,his research is significantly better than others’.
很明显,他非常重视中国文化的多样性。因此,他的研究明显优于他人。
6.take advantage of利用; 欺骗;占……的便宜
The students benefiting most from college are those who are totally engaged (参与) in academic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources (资源).
从大学获益最多的学生是那些充分利用大学的机会和资源并完全参与学术生活的人。
I’d like to take advantage of this chance to express my thanks for your help.
我想利用这个机会表达对你的感激之情。
have/gain/win/get the/an advantage over 比……有优势;胜过…… be to one’s advantage/disadvantage 对某人有利/不利 be at an advantage 处于有利地位
句子语法填空
①We should take full advantage the library in our school.
②The situation is clearly our advantage.
③She has got the job because she has the advantage of knowing many languages others.
④You will be an advantage if you have thought about the interview questions in advance.
7.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射;认真思考
reflection n.(声、光、热等的)反射;映像;反映;沉思
reflective adj.(指物体表面)反射热的;反光的;沉思的
(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition.
在展览的负责人屠宁宁看来,黑白棋子的移动反映了东方哲学的基本理念。
The girl was lying on the bed,reflecting on/upon what happened that day.
女孩躺在床上,思索着那天发生的事情。
Some flowers are reflected in the river and the reflection is very beautiful.
一些花倒映在河里,倒影很美。
·reflect ...in ...在……中映出……的影像 be reflected in倒映在;反映在 reflect on/upon sth认真思考某事;沉思 ·on reflection经再三考虑 be lost in reflection陷入沉思中 ·be reflective of sth ……代表……;……体现……
(1)句子语法填空
①Qian Xuesen’s strong love for his country (reflect) in his devotion to physics.
②Everything you do or say is (reflect) of your personality.
③Usually a child’s behaviour is a (reflect) of his family environment.
(2)完成句子
④不要害怕错误,你必须通过反思来学习。
Don’t be afraid of mistakes,you have to learn by .
⑤听到我的话,他低下了头,陷入沉思。
At my words,he hung his head, .
Looking at the reflection of the trees in the lake,I reflected on a question.Why are the trees reflected in the lake
看着这些树在湖中的倒影,我思考了一个问题:为什么湖中会倒映出树木的影子
8.belief n.信仰;信心;信任
believe v.信任;相信;认为
(2023·全国甲卷)So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate...
我们中的很多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能忍受的状态……
His success was beyond belief since his competitor was so experienced.
他的成功令人难以置信,因为他的对手非常有经验。
beyond belief令人难以置信 have belief in(=believe in ) 相信……;信任…… contrary to popular belief 与普遍的看法相反 have/hold the belief that...相信/认为…… in the belief that...相信…… It is one’s belief that...=One’s belief is that...某人认为……
句子语法填空
①We all hold the belief those who have a wonderful sense of humour are more popular.
②Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyse your short and long term objectives,
keeping in mind your (belief),values and strengths.
③He is very reliable.I have belief him.
9.occasion n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会;场合
occasional adj.偶尔的;不经常的
occasionally adv.偶然;偶尔
Many view these meetings as an occasion to share ideas and refresh friendship.
很多人把这些会议看作是交流思想、重叙友情的机会。
The Mid-Autumn Festival is significant because it is a special occasion for family reunion.
中秋节之所以重要是因为它是阖家团聚的特殊时刻。
on one occasion 曾经;有一次 on occasion(s) 有时;偶尔 on this/that occasion 在这/那种场合;这/那次 on no occasion 绝不(置于句首,句子用部分倒装)
　　occasion作定语从句的先行词,如果表时间,意为“时刻;机会”,应用when引导定语从句;如果表地点,意为“场合”,应用where引导定语从句。
She thought of that occasion when she got help from a stranger on the trip to Lijiang.
她想起了那一次在去丽江的旅途中得到了一位陌生人的帮助。
This is not an occasion for laughter,where you must take things seriously.
