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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2026外研版高考英语突破练
Unit 2　Improving yourself
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(2025·陕西宝鸡三模)
Jameson Lobb,a 24-year-old investment banker from Toronto,was just one week into his new job on Wall Street.Over the past month,he’d been settling in to the New York City apartment he was sharing with his college buddy,an artificial intelligence engineer named Raphael Jafri.
Now,on Oct.4,2024,the two were squeezing in a lunchtime workout on Pier(码头) 15 overlooking the East River,when Lobb froze.“Somebody’s in the water,” he said.Before Jafri could respond,Lobb climbed over the rail at the edge of the pier and leapt into the cold,polluted water without taking the time to remove his shoes.
Jafri didn’t need to see the victim.Maybe Lobb saw someone in the water who needs our help,he thought.Or maybe it’s Lobb who needs my help.Either way,I’m going in.He took off his shoes and swan-dived.
Approaching the unconscious victim,Lobb saw that it was a middle-aged man.When at last they reached Pier 15,they faced a new uncertainty.How to get out On the pier,a crowd had gathered.From somewhere,the onlookers produced a rope and a life preserver(救生圈),which they threw to Jafri and Lobb.With the two men pushing from below and the crowd pulling from above,the man’s dangling body slowly rose until helping hands pulled him onto the pier.
From the metal beam(梁),Lobb climbed up onto the pier,but Jafri remained in the water a few minutes more,until he was rescued by the Coast Guard.Both men,Jafri in particular,thoroughly exhausted from 15-plus minutes in the water and bleeding from numerous barnacle cuts,watched as rescue workers loaded the nearly drowned man into an ambulance and drove away.
In place of that knowledge,they have a story they get to tell now,another experience that has further enhanced their bond.Lots of people were on the piers that day,yet only the two of them jumped in the water—because,they say,they were the fittest people there and so had a moral responsibility.
“If I know I’m capable,” Lobb says,“why wouldn’t I help ” Jafri adds,laughing,“People always say ‘If your friend jumps off a cliff,are you jumping ’I think I answered that one.”
1.Which of the following best describes Jameson Lobb as a passer-by
A.Smart and thoughtful.
B.Caring and fearless.
C.Kind and experienced.
D.Devoted and brave.
2.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A.The knowledge about first aid.
B.The way to rescue the drowned.
C.The process of saving a stranger.
D.The value of people’s pulling together.
3.Why was Jafri left alone in the water after the rescue
A.He meant to gain Coast Guard’s help.
B.He was found unconscious and bleeding.
C.He failed to climb up onto the pier.
D.He was in worse condition.
4.What does the author intend to convey in the text
A.Unsung heroes deserve our respect.
B.Danger is next neighbour to security.
C.Timely rescue always comes first.
D.A friend in need is a friend in deed.
【语境猜词】
①workout　　　　　　_______________________
②unconscious _______________________
③onlooker _______________________
④freeze(熟义:v.结冰)
生义(文义):v. _______________________
B(2025·江西九江三模)
Several years ago,a team of neuroscientists from the University of Southern California observed an extraordinary phenomenon—a subject mouse was attempting to revive its anesthetised(麻醉的) cage-mate with something like first aid.Similar behaviors have been informally documented in other species,including elephants and dolphins.
Recently,Li Zhang and his colleagues show that unconscious mice elicit a series of behaviours from their cage-mates that seem to speed up their recovery from anesthesia.Oxytocin neurons(催产素神经元) are actually found to stir up these revival-like behaviours in mice,researchers reported in the journal Science.
The team conducted experiments by presenting a subject mouse with both an unconscious mouse and an active mouse.They observed that the subject mouse interacted more with the unconscious mouse.First came the gentle smelling and licking,followed by mouth biting and tongue pulling if the unconscious mouse remained unresponsive.Further research reveals mice respond more to familiar mice than to strangers,occasionally to dead mice,but rarely to active or sleeping mice.Obviously,they don’t just respond;they evaluate the situation and recognise identities.
