资源简介

A lot of people think that money is everything.They work for money and they spend time thinking about how to earn more money.Money is of critical importance in gaining goods and services,and we can’t live without money. But money is not everything.There are many things in the world,which are beyond the means of money,such as friendship,love,health and knowledge.
Part 1　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.loan　　　　　　　 n.
2.purse n.
3.consulate n.
4.bonus n.
5.opera n.
6.workshop n.
核心单词
1. n.(戏剧或歌剧的)场;现场;场面
2. vt.看见;注意到;发现
n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
3. n.客户,顾客
4. v.(短期的)租用,租借;雇用
5. n.种类;类别
6. n.薪金,工资
7. vt.延迟;延期;延缓
8. n.趋势,趋向,倾向
9. adv.无处;哪里都不
10. n.债务;欠款
11. vt.& vi.拥抱;抱紧
12. n.视野;视力
运用词汇
1.basis n.基础;根据;基点→ vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部;根据→ adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的→ adj.基础的;基本的→ adv.大体上;基本上
2.multiple adj.数量多的;多种多样的→ vi.& vt.乘以;迅速增加
3.apologise vi.道歉;谢罪→ n.道歉;(因不能赴会或提前离会的)致歉→ adj.道歉的
4.finance n.资金;财政;金融 vt.提供资金→ adj.财政的,金融的→ adv.财政上;经济上
5.judge vt.& vi.评价;评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员→ n.判决;看法;意见;判断力
6.distribute vt.分配;分散;分销→ n.分销,经销;分布→ n.经销商;批发商
7.servant n.仆人;用人→ vi.& vt.(为……)工作,服务;端上(食物)→ n.服务;(对顾客的)接待
8.dedicate vt. 把……奉献给→ adj.专用的;专注的→ n.奉献;献身
9.patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力→ adj.有耐心的;能忍耐的 n.病人;患者→ adv.耐心地;有毅力地→ adj.没有耐心的
10.management n.经营;管理→ vt.管理;经营;控制 vi.处理→ n.经理;管理
人员
11.intention n.打算;计划;意图;目的→ vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要→ adj.为……打算(或设计)的
12.architect n.建筑师;设计师→ n.建筑学;建筑风格
13.pursue vt. 追求;致力于→ n.追求;追逐
重点词块
1. 　　　　　 在某事的基础上;根据某事
2. 租出
3. 作为回报;作为回应
4. 付清;取得成功
5. 事实上;其实;说真的
6. 使收支相抵
7. 偶然地;意外地
8. 陷入债务之中,负债
9. 应该;应当
10. 以……为代价
11. 推迟做某事
12. 就……而言
13. 以防;以防万一;如果;假使
重点句型
1.他到家时发现钥匙不见了。(find复合结构)
He when he got home.
2.是因为天气不好,比赛才被取消的。(强调句型)
the game was cancelled.
3.她即将大学毕业,开始找工作。(be about to do...)
She and starts looking for a job.
4.那就是他今天早上为什么上学迟到。(why引导表语从句)
he was late for school this morning.
[教师备用]
(　　)1.Why did the two brothers ask Henry those questions
A.To find out how poor he was.
B.To make fun of him.
C.To help him.
D.To know what kind of work he could do.
(　　)2.How did Henry feel when he was asked about the money he had
A.Happy. B.Surprised. C.Nervous. D.Angry.
(　　)3.What can we infer from the passage
A.Henry will get a lot of money.
B.Henry is a very rich man.
C.The two brothers are really kind.
D.Henry will probably get a job.
(　　)4.Which of the following words can best describe Henry
A.Brave. B.Honest. C.Lazy. D.Shy.
1.basis n.基础;根据;基点(复数为bases)
base vt.以……为据点;以……为基础n.底部;根据
based adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的
basic adj.基础的;基本的
basically adv.大体上;基本上
Don’t evaluate a person on the basis of appearance.
不要以貌取人。
We’re going to be meeting there on a regular basis.
我们将定期在那里会面。
(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition.
在展览的负责人屠宁宁看来,黑白棋子的移动反映了东方哲学的基本理念。
·on the basis of 在某事的基础上;根据某事 on a regular/daily/weekly basis 定期/每天/每周 ·base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上 be based on/upon...以……为基础/依据
(1)句子语法填空
①On the of your needs,we will offer you unique tips on a regular .(base)
(2)一句多译
这部根据真实故事改编的电影吸引了全国各地的影迷的关注。
②The film, , attracts fans’ attention all over the country.(定语从句)
③The film, , attracts fans’ attention all over the country.(分词作状语)
On the basis of/Based on your current state of health,I strongly suggest that you (should) work out on a regular basis,and as a result,you should buy some basic fitness facilities.
基于你当前的健康状况,我强烈建议你定期锻炼身体,因此,你应该买一些基础的健身设备。
2.apologise (also apologize) vi.道歉;谢罪
apology n.道歉;(因不能赴会或提前离会的)致歉
I am writing this letter to apologise to you for the mistake I made in work.
我写这封信是为我在工作中犯的错误向你道歉。
I owe you an apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
我为周五下午不能和你一起去书店向你道歉。
·apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologise to sb that...向某人道歉…… ·make/offer an apology to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉 owe sb an apology for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而应向某人道歉 accept/refuse sb’s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉
(1)句子语法填空
①I took your notebook by mistake—I owe you apology.
②We all agreed that he should apologise his deskmate his bad behaviour.
(2)完成句子
③非常遗憾,我不能去机场接你了。我真希望你能接受我真诚的道歉。
Much to my regret,I am unable to pick you up at the airport.And I really hope .
④我鼓起勇气,真诚地为我的不当行为向他道歉。
I gathered my courage,and sincerely my misconduct.
I think I owe you an apology for the damage I have done to your bicycle,so now I apologise to you for my bad behaviour and I sincerely hope you can accept my apology and compensation.
我想我应该为我对你的自行车造成的损坏向你道歉,因此现在我为我的不良行为向你道歉,我真诚地希望你能接受我的道歉和赔偿。
3.in return 作为回报;作为回应(不接宾语)
He helped me,and I hoped that I would do something for him in return.
他帮助了我,我希望为他做点什么来报答他。
He wanted to do something in return for the kindness that she had offered him.
他想做点什么来酬谢她的好意。
The girls called out their own names in turn.
那些女孩儿逐一报出自己的名字。
·in return for...作为……的交换;作为……的报答 on/upon one’s return一回来(就……) a return ticket一张往返票 ·return to...回到…… return sth to sb 把某物归还某人 ·in turn 轮流;依次;反过来 by turns轮流;时而……时而…… in one’s turn轮到某人;依次
(1)句子语法填空
①Theory is based on practice and turn serves practice.
②If we smile at life,life will smile on us return.
(2)完成句子
③我非常感谢你的帮助,并且我希望有机会带你参观北京以报答你的好意。
I deeply appreciate your help and I hope to have the opportunity to show you around Beijing .
④她一回到家,两人久别重逢,心中都交织着喜悦与悲伤的复杂情感。
,their reunion after a long separation brought mixed feelings of joy and sorrow to them both.
4.judge vt.& vi.评价;评判;判断
n.法官;审判员;裁判员
judg(e)ment n.判决;看法;意见;判断力
(2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance.
我们发现,仅仅根据外表来判断你吃的食物是否好吃是不明智的。
There were about 300 people in the meeting room as far as I could judge.
据我判断,这间会议室里大约有300人。
In my judg(e)ment,it is necessary to pay him a visit.
