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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2026外研版高考英语突破练
Unit 5　A delicate world
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(2025·湖北黄冈三模)
2026 Summer Camp of Environmental Protection
Are you a high-school student passionate about the environment Join us for the 2026 Summer Camp of Environmental Protection!
Location:The camp will be held in the beautiful mountainous area of Green Valley,far away from the city.The location provides a perfect natural setting for our environmental activities.
Duration:From July 10th to July 20th,2026.
Activities:
Lectures by Experts:We have invited top environmental scientists and researchers.They will give lectures on topics like climate change,wildlife protection,and sustainable development.
Field Trips:Participants will go on exciting field trips.We’ll visit a local nature reserve to observe different species of plants and animals in their natural habitats.Also,there will be a trip to a wastewater treatment plant to learn about water purification processes.
Hands-on Projects:Campers will work on practical environmental projects.One of the projects is to build a small-scale solar-powered water-pumping system for a local community garden.This will help the garden save energy and water.
Group Discussions:There will be daily group discussions.Campers from different backgrounds will share their ideas and experiences on environmental protection.These discussions will encourage critical thinking and new perspectives.
Cost:The total cost of the camp is $800.This includes accommodation,meals,all materials for activities,and transportation during the camp.However,we offer a 20% discount for students who can show proof of their previous environmental volunteer work.
Registration:To register,visit our official website before June 1st,2026.Fill out the online application form and pay a $200 deposit.The remaining balance should be paid one week before the start of the camp.
1.What is the main purpose of the 2026 Summer Camp of Environmental Protection
A.To provide a vacation for high-school students.
B.To educate students about environmental protection.
C.To promote tourism in the Green Valley area.
D.To build a solar-powered water-pumping system.
2.What can participants do during the camp
A.Listen to lectures on topics like space exploration.
B.Visit a local zoo to observe different species of animals.
C.Build a large-scale solar-powered water-pumping system.
D.Join in daily group discussions on environmental protection.
3.How much will a student who has previously done environmental volunteer work pay for the camp
A.640.　　　　　 　　B.800.
C.200. D.160.
【语境猜词】
①purification　　　　　_______________________
②small-scale _______________________
③solar-powered　　_______________________
④accommodation _______________________
⑤deposit(熟义:v.存放)
生义(文义):n. _______________________
B(2025·浙江模拟)
Through evolution,animals have developed numerous ways to protect themselves from predators(捕食者).Turtles hide in their shells,and skunks(臭鼬) use smelly liquid.But these defenses don’t work against cars.Environmental journalist Ben Goldfarb explains,“When facing a car,these defenses are useless—or even harmful.Staying still is the worst choice.Roadkill is a serious threat to wildlife.”
Roads also act as barriers,preventing animals from moving freely.The constant traffic on highways creates what scientists call a “moving fence”—a wall of vehicles that animals avoid crossing.While we often see dead animals like deer or squirrels on roads,we don’t see the ones that never try to cross.This isolation can harm animal populations more than roadkill itself.
Chemicals from roads also damage the environment.Every year,the US uses 20 million tons of road salt to melt ice,which pollutes nearby soil and plants.Cars release metals like zinc and copper,and tires leave behind microplastics.These pollutants make roadsides dangerous for creatures like monarch butterflies,even though these areas could otherwise be good habitats.
Roadsides sometimes attract animals with food like flowers or berries,but this becomes an “ecological trap”.Animals are drawn to these resources,only to face the danger of traffic.
Interestingly,when traffic decreases,animals quickly adapt.Researchers in the Bay Area found that when cars disappeared for months,white-crowned sparrows—small songbirds—started singing more complex and varied songs.Without traffic noise,they no longer needed to “shout” and could return to their natural behaviours.This shows how much roads affect wildlife—but also how adaptable animals can be.
Despite these challenges,Goldfarb says,certain species have made remarkable adaptations.He notes that Chicago’s urban foxes are said to look both ways before crossing the street.“We think about roads as these forces that are universally or exclusively harmful to animals,and certainly they’re incredibly destructive,” he says.“But wildlife is also impressively adaptive and clever and animals are finding ways to make a living in our midst.”
4.How does the author start the text in the first paragraph
A.By stating a reason.
B.By providing statistics.
C.By defining a concept.
D.By giving examples.
5.What harmful impact do roads have on wildlife
A.Less food supply.
