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第2节　固定搭配题——看清固定搭配
技法探究 强化意识
固定搭配和习惯用法是完形填空的常考点, 英语中的固定搭配非常多, 考生平时要熟记它们, 并能够在具体语境中识别出来, 从而选择正确的答案。
【考查类型】
【解题步骤】
【典例展示1】
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
　　I’ve 54(matured) a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever　55　I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
55. A. limits　　B. dates　　C. goals　　D. tests
考查名词词义辨析。句意: 我已经开始接受这样一个事实: 无论我为自己设定什么目标, 它们都必须是我自己的。set limits 意为“设限”;set dates意为“设定日期”;set goals 意为“设定目标”;set tests 意为“设定测试”。而且根据后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own”可知, 此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标, 它们都必须是我自己的”, 符合语境。故选　C　。
【典例展示2】
(2023·全国甲卷·节选)
　　The first time we 41(stayed) there, we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike　42　 its way down the hill towards us.
42. A. making B. searching
C. squeezing D. feeling
考查动词词义辨析。句意: 我们第一次待在那里的时候, 我们听到一辆摩托车嘎吱嘎吱地从山上向我们驶来。make one’s way 意为“前往某地”;search one’s way意为“探路”;squeeze one’s way 意为“挤过去”;feel one’s way意为“摸索前进”。故选　A　。
【典例展示3】
(2022·全国甲卷·节选)
　　The next week we 47(walked) our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our 　48　, Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing(求婚) I liked him too, but so 49(soon)
48. A. breath B. balance
C. attention D. imagination
考查名词词义辨析。句意: 当我们停下来喘口气的时候, Steve单膝跪了下来。catch one’s breath 意为“喘息”;catch one’s balance 意为“保持平衡”;catch one’s attention意为“吸引某人注意”;catch one’s imagination 意为“抓住某人想象力”。根据前句“It was a hot day. ”可知, 作者在遛狗, 所以他们停下来喘口气。故选　A　。
【即时巩固】
(2025·安徽模拟)
　　Throughout elementary school I did everything to achieve my highest self. While enjoying time with family and friends, I worked hard to shine 　1　. When in Grade 5, I lost my grandma. I was old enough to learn that some lives are cut 　2　 and there will always come a day everyone has to leave.
　　　3　, I thought I could handle it on my own. To shift my focus from the pain, I joined many groups and clubs, believing that staying 　4　 would help me move on. I thought this would help me 　5　 this hard time. However, it took me 2 years to realize what I needed wasn’t a(n) 　6　, but the time to talk to someone about my feelings. Writing then became my new 　7　, allowing me to express emotions and let things go without 　8　 anyone else. Yet, when I finally spoke to a counselor(顾问), I understood some feelings need 　9　, not just written down. Family members, teachers, and counselors are just the people you can 　10　.
　　Loss and hardship are 　11　, and everyone faces moments of 　12　. But no pain, fear or hardship should keep you from reaching your 　13　. The truth is, healing takes 　14　, and along the way, you may come to realize that your 　15　 in life is greater than you once thought. Life goes on—and so should you.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小学时奶奶去世后的心路历程及感悟。
1. A. socially B. logically
C. politically D. academically
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 在享受与家人和朋友相处的同时, 我努力学习以在学业上脱颖而出。 socially社交上; logically逻辑上;politically政治上;academically学业上。根据前文“Throughout elementary school I did everything to achieve my highest self. ”可知, 作者在小学阶段努力学习, 想要在学业上取得好成绩。故选D。
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2. A. deep B. wide
C. short D. long
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 那时我已经长大, 明白了有些人的生命是短暂的, 总有一天每个人都会离开。deep深的;wide宽的;short短的;long长的。根据前文“When in Grade 5, I lost my grandma. ”可知, 有些人的生命是短暂的。故选C。
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3. A. Initially B. Naturally
C. Sorrowfully D. Confidently
【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 起初, 我以为我能自己处理好。Initially起初;Naturally自然地;Sorrowfully悲伤地;Confidently自信地。根据后文“I thought I could handle it on my own. ”可知, 此处指作者起初的想法。故选A。
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4. A. calm B. awake
C. motivated D. occupied
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 为了转移我的痛苦, 我加入了许多团体和俱乐部, 相信保持忙碌会帮助我继续前进。calm冷静的;awake醒着的;motivated有动力的;occupied忙碌的。根据前文“I joined many groups and clubs”可知, 作者加入了许多团体和俱乐部, 让自己保持忙碌。故选D。
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5. A. check through B. get through
C. put off D. make for
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 我以为这能帮助我度过这段艰难的时光。check through检查;get through度过; put off推迟;make for有助于。根据后文“this hard time”可知, 此处指度过这段艰难的时光。故选B。
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6. A. escape B. treat
C. honor D. break
