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Unit4 The Wonders of Nature
Section A What is amazing about nature
(2a-2d)
听说课公开课
单元主题范畴：人与自然
单元主题内容：自然景观、自然现象、生态保护；自然世界及其价值
(2024新版)人教版 八年级(下册)
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Learning Objectives
1.通过观看视频和图片，能够正确地回答问题，能够说出海洋底部的情形和特点。（学习理解）
2.通过听力联系，能够正确获取海洋底部真实情况的核心信息。通过完成听力选择、完成表格填空、听力填空等练习，能够确定询问、介绍深海信息的角度与具体内容，形成围绕深海话题问答的清晰思路；分析文本结构，梳理出深海探索相关事实的内容要点。(学习理解，应用实践)
3.提炼听力与对话中关于深海探索的核心句型与表达方式，并能在口语和书面任务中灵活运用；结合中国深潜器的相关内容，说出 1-2 项我国深海探索成就，增强民族自豪感，并提出 1-2 条保护深海的具体建议。(迁移创新)
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Watch and say
Let’s enjoy some natural wonders of the world.
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Think and say
What world’s greatest wonders can you see in the video？
Do you remember the name of these natural wonders
What do you think of them
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Look and say
Have you read this book
Twenty Thousand Leagues
Under the Sea
What do you know about the deep sea
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Watch and learn
What do you know about the Mariana Trench
Do you want to know what the seabed is like
Let’s explore the deep ocean together!
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Watch and learn
What do you know about the deep sea Let’s follow them to explore.
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Look and share
amazing fish
What do you know about the deep sea
huge pressure
submarines can reach
cold
dark
/ s bm rinz/ 潜水艇
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Watch and learn
Name: Fendouzhe
China’s deep-sea submersible
Achievement: set a new record for China’s deep-sea diving.
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Look and complete
What do you know about the deep sea Complete the sentences with information from the picture.
2a
/depθ/ n. 深（度）；纵深
/da v/ v. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲
D. 10,909 metres
A.200 metres
C. 3,800 metres
B. over 2,000
metres
A
B
C
D
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Look and say
The deep sea begins at 200 metres.
What are so unusual about thes two fishes
un + usual
It can create
light.
It can’t see.
It is blind.
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Look and say
How amazing and wonderful
the ocean is!
Curiosity pushes humans to research
so many unusual mysteries...
A strong wish to know or learn something.
Today's Topic:
Deep-sea Researcher Interview
Let's learn about the deep sea through an interview!
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What do you want to ask this deep-sea researcher
Which Chinese submersible dived deeper in the water than many others
Look and say
/s b m s bl/ v. 潜水艇
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Listen and tick
2b
A class is asking a deep-sea researcher some questions after his talk. Listen and tick the topics they discuss.
where the deep sea begins
why people are researching the deep sea
which Chinese submersible dived deeper in the water than many others
what deep-sea animals are like
how everyone should protect the deep sea
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Listen and complete
Listen again. Complete the sentences with the facts from
the conversation.
2c
1. People still don’t know much about the .
2. In , China’s Fendouzhe dived into the deep sea and filmed it.
3. Some animals have unusual abilities. Some are but can “sea”. Some can even create their own .
4. There is rubbish even at metres deep.
2020
ocean floor
blind
light
11,000
/ n ju u l/ adj. 特别的；不寻常的
Listening tip:
Listen for question words: where, why, which, what, how
Listen for names: Fenoduzhe (a Chinese submersible)
Listen for numbers: depths, years
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Listen and fill
Listen to the conversation again and fill in the blanks.
2c
Name Question Answer
Emma Why are people researching the deep sea _________ is one reason.
Fu Xing What are deep-sea animals like Many are _______ and ________. Some are blind. Some even _______ their own light!
Peter Are there any other ________________ about the deep sea There’s _________ even at 11,000 metres deep.
Curiosity
large
unusual
rubbish
surprising facts
create
Presentation
Listen and fill
Listen to the conversation onve more and fill in the blanks.
Ms Gao: Thank you for the wonderful talk, Mr Jones. Now, does anyone have any questions
Emma: I do! Why are so many countries
Mr Jones: Well, curiosity is one reason. We don't know enough about the ocean floor.