B.Restricted movement.
C.Increased predators.
D.Species extinction.
6.What can we infer from Goldfarb’s words in the last paragraph
A.Roads are not truly harmful to wildlife.
B.Urban foxes seldom get hit by vehicles.
C.Animals adapt cleverly to dangerous roads.
D.Wildlife protection deserves highest attention.
7.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A.To advocate reducing traffic.
B.To preserve wildlife diversity.
C.To analyse roads’ effects on wildlife.
D.To highlight roadkill danger to animals.
【语境猜词】
①roadkill　　　　_______________________
②isolation _______________________
③microplastic _______________________
④ecological _______________________
⑤adaptable _______________________
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·广东深圳一模)
Green roofs have been around for thousands of years,long before modern housing was developed.From the simple grass-covered roofs above caves to the famous Hanging Gardens of Babylon,they remained an important part of architecture.　8　 They bring enormous environmental benefits and offer solutions to some pressing ecological challenges of our time.
In the design of a green roof,there are key factors that count.The first step is to install(安装) a protective layer over the roof to prevent water damage.　9　 It’s essential to choose high-quality materials,as once the green roof is completed and the building is in use,replacing the protective layer becomes difficult and expensive.
Next,a drainage(排水) layer,which is often made of pebbles or a special mat,is placed on top.It helps water flow off the roof instead of pooling on it.Then,a growing medium,like soil or other similar materials,is spread over the drainage layer.　10　
Now it’s time to choose plants for the roof.Some plants have shallow root systems and don’t need much water.　11　 Sedum and chives are good examples of such plants.They are not only water-efficient but tough and long-lasting.
　12　 It’s important to think about your budget.On average,it costs $25 to $30 per square foot to install a green roof.This doesn’t include the cost of installing or repairing the normal roof underneath.And there is labour cost to cover.If a traditional roof costs $30 per square foot,installing a green roof could easily double that expense.
A.This is where the plants will grow.
B.However,green roofs come at a high cost.
C.Today,green roofs are gaining more attention.
D.These features make them ideal for green roofs.
E.As a result,they led to the popularity of green roofs.
F.Green roof materials can range from grass to solar panels.
G.The layer also stops plant roots growing into the roof structure.
【语境猜词】
①architecture　　　　_______________________
②protective _______________________
③water-efficient _______________________
④long-lasting _______________________
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·贵州安顺二模)
China is leading the global transition to cleaner energy,with significant advancements in its wind and photovoltaic(PV) power industries.So far,China’s installed PV capacity 13.　　　　　　　　　(reach) about 470 million kilowatts,leading the global rankings for eight years in 14.　　　　　　　 row,while its wind power capacity hit 389 million kilowatts,leading 15.　　　　　　　　(global) for 13 years,according to the National Energy Administration(NEA).
The country is accelerating the upgrade of its wind and solar power industries.In wind power,China has made key 16.　　　　　　　(breakthrough),such as the invention of super-long bladed(叶片),surpassing international competitors in large-scale and floating wind power platforms.The world’s first 16-megawatt offshore wind turbine,17.　　　　　　 is located in Fujian,has begun generating electricity.Wind power clusters are forming across China,from Hainan to Shanxi,with complete industrial chains 18.(support) the field.
China’s solar power industry is also making rapid progress in 19.　　　　　　(technology) innovation.A PV cell module from a Chinese company recently achieved record 20.　　　　　　　(efficient).These advanced modules are more resistant to high temperatures and can generate power from both sides.
China’s wind and solar power companies are expanding,with key components accounting 21.　　　　　　　 70% of the global market share.The rapid growth of these industries has significantly contributed to China’s economic development.China plans 22.　　　　　　(have) a total installed capacity of over 1.2 billion kilowatts for its wind and photovoltaic power generation by 2030,as part of its transition to a clean energy system.