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 然而, 我花了两年时间才意识到, 我需要的不是逃避, 而是找个人谈谈我的感受。escape逃避; treat对待;honor荣誉;break休息。根据前文“To shift my focus from the pain, I joined many groups and clubs, believing that staying 　　　would help me move on. ”可知, 作者意识到自己需要的不是逃避, 而是找人倾诉。故选A。
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7. A. manners B. philosophy
C. channel D. skill
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 后来写作成了我新的发泄渠道, 让我可以表达情感, 让事情过去而不打扰别人。 manners礼貌;philosophy哲学;channel渠道; skill技能。根据前文“it took me 2 years to realize what I needed wasn’t a(n) 　　　, but the time to talk to someone about my feelings”可知, 写作成了作者新的发泄渠道。故选C。
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8. A. blaming B. troubling
C. questioning D. pleasing
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。 blaming责备; troubling打扰;questioning询问;pleasing取悦。根据前文“Writing then became my new 　　　”可知, 写作不会打扰到其他人。故选B。
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9. A. sharing B. analyzing
C. tackling D. explaining
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 然而, 当我终于和顾问交谈时, 我明白了一些感受需要分享, 而不仅仅是写下来。 sharing分享;analyzing分析;tackling处理;explaining解释。根据后文“Family members, teachers, and counselors are just the people you can 　　　. ”可知, 作者明白了一些感受需要和别人分享。故选A。
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10. A. follow B. call on
C. understand D. turn to
【解析】选D。考查动词(短语)辨析。句意: 家人、老师和顾问正是你可以求助的人。 follow跟随;call on号召; understand理解;turn to求助于。根据前文“I understood some feelings need 　　　, not just written down. ”可知, 此处指家人、老师和顾问正是你可以求助的人。故选D。
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11. A. irregular B. disconnected
C. unavoidable D. impossible
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 失去和困难是不可避免的, 每个人都会面临挣扎的时刻。irregular不规则的;disconnected不连接的; unavoidable不可避免的; impossible不可能的。根据后文“and everyone faces moments of　　　”可知, 失去和困难是不可避免的。故选C。
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12. A. violence B. compromise
C. regret D. struggle
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。violence暴力;compromise妥协; regret后悔; struggle挣扎。根据前文“Loss and hardship are 　　　”可知, 每个人都会面临挣扎的时刻。故选D。
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13. A. audience B. potential
C. conclusion D. level
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 但是, 没有痛苦、恐惧或困难会阻止你发挥你的潜力。audience观众; potential潜力;conclusion结论;level水平。根据前文“But no pain, fear or hardship should keep you from reaching your”可知, 没有痛苦、恐惧或困难会阻止你发挥你的潜力。故选B。
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14. A. practice B. courage
C. time D. price
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 事实是, 治愈需要时间, 在这个过程中, 你可能会意识到你的人生目标比你曾经认为的要伟大。practice练习;courage勇气; time时间; price价格。根据前文“healing takes”及常识可知, 治愈需要时间。故选C。
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15. A. purpose B. gift
C. status D. journey
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。purpose目标;gift礼物; status地位;journey旅程。根据前文作者经历失去、艰难并治愈的过程, 应该是会意识到生活目标更伟大。故选A。
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【备选习题】
Passage 1
(2025·威海模拟)
　　Last Christmas Eve, Davit Kane, a highway maintenance worker with the Washington State Department of Transportation(WSDOT), spotted a broken trash bag on the U. S. Highway 2.
　　“Anything in a bag along the highway usually isn’t 　1　, ” said Kane. The bag’s contents 　2　 him but in a good way. Inside were tennis shoes and toys, spilling out of 　3　 gift wrapping. Kane brought the bag to headquarters, but nobody had 　4　 the gifts missing. Kane made a Facebook post, hoping it would 　5　 in front of the right eyes—and soon. Christmas morning was only one 　6　 away.
　　Ten hours later, Kane was wrapping up for the day, and still nothing. He told the night crew about the 　7　 and that someone might be in touch. Any claims could be 　8　 via the names of the kids on the gift tags, which he purposely had left out of the post.
　　Around 9 p. m. , WSDOT’s Madi Voie got a(n) 　9　. More crewmen, invested in getting these gifts home by Christmas morning, had been working hard to track down their 　10　 and they finally got 　11　. A woman had posted on Facebook that her brother David Carli had lost a trash bag full of kids’ Christmas gifts. Had anyone 　12　 them
　　Voie’s co-workers saw Kane’s post and 　13　 the dots. They gave Voie’s phone number to Carli, and the two met up just after midnight on Christmas morning. Carli had spent most of Christmas Eve 　14　 trying to replace the missing presents.