在我看来,有必要去拜访一下他。
·judge...from/by... 从……来判断…… judging from/by... 根据……判断;鉴于 as far as I can judge 据我判断;我认为 ·in one’s judg(e)ment 在某人看来 make a judg(e)ment on/about...对…… 作出判断/评价
　　“judging from/by...”置于句首作状语,不受主语的限制,构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有generally speaking(一般来说)、frankly speaking(坦白地说)、“considering...”(考虑到……)等。
(1)句子语法填空
①As the saying goes,“You can’t judge a book its cover.”
② (judge) from Kelly’s study habits,the best way to study is the way that works for you.
③It is bad manners to make a (judge) on others in private.
(2)完成句子
④我写信是想邀请您担任我们学校6月10日举行的英语演讲比赛的评委。
at our English Speech Contest to be held in our school on 10 June.
⑤永远不要凭一眼判断人,因为真正的美来自内在。
,
for true beauty comes from the inside.
Judging from what he said and what he did,he is a good judge.In his judg(e)ment,we shouldn’t make a judg(e)ment on others easily.
从他的言行来看,他是一名好法官。他认为,我们不应该轻易对他人作出评价。
5.scene n.(戏剧或歌剧的)场;现场;场面;景色
The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment.
电影开头的一场戏发生在纽约的一套公寓里。
She witnessed some very distressing scenes.
她目睹过一些非常令人痛苦的场面。
By the time I arrived on the scene,it had been all over.
我到达现场时,一切都已结束。
Music could also be helping you with many health problems behind the scenes.
音乐也可以在不知不觉中帮助你解决许多健康问题。
on the scene 在现场;当场 behind the scenes在幕后;秘密地 appear/come on the scene出场;登场
scene/scenery/sight/view
①scene 指某一处的自然风光,也指景象,动态或静态的场面。
②scenery (总称)自然景物,天然风光,是由多个scene构成的自然风景。
③sight 景象;风景;名胜。侧重值得看的事物和很可笑的事物;也指视力;眼界。
④view 景色;风景。侧重从人所处的角度(从远处或高处)所看到的景色。
　　scene 有“场景;场面;地点”的含义,后接定语从句,且关系词在定语从句中作状语时,一般用关系副词where或in which来引导。
(1)一词多义:写出下列句中scene的汉语释义
①I think that sunrise is a beautiful scene.
②This is the scene of the accident which happened last Sunday.
③The team’s victory produced scenes of joy all over the country.
(2)语境选词填空(scene、sight、view、scenery)
④Guilin is famous for its beautiful .
⑤The is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.
⑥You can get a wonderful at the top of the tower.
⑦The flowers are a lovely in spring.
6.spot vt.看见;注意到;发现
n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
spotted adj.有圆点的;有斑点的
(2023·全国乙卷)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
由于只在最佳观赏时刻前5分钟到达现场,我已错过很多美丽的日落或日出。
I spotted her sitting in the corner,sighing.
我发现她坐在角落里叹气。
·spot sb doing sth 看见/发现某人正在做某事 be spotted by... 被……发现;被……认出来 be spotted with...满是……斑点;被…… 点缀 ·on the spot=on the scene 当场;在现场;立即 a spot of 少量;一点
　　spot作“地点”讲,用作定语从句的先行词时,从句如果缺少状语则用where引导定语从句,从句如果缺少主语或宾语则用that或which引导定语从句。
(1)一词多义:写出下列句中spot的汉语释义
①Which has spots,the leopard or the tiger
②He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.
③His jacket was covered with spots of mud.
④I’ve just spotted a mistake on the front cover.
(2)完成句子
⑤我们躺在草地上,凝视着繁星点点的夜空。
We lay on the grass,staring at the night sky .
⑥看到北极熊向我们靠近,我们吓得呆若木鸡。
,
we stood rooted to the spot with fear.
7.patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力
patient adj.有耐心的;能忍耐的 n.病人;患者
patiently adv.耐心地;有毅力地
impatient adj.没有耐心的
The doctor is very patient with his patients.
这位医生对他的病人很有耐心。
(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning.
照料植物是一个培养耐心和学习的过程。
·out of/with patience 没有耐心/耐心地 have the/no/little patience with sb 对某人有/没有/几乎没有耐心 have the patience to do sth 有耐心做某事 lose/run out of patience with sb对某人失去耐心 ·be patient with... 对……有耐心
(1)句子语法填空
①Being a person,I can deal with many things with great ,while my friend is .(patience)
②What made him disappointed was that his parents had little patience him.
(2)完成句子
③她对学生通常很有耐心,从来不让他们失望。
and never made them disappointed.
④她给了我一个安慰的微笑,一边点头一边耐心地听着。
She gave me a comforting smile and nodded while .
She is very patient with her patients. Whenever they have trouble,she will take care of them with patience.She always says,“Treating them patiently makes me calm and content.”
她对病人很有耐心。每当他们有困难,她都会耐心地照顾他们。她总是说:“耐心地对待他们让我平静和满足。”
8.postpone vt.延迟;延期;延缓
The game has already been postponed three times.
这场比赛已经三度延期了。
Judging from the present situation,we’ll postpone carrying out the plan.
鉴于当下的情形,我们将推迟实施这个计划。
postpone doing sth=delay/put off doing sth推迟做某事 be postponed for+时间段 推迟……一段时间 be postponed to/until+时间点 推迟到……时候
(1)句子语法填空
①Let’s postpone (make) a decision until we have more information.
②It won’t hurt to postpone the matter a few days.
(2)完成句子
③由于天气不好,我们的校运动会已经被推迟到下周五。
Due to the bad weather,our school sports meeting
.
④梦想可能被推延,但你绝不能轻言放弃。
,
but you must never give up easily.
9.in case 以防;以防万一;如果;假使
You’d better take the keys in case I’m out.
你最好带上钥匙以防我不在家。
I’ll be out for some time.In case anything important happens,call me up immediately.
我要外出一阵子。如果有什么重要的事情,立即给我打电话。
In no case should you leave your post.
在任何情况下你都不应该离开岗位。
in...case 在……情况下 in no case 决不(若置于句首,句子要用部分倒装) in case of 万一;假使 as is often the case 情况通常是这样;这是常有的事 in that case 既然那样;假使那样的话
①in case可用作连词,引导从句,也可以单独使用,常位于句末,相当于一个副词。
②当case作先行词且在定语从句中作状语时,要用where引导定语从句。
(1)句子语法填空
①In case fire,walk quickly to the nearest door.
② no case should the students be prevented from exploring new things.
③Take an umbrella with you case it rains.
(2)完成句子
④应该给予孩子们足够的空间,假使那样的话,他们会得到更多生活经历。
Enough space should be given to the kids; .
⑤就像其他老人一样,我祖父也喜欢谈论过去的美好时光。
,
my grandfather is also fond of talking about good old days.
10.intention n.打算;计划;意图;目的
intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要
intended adj.为……打算(或设计)的
This programme was set up with the intention of providing help for homeless people.
设立这个项目是为了帮助无家可归者。
The headmaster intended Jim to deliver a speech in front of the whole school.
校长打算让吉姆在全校师生面前发表演讲。
We intend getting/to get married next year.
我们打算明年结婚。
Mother’s Day is coming.I will make a card which is intended for my mother.
母亲节快到了,我将专门为妈妈制作一张贺卡。
·with the intention of 带着……的目的;有……的意图 ·intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事 intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth=intended to have done sth过去本打算做某事(但事实上没做) ·be intended for...为……准备/打算的 be intended to do sth 打算做某事
(1)句子语法填空
①To tell the truth,I have no (intend) to tell him the news.
②His father intended him (join) the army after graduation.
(2)完成句子
③这本给10岁以下的孩子的书是用简单的英语写的。
The book, , is written in simple English.