Fu Xing: I remember that in 2020, China's Fendouzhe the Mariana Trench than many other submersibles in the world and filmed it. But I didn't see any deep-sea animals. What are they like
Mr Jones: Well, many deep-sea animals are . Some animals are
blind, but they can "see" as well as others. Some even create their own light!
Peter: Cool! Are there any other surprising facts about the deep sea
Mr Jones: Did you know that there's even at 11,000 That
many people.
Ms Gao: That's terrible! We should do something about it.
Mr Jones: You're right!
researching the deep sea
dived deeper into
large and unusual
rubbish
metres deep
shocked
形容词/副词比较级 + than，表示“比……更……”
many other 表示“许多其他的”，强调对比
any other + 名词复数，表示“还有其他……吗？”
as well as 表示“和……一样好”
Presentation
Listen and imitate
Ms Gao: Thank you for the wonderful talk, Mr Jones. Now, does anyone have any questions
Emma: I do! Why are so many countries researching the deep sea
Mr Jones: Well, curiosity is one reason. We don't know enough about the ocean floor.
Fu Xing: I remember that in 2020, China's Fendouzhe dived deeper into the
Mariana Trench than many other submersibles in the world and filmed it. But I didn't see any deep-sea animals. What are they like
Mr Jones: Well, many deep-sea animals are large and unusual. Some animals are
blind, but they can "see" as well as others. Some even create their own light!
Peter: Cool! Are there any other surprising facts about the deep sea
Mr Jones: Did you know that there's rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep That shocked many people.
Ms Gao: That's terrible! We should do something about it.
Mr Jones: You're right!
How does Fu Xing feel when he talks about China's Fendouzhe
Proud
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Watch and learn
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Read and fill
Read the conversation and fill in the blanks.
Ms Gao: Thank you for the , Mr Jones. Now, does anyone have any questions
Emma: I do! Why are so many countries researching the
Mr Jones: Well, . We don't know enough about the
.
Fu Xing: I remember that in 2020, China's Fendouzhe deeper into the Mariana Trench than many other in the world and it. But I didn't see any deep-sea animals. What are they like
Mr Jones: Well, many deep-sea animals are large and . Some animals are blind, but they can "see" others. Some even their own light!
Peter: Cool! Are there any other about the deep sea
Mr Jones: Did you know that there's even at 11,000 metres deep That
many people.
Ms Gao: That's ! We should do something about it.
Mr Jones: You're right!
wonderful talk
deep sea
curiosity is one reason
ocean floor
dived
submersibles
filmed
unusual
as well as
create
surprising facts
rubbish
shocked
terrible
精彩的演讲
深海
好奇心是原因之一
海底
下潜
潜水器
拍摄
不寻常的
和…… 一样好
创造
令人惊讶的事实
垃圾
使震惊
糟糕的
Presentation
Read and think
Ms Gao: Thank you for the wonderful talk, Mr Jones. Now, does anyone have any questions
Emma: I do! Why are so many countries researching the deep sea
Mr Jones: Well, curiosity is one reason. We don't know enough about the ocean floor.
Fu Xing: I remember that in 2020, China's Fendouzhe dived deeper into the Mariana Trench than many other submersibles in the world and filmed it. But I didn't see any deep-sea animals. What are they like
Mr Jones: Well, many deep-sea animals are large and unusual. Some animals are blind, but they can "see" as well as others. Some even create their own light!
Peter: Cool! Are there any other surprising facts about the deep sea
Mr Jones: Did you know that there's rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep That shocked many people.
Ms Gao: That's terrible! We should do something about it.
Mr Jones: You're right!
What surprising facts do you learn
Some animals are blind, but they can "see" as well as others. Some even create their own light!
There's rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep!
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Watch and follow
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Read and analyze
Ms Gao: Thank you for the wonderful talk, Mr Jones. Now, does anyone have any questions
Emma: I do! Why are so many countries researching the deep sea
Mr Jones: Well, curiosity is one reason. We don't know enough about the ocean floor.