　　“Working holidays and nights is 　15　, ” says Voie. “But being able to make someone else’s Christmas better, I was pretty excited. ”
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了高速公路维修员Davit Kane和交通部门员工为一份丢失的礼物找到失主的故事。
1. A. useful B. good
C. large D. safe
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: Kane说: “高速公路上袋子里的东西通常都不太好。” useful有用的; good好的;large大的;safe安全的。根据空前“Anything in a bag along the highway”以及空后“but in a good way”的转折可知, 这个袋子是在高速公路上, 通常落在高速公路上的袋子里不会有什么“好”东西。故选B。
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2. A. amused B. worried
C. shocked D. confused
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 袋子里的东西让他感到震惊, 但这是一种好的震惊。amused逗乐;worried使担心; shocked使震惊;confused使困惑。根据后文“Inside were tennis shoes and toys”可知, 袋子里面是网球鞋和玩具, Kane起初认为里面没有什么好东西, 因此看到好东西Kane感到很震惊。故选C。
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3. A. folded B. torn
C. marked D. reused
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 里面是网球鞋和玩具, 从撕破的礼物包装里漏出来了。folded折叠的;torn撕破的;marked标记的;reused重复使用的。根据空前“spilling out of”可知, 袋子里面的东西漏出来了, 因此是从撕破的礼物包装里漏出来的。故选B。
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4. A. noticed B. admitted
C. reported D. expected
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: Kane把袋子带到总部, 但没有人报告礼物丢失。noticed注意到;admitted承认;reported报告;expected期待。根据空前“Kane brought the bag to headquarters, but”可知, 将袋子带去总部, 希望能找到失主, 但是却没人报告礼物丢失。故选C。
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5. A. work B. land
C. remain D. spread
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: Kane在Facebook上发布了一条帖子, 希望它能很快出现在对的人面前。work工作;land着陆, 突然出现;remain保持;spread传播。根据前文“Kane made a Facebook post”可知, Kane在Facebook上发布了一条帖子, 是为了找到礼物的失主, 故Kane希望它能很快出现在对的人面前。故选B。
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6. A. gift B. step
C. wish D. sleep
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 圣诞早晨只差一个睡眠的时间就到了。gift礼物;step步骤;wish愿望;sleep睡眠。根据后文“Ten hours later, Kane was wrapping up for the day, and still nothing. ”可知, 十小时后, Kane在整理这一天的工作, 故此处指离圣诞早晨只差一个睡眠的时间, 故选D。
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7. A. find B. change
C. track D. difficulty
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他告诉夜班员工这个发现, 可能会有人联系。find发现;change改变;track追踪;difficulty困难。根据空后“that someone might be in touch”可知, 他告诉值夜班的员工可能会有人联系, 联系是为了寻找Kane发现的这个礼物, 故他告诉夜班员工他的这一发现。故选A。
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8. A. recorded B. accepted
C. encouraged D. confirmed
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 任何认领都可以通过礼物标签上的孩子名字来确认, 这些标签是他故意在帖子上遗漏的。recorded记录;accepted接受;encouraged鼓励;confirmed确认。根据空后“via the names of the kids on the gift tags”可知, 通过礼物标签上的孩子的名字是可以认领东西的, 故此处指任何认领都可以通过名字来确认。故选D。
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9. A. post B. call
C. letter D. order
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 晚上9点, 华盛顿交通部门的Madi Voie接到一个电话。post帖子;call电话;letter信件; order订单。根据后文“Voie’s co-workers saw Kane’s post and 　　　the dots. They gave Voie’s phone number to Carli”可知, Voie的同事看到了Kane发的帖子, 并将Voie的电话号码发给了Carli, Carli便联系了Voie, 因此此处指Voie接到了电话。故选B。
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10. A. prices B. numbers
C. owners D. addresses
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 更多员工致力于将这些礼物在圣诞节的早上送回家, 他们一直在努力追踪礼物的主人, 最终, 他们是幸运的。prices价格;numbers数字;owners主人;addresses地址。根据前文“invested in getting these gifts home by Christmas morning”可知, 员工想要将这些礼物在圣诞节的早上送回家, 因此他们一直在追踪礼物的主人。故选C。
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11. A. lucky B. impatient
C. tired D. ready
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。 lucky幸运的; impatient不耐烦的; tired疲惫的;ready准备好的。根据后文“A woman had posted on Facebook that her brother David Carli had lost a trash bag full of kids’ Christmas gifts. Had anyone 　　　them ”可知, 员工一直在寻找礼物的主人, 终于, 一位女性在Facebook上说她的弟弟丢了一袋礼物, 因此他们是幸运的, 终于找到了礼物的失主。故选A。
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12. A. seen B. received
C. returned D. bought