【语境猜词】
①photovoltaic　　　　_______________________
②breakthrough _______________________
③globally _______________________
参考答案
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2026环保夏令营的地点、时间、活动内容、费用及报名方式等信息。
1.B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Join us for the 2026 Summer Camp of Environmental Protection!”及后续活动介绍(如环保主题讲座、实地考察、实践项目等)可知,夏令营的主要目的是教育学生环保知识,故选B项。
2.D　细节理解题。根据Group Discussions中的“There will be daily group discussions.Campers from different backgrounds will share their ideas and experiences on environmental protection.These discussions will encourage critical thinking and new perspectives.”可知,成员可参与每日环保小组讨论,故选D项。
3.A　细节理解题。根据Cost中的“The total cost of the camp is $800.This includes accommodation,meals,all materials for activities,and transportation during the camp.However,we offer a 20% discount for students who can show proof of their previous environmental volunteer work.”可知,从事过环境志愿者工作的学生有20%的折扣,计算可得:800×(1-20%)=640,故选A项。
【语境猜词】
①净化　②小规模的　③太阳能的　④住宿　⑤押金
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了道路对野生动物产生的多方面影响,包括道路致死、阻碍迁徙、造成污染以及形成生态陷阱等,同时也提到了动物在交通减少时的适应能力和某些物种的适应性变化。
4.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Through evolution,animals have developed numerous ways to protect themselves from predators.Turtles hide in their shells,and skunks use smelly liquid.”可知,作者在第一段通过列举乌龟和臭鼬保护自己的例子开启全文,故选D项。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Roads also act as barriers,preventing animals from moving freely.”可知,道路对野生动物的有害影响之一是限制了它们的活动,故选B项。
6.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But wildlife is also impressively adaptive and clever and animals are finding ways to make a living in our midst.”可知,从Goldfarb的话中可以推断出动物能聪明地适应危险的道路环境,故选C项。
7.C　推理判断题。通读全文内容可知,文章围绕道路对野生动物的影响展开,依次阐述了公路导致的路杀现象以及公路阻碍动物迁徙、带来化学污染、形成“生态陷阱”等负面影响,同时也提到了部分物种的适应性调整。整体是在分析公路对野生动物多方面的影响,故选C项。
【语境猜词】
①路杀动物　②隔离;孤立　③微塑料　④生态的　⑤有适应能力的
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处及它的建造过程。
8.C　根据下文“它们带来了巨大的环境效益,并为我们这个时代一些紧迫的生态挑战提供了解决方案。”可知,绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处,C项“如今,绿色屋顶越来越受到人们的关注。”能够引起下文。
9.G　根据上文“第一步是在屋顶上安装保护层,以防止水损坏。”可知,G项“该层还可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中。”介绍了安装保护层的另一个原因。
10.A　根据上文“然后,将土壤或其他类似材料等生长介质铺在排水层上。”可知,上文告诉我们要在排水层上铺生长介质,A项“这是植物生长的地方。”能够承接上文。
11.D　根据上文“现在是时候为屋顶选择植物了。有些植物根系较浅,不需要太多的水。”可知,D项“这些特性使其成为绿色屋顶的理想选择。”能够承接上文,说明根系较浅,不需要太多的水的植物是绿色屋顶的理想选择。
12.B　根据下文“考虑一下你的预算很重要。平均而言,安装绿色屋顶的成本为每平方英尺25至30美元。”可知,B项“然而,绿色屋顶的成本很高。”能够引起下文。
【语境猜词】
①建筑　②防护的　③节水型的　④持久的
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述的是中国在清洁能源转型方面的领先地位,特别是在风电和光伏(PV)发电产业方面取得的显著进展。
13.has reached　考查时态和主谓一致。由So far可知,句子时态是现在完成时,主语capacity是不可数名词,故填has reached。
14.a　考查冠词。in a row是固定短语,意为“连续”。
15.globally　考查副词。所填的词修饰动词leading,所以用副词形式,故填globally,意为“全球地”。
16.breakthroughs　考查名词的数。breakthrough是可数名词,表示“突破”,且此处强调多个突破,因此要用复数形式breakthroughs。
17.which　考查定语从句。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词turbine是物,故填关系代词which。
18.supporting　考查非谓语动词。此处是with复合结构,complete industrial chains和support之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语,故填supporting。
19.technological　考查形容词。所填的词修饰名词innovation,所以用形容词形式,故填technological,意为“技术的”。
20.efficiency　考查名词。所填的词作宾语,所以用名词形式,efficient的名词是efficiency,意为“效率”,是不可数名词。
21.for　考查介词。account for是固定短语,意为“占……的比例”。
22.to have　考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth是固定短语,意为“计划做某事”,因此空格处用不定式,故填to have。
【语境猜词】
①光电的　②突破　③在全球范围内
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