Fu Xing: I remember that in 2020, China's Fendouzhe dived deeper into the Mariana Trench than many other submersibles in the world and filmed it. But I didn't see any deep-sea animals. What are they like
Mr Jones: Well, many deep-sea animals are large and unusual. Some animals are blind, but they can "see" as well as others. Some even create their own light!
Peter: Cool! Are there any other surprising facts about the deep sea
Mr Jones: Did you know that there's rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep That shocked many people.
Ms Gao: That's terrible! We should do something about it.
Mr Jones: You're right!
Topics
Answers
Presentation
Think and share
How do you feel when you learn about Fendouzhe's achievements
I feel very proud of China,it shows China's strong technology.
Better China,
better world
Further thinking
Did you know that there's rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep That shocked many people.We should do something about it.
What can we do to protect the deep sea
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Watch and say
What can we do to protect the sea
We can stop throwing rubbish into the sea.
We can learn more about the ocean to tell others how to protect them.
We can tell our friends and family to protect the ocean.
We should use fewer plastic bags and bottles to stop water pollution.
We must take care of the beaches and pick up litter.
Every small action can make a big difference!Let’s protect nature together and make our world better!
To save the earth
is to save ourselves!
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Ask and answer
2d
Read the questions and think of more you would like to ask the deep-sea researcher. Research the answers. Then ask and answer the questions with a partner.
What is the largest shark in the deep sea
What is the bottom of the deep sea like
Why is it important to research the deep sea
/ b t m/ n. 底部
What is the largest shark in the deep sea
I think it's the whale shark
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Look and say
What is the largest shark in the deep sea
深海中最大的鲨鱼是鲸鲨，它也是现存世界上最大的鱼类，最大个体体长可达 18.8 米，体重超 30 吨。
The whale shark is the largest shark in the deep sea.
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Look and say
What is the bottom of the deep sea like
It’s dark, quiet and cold. There are strange rocks and unusual animals.
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Look and say
Why is it important to research the deep sea
We can learn more about the ocean and sea animals.
It helps us know more about nature and protect the sea better.
We can find new resources and learn surprising facts about the deep sea
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2d
Read the questions and think of more you would like to ask the deep-sea researcher. Research the answers. Then ask and answer the questions with a partner.
Ask and answer
These words or phrases may help you.
whale shark（鲸鲨）
slow-moving（移动缓慢的）
up to 12 meters long（长达 12 米）
dark（黑暗的）
cold（寒冷的）
high pressure（高压）
strange creatures（奇特生物）
no sunlight（没有阳光）
discover new species understand climate change
（发现新物种） （了解气候变化）
find natural resources protect sea animals
（寻找自然资源） （保护海洋动物）
learn about Earth’s history develop new technology
（了解地球历史） （发展新技术）
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2d
Read the questions and think of more you would like to ask the deep-sea researcher. Research the answers. Then ask and answer the questions with a partner.
Ask and answer
An example
A: What is the largest shark in the deep sea
B: I think it’s the whale shark.
A: Do you know how large it is
B: It can grow up to about 10 to 20 metres in length.
A: What is the bottom of the deep sea like
B: It is dark, freezing, and has high pressure. There are also
many unique creatures.
A: Why is it important to research the deep sea
B: Because the deep sea has unique species for research, holds important resources, and can help control our climate.
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Class test
1. Mount Qomolangma is _______ mountain in the world.
A. high B. higher C. the highest D. tallest
2. The Dead Sea is 416 metres _______ sea level.
A. below B. under C. on D. in
3. They _______ many photos in the deep sea last year.
A. take B. took C. takes D. are taking
4. It’s important _______ the deep sea.
A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learns
5. We don’t know much _______ the ocean floor.
A. about B. with C. for D. at
一、单项选择
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Class test
Mount Qomolangma is the (high) mountain in the world.
We were all (shock) to hear that there is rubbish at the bottom of the ocean.
The (deep) of the Mariana Trench is about 11,000 metres.
Curiosity is one of the (reason) why people explore the deep sea.