④我本打算昨天去参加你的晚会的,但有个不速之客拜访了我。
,
but an unexpected guest visited me.
强调句型
It was Mary that/who offered us a lot of help.
是玛丽给我们提供了很多帮助。
It was when we were returning home that I realised what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
当我们回家的时候,我意识到帮助了有困难的人感觉真好。
Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognised.
巴赫于1750年去世,但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐才能才完全被认可。
Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry
史密斯先生是不是因为杰克上学迟到才生气的
　　强调句的判别方式如下所示。
把一个句子中的It is /was及that /who去掉,句中剩余部分依然能组合成一个完整的句子,这个句子就是强调句;否则,就不是强调句。
①It is in this house that he lives.
他就住在这所房子里。
去掉It is和that后,句中剩余部分能组成一个完整的句子 → He lives in this house.故句①是强调句。
②It is the fact that he has done his best.
事实上,他倾尽全力了。
去掉It is和that后,句中剩余部分无法组成一个完整的句子。故句②不是强调句。
翻译句子
①正是老师的鼓励才使我取得了如此大的进步。
②每年,正是颐和园、故宫博物院和长城吸引着来自世界各地的大量游客来到北京。
③直到生病了我才意识到健康的重要性。
④人们都说:“桂林山水甲天下。”直到去了那里,我才发现它果然名不虚传。
人物个性、品质描写
1.responsible 负责任的
2.good-natured 本性善良的;友好的
3.talented 天资高的;有才能的
4.easy-going 悠闲的;随和的
5.innocent 无辜的
6.upright 正直的;诚实的;规矩的
7.warm-hearted 热心的
8.generous 慷慨的
9.humble 谦逊的
10.be of a determined character 性格果断
11.be optimistic and ambitious 乐观且有抱负的
1.Schubert was first an innocent and simple man and then a genius composer.
舒伯特首先是一个单纯、朴实的人,然后才是一位天才作曲家。
2.She is typical of the kind of girls who like smiling and are always optimistic.
她是典型的那种爱笑且总是乐观的女孩。
3.They showed great perseverance in the face of difficulty.
他们在面对困难时表现出了顽强的毅力。
1.他是一个非常负责任和热心的人,性格坚定。他总是尽自己最大的努力去履行自己的义务,帮助那些需要帮助的人,并且面对困难从不轻易放弃。
2.他是一个勤奋、善良、慷慨、乐观并且有抱负的人,总是努力实现自己的目标,同时给周围的人带来快乐。
课文二次开发利用
[教师备用]
课文语法填空
Henry Adams,who worked for a mining company in San Francisco,America,was sailing by boat.Towards night he found himself 1. (carry) out to sea by a strong wind.Luckily,the next morning,he 2. (spot) by a ship.It was the ship that brought Henry to England 3. accident.Henry went to the American consulate 4. (seek) help,but got refused.
One day,Henry 5. (walk) on the street when two rich brothers invited him into their big house,6. they asked him some questions.Henry answered them politely with great 7. (patient).Knowing Henry was very honest and poor in England,they were happy,which made Henry 8. (anger) and confused.They 9. (final) determined that Henry was the right person for their bet whether a poor man could live a month in London with a million-pound bank note.
The two brothers gave Henry a letter with money in it.They asked him not to open the letter 10. two o’clock.Henry left their house with some doubts and the letter.
语法专项指导
情态动词和过去将来时
一、情态动词
　　情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,本身不能单独作谓语,必须和动词原形连用,构成谓语动词。大部分情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化,但也有一些情态动词有相应的过去式,常见的有could(can的过去式)、would(will的过去式)、might(may的过去式)等。
1.can和could的用法
(1)表示“能力”。can表示现在的一般能力,could表示过去的一般能力。
(2023·全国乙卷) I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.
我经常早早离开,去寻找合适的目的地,这样我就可以早点准备好,避免错过我想要拍摄的那一刻。
He can use the computer skillfully now,but he couldn’t last year.
他现在能熟练使用电脑了,但去年他不会。
(2)表示推测,一般用于疑问句和否定句。
—Can the news be true
——这个消息可能是真实的吗
—It can’t be true.
——它不可能是真实的。
(3)表示可能性。用于肯定句,常译为“往往会;常常会;有时候可能会”。
Accidents can/could happen on rainy days.
车祸常会发生在雨天。
(4)表示请示、允许。口语中常用could代替can。could用于委婉地提出请求等,但回答时必须用can。
—Could I have a rest
——我能休息一下吗
—Yes,you can.
——是的,你可以。
(5)“cannot...too/enough”表示“无论……也不过分;越……越好”。
You cannot be too careful while driving.
你开车时越小心越好。
You cannot remember enough English words.
你记住的英语单词越多越好。
　　can与be able to的区别。
①can只能用于一般现在时,而be able to可用于更多的时态。
He will be able to tell you the news soon.
他很快就能告诉你这个消息。
②表示经过努力才具备的能力,只能用be able to。
I talked with her for a long time,and finally I was able to make her believe me.
我和她谈了很长时间,最终,我让她相信了我。
句子语法填空
①Samuel,the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books at the top of the shelf.
②By the time she was five,she read many English words accurately.
③You never know what you do till you try.
2.may和might的用法
(1)表示许可。might比may的语气更委婉。
You may use my bike.
你可以用我的自行车。
Might I have a look at your new computer
我可以看看你的新电脑吗
(2)表示推测,意为“可能”。may not表示一种不太确定的语气,意为“可能不”。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
你们的第一次见面可能会有点尴尬。
Lisa may not want to go on a trip—she doesn’t like travelling.
莉萨可能不想去旅行——她不喜欢旅游。
(3)may表示请求时,其否定回答常用mustn’t,表示“禁止”。
—May I use your car
——我可以用一下你的车吗
—No,you mustn’t.
——不行。
(委婉拒绝可用“Sorry,but I’m using it now.”或“You’d better not.”。)
(4)may 常用于祈使句中,表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
祝你成功!
May our friendship last forever!
愿我们的友谊天长地久!
　　“may/might as well+动词原形”意为“最好;倒不如……”。
Since it is raining hard,you may/might as well stay here.
既然雨下得这么大,你倒不如待在这儿。
句子语法填空
①You keep the book for two weeks.
②As her confidence grows,you well see a considerable change in her attitude.
③ I go fishing with you tomorrow
④ you pass the College Entrance Examination!
3.must的用法
(1)表示义务,意为“必须”(主观意志)。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)If you plan on working out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.
如果你打算在健身俱乐部锻炼,那个人一定是在同一个健身俱乐部锻炼的。
One must know how one object was made in order to preserve it.
为了保存一件物品,人们必须知道它是如何制作的。
(2)表示推测,意为“一定;必定”。
He must be ill.He looks so pale.
他一定是病了。他看起来脸色很苍白。
(3)表示质问或感彩,意为“非得;偏要”。
Must you make so much noise
你非得弄出这么多噪声吗
①回答以must开头的问句时,若是否定回答,需要用needn’t 或 don’t have to。
—Must we hand in our exercises today
——我们今天必须交上我们的练习吗
—Yes,you must.或No,you needn’t /you don’t have to.
——是的,必须今天交。/不,不必今天交。
②have to意为“必须;不得不”,意思与must很接近,但must表示主观意志,而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事,并且可用于更多的时态。
I work not because I have to,but because I want to.
我工作不是因为我不得不工作,而是因为我想工作。
We must promote our environmental awareness and behave ourselves.
我们必须提高我们的环保意识,并规范我们的行为。
翻译句子
①我必须在天黑之前完成任务。
②长途旅行后你一定很累。
③她妈妈生病了,她必须在家照顾她。
4.shall和should/ought to的用法
(1)shall的用法。
①用于第二、第三人称的陈述句中,表示命令、许诺、警告、强制、威胁等,此外,颁布法律、法规时也用shall。
You shall have a new bike for your birthday.