这不是大笑的场合,你必须严肃对待事情。
句子语法填空
①I saw Bob play the piano at John’s party and that occasion he was simply amazing.
②Have you ever met with the occasion you were misunderstood
③He gets the (occasion) niggle in his right shoulder.
1.“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句
You won’t be heard,no matter how loudly you shout.
不管你喊得多大声,都没人会听见。
(2023·浙江1月卷)But no matter when you travel,it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
但无论你什么时候去旅行,至少提前90天预订是个好主意。
Wherever you go,don’t forget your hometown.
无论你去哪里,都不要忘了你的家乡。
However late he comes back,his mother is always waiting for him.
无论他多晚回来,他的妈妈总是等着他。
　　引导名词性从句的whoever相当于anyone who、anybody who;whatever相当于anything that。在这种情况下,whoever、whatever相当于定语从句中的“先行词+关系代词”,它们不能换成no matter who/what等。
(1)句型转换
①However hard the work may be,we are sure to finish it.
→ the work may be,we are sure to finish it.
②The gold medal will be awarded to anyone who wins the first place in the bicycle race.
→The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
(2)完成句子
③不管困难有多大,我们永远不会放弃保护海洋。
,we will never abandon protecting the ocean.
④无论这次经历多么搞笑,它都让我明白了“三思而后行”这句谚语的意义。
,it made me understand the meaning of the saying — look before you leap.
2.it作形式宾语
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Later,our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构),making it easier to produce such sounds.
后来,我们的下颚结构变成了覆咬合结构,这让我们更容易发出这样的声音。
He found it of great importance to share with others.
他发现和他人分享是很重要的。
I must make it clear that I’ll always support you.
我必须说清楚我会一直支持你。
　　以下几类形式宾语却比较特殊,其后没有宾语补足语。
①“depend on/rely on/see to it that...”从句;
②喜好类动词“like/dislike/hate/enjoy/
appreciate...it if/when”从句;
③“take it for granted that...”“owe it to sb that...”等。
(1)句型转换
①While working,I found it was hard to work in the fields under a hot sun.
→While working, to work in the fields under a hot sun.
②Our parents should take care of us and we always take that for granted.
→We always our parents should take care of us.
(2)完成句子
③我认为抱怨没用,相反,我们应该立即行动起来保护海洋。
;instead,we should take action immediately to protect the ocean.
④伴随着突如其来的大雨,我们认为在漆黑的森林里找到回去的路相当困难。
in the dark forest with the unexpected heavy rain.
[教师备用]
1.①Although some believe ② , .
尽管有人认为节日不应该被商业化,但是也有人认为消费增长有利于(提高)经济和公众幸福感。
分析:这是一个主从复合句。句①是although引导的 从句,句②是省略 的 从句,句③是省略 的 从句,作believe的 。
情境写作
①尽管有人认为节日应该保持传统,但也有人认为融入现代元素使节日更加多样化和有吸引力。
②尽管我们都知道锻炼身体的益处,但我们发现很难抽出太多的时间去锻炼。
2.And ① ,you may be surprised to find ② .
此外,如果你仔细研究各种节日,你会惊奇地发现不同的文化实际上有很多共同之处。
分析:这是一个主从复合句。句①是if引导的 从句,主句动词不定式to find作 ,句②是that引导的 从句,作动词find的宾语。
①如果你研究猫科动物,你可能会兴奋地发现,它们有很多共同之处。
②如果你问一些开放式的问题,你可能会惊讶地发现大多数人都愿意分享他们的工作
经验。
人物心理描写(喜悦、兴奋、满足)
1.a satisfied look 满意的表情
2.be content with 对……感到满意
3.be joyful over/about 因……而高兴
4.be in high spirits 精神高涨
5.be wild with joy/delight 欣喜若狂
6.float on air感觉洋洋得意/非常开心
7.shed tears of joy流下了喜悦的泪水
8.burst out laughing with joy高兴得开怀大笑
9.a mixture of excitement and happiness
既兴奋又开心
1.The smile on her face shone like a diamond.