Many deep-sea animals look (usual) and have special abilities.
highest
shocked
depth
reasons
unusual
二、用单词的适当形式填空
Presentation
You must:
Write a paragraph of the amazing facts you learned in the class.
You can:
Search for more information about the wonders and nature and get ready to share.
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Unit 4 Section A2a-2d语言点精讲精练
I．语言点精讲
1.What other vessels dived to the bottom of the ocean
还有哪些潜水器潜入过海底
(at) the bottom of：在…… 的底部
from top to bottom：从上到下；彻底地
from the bottom of one's heart：由衷地，从心底里
他们花了六个小时才到达山脚下。
It took them six hours to reach the bottom of the mountain.
池塘底部有一条鱼。
There is a fish at the bottom of the pool.
2.It's important to research the deep sea. 研究深海是很重要的。
做某事是…… 的（形式主语结构）
It 是形式主语，to do sth. 是真正主语。
例句：It's useful to learn English well.
important adj. 重要的
常用搭配：be important to… 对…… 重要
research v. 研究；调查
常用短语：research the deep sea 研究深海
the deep sea 深海，固定名词短语
3. In 2020, China's Fendouzhe dived into the deep sea and filmed it.
2020年，中国的“奋斗者”号潜入深海并进行了拍摄。
1)in 2020：介词in的用法，后接年份，表示“在某一年”，注意年份前不用冠词。
2)China's Fendouzhe：名词所有格用法，China's 表示“中国的”，用于名词前，说明所属关系；Fendouzhe 为专有名词（奋斗者号），首字母大写。
3)dive v. 潜水；下潜
过去式：dived / dove（本课语境用过去式，表过去发生的动作）
常用短语：dive into the deep sea 潜入深海
4)film v. 拍摄；把……拍成电影（本课为动词用法，区别于其名词“电影”含义）
常用短语：film the deep sea 拍摄深海
4. I remember that in 2020, China's Fendouzhe dived deeper into the Mariana Trench than many other submersibles in the world and filmed it.
I remember that… 宾语从句
that 引导宾语从句，作 remember 的宾语，口语中可省略。
结构：主语 + remember (that) + 陈述句
比较级 + than + many other + 复数名词
结构：比较级 + than + many other + 名词复数
含义：比许多其他的…… 更……
例句：It runs faster than many other animals.
它跑得比许多其他动物更快。
用法：用于同一范围内的事物之间进行比较
5.What other vessels dived to the bottom of the ocean
有哪些潜水器潜入过海底
1)What other + 可数名词复数，表示“还有哪些……”，用于对同类事物的进一步询问。 含义：询问“还有哪些深潜器潜入过海底？”。
2) dived to...：dive的过去式dived（或dove）+ 介词to，构成“潜入到……（地点）”，to后接具体的地点名词（此处the bottom of the ocean为地点）。
3) the bottom of the ocean：海底，固定名词短语；bottom n. 底部，常用搭配：
(at) the bottom of(在)......的底部
from top to bottom从上到下；彻底地
from the bottom of one's heart由衷地，从心底里
6.What other natural wonders do you know
wonder 在此处作可数名词，意为“（自然/人造）奇观”
e.g. The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world.
（长城是世界奇观之一。）
wonder 还可以作不可数名词，意为“惊讶；疑惑”
e.g. The children looked at the magician in wonder.
（孩子们惊奇地看着魔术师。）
no wonder：难怪；不足为奇
wonder 还可以作动词，意为“想知道；好奇；疑惑”
7.Its surface is 416 metres below sea level.
below 作介词时，强调 “位置、数值、等级等处于另一事物的下方或更低水平”，不强调 “垂直正下方”（对应的反义词为above） 。也可用于抽象概念（如温度、排名、标准）
below sea level 意为“低于海平面”
e.g. The Dead Sea is one of the few places on Earth that is below sea level.（死海是地球上少数几个低于海平面的地方之一。）
The river below the bridge is very clear.