你会得到一辆新自行车作为生日礼物。
The new law shall come into effect next month.
新法将于下个月生效。
②用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。
Shall the man standing outside have a try
让站在外边的那个人试试
(2)should的用法。
①表示义务,常译为“应该”,用于各种人称。
Parents should take good care of their children.
父母应该照顾好他们的孩子。
②表示惊讶、意外等,常译为“竟然;居然”。
I am surprised that you should speak ill of me.
我很惊讶,你竟然说我坏话。
(3)ought to表示义务或责任,常译为“应当;想必会”,语气比should稍重。
You ought not to be late for such an important meeting.
你不应该在这么重要的会议上迟到。
　　should和ought to表示推测,指预期的可能性,意为“应该;估计”。
She promised to come by 10 o’clock.She should/ought to be here at any moment.
她答应10点之前来的。她随时都可能来到这里。
翻译句子
①今天下午你会得到答复的。
②旅行时,你必须带上你的身份证。
③我们应该尊重我们的老师和父母。
④游泳前你不应该吃太多。
5.will和would的用法
(1)表示意愿,用于各种人称的陈述句中。would常指过去的意愿。
If you want to read the book,I’ll give it to you.
如果你想读这本书,我可以给你。
I told her to stop crying,but she just wouldn’t listen.
我告诉她别哭,但是她不愿意听。
(2)表示请求,用于疑问句。would语气更委婉。
Will you close the window
请你关上窗户好吗
Would you ask them to wait outside
你可否请他们在外面等一等
(3)表示某种倾向或习惯性动作,常译为“总是;习惯于”。would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向,后面接表示动作的词,不能接表示状态的词。
Every morning he will have a walk along the river.
每天早晨,他总是沿着小河散步。
When my parents were away,my grandmother would take care of me.
在我的父母外出的时候,祖母总是照看我。
　　used to表示过去的习惯性动作或状态,强调现在已不存在。
He would sit in the park which used to be a factory reading for hours.
他常坐在过去是一个工厂的公园里读书,一读就是几个小时。
翻译句子
①我愿意尽我所能帮助你。
②她总是独自一个人在房间听音乐。
③请你帮我写一下这封电子邮件好吗
6.need和dare的用法
need和dare既可用作情态动词,也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时,主要用于否定句和疑问句。
—Need I come
——我需要来吗
—Yes,you must.
——是的,你必须来。
You needn’t telephone him now.
你现在不必打电话给他。
She dare not go out alone at night.
她晚上不敢一个人出去。
翻译句子
①我的窗户需要擦干净,我的车子需要冲洗。
②你昨天工作到很晚,今天早上你原本可以不来。
③她不敢把她的想法说出来。
二、过去将来时
过去将来时表示在过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用在主句谓语动词为过去时态的宾语从句中。过去将来时的句子中有时包含时间状语the next day、soon等。
1.过去将来时的基本构成和用法。
过去将来时由“would+动词原形”构成,主要表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态(主要用于宾语从句中)。
He said he would be here at 8 o’clock.
他说他将在8点到这里。
2.过去将来时的其他表达。
(1)“was/were going to+动词原形”结构,该结构有两个主要用法:一是表示过去的打算,二是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。
I thought it was going to rain.
我觉得天要下雨了。
(2)“was/were about to+动词原形”结构,表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作,由于本身已含有“即将”的意味,所以不再与表示具体的将来时间的状语连用。
I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.
我刚要上床睡觉,这时电话响了。
(3)“was/were to+动词原形”结构,主要表示过去按计划或者安排要做的事情。
She said she was to get married the next month.
她说她下个月要结婚。
(4)“was/were+现在分词”结构,表示在过去看来即将发生的动作,通常可用于该结构中的是come、go、leave、arrive、begin、start、stop、close、open、die等瞬间动词。
Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
杰克说他明天要离开。
翻译句子
①他一有时间就会看书。
②小时候,我总是和他一起玩。
③上周日,我们本想去游览长城,但却下雨了。
1.(2024·浙江1月卷) Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat,they (give) a second treat.
2.(2023·全国乙卷) She said she had felt confident all along that she (win).
Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空
1.—Can’t you stay a little longer
—It’s getting late.I really go now.My daughter is at home alone.
2.You feel all the training a waste of time,but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful for what you did.
3.Our teacher come to the party with us,but we are not sure.
4.You can keep the book for a month.After that you return it on time.
5.When he was young,he climb the small hill every morning.
6.You as well tell us now—we’ll find out sooner or later.
7.All passengers wear safety belts.
8.You be punished if you break the rules.
9. you tell me how to get to the shopping mall
10.If you go,at least wait until the storm is over.
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.看起来好像要下雨了。(be going to)
2.他告诉我他将去北京看望老师。(would do)
3.我正要开始做作业,这时电话响了。(be about to)
4.老师问李华长大后打算做什么。(be going to)
5.我不知道他是否要在会议上发言。(be going to)A lot of people think that money is everything.They work for money and they spend time thinking about how to earn more money.Money is of critical importance in gaining goods and services,and we can’t live without money. But money is not everything.There are many things in the world,which are beyond the means of money,such as friendship,love,health and knowledge.
Part 1　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.loan　　　　　　　 n.贷款;借款
2.purse n.(女士)钱包
3.consulate n.领事馆
4.bonus n.奖金;红利
5.opera n.歌剧
6.workshop n.车间,作坊
核心单词
1.scene n.(戏剧或歌剧的)场;现场;场面
2.spot vt.看见;注意到;发现
n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
3.client n.客户,顾客
4.hire v.(短期的)租用,租借;雇用
5.sort n.种类;类别
6.salary n.薪金,工资
7.postpone vt.延迟;延期;延缓
8.trend n.趋势,趋向,倾向
9.nowhere adv.无处;哪里都不
10.debt n.债务;欠款
11.hug vt.& vi.拥抱;抱紧
12.vision n.视野;视力
运用词汇
1.basis n.基础;根据;基点→base vt.以……为据点;以……为基础 n.底部;根据→based adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的→basic adj.基础的;基本的→basically adv.大体上;基本上
2.multiple adj.数量多的;多种多样的→multiply vi.& vt.乘以;迅速增加
3.apologise vi.道歉;谢罪→apology n.道歉;(因不能赴会或提前离会的)致歉→apologetic adj.道歉的
4.finance n.资金;财政;金融 vt.提供资金→financial adj.财政的,金融的→financially adv.财政上;经济上
5.judge vt.& vi.评价;评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员→judg(e)ment n.判决;看法;意见;判断力
6.distribute vt.分配;分散;分销→distribution n.分销,经销;分布→distributor n.经销商;批发商
7.servant n.仆人;用人→serve vi.& vt.(为……)工作,服务;端上(食物)→service n.服务;(对顾客的)接待
8.dedicate vt. 把……奉献给→dedicated adj.专用的;专注的→dedication n.奉献;献身
9.patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力→patient adj.有耐心的;能忍耐的 n.病人;患者→patiently adv.耐心地;有毅力地→impatient adj.没有耐心的
10.management n.经营;管理→manage vt.管理;经营;控制 vi.处理→manager n.经理;管理
人员
11.intention n.打算;计划;意图;目的→intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要→intended adj.为……打算(或设计)的
12.architect n.建筑师;设计师→architecture n.建筑学;建筑风格
13.pursue vt. 追求;致力于→pursuit n.追求;追逐
重点词块
1.on the basis of　　　　　 在某事的基础上;根据某事
2.rent out 租出
3.in return 作为回报;作为回应
4.pay off 付清;取得成功
5.as a matter of fact 事实上;其实;说真的
6.make ends meet 使收支相抵
7.by accident 偶然地;意外地
8.get into debt 陷入债务之中,负债
9.ought to 应该;应当
10.at the expense of 以……为代价
11.postpone doing sth 推迟做某事
12.in terms of 就……而言
13.in case 以防;以防万一;如果;假使
重点句型
1.他到家时发现钥匙不见了。(find复合结构)
He found his keys missing when he got home.