The interventions,particularly tongue pulling,appeared to somewhat benefit the unconscious mouse’s recovery.However,Peggy Mason,a neuroscientist at the University of Chicago,questions whether the mouse intended to help or was merely curious,especially if they knew each other.To test for this possibility,the researchers repeated their experiment over five days,observing the continuous display of the behaviour.If simply driven by curiosity,this behaviour would decrease over time.
The researchers found that oxytocin is crucial in helping activating this inborn “first-aid-like” behaviour in mice.Given oxytocin is common across the animal kingdom,Zhang suspects that such behaviours might be widespread due to their potential benefits.“That remains to be seen,” says Mason.Nevertheless,the study suggests that animals engage in the emotions and behaviours of others around them in a much richer way than previously understood.
5.What does the underlined word “elicit” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Generate.　　　　 　B.Speed.
C.Observe. D.Recognise.
6.What behaviour did Zhang’s team observe in mice
A.Interacting more with active mice.
B.Ignoring familiar mice deliberately.
C.Attacking sleeping mice frequently.
D.Attempting to aid unconscious mates.
7.Why was the experiment repeated across a five-day period
A.To test the effectiveness of tongue pulling.
B.To observe changes in mice’s social connections.
C.To identify the motive behind mice’s “first-aid” acts.
D.To measure the recovery speed for unconscious mice.
8.What is the best title for this passage
A.Oxytocin’s Universal Role in Animal Societies
B.The Hidden Emotional Depth of Animal Species
C.Lab Mice Display “First-Aid” Behaviours to Mates
D.A New Study on Curiosity-Driven Behaviours in Mice
【语境猜词】
①neuroscientist　　　　_______________________
②intervention _______________________
③inborn _______________________
④widespread _______________________
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·湖南长沙一模)
One mum’s attendance at her son’s Little League game turned into a lifesaving measure.
Dr Jennifer LaFemina,a calm 　9　,was watching her son play in a local baseball match when she saw the judge,Korey Pontbriand,get hit in the throat by a(n) 　10　 pitch(投球).Shortly after the 　11　,LaFemina and her surgical assistant,who was watching the game with her,　12　 Pontbriand and advised him to go to the hospital for treatment.Despite losing his 　13　 after the hit,Pontbriand 　14　 continuing.Soon,his condition 　15　,leading to a collapse.LaFemina 　16　 began performing CPR,with the help of her assistant.Once she was able to get his 　17　,he was rushed to the hospital,where he is improving but remains in the intensive care unit.
While LaFemina was 　18　 lifesaving CPR,her son scored the winning run in the game.His team,the Algonquin All-Stars,went on to win the matches.The mum later shared a story about Pontbriand,　19　 that he had given her son,as well as other players,high-fives and 　20　 words throughout the match.LaFemina 　21　 the impact of simple kindnesses,“We have the choice to be kind and good,and even the smallest things we do have the largest and most long-term 　22　 on people around us.We just don’t know at the time we’re doing it.”
Everyone now eagerly awaits Pontbriand’s 　23　 to the field.
9.A.surgeon B.coach
C.nurse D.engineer
10.A.wild B.accurate
C.slow D.high
11.A.match B.event
C.incident D.moment
12.A.analysed B.examined
C.observed D.questioned
13.A.breath B.sight
C.voice D.strength
14.A.gave up B.insisted on
C.objected to D.put off
15.A.improved B.recovered
C.stabilised D.worsened
16.A.immediately B.suddenly
C.regularly D.surprisingly
17.A.heart B.pulse
C.medicine D.pressure
18.A.arranging B.instructing
C.delivering D.considering
19.A.noticing B.explaining
C.replying D.noting
20.A.critical B.encouraging
C.demanding D.frustrating
21.A.overstated B.realised
C.ignored D.emphasised
22.A.harm B.impression
C.warning D.impact
23.A.return B.visit
C.departure D.achievement
【语境猜词】
①intensive　　　　_______________________
②surgical _______________________
③collapse(熟义:v.倒塌)
生义(文义):v. _______________________
④lifesaving _______________________
⑤attendance _______________________
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·福建福州模拟)
For thousands of years,the Chinese 24.　　　　　(use) acupuncture(针灸) to ease pain and treat illnesses.Evolving from the discovery 25.　　　　　　 using stone needles on specific points on the surface of the body could get rid of pain and disease,acupuncture has become an 26.　　　　　　　(essence) part of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious coexistence of humans with nature.