（桥下面的那条河很清澈。）
II．语言点精练
一、单词默写。
1. ______ /da v/v. & n. 潜水；跳水 2. ______ /r s t /v. & n. 研究；调查
3. ______ /di p/adj. 深的 4.______ / n ju u l/adj. 特别的；不寻常的
5. ______ / b t m/n. 底部 6. ______ / n/n. 海洋
7. ______ / kri t (r)/n. 生物 8. ______ / r b /n. 垃圾
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. He jumped the ________ (far) among all the students in the sports meeting.
2. Our school is about 200 square ________ (kilometre).
3. The long river ________ (travel) through many cities and finally flows into the sea.
4. There are ________ (hundred) of students in the hall waiting for the performance.
5. Our school library is the ________ (large) one in the district, with a lot of different kinds of books.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰。它大约 8848.86 米高。
Mount Qomolangma is ____ _________ ___________ in the world. It’s about 8,848.86 _______ ________.
2. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界最大沙漠。它大约 900 万平方千米大。
The Sahara is ____ ________ ________. It’s about 9,000,000 _________ ___________.
3. 死海表面在海平面以下 416 米。它是地球上最低的地方。
The Dead Sea’s surface is 416 meters _______ _______ _________. It’s ____ ________ _______ on earth.
4. 奋斗者号比许多潜水器潜得更深。它在深海拍摄了动物。
Fendouzhe dived ________ _________ many other submersibles. It filmed __________ _________.
5. 万米深海也有垃圾。我们应该为此做些什么。
There’s ________ even at 11,000 metres deep. We should _______ ________ __________ it.
四、选词填空。从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。
explorer, travel, nature, beautiful, alive, type, successful, natural, sand, colour
There are many amazing ____1____ wonders around the world. Some are made of ____2____, and some are formed by water. Different ____3____ of natural wonders attract lots of ____4____ every year.
____5____ can walk along safe paths. The best view is at the top, where you can see the truly ____6____ landscape. To reach this point, visitors need to climb carefully.
The park ____7____ protects this large place while allowing people to enjoy its ____8____. We must work together to keep such wonders ____9____ for future generations. Let’s cherish these gifts from ____10____ and never stop exploring them.
五、完形填空
Do you know about China’s smallest mountain It is in Shouguang, Shandong Province. There you will find Jingshan, the ____1____ mountain in China, and probably in the whole world. This mountain is about 1.24 metres long and just about 0.7 metres wide. It is only 0.6 metres ____2____. With a small ____3____, people can reach the top of the mountain. It sounds interesting, doesn’t it It may not be the most famous mountain in China, ____4____ it’s the only mountain in Shouguang. It’s a ____5____ of the city and one of the most popular places of interest.
How deep is Jingshan embedded (被嵌入) in the ground We’ll probably never know as the government now ____6____ anyone from digging around it. In fact, in the 1950s, some people tried to dig around it to prove (证明) that it wasn’t a mountain, but a simple ____7____. They dug for a long time, but they didn’t reach the bottom. And then people saw it ____8____ the smallest mountain in China.
As soon as photos of Jingshan ____9____ on the Internet, all kinds of opinions appeared online. Some said that they would like to visit the cute mountain by themselves. Some even joked that during the summer, the high crops (庄稼) would make it impossible to ____10____ the mountain.
1．A．highest B．largest C．longest D．smallest
2．A．wide B．long C．short D．high
3．A．step B．journey C．break D．risk
4．A．so B．or C．but D．because
5．A．guest B．symbol C．member D．hobby
6．A．learns B．protects C．stops D．knows
7．A．plant B．road C．chore D．rock
8．A．with B．for C．as D．against
9．A．kept safe B．went popular C．became important D．got modern
10．A．push B．find C．dig D．repair
六、六选五。
The deep sea is a mysterious and amazing world that covers more than half of the Earth’s surface. 1.________ Most people know very little about it because it is too far and too hard to reach. The deep sea starts at 200 meters below the sea level, and the deepest point is the Mariana Trench. 2.________
Life in the deep sea is very different from that on land. There is no sunlight here, so it is very dark all year round. The water is icy cold, and the water pressure is so high that it can easily break common machines. 3.________ Some are small and look like stars, while some are 4.________ and have strange shapes. Many of them can make light by themselves, which makes the dark deep sea look like a sky full of stars.