2.是因为天气不好,比赛才被取消的。(强调句型)
It was because of the bad weather that the game was cancelled.
3.她即将大学毕业,开始找工作。(be about to do...)
She is about to graduate from the university and starts looking for a job.
4.那就是他今天早上为什么上学迟到。(why引导表语从句)
That’s why he was late for school this morning.
[教师备用]
答案:1.bet　2.a mining company　3.spotted　4.England　5.envelope
(　　)1.Why did the two brothers ask Henry those questions
A.To find out how poor he was.
B.To make fun of him.
C.To help him.
D.To know what kind of work he could do.
(　　)2.How did Henry feel when he was asked about the money he had
A.Happy. B.Surprised. C.Nervous. D.Angry.
(　　)3.What can we infer from the passage
A.Henry will get a lot of money.
B.Henry is a very rich man.
C.The two brothers are really kind.
D.Henry will probably get a job.
(　　)4.Which of the following words can best describe Henry
A.Brave. B.Honest. C.Lazy. D.Shy.
答案:1.A　2.D　3.A　4.B
1.basis n.基础;根据;基点(复数为bases)
base vt.以……为据点;以……为基础n.底部;根据
based adj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的
basic adj.基础的;基本的
basically adv.大体上;基本上
Don’t evaluate a person on the basis of appearance.
不要以貌取人。
We’re going to be meeting there on a regular basis.
我们将定期在那里会面。
(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is in charge of the exhibition.
在展览的负责人屠宁宁看来,黑白棋子的移动反映了东方哲学的基本理念。
·on the basis of 在某事的基础上;根据某事 on a regular/daily/weekly basis 定期/每天/每周 ·base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上 be based on/upon...以……为基础/依据
(1)句子语法填空
①On the 　　　　of your　　　　needs,we will offer you unique tips on a regular　　　　.(base)
(2)一句多译
这部根据真实故事改编的电影吸引了全国各地的影迷的关注。
②The film,　 , attracts fans’ attention all over the country.(定语从句)
③The film,　 , attracts fans’ attention all over the country.(分词作状语)
答案:(1)①basis;basic;basis　(2)②which is based on a true story/which is on the basis of a true story　③based on a true story
On the basis of/Based on your current state of health,I strongly suggest that you (should) work out on a regular basis,and as a result,you should buy some basic fitness facilities.
基于你当前的健康状况,我强烈建议你定期锻炼身体,因此,你应该买一些基础的健身设备。
2.apologise (also apologize) vi.道歉;谢罪
apology n.道歉;(因不能赴会或提前离会的)致歉
I am writing this letter to apologise to you for the mistake I made in work.
我写这封信是为我在工作中犯的错误向你道歉。
I owe you an apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
我为周五下午不能和你一起去书店向你道歉。
·apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologise to sb that...向某人道歉…… ·make/offer an apology to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉 owe sb an apology for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而应向某人道歉 accept/refuse sb’s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉
(1)句子语法填空
①I took your notebook by mistake—I owe you 　　　　 apology.
②We all agreed that he should apologise 　　　　 his deskmate 　　　　 his bad behaviour.
(2)完成句子
③非常遗憾,我不能去机场接你了。我真希望你能接受我真诚的道歉。
Much to my regret,I am unable to pick you up at the airport.And I really hope 　 .
④我鼓起勇气,真诚地为我的不当行为向他道歉。
I gathered my courage,and sincerely 　　　　　　　　　　　　 my misconduct.
答案:(1)①an　②to;for　(2)③you can accept my sincere apology　④apologised to him for
I think I owe you an apology for the damage I have done to your bicycle,so now I apologise to you for my bad behaviour and I sincerely hope you can accept my apology and compensation.
我想我应该为我对你的自行车造成的损坏向你道歉,因此现在我为我的不良行为向你道歉,我真诚地希望你能接受我的道歉和赔偿。
3.in return 作为回报;作为回应(不接宾语)
He helped me,and I hoped that I would do something for him in return.
他帮助了我,我希望为他做点什么来报答他。
He wanted to do something in return for the kindness that she had offered him.
他想做点什么来酬谢她的好意。
The girls called out their own names in turn.
那些女孩儿逐一报出自己的名字。
·in return for...作为……的交换;作为……的报答 on/upon one’s return一回来(就……) a return ticket一张往返票 ·return to...回到…… return sth to sb 把某物归还某人 ·in turn 轮流;依次;反过来 by turns轮流;时而……时而…… in one’s turn轮到某人;依次
(1)句子语法填空
①Theory is based on practice and 　　　　 turn serves practice.
②If we smile at life,life will smile on us 　　　　 return.
(2)完成句子
③我非常感谢你的帮助,并且我希望有机会带你参观北京以报答你的好意。
I deeply appreciate your help and I hope to have the opportunity to show you around Beijing 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④她一回到家,两人久别重逢,心中都交织着喜悦与悲伤的复杂情感。
　　　　　　　　　　　,their reunion after a long separation brought mixed feelings of joy and sorrow to them both.
答案:(1)①in　②in　(2)③in return for your kindness　④On/Upon her return home
4.judge vt.& vi.评价;评判;判断
n.法官;审判员;裁判员
judg(e)ment n.判决;看法;意见;判断力
(2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance.
我们发现,仅仅根据外表来判断你吃的食物是否好吃是不明智的。
There were about 300 people in the meeting room as far as I could judge.
据我判断,这间会议室里大约有300人。
In my judg(e)ment,it is necessary to pay him a visit.
在我看来,有必要去拜访一下他。
·judge...from/by... 从……来判断…… judging from/by... 根据……判断;鉴于 as far as I can judge 据我判断;我认为 ·in one’s judg(e)ment 在某人看来 make a judg(e)ment on/about...对…… 作出判断/评价
　　“judging from/by...”置于句首作状语,不受主语的限制,构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有generally speaking(一般来说)、frankly speaking(坦白地说)、“considering...”(考虑到……)等。
(1)句子语法填空
①As the saying goes,“You can’t judge a book 　　　　 its cover.”
②　　　　 (judge) from Kelly’s study habits,the best way to study is the way that works for you.
③It is bad manners to make a 　　　　 (judge) on others in private.
(2)完成句子
④我写信是想邀请您担任我们学校6月10日举行的英语演讲比赛的评委。

at our English Speech Contest to be held in our school on 10 June.
⑤永远不要凭一眼判断人,因为真正的美来自内在。
　,
for true beauty comes from the inside.
答案:(1)①from/by　②Judging　③judg(e)ment
(2)④I’m writing to invite you to be a judge
⑤Never judge people at first glance/by their first look
Judging from what he said and what he did,he is a good judge.In his judg(e)ment,we shouldn’t make a judg(e)ment on others easily.
从他的言行来看,他是一名好法官。他认为,我们不应该轻易对他人作出评价。
5.scene n.(戏剧或歌剧的)场;现场;场面;景色
The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment.
电影开头的一场戏发生在纽约的一套公寓里。
She witnessed some very distressing scenes.
她目睹过一些非常令人痛苦的场面。
By the time I arrived on the scene,it had been all over.