As 27.　　　　　　(document) in Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago,Bian Que,28.　　　　　　 highly skilled physician during the Warring States Period(475—221 BCE),was famous for having helped a prince to “wake up” after an accident by using needles to stimulate the Baihui acupoint(百会穴) on the prince’s head.
According to TCM,there are a dozen meridians(经络) in the human body,29.　　　　　　 the qi,or life energy,moves about to help keep the organs healthy.Cold,infections or diseases can result 30. the blocking of this energy,so 31.(stimulate) the acupoints can unblock the “stuck” qi,restore normal blood flow and improve health.
In 2010,UNESCO 32.　　　　　　(include) acupuncture and moxibustion(灸法) of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.Yet,the practice is not just cultural and historical—it’s a medical technique 33.　　　　　　(wide) used and researched today.
【语境猜词】
①essential　　　　　_______________________
②document _______________________
③intangible _______________________
④harmonious _______________________
参考答案
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自多伦多的24岁银行家洛布和人工智能工程师贾弗里在午餐时间进行锻炼时,发现有人落水并英勇跳入河中救人的故事。
1.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘If I know I’m capable,’ Lobb says,‘why wouldn’t I help ’”以及第二段中的“Before Jafri could respond,Lobb climbed over the rail at the edge of the pier and leapt into the cold,polluted water without taking the time to remove his shoes.”可知,詹姆斯·洛布作为一个路人有爱心且无所畏惧,故选B项。
2.C　主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Approaching the unconscious victim,Lobb saw that it was a middle-aged man.”以及下文的内容可知,第四段主要讲的是拯救陌生人的过程,故选C项。
3.D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Jafri in particular,thoroughly exhausted from 15-plus minutes in the water and bleeding from numerous barnacle cuts,watched as rescue workers loaded the nearly drowned man into an ambulance and drove away.”可知,营救结束后,贾弗里一个人留在水里是因为他的情况更糟,故选D项。
4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“If I know I’m capable,” Lobb says,“why wouldn’t I help ” Jafri adds,laughing,“People always say ‘If your friend jumps off a cliff,are you jumping ’ I think I answered that one.”可知,作者想在文中表达患难见真情,故选D项。
【语境猜词】
①锻炼;健身　②失去意识的;昏迷的　③旁观者　④愣住
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了老鼠会对麻醉同伴做出类似急救的行为。
5.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的部分“a series of behaviours from their cage-mates that seem to speed up their recovery from anesthesia”可知,无意识的老鼠从它们的笼友那里　　　了一系列似乎能加速它们从麻醉中恢复过来的行为。由此猜测,elicit意为“引发,激起”,与A选项Generate“产生”意思相近。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The team conducted experiments by presenting a subject mouse with both an unconscious mouse and an active mouse.They observed that the subject mouse interacted more with the unconscious mouse.”以及后文描述可知,张的团队观察到老鼠试图帮助无意识的同伴,故选D项。
7.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中“However,Peggy Mason,a neuroscientist at the University of Chicago,questions whether the mouse intended to help or was merely curious,especially if they knew each other.To test for this possibility,the researchers repeated their experiment over five days,observing the continuous display of the behaviour.”可知,实验在五天内重复进行是为了找出老鼠“急救”行为背后的动机,故选C项。
