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近几年高考语法填空题考查情况总表如下：
核心词 高考出现的年份（做的19篇高考题，只有3篇没有考查并列结构）
*并列结构的 直接考查 and 2025年全国一卷
2025年全国二卷
2025年浙江卷1月
2024年新课标II卷
2023年新课标II卷
2023年浙江卷1月
2022年新高考II卷
2022年新高考I卷
2022年全国乙卷
2021年新高考I卷
*并列结构的 间接考查 rather than 2025年浙江卷1月
and 2024年新课标II卷
either...or 2024年浙江卷1月
whether...or 2023年新课标I卷
and 2023年新课标II卷
or 2023年全国甲卷
and 2023年浙江卷1月
and 2022年新高考II卷
between...and 2022年新高考I卷
from...to 2022年全国甲卷
and 2022年浙江卷1月
*根据已知的并列结构，推出其他单词的正确形式 and 2023年新课标II卷
and 2022年新高考II卷
*其他情况 用and 反证法倒推，排除and 2021年新高考II卷
The+比较级， the+比较级固定句型 2021年新高考I卷

16篇高考语法填空题考查的具体内容如下：
一．并列结构的直接考查：
1.Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
(2025年全国一卷)
解析：The balance, the beauty and the energy,用and并列主语
2.But it’s amazing how you can adapt and learn in a new environment. (2025年全国二卷)
解析：adapt and learn, 用and并列谓语
3.they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.(2025年浙江卷1月)
解析：they have and are not overstuffing,用and并列谓语
4.It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed."（2024年新课标II卷
解析：it was very exciting to hear and see,并列两个不定式结构（第二个不定式to see省略了不定式符号to）
5.It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into their new home.
(2023年新课标II卷)
解析：It’s been an honor to watch and to see, 并列两个不定式结构
6.During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing and arranged the residential areas according to social classes. (2023年浙江卷1月)
解析：emperors planned and arranged, 用and并列谓语
7.He hung on for a few minutes and screamed for his father, but his father didn’t hear him.(2022年新高考II卷)
解析：He hung and screamed, 用and并列谓语
8.The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”.(2022年新高考I卷)
解析：The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of protecting.., preserving..., protecting... and leaving...,用and并列非谓语(这里是4个动名词并列做介词of的宾语）
9.The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation and cultural exchanges.(2022年全国乙卷)
解析：promote international cooperation and cultural exchanges, 并列名词做promote的宾语
it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.(2021年新高考I卷)
解析：it highlights... and offers..., 用and并列两个谓语
总结：
通过对近几年高考题语法填空题的研究发现：
用and并列主语，使多个主体共同承担句子动作；
用and并列谓语，呈现一系列连续的行为；
用and并列非谓语形式，像不定式或动名词等；
用and并列宾语，让句子所涉及多个对象得以连贯表达。
并列结构的间接考查：
Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.(2025年浙江卷1月)
解析： 虽然rather than 不属于并列结构，但通常用rather than 连接两个并列成分，重点强调前者，否定或排除后者， 要注意前后形式的一致性。当并列不定式时，rather than 常省略不定式符号to, 所以这道题在句子已经有谓语的情况下，根据rather than purchase, 推出to rent的形式。
Recalling (recall) watching a Chinese operate version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was
very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.”（2024年新课标II卷）
解析：根据and并列形式前后一致性的特点，通过下文的and meeting, 推出上文的Recall的正确形式为Recalling.
3.Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home or you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
(2024年浙江卷1月)
解析：根据either....or...选择并列结构，“或者...或者...”的意思，要求前后并列形式一致的原则，这里是把两个句子进行并列选择。
4. To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头).(2023年新课标I卷)
解析：这两个空的打开方式，先想到whether ...or 固定搭配，确定or的选择，然后再根据whether...or 并列结构前后形式一致的原则，确定bite的正确形式为to bite.
4.Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident (confidence) speaking English.(2023年新课标II卷)
解析：根据and并列形式前后一致性的特点，上文是形容词comfortable, 推出下文用出词的形容词形式confident.
5.For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) to teach (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
（2023年全国甲卷）
解析：根据选择连词or前后并列形式一致的原则，后者用了不定式to pass, 推出前者也用不定式，所以用to teach的形式才正确。
6.Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and simpler(simple) in design and decoration.（2023年浙江卷1月）
解析：根据and并列形式前后一致性的特点，通过上文的smaller形容词比较级形式，推出下文也用simple的比较级形式simpler.
7.He quickly threw (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.(2022年新高考II卷)
解析：根据and并列形式前后一致性的特点，下文用一般过去时态，上文也用一般过去时态threw.
8.The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.（2022年新高考I卷）
解析：根据并列结构between...and...前后形式一致的特点，下文用了homes名词形式，上文虽给出名词，还需要用名词，所以推出population的正确形式是populations.
9.He flew 4,700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
(2022年全国甲卷)
解析：根据from...to并列结构的固定搭配，from强调起点，to强调终点。根据to Kashgar，推出Kashagar是终点，从下文的back to Xi’an，由此推断上文的Xi’an是起点，所以此处填表示起点的介词from.
10. But Cobb and others 3. are (be) now questioning that idea—pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate
remotely and changing (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
解析：根据and并列形式前后一致性的特点，上文用了pushing形式，下文也用-ing形式，所以推出此处change的正确形式为changing。

总结：
1.考过的接并列成份的词或词组有：
A rather than B
A and B
either A or B
whether A or B
A or B
Between A and B
from A to B
2.其他未考过的也可以接并列成分的词或词组有：
A as well as B
not only A but also B
neither A nor B
both A and B
not A but B
三．根据已知的并列结构
推出其他单词的正确形式

1.He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up to see(see) them.
解析：上文pushed and climbed已经表示并列关系了，下文的see不可能再用谓语的一般过去式与上文并列，根据句意，填to see做目的状语。
They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting (visit) Chinese zookeepers.
解析：这个句子很明显有个并列结构talk to sb and to sb.,所以，推出这个空要填一个什么样的人，用定语来修饰Chinese zookeepers,visit与zookeepers之间表主动，所以用现在分词visiting.
总结：通过上面这两道高考题，可以根据已知的并列结构，推出未知的单词正确形式。

四．其他情况
1.If I learned of a company ______ used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an email urging it to cut back.
解析：这个句子如果单看形式，有的同学容易填and ,但是如果我们用反证法去论证一下，就发现填and不正确了。
第一步：假设此空填and
第二步：代入进去，If I learned of a company and used a lot of plastic, 很明显这个句意语义不通顺。
第三步：判断出此空不可以填and
根据句意，如果我了解一家使用很多塑料的公司，这是做定语，所以用that/which引导定语从句。
2.the colder the temperatures gets, the hotter (hot) the spring!
解析：这是一个固定的句型结构：the +比较级，the +比较级， 上文是the colder, 下文是the hotter, 表示越...越...

后记：
通过对高考语法填空题的集中分析，总结了and以及其他单词也可以接并列成分的情况。个人观点，无需做太多的题，只要掌握它们的底层逻辑便可：1. 注意并列结构或成分的前后形式的一致性；2.注意接并列成分的固定搭配便可，比如whether...or, neither...nor , between...and, from...to等。

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