我到达现场时,一切都已结束。
Music could also be helping you with many health problems behind the scenes.
音乐也可以在不知不觉中帮助你解决许多健康问题。
on the scene 在现场;当场 behind the scenes在幕后;秘密地 appear/come on the scene出场;登场
scene/scenery/sight/view
①scene 指某一处的自然风光,也指景象,动态或静态的场面。
②scenery (总称)自然景物,天然风光,是由多个scene构成的自然风景。
③sight 景象;风景;名胜。侧重值得看的事物和很可笑的事物;也指视力;眼界。
④view 景色;风景。侧重从人所处的角度(从远处或高处)所看到的景色。
　　scene 有“场景;场面;地点”的含义,后接定语从句,且关系词在定语从句中作状语时,一般用关系副词where或in which来引导。
(1)一词多义:写出下列句中scene的汉语释义
①I think that sunrise is a beautiful scene.　　　　　　　
②This is the scene of the accident which happened last Sunday.　　　　　　　
③The team’s victory produced scenes of joy all over the country.　　　　　　　
(2)语境选词填空(scene、sight、view、scenery)
④Guilin is famous for its beautiful 　　　　　　　　　.
⑤The 　　　　 is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.
⑥You can get a wonderful 　　　　 at the top of the tower.
⑦The flowers are a lovely 　　　　 in spring.
答案:(1)①景色　②现场　③场面　(2)④scenery
⑤scene　⑥view　⑦sight
6.spot vt.看见;注意到;发现
n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
spotted adj.有圆点的;有斑点的
(2023·全国乙卷)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
由于只在最佳观赏时刻前5分钟到达现场,我已错过很多美丽的日落或日出。
I spotted her sitting in the corner,sighing.
我发现她坐在角落里叹气。
·spot sb doing sth 看见/发现某人正在做某事 be spotted by... 被……发现;被……认出来 be spotted with...满是……斑点;被…… 点缀 ·on the spot=on the scene 当场;在现场;立即 a spot of 少量;一点
　　spot作“地点”讲,用作定语从句的先行词时,从句如果缺少状语则用where引导定语从句,从句如果缺少主语或宾语则用that或which引导定语从句。
(1)一词多义:写出下列句中spot的汉语释义
①Which has spots,the leopard or the tiger 　　　　　　　
②He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.　　　　　　　
③His jacket was covered with spots of mud.　　　　　　　
④I’ve just spotted a mistake on the front cover.　　　　　　　
(2)完成句子
⑤我们躺在草地上,凝视着繁星点点的夜空。
We lay on the grass,staring at the night sky 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑥看到北极熊向我们靠近,我们吓得呆若木鸡。
　,
we stood rooted to the spot with fear.
答案:(1)①斑点　②地点　③污渍　④发现
(2)⑤(which was) spotted with twinkling stars　⑥Spotting the polar bear approaching us
7.patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力
patient adj.有耐心的;能忍耐的 n.病人;患者
patiently adv.耐心地;有毅力地
impatient adj.没有耐心的
The doctor is very patient with his patients.
这位医生对他的病人很有耐心。
(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning.
照料植物是一个培养耐心和学习的过程。
·out of/with patience 没有耐心/耐心地 have the/no/little patience with sb 对某人有/没有/几乎没有耐心 have the patience to do sth 有耐心做某事 lose/run out of patience with sb对某人失去耐心 ·be patient with... 对……有耐心
(1)句子语法填空
①Being a 　　　　person,I can deal with many things with great　　　　,while my friend is 　　　　.(patience)
②What made him disappointed was that his parents had little patience 　　　　 him.
(2)完成句子
③她对学生通常很有耐心,从来不让他们失望。

and never made them disappointed.
④她给了我一个安慰的微笑,一边点头一边耐心地听着。
She gave me a comforting smile and nodded while 　　　　　　　　　　.
答案:(1)①patient;patience;impatient　②with
(2)③She was usually patient with her students
④listening patiently/with patience
She is very patient with her patients. Whenever they have trouble,she will take care of them with patience.She always says,“Treating them patiently makes me calm and content.”
她对病人很有耐心。每当他们有困难,她都会耐心地照顾他们。她总是说:“耐心地对待他们让我平静和满足。”
8.postpone vt.延迟;延期;延缓
The game has already been postponed three times.
这场比赛已经三度延期了。
Judging from the present situation,we’ll postpone carrying out the plan.
鉴于当下的情形,我们将推迟实施这个计划。
postpone doing sth=delay/put off doing sth推迟做某事 be postponed for+时间段 推迟……一段时间 be postponed to/until+时间点 推迟到……时候
(1)句子语法填空
①Let’s postpone 　　　　 (make) a decision until we have more information.
②It won’t hurt to postpone the matter 　　　　 a few days.
(2)完成句子
③由于天气不好,我们的校运动会已经被推迟到下周五。
Due to the bad weather,our school sports meeting
　　　　　　　　.
④梦想可能被推延,但你绝不能轻言放弃。
　,
but you must never give up easily.
答案:(1)①making　②for　(2)③has been postponed to/until next Friday　④Dreams can be postponed
9.in case 以防;以防万一;如果;假使
You’d better take the keys in case I’m out.
你最好带上钥匙以防我不在家。
I’ll be out for some time.In case anything important happens,call me up immediately.
我要外出一阵子。如果有什么重要的事情,立即给我打电话。
In no case should you leave your post.
在任何情况下你都不应该离开岗位。
in...case 在……情况下 in no case 决不(若置于句首,句子要用部分倒装) in case of 万一;假使 as is often the case 情况通常是这样;这是常有的事 in that case 既然那样;假使那样的话
①in case可用作连词,引导从句,也可以单独使用,常位于句末,相当于一个副词。
②当case作先行词且在定语从句中作状语时,要用where引导定语从句。
(1)句子语法填空
①In case 　　　　 fire,walk quickly to the nearest door.
②　　　　 no case should the students be prevented from exploring new things.
③Take an umbrella with you 　　　　 case it rains.
(2)完成句子
④应该给予孩子们足够的空间,假使那样的话,他们会得到更多生活经历。
Enough space should be given to the kids;　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑤就像其他老人一样,我祖父也喜欢谈论过去的美好时光。
　,
my grandfather is also fond of talking about good old days.
答案:(1)①of　②In　③in　(2)④in that case,they will get more life experiences　⑤As is often the case with old people
10.intention n.打算;计划;意图;目的
intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要
intended adj.为……打算(或设计)的
This programme was set up with the intention of providing help for homeless people.
设立这个项目是为了帮助无家可归者。
The headmaster intended Jim to deliver a speech in front of the whole school.
校长打算让吉姆在全校师生面前发表演讲。
We intend getting/to get married next year.
我们打算明年结婚。
Mother’s Day is coming.I will make a card which is intended for my mother.
母亲节快到了,我将专门为妈妈制作一张贺卡。
·with the intention of 带着……的目的;有……的意图 ·intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事 intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth=intended to have done sth过去本打算做某事(但事实上没做) ·be intended for...为……准备/打算的 be intended to do sth 打算做某事
(1)句子语法填空
①To tell the truth,I have no　　　　(intend) to tell him the news.
②His father intended him　　　　(join) the army after graduation.
(2)完成句子
③这本给10岁以下的孩子的书是用简单的英语写的。
The book,　 , is written in simple English.
④我本打算昨天去参加你的晚会的,但有个不速之客拜访了我。
　,
but an unexpected guest visited me.
答案:(1)①intention　②to join　(2)③(which is) intended for children under 10　④I had intended to go to your party yesterday/I intended to have gone to your party yesterday
强调句型
It was Mary that/who offered us a lot of help.