In recent years, China has made great progress in deep-sea exploration. 5.________ It has helped scientists collect samples and take clear photos of the deep-sea world. Now more and more people realize the importance of the deep sea and decide to protect it.
It is more than 10,000 meters deep.Fendouzhe is a great Chinese manned submersible.But there are still many wonderful living things here.It is one of the most wonderful natural wonders on Earth.Some fish can live without eating for a long time.F. Some creatures are very large.
七、任务型阅读 阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。(注意每小题的词数要求)。
The Nile River is called the “Father of African Rivers”. The Nile River is about 6,671 kilometres long. It is the longest river in Africa and in the world. The river runs from south to north, beginning in the mountains of Burundi and ending in the Mediterranean Sea.
Every year, the Nile River floods its banks. This brings black and rich soil. The ancient Egyptians called it “the gift of the Nile River”.
The Nile River provided other resources as gifts for the ancient Egyptians. Papyrus, used for everything, grew along its banks. It provided water for cooking and bathing. There were also many fish and water birds. Wild vegetables could be found, along with bird eggs. Egypt is in the middle of a desert. But life along the Nile was wonderful.
1．What does the passage mainly talk about (不超过 15 词)
______________________________________________________________
2．Fill in the blank: The Nile River starts in the ________ of Burundi. (限填 1 词)
3．Fill in the blank: The Nile River is important to ancient Egypt because it brought ____________________ to plants. (不超过 5 词)
4．Fill in the blank: “The gift of the Nile River” refers to the _____________________. (不超过 5 词)
5．According to the passage, how do humans connect with nature (不超过 15 词)
______________________________________________________________
八、阅读理解
The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers over nine million square kilometres across North Africa. The weather there can be very different in a day’s time. During the day, temperatures rise above 40℃, while nights can be very cold. It’s one of the toughest (艰难的) environments on earth.
The Sahara is as big as Canada but has very few people. Less than two and a half million people live there, most of them nomads. Nomads are people who have no permanent (固定的) homes. They move from place to place, carrying everything they need to live. The nomads of the Sahara are called Bedouin, which means “desert people”. They depend on goats, sheep, and camels for food and transport. Water is the most important for them; they need water to live, so they must carry enough water or know where to find it. Without water, life is impossible.
A desert is not defined (定义) by sand but by the lack of rain. To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year. Surprisingly, only 25% of the Sahara is covered in sand. The rest is rock and gravel (砂砾).
Long ago, the Sahara was covered in ice and later turned into grasslands. Over time, it became the desert we see today. Truly, the Sahara is a place of history and change.
1．Where’s the Sahara
A．In South Africa. B．In Northeastern Africa.
C．In Northern Africa. D．In North Africa.
2．What does the underlined word “nomads” probably mean in Chinese
A．农耕民族 B．游牧民族 C．定居民族 D．渔猎民族
3．Which of the following is TRUE about Bedouin
A．The word means people who love deserts.
B．Bedouin uses cars and trucks to get around.
C．The most important thing for Bedouin is water.
D．Life is impossible without goats, sheep and camels.
4．According to the passage, what’s a desert
A．A place that has nomads living in it.
B．A place that is very hot and dry all year round.
C．A place that has more than 25% sand on its surface.
D．A place that gets less than 250 mm of rain every year.
5．What’s the passage about
A．Facts about the Sahara. B．The people of the Sahara.
C．The weather of the Sahara. D．The history of the Sahara.