她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
2.His eyes twinkled with pleasure.
他的眼睛闪烁着快乐。
3.A faint smile crossed her face.
她的脸上浮出淡淡的笑容。
4.I was pleased beyond description.
我高兴得难以形容。
5.The audience let out thundering cheers,some even whistling wildly.
观众发出雷鸣般的欢呼声,有些人甚至疯狂地吹着口哨。
1.我为这个好消息感到高兴,并对我所得到的所有支持表示感谢。我感觉非常开心,情绪很高涨。我知道这只是更多美好事物的开始。
2. 聚会上到处都是笑脸,每个人都在庆祝这个特殊的日子。当惊喜礼物被打开时,每个人都高兴得开怀大笑。当他们分享回忆和故事时,他们流下了喜悦的泪水。似乎每个人的脸上都闪耀着钻石般的光芒。那真是一个难忘的时刻。
课文二次开发利用
[教师备用]
课文语法填空
People all around the world celebrate festivals,1. have a wide range of origins.Although every festival has 2. (it) different customs and unique charms,they have the spirit of 3. (share) joy,gratitude,love,or peace.
Of all the traditional festivals,the harvest festival can 4. (find) in almost every culture.This important 5. (agriculture) festival is held after all the crops have been gathered in.People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.
Customs play 6. significant role in festivals,but sometimes they can change over time.With modern society developing and new ideas 7. (spread),some traditions may fade away and others may be established.For example,in big cities,the public have been forbidden 8. (light) firecrackers during the Spring Festival.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial,because businesses take advantage
9. the celebrations.People have different opinions about the changes.
Festivals are an important part of society.They reflect people’s wishes,10. (believe),faiths,and attitudes towards life.They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life.They bring us a lot of benefits.
语法专项指导
动词-ing形式作定语和表语
一、动词-ing形式的构成(以do为例)
形式 肯定式 否定式
主动式 doing not doing
被动式 being done not being done
完成式 having done not having done
二、动词-ing形式作定语
1.单个动词-ing形式作定语时,通常放在所修饰的名词之前,表示动作正在进行,分词和所修饰的名词是逻辑上的主动关系。
Make less noise.There’s a sleeping child.
少制造些噪声。有一个正在睡觉的孩子。
He asked an embarrassing question.
他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
2.动词-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后。所修饰的名词是其逻辑主语,现在分词短语和逻辑主语之间是主动关系。此时现在分词短语相当于一个定语从句。
They lived in a house facing south (相当于which is facing south).
他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
The woman preparing the feast for us (相当于who is preparing the feast for us) is our aunt.
这位在为我们准备大餐的女士是我们的姑姑。
　　作定语的现在分词短语表示的动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作不是同时发生时,不能用现在分词短语作定语,要使用定语从句。如:昨天来这儿的那位教授将给我们作演讲。
The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.(　　)
The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.(　　)
3.作定语的及物动词-ing形式为doing和being done。当被修饰的名词与动词-ing形式之间为主动关系时,用doing;当被修饰的名词与动词-ing形式之间为被动关系且表示动作正在进行时,用being done;作定语的不及物动词的动词-ing形式只有doing形式。
You should adapt to the changing situation.
你应该适应不断变化的形势。
The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在修建的那座桥是迄今横跨黄河的最长的桥。
4.动词-ing形式作定语还可说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。
There is a swimming pool behind the beautiful garden.