是玛丽给我们提供了很多帮助。
It was when we were returning home that I realised what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
当我们回家的时候,我意识到帮助了有困难的人感觉真好。
Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognised.
巴赫于1750年去世,但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐才能才完全被认可。
Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry
史密斯先生是不是因为杰克上学迟到才生气的
　　强调句的判别方式如下所示。
把一个句子中的It is /was及that /who去掉,句中剩余部分依然能组合成一个完整的句子,这个句子就是强调句;否则,就不是强调句。
①It is in this house that he lives.
他就住在这所房子里。
去掉It is和that后,句中剩余部分能组成一个完整的句子 → He lives in this house.故句①是强调句。
②It is the fact that he has done his best.
事实上,他倾尽全力了。
去掉It is和that后,句中剩余部分无法组成一个完整的句子。故句②不是强调句。
翻译句子
①正是老师的鼓励才使我取得了如此大的进步。
②每年,正是颐和园、故宫博物院和长城吸引着来自世界各地的大量游客来到北京。
③直到生病了我才意识到健康的重要性。
④人们都说:“桂林山水甲天下。”直到去了那里,我才发现它果然名不虚传。
答案:①It is the teacher’s encouragement that has helped me make such great progress.
②It is the Summer Palace,the Palace Museum and the Great Wall that attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year to Beijing.
③It was not until I fell ill that I realised the importance of health.
④People say,“East or west,Guilin landscape is best.” It was not until I visited the place that I found it really worthy of the reputation.
人物个性、品质描写
1.responsible 负责任的
2.good-natured 本性善良的;友好的
3.talented 天资高的;有才能的
4.easy-going 悠闲的;随和的
5.innocent 无辜的
6.upright 正直的;诚实的;规矩的
7.warm-hearted 热心的
8.generous 慷慨的
9.humble 谦逊的
10.be of a determined character 性格果断
11.be optimistic and ambitious 乐观且有抱负的
1.Schubert was first an innocent and simple man and then a genius composer.
舒伯特首先是一个单纯、朴实的人,然后才是一位天才作曲家。
2.She is typical of the kind of girls who like smiling and are always optimistic.
她是典型的那种爱笑且总是乐观的女孩。
3.They showed great perseverance in the face of difficulty.
他们在面对困难时表现出了顽强的毅力。
1.他是一个非常负责任和热心的人,性格坚定。他总是尽自己最大的努力去履行自己的义务,帮助那些需要帮助的人,并且面对困难从不轻易放弃。
2.他是一个勤奋、善良、慷慨、乐观并且有抱负的人,总是努力实现自己的目标,同时给周围的人带来快乐。
答案:1.He is a very responsible and warm-hearted person with a determined character.He always tries his best to fulfill his obligations and help those in need,and never gives up easily when faced with difficulties.
2.He is a hard-working,good-natured,generous,optimistic and ambitious person,who always makes an effort to achieve his goals while bringing joy to those around him.
课文二次开发利用
[教师备用]
课文语法填空
Henry Adams,who worked for a mining company in San Francisco,America,was sailing by boat.Towards night he found himself 1.　　　　 (carry) out to sea by a strong wind.Luckily,the next morning,he 2.　　　　 (spot) by a ship.It was the ship that brought Henry to England 3.　　　　 accident.Henry went to the American consulate 4.　　　　 (seek) help,but got refused.
One day,Henry 5.　　　　 (walk) on the street when two rich brothers invited him into their big house,6.　　　　 they asked him some questions.Henry answered them politely with great 7.　　　　 (patient).Knowing Henry was very honest and poor in England,they were happy,which made Henry 8.　　　　 (anger) and confused.They 9.　　　　 (final) determined that Henry was the right person for their bet whether a poor man could live a month in London with a million-pound bank note.
The two brothers gave Henry a letter with money in it.They asked him not to open the letter 10.　　　　 two o’clock.Henry left their house with some doubts and the letter.
答案:1.carried　2.was spotted　3.by　4.to seek　5.was walking　6.where　7.patience　8.angry 9.finally　10.until
语法专项指导
情态动词和过去将来时
一、情态动词
　　情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,本身不能单独作谓语,必须和动词原形连用,构成谓语动词。大部分情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化,但也有一些情态动词有相应的过去式,常见的有could(can的过去式)、would(will的过去式)、might(may的过去式)等。
1.can和could的用法
(1)表示“能力”。can表示现在的一般能力,could表示过去的一般能力。
(2023·全国乙卷) I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.
我经常早早离开,去寻找合适的目的地,这样我就可以早点准备好,避免错过我想要拍摄的那一刻。
He can use the computer skillfully now,but he couldn’t last year.
他现在能熟练使用电脑了,但去年他不会。
(2)表示推测,一般用于疑问句和否定句。
—Can the news be true
——这个消息可能是真实的吗
—It can’t be true.
——它不可能是真实的。
(3)表示可能性。用于肯定句,常译为“往往会;常常会;有时候可能会”。
Accidents can/could happen on rainy days.
车祸常会发生在雨天。
(4)表示请示、允许。口语中常用could代替can。could用于委婉地提出请求等,但回答时必须用can。
—Could I have a rest
——我能休息一下吗
—Yes,you can.
——是的,你可以。
(5)“cannot...too/enough”表示“无论……也不过分;越……越好”。
You cannot be too careful while driving.
你开车时越小心越好。
You cannot remember enough English words.
你记住的英语单词越多越好。
　　can与be able to的区别。
①can只能用于一般现在时,而be able to可用于更多的时态。
He will be able to tell you the news soon.
他很快就能告诉你这个消息。
②表示经过努力才具备的能力,只能用be able to。
I talked with her for a long time,and finally I was able to make her believe me.
我和她谈了很长时间,最终,我让她相信了我。
句子语法填空
①Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,　　　　 easily reach the books at the top of the shelf.
②By the time she was five,she 　　　　 read many English words accurately.
③You never know what you 　　　　 do till you try.
答案:①can　②could　③can
2.may和might的用法
(1)表示许可。might比may的语气更委婉。
You may use my bike.
你可以用我的自行车。
Might I have a look at your new computer
我可以看看你的新电脑吗
(2)表示推测,意为“可能”。may not表示一种不太确定的语气,意为“可能不”。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
你们的第一次见面可能会有点尴尬。
Lisa may not want to go on a trip—she doesn’t like travelling.
莉萨可能不想去旅行——她不喜欢旅游。
(3)may表示请求时,其否定回答常用mustn’t,表示“禁止”。
—May I use your car
——我可以用一下你的车吗
—No,you mustn’t.
——不行。
(委婉拒绝可用“Sorry,but I’m using it now.”或“You’d better not.”。)
(4)may 常用于祈使句中,表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
祝你成功!
May our friendship last forever!
愿我们的友谊天长地久!
　　“may/might as well+动词原形”意为“最好;倒不如……”。
Since it is raining hard,you may/might as well stay here.
既然雨下得这么大,你倒不如待在这儿。
句子语法填空
①You 　　　　 keep the book for two weeks.
②As her confidence grows,you 　　　　 well see a considerable change in her attitude.
③　　　　 I go fishing with you tomorrow
④　　　　you pass the College Entrance Examination!
答案:①may　②may　③Might/May　④May
3.must的用法
(1)表示义务,意为“必须”(主观意志)。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)If you plan on working out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.
如果你打算在健身俱乐部锻炼,那个人一定是在同一个健身俱乐部锻炼的。
One must know how one object was made in order to preserve it.
为了保存一件物品,人们必须知道它是如何制作的。
(2)表示推测,意为“一定;必定”。
He must be ill.He looks so pale.