8.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了研究人员发现老鼠会试图帮助它们无意识的同伴,这种行为似乎能加速同伴从麻醉中恢复过来,以及研究人员对这一现象的进一步研究和解释。由此可知,C选项“实验鼠对同伴表现出‘急救’行为”最适合作为文章标题。
【语境猜词】
①神经科学家　②干预行为　③天生的;与生俱来的　④广泛存在的
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了医生Jennifer LaFemina在观看儿子的棒球比赛时,通过自己的专业知识和技能挽救了一位裁判的生命的故事。
9.A　根据下文的“LaFemina and her surgical assistant”和“LaFemina 　16　 began performing CPR,with the help of her assistant.”可知,LaFemina是一位外科医生(surgeon)。
10.A　根据上文的“in a local baseball match”和“get hit in the throat”以及常识可知,此处指棒球中的“暴投(wild pitch)”。
11.C　根据上文的“Korey Pontbriand,get hit in the throat by a(n) 　10　 pitch”可知,此处指的是Pontbriand被球击中的事故(incident)发生后不久。
12.B　根据上文的“LaFemina and her surgical assistant”和下文的“advised him to go to the hospital for treatment”可知,LaFemina和当时与她一起观看比赛的外科助理给Pontbriand做了检查(examined)。
13.C　根据上文的“Korey Pontbriand,get hit in the throat”可知,Pontbriand被击中了喉咙,所以失声(voice)。
14.B　根据上文的“Despite”和下文的“continuing”可知,Pontbriand坚持(insisted on)继续。
15.D　根据下文的“leading to a collapse”可知,Pontbriand昏倒了,所以他的状况恶化了(worsened)。
16.A　根据上文的“leading to a collapse”和下文的“began performing CPR”可知,Pontbriand昏倒了,LaFemina肯定是立即(immediately)开始进行心肺复苏。
17.B　根据上文的“began performing CPR”和下文的“he was rushed to the hospital”以及常识可知,此处指她一摸到他的脉搏(pulse)。
18.C　根据下文的“lifesaving CPR”可知,此处表示实施(delivering)心肺复苏。
19.D　根据上文的“shared a story about Pontbriand”和下文的“that he had given her son,as well as other players,high-fives and 　20　 words throughout the match”可知,此处表示分享故事时提到(noting)。
20.B　根据“high-fives”和“words throughout the match”可知,此处表示鼓励的(encouraging)话语。
21.D　根据下文LaFemina说的话“We have the choice to be kind and good,and even the smallest things we do have the largest and most long-term 　22　 on people around us.”可知,LaFemina在强调(emphasised)简单的善良的影响。
22.D　根据上文的“the impact of simple kindnesses”可知,此处表示影响(impact)。
23.A　根据第二段的“he was rushed to the hospital,where he is improving but remains in the intensive care unit”和下文的“to the field”可知,此处表示重返(return)赛场。
【语境猜词】
①强化的;集中的　②外科的　③晕倒;虚脱　④救命的;救生的
⑤出席;到场
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中医针灸的历史以及原理。
24.have been using/have used　考查时态和语态。use是句中的谓语动词,与主语the Chinese之间是主动关系,结合时间状语For thousands of years可知,强调从过去持续到现在的动作,可用现在完成进行时或现在完成时,故填have been using/have used。
25.that　考查同位语从句。using stone needles on specific points on the surface of the body是对名词discovery内容的说明,是同位语从句,从句不缺少成分、句意完整,故填that。
26.essential　考查形容词。所填的词修饰名词part,应用形容词形式,故填essential,意为“必不可少的”。
27.documented　考查状语从句的省略。句意:据大约2100年前司马迁的《史记》记载,战国时期(公元前475—221年)的一位医术高超的医生扁鹊,曾用针扎在一位王子的头上,帮助他在事故后“苏醒”。根据句意,“As 　　　　　(document) in Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago”是状语从句,原句为As it is documented in Records...,状语从句中包含it和be动词,可省略,故填documented。
28.a　考查冠词。physician在句中表示“一位医生”,是泛指,空格后单词highly发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
29.where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词meridians,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。
30.from　考查介词。result from...是固定搭配,意为“由……引起;是……造成的”。
31.stimulating　考查非谓语动词。所填的词作句子的主语,描述一般性行为,应用动词-ing形式,故填stimulating。
32.included　考查动词时态。提示词是句中谓语动词,与主语UNESCO之间是主动关系,结合时间状语In 2010可知,讲述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填included。
33.widely　考查副词。所填的词修饰动词use,所以用副词形式,故填widely。
【语境猜词】
①必不可少的　②记录;记载　③非物质的　④和谐的
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