在这个美丽的花园后面有一个游泳池。
　　表示感情的动词-ing形式作定语时,表示“令人……的”;此类动词的-ed形式作定语时,表示“感到……的”。
5.过去分词、现在分词的被动式和动词不定式的被动式作定语的区别。
定语 意义 例句
过去分词作 定语(done ) 表示被动 动作已完成 The stadium built last year is the biggest one in our city.去年建造的那个体育场是我市最大的体育场。
现在分词的 被动式作定语 (being done) 表示 被动动作 正在发生 The stadium being built now will be the biggest one in our city.现在正在被建造的那个体育场将是我市最大的体育场。
动词不定式的 被动式作定语 (to be done ) 表示 被动动作 将要发生 The stadium to be built next year will be the biggest one in our city.明年将要建造的那个体育场将是我市最大的体育场。
(1)句子语法填空
①They set up an (operate) table.
②The experiment was an (amaze) success.
③Last night,there were millions of people (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
(2)句型转换
④Do you know the boy who is playing basketball
→Do you know the boy
三、动词-ing形式作表语
1.动词-ing形式表示主语的内容时,可以转换到句首作主语。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
(=Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.)
她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
Her hobby is playing a variety of instruments.(=Playing a variety of instruments is her hobby.)
她的爱好是弹奏各种各样的乐器。
2.动词-ing形式表示主语的某种性质和特征时,通常可以看作形容词。常用来作表语的动词-ing形式有astonishing、amusing、confusing、disappointing、boring、encouraging、inspiring、moving、tiring、interesting、surprising等。
The news that you’re admitted to the university is encouraging.
你被大学录取这一消息鼓舞人心。
The film we saw last night was very moving.
我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。
①动词-ing形式作表语时,系动词除be动词外还有appear、sound、look、become、come、get、go、grow、keep、remain、seem等。
②动词-ing形式作表语时,相当于形容词,表示主语的特征、性质或状态;而进行时态中的动词-ing形式是谓语动词的组成部分,表示具体的动作,两者不可混淆。
The present situation is encouraging.
目前的形势令人鼓舞。(表语)
The present situation is encouraging us to stride forward in production.
目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。(现在进行时)
3.动名词(短语)与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别。
动名词(短语)作表语表示抽象的一般性的动作;动词不定式(短语)作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。
His hobby is painting.
他的爱好是画画。(一般性的动作)
Today what he wants to do is to paint.
今天他想要做的事是画画。(具体的动作)
His wish is to build up his own studio.
他的愿望是成立自己的工作室。(将要发生的事)
(1)句子语法填空
①It is really (surprise) that the once-ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school.
(2)完成句子
②我们的航空工业的发展非常令人鼓舞。
The development of our aviation industry .
③史密斯教授今天上午作的讲座既生动又有趣。
The lecture that Professor Smith gave this morning was .
1.(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)The (work) harbour(港口) took shape in 1774.
2.(2025·浙江1月卷)The man’s words sounded pretty (convince).
3. (2024·浙江1月卷) Over the last two years,some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
4.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)He’s one of a small but (grow) number of American veterinarians(兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture,chiropractic(按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
5.(2023·浙江1月卷)Most long-distance trains,especially the (sleep) car accommodations,sell out very quickly.
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.The results of the Final Examination of this term of the students in my class are (satisfy).
2.There is a note on the door, (read)“Please close the door after you”.
3.His (inspire) speech at the conference won the admiration of the audience.
4.The building (build) now is specially designed for the teachers.
5.Those students (hope) to enter that university should work really hard.
6.The tall boy (play) basketball on the playground is my brother.
7. A young man (write) novels came to speak to us yesterday.
8.The students (do) voluntary work in the nursing house are from our school.
9.For children,playing with new toys is (excite).
10. The woman (look) at her map is a relative of my mother.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.你应该为这种快速变化的局势做好准备。
You should be prepared for the .
2.上周日她给我们讲述的她妈妈的人生故事听起来很感人。
Her mother’s life story she told us last Sunday .
3.在阅览室不允许大声喧哗。
No one is allowed to speak loudly .
4.现在正在被讨论的话题是关于音乐的。
The topic now is about music.
5.法院作出这样的决定使每个人都感到震惊。
everyone that the court had made such a decision.

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