II. 语言点精练参考答案
一、单词默写
【答案】1.dive 2. research 3. deep 4. unusual 5. bottom 6. ocean 7. creature 8. rubbish
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
【答案】1. farthest 2. kilometres 3. travels 4. hundreds 5. largest
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
【答案】1. the highest mountain；metres high
2. the biggest desert；square kilometres
3. below sea level；the lowest place
4. deeper than；deep-sea animals
5. rubbish；do something about
四、选词填空
【答案】1．natural 2．sand 3．types 4．travellers 5．Explorers 6．colourful 7．successfully 8．beauty 9．alive 10．nature
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界各地的自然奇观，以及人们如何探索和保护这些自然奇观。
1．句意：世界上有许多令人惊叹的自然奇观。结合所给单词和“wonders”以及下文“natural wonders”可知，此处表示自然奇观，形容词natural“自然的”符合语境，修饰名词wonders，故填natural。
2．句意：有些是由沙子构成的，有些是由水形成的。结合所给单词和“Some are made of”可知，此处表示由沙子构成，名词sand“沙子”符合语境，不可数名词，故填sand。
3．句意：不同类型的自然奇观每年吸引着众多游客。结合所给单词和“Different...of natural wonders”可知，此处表示不同类型的自然奇观，名词type“类型”符合语境，different后接可数名词的复数形式，故填types。
4．句意：不同类型的自然奇观每年吸引着众多游客。结合所给单词和“attract lots of”可知，此处表示吸引众多游客。名词travel“旅行”的名词形式之一是traveller“游客”符合语境，lots of后接可数名词的复数形式，故填travellers。
5．句意：探险者可以沿着安全路径行走。结合所给单词和“can walk along safe paths”可知，此处表示探险者，名词explorer“探险者”符合语境，可数名词，此处用复数形式表示泛指，故填Explorers。
6．句意：最美的风景在顶端，在那里你能看见真正绚丽多彩的景色。结合所给单词和“you can see the truly…landscape”可知，此处指绚丽多彩的景色，用colour的形容词colourful修饰landscape。故填colourful。
7．句意：公园成功地保护了这片广阔的区域，同时允许人们享受它的美景。结合所给单词和“protects this large place while allowing people to enjoy its...”可知，此处表示成功地保护，形容词successful“成功的”的副词形式successfully“成功地”符合语境，修饰动词protects，故填successfully。
8．句意：公园成功地保护了这片广阔的区域，同时允许人们享受它的美景。结合所给单词和“enjoy its...”可知，此处表示享受美景，形容词beautiful的名词形式beauty符合语境。故填beauty。
9．句意：我们必须共同努力，让这些奇观为后代留存。结合所给单词和“keep such wonders...for future generations”可知，此处表示让奇观留存，形容词alive“活着的”符合语境，作宾语补足语，故填alive。
10．句意：让我们珍惜这些来自大自然的礼物，永远不要停止探索它们。结合所给单词和“Let’s cherish these gifts from...”可知，此处表示来自大自然的礼物，名词nature“大自然”符合语境，故填nature。
五、完形填空
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国最小的山——静山。
1．句意：在那里你会发现静山，中国最小的山，可能也是全世界最小的山。
highest最高的；largest最大的；longest最长的；smallest最小的。根据上文“Do you know about China’s smallest mountain ”可知，此处指“中国最小的山”。故选D。
2．句意：它距离地面只有0.6米高。
wide宽的；long长的；short短的；high高的。根据上文“This mountain is about 1.24 metres long and just about 0.7 metres wide.”可知，此处是介绍这座山的高度。故选D。
3．句意：迈开一小步，人们就能到达山顶。
step步；journey旅行；break休息；risk风险。根据“It is only 0.6 metres…With a small…people can reach the top of the mountain.”可知，此处表示“只需迈一小步，人们就能登顶”。故选A。
4．句意：它可能不是中国最著名的山，但它是寿光唯一的山。
so因此；or或者；but但是；because因为。根据“It may not be the most famous mountain in China…it’s the only mountain in Shouguang.”可知，前后句是转折关系，应用but连接。故选C。
5．句意：它是这个城市的象征，也是最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。
guest客人；symbol象征；member成员；hobby爱好。根据“It’s a…of the city”并结合备选项可知，此处表示“它是这个城市的象征”；a symbol of意为“……的象征”。故选B。
6．句意：我们可能永远不会知道，因为政府禁止任何人在它周边挖掘。
learns学习；protects保护；stops停止；knows知道。根据“We’ll probably never know as the government now…anyone from digging around it.”及备选项可知，静山嵌入地面有多深，我们可能永远不会知道，因为政府现在阻止任何人挖掘它；stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。故选C。