他一定是病了。他看起来脸色很苍白。
(3)表示质问或感彩,意为“非得;偏要”。
Must you make so much noise
你非得弄出这么多噪声吗
①回答以must开头的问句时,若是否定回答,需要用needn’t 或 don’t have to。
—Must we hand in our exercises today
——我们今天必须交上我们的练习吗
—Yes,you must.或No,you needn’t /you don’t have to.
——是的,必须今天交。/不,不必今天交。
②have to意为“必须;不得不”,意思与must很接近,但must表示主观意志,而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事,并且可用于更多的时态。
I work not because I have to,but because I want to.
我工作不是因为我不得不工作,而是因为我想工作。
We must promote our environmental awareness and behave ourselves.
我们必须提高我们的环保意识,并规范我们的行为。
翻译句子
①我必须在天黑之前完成任务。
②长途旅行后你一定很累。
③她妈妈生病了,她必须在家照顾她。
答案:①I must finish the task before dark.　②You must be very tired after a long journey.　③Her mother was ill and she had to stay at home to look after her.
4.shall和should/ought to的用法
(1)shall的用法。
①用于第二、第三人称的陈述句中,表示命令、许诺、警告、强制、威胁等,此外,颁布法律、法规时也用shall。
You shall have a new bike for your birthday.
你会得到一辆新自行车作为生日礼物。
The new law shall come into effect next month.
新法将于下个月生效。
②用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。
Shall the man standing outside have a try
让站在外边的那个人试试
(2)should的用法。
①表示义务,常译为“应该”,用于各种人称。
Parents should take good care of their children.
父母应该照顾好他们的孩子。
②表示惊讶、意外等,常译为“竟然;居然”。
I am surprised that you should speak ill of me.
我很惊讶,你竟然说我坏话。
(3)ought to表示义务或责任,常译为“应当;想必会”,语气比should稍重。
You ought not to be late for such an important meeting.
你不应该在这么重要的会议上迟到。
　　should和ought to表示推测,指预期的可能性,意为“应该;估计”。
She promised to come by 10 o’clock.She should/ought to be here at any moment.
她答应10点之前来的。她随时都可能来到这里。
翻译句子
①今天下午你会得到答复的。
②旅行时,你必须带上你的身份证。
③我们应该尊重我们的老师和父母。
④游泳前你不应该吃太多。
答案:①You shall get the answer right this afternoon.
②You shall carry your identification card when travelling.　③We should respect our teachers and parents.　④You ought not to eat a lot before swimming.
5.will和would的用法
(1)表示意愿,用于各种人称的陈述句中。would常指过去的意愿。
If you want to read the book,I’ll give it to you.
如果你想读这本书,我可以给你。
I told her to stop crying,but she just wouldn’t listen.
我告诉她别哭,但是她不愿意听。
(2)表示请求,用于疑问句。would语气更委婉。
Will you close the window
请你关上窗户好吗
Would you ask them to wait outside
你可否请他们在外面等一等
(3)表示某种倾向或习惯性动作,常译为“总是;习惯于”。would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向,后面接表示动作的词,不能接表示状态的词。
Every morning he will have a walk along the river.
每天早晨,他总是沿着小河散步。
When my parents were away,my grandmother would take care of me.
在我的父母外出的时候,祖母总是照看我。
　　used to表示过去的习惯性动作或状态,强调现在已不存在。
He would sit in the park which used to be a factory reading for hours.
他常坐在过去是一个工厂的公园里读书,一读就是几个小时。
翻译句子
①我愿意尽我所能帮助你。
②她总是独自一个人在房间听音乐。
③请你帮我写一下这封电子邮件好吗
答案:①I will do everything in my power to help you.
②She will listen to music alone in her room.
③Would you please help me write this email
6.need和dare的用法
need和dare既可用作情态动词,也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时,主要用于否定句和疑问句。
—Need I come
——我需要来吗
—Yes,you must.
——是的,你必须来。
You needn’t telephone him now.
你现在不必打电话给他。
She dare not go out alone at night.
她晚上不敢一个人出去。
翻译句子
①我的窗户需要擦干净,我的车子需要冲洗。
②你昨天工作到很晚,今天早上你原本可以不来。
③她不敢把她的想法说出来。
答案:①My windows need cleaning/need to be cleaned and my car needs washing/needs to be washed.　②As you worked late yesterday,you needn’t have come this morning.　③She dare not say what she thinks.
二、过去将来时
过去将来时表示在过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用在主句谓语动词为过去时态的宾语从句中。过去将来时的句子中有时包含时间状语the next day、soon等。
1.过去将来时的基本构成和用法。
过去将来时由“would+动词原形”构成,主要表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态(主要用于宾语从句中)。
He said he would be here at 8 o’clock.
他说他将在8点到这里。
2.过去将来时的其他表达。
(1)“was/were going to+动词原形”结构,该结构有两个主要用法:一是表示过去的打算,二是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。
I thought it was going to rain.
我觉得天要下雨了。
(2)“was/were about to+动词原形”结构,表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作,由于本身已含有“即将”的意味,所以不再与表示具体的将来时间的状语连用。
I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.
我刚要上床睡觉,这时电话响了。
(3)“was/were to+动词原形”结构,主要表示过去按计划或者安排要做的事情。
She said she was to get married the next month.
她说她下个月要结婚。
(4)“was/were+现在分词”结构,表示在过去看来即将发生的动作,通常可用于该结构中的是come、go、leave、arrive、begin、start、stop、close、open、die等瞬间动词。
Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
杰克说他明天要离开。
翻译句子
①他一有时间就会看书。
②小时候,我总是和他一起玩。
③上周日,我们本想去游览长城,但却下雨了。
答案:①Whenever he had time,he would do some reading.　②I would play with him when I was a child.　③Last Sunday,we were going to visit the Great Wall,but it rained.
1.(2024·浙江1月卷) Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat,they 　　　　 (give) a second treat.
2.(2023·全国乙卷) She said she had felt confident all along that she 　　　　 (win).
答案及剖析:
1.would be given　考查过去将来时。在宾语从句中,if引导的条件状语从句使用了一般过去时,表示对过去情况的假设,那么主句应该使用过去将来时,即“would +动词原形”。同时,they与 give之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填would be given。
2.would win　考查过去将来时。主句的时态是一般过去时,从句表示的是从过去的角度看将来会发生的事情,所以应该使用过去将来时,即“would+动词原形”。故填would win。
Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空
1.—Can’t you stay a little longer
—It’s getting late.I really 　　　　 go now.My daughter is at home alone.
2.You 　　　　 feel all the training a waste of time,but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful for what you did.
3.Our teacher 　　　　 come to the party with us,but we are not sure.
4.You can keep the book for a month.After that you 　　　　 return it on time.
5.When he was young,he 　　　　 climb the small hill every morning.
6.You 　　　　 as well tell us now—we’ll find out sooner or later.
7.All passengers 　　　　 wear safety belts.
8.You 　　　　 be punished if you break the rules.
9.　　　　 you tell me how to get to the shopping mall
10.If you 　　　　 go,at least wait until the storm is over.
答案:1.must　2.may　3.may　4.must　5.would
6.may/might　7.must　8.shall　9.Would/Could
10.must
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.看起来好像要下雨了。(be going to)
2.他告诉我他将去北京看望老师。(would do)
3.我正要开始做作业,这时电话响了。(be about to)
4.老师问李华长大后打算做什么。(be going to)
5.我不知道他是否要在会议上发言。(be going to)
答案:1.It seemed as if it was going to rain.
2.He told me that he would go to Beijing to visit his teacher.
3.I was about to start doing my homework when the phone rang.
4.The teacher asked Li Hua what he was going to do when he grew up.
5.I didn’t know whether he was going to speak at the meeting.

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