7．句意：事实上，在20世纪50年代，一些人试图在它周围挖掘，以证明它不是一座山，而是一块普通的岩石。
plant植物；road马路；chore杂活；rock岩石。根据前文“…Jingshan, the…mountain in China”和“…prove (证明) that it wasn’t a mountain, but a simple…”可知，静山是中国最小的山，山一般由岩石组成，因此此处指“证明它不是一座山，而是一块普通的岩石”。故选D。
8．句意：后来人们把它看作是中国最小的山。
with和；for为了；as作为；against反对。根据“And then people saw it…the smallest mountain in China.”可知，人们把它看作是中国最小的山；see sth. as…“视某物为……”。故选C。
9．句意：静山的照片在网上一走红，各种各样的观点就在网上出现了。
kept safe保持安全；went popular变得流行；became important变得重要；got modern变得现代。根据“…all kinds of opinions appeared online.”可知，此处指“静山的照片在网上流行”。故选B。
10．句意：有人甚至开玩笑说，在夏天，高的庄稼会让人找不到那座山。
push推；find找到；dig挖；repair修理。根据“the high crops (庄稼) would make it impossible to…the mountain.”可知，静山很小，高的庄稼会遮挡住这座山，使人找不到它。故选B。
六、六选五
【答案】BACED
【解析】
1.答案 B 开头总述深海是自然奇观，引出下文。故选 B。
2.答案 A 前一句讲最深点是马里亚纳海沟，A 说明深度。故选 A。
3.答案 C 环境恶劣但仍有生物，构成转折。故选 C。
4.答案 E 后一句讲照亮黑暗，对应 “自己发光”。故选 E。
5.答案 D 前一句讲奋斗者号，D 介绍它。故选 D。
七、选词填空
【答案】1．The Nile River and its importance to ancient Egypt.
2．mountains 3．water and rich soil
4．black and rich soil
5．Humans get resources from nature and depend on it.
【导语】本文主要介绍了埃及的尼罗河。
1．通读全文可知，全文围绕尼罗河的长度、流向、洪水带来的资源及其对古埃及文明的贡献展开，核心是尼罗河及其对古埃及的重要性。故填The Nile River and its importance to ancient Egypt.
2．根据“The river runs from south to north, beginning in the mountains of Burundi and ending in the Mediterranean Sea.”可知，尼罗河发源于布隆迪的山区，mountains“山”，故填mountains。
3．根据“Every year, the Nile River floods its banks. This brings black and rich soil.”可知，尼罗河对古埃及非常重要，因为它为植物提供了水源和肥沃的土壤，water and rich soil“水和肥沃的土壤”，故填water and rich soil。
4．根据“Every year, the Nile River floods its banks. This brings black and rich soil. The ancient Egyptians called it ‘the gift of the Nile River’.”可知，“尼罗河的馈赠”指的是黑色肥沃的土壤。black and rich soil“黑色肥沃的土壤”，故填black and rich soil。
5．根据“It provided water for cooking and bathing. There were also many fish and water birds. Wild vegetables could be found, along with bird eggs.”可知， 末段强调古埃及人利用尼罗河的水、鱼、鸟、植物等资源生存，说明人类从自然界获取资源，并且依赖于它。故填Humans get resources from nature and depend on it.
八、阅读理解
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最大的热带沙漠——撒哈拉沙漠的地理位置、气候特点、当地居民（贝都因人）的生活、沙漠的科学定义以及其历史变迁。
1．细节理解题。根据第1段“It covers over nine million square kilometres across North Africa.”可知，撒哈拉沙漠位于北非。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据第2段“Nomads are people who have no permanent homes. They move from place to place, carrying everything they need to live.”可知，“nomads”指的是没有固定居所、四处迁徙的人群，即“游牧民族”。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第2段“Water is the most important for them; they need water to live”可知，对贝都因人来说，最重要的东西是水。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据第3段“A desert is not defined by sand but by the lack of rain. To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year.”可知，沙漠的定义是年降雨量少于250毫米的地方。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。全文从地理位置、居民、定义和历史等多个方面介绍了撒哈拉沙漠，因此文章主要讲述了关于撒哈拉沙漠的事实。故选A。
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