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 有人见过它们吗 seen看见;received收到;returned归还;bought购买。根据前文“A woman had posted on Facebook that her brother David Carli had lost a trash bag full of kids’ Christmas gifts. ”可知, 一位女性在Facebook上说她的弟弟丢了一袋礼物, 因此询问是否有人见过礼物。故选A。
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13. A. followed B. covered
C. counted D. connected
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: Voie的同事看到了Kane的帖子, 并把线索联系起来。followed跟随;covered覆盖;counted数数;connected连接, 联系。根据前文“Voie’s co-workers saw Kane’s post”以及“A woman had posted on Facebook that her brother David Carli had lost a trash bag full of kids’ Christmas gifts. ”可知, 一位女性在Facebook上说她的弟弟丢了一袋礼物, Voie的同事又看到了Kane发的寻找礼物失主的帖子, 因此Voie的同事将这些线索联系起来。故选D。
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14. A. wildly B. excitedly
C. quietly D. casually
【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意: Carli在圣诞夜大部分时间都在疯狂地试图替换丢失的礼物。wildly疯狂地;excitedly兴奋地;quietly安静地;casually随意地。根据空后“trying to replace the missing presents”可知, Carli弄丢了孩子的圣诞节礼物, 因此圣诞夜大部分时间都在疯狂地试图替换丢失的礼物, 此处用wildly表示Carli急切的心情。故选A。
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15. A. hard B. necessary
C. rewarding D. risky
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: Voie说: “在节假日和夜间工作很难。”hard困难的;necessary必要的;rewarding有回报的;risky危险的。根据后文“But being able to make someone else’s Christmas better, I was pretty excited. ”转折可知, Voie认为能够帮助别人的圣诞节更快乐, 他感到很激动, 尽管在节假日和夜间工作很难, 但一切都值得。故选A。
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Passage 2
　　Twenty-five years ago, Marie and Steve Voorhees had a hay(干草) field and a dream. Today, their 25-acre farm 　1　 visitors with lavender fields and alpacas(羊驼).
　　The farm’s journey began in 2012, when they 　2　 lavender—a kind of plant known for its calming effects. And the 　3　 1, 000 plants soon began to multiply. Fifteen 　4　 are now grown at the farm. The old barn(谷仓) was 　5　 into a shop selling lavender oils, soaps, and even stuffed teddy bears.
　　But the real stars of the farm are the alpacas. Starting with just four in 2018, the herd has 　6　 to 22. These friendly animals bring great 　7　 to visitors, especially children. Except meeting the eye, the alpacas 　8　 produce award-winning wool, turned into cozy blankets and socks sold in the farm shop.
　　Running the farm hasn’t been easy. 　9　 like rising costs forced the Voorheeses to adapt—Marie even 　10　 handmade face masks to make ends meet. However, the Voorheeses have had only a few minor price increases in more than a 　11　. They also offer free visits to the farm, and 　12　 gift baskets and other products to organizations across New Jersey.
　　The owners take 　13　 in the consistency of their products and the accessibility of the alpacas. For them, the farm is more than a 　14　—it’s a labor of love. With creativity and perseverance, their simple dream has blossomed into something 　15　.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Marie和Steve Voorhees夫妇从一片干草田起步, 经过25年的努力, 将农场发展为以薰衣草田和羊驼为特色的观光农场的故事。
1. A. inspires　　 B. attracts
C. praises D. annoys
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 如今, 他们占地25英亩的农场以薰衣草田和羊驼吸引着游客。inspires激励;attracts吸引;praises夸奖;annoys使烦恼。根据下文“这些友好的动物给游客带来巨大快乐”可知, 此处指“吸引游客”。
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2. A. found B. kept
C. planted D. raised
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 2012年, 他们种植了薰衣草。found发现;kept保持;planted种植;raised饲养。根据“薰衣草”可知, 他们种植了薰衣草。
3. A. actual B. initial
C. practical D. eventual
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 最初的1 000株植物很快开始繁殖。actual实际的;initial最初的;practical实用的;eventual最终的。根据时间顺序和“soon began to multiply”可知, 这里表示最初数量。
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4. A. species B. categories
C. ranges D. varieties
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 农场现在种植了15个品种。species物种;categories类别;ranges范围;varieties品种。根据植物栽培常识, 同一植物的不同种类应用varieties表达。
5. A. rebuilt B. moved
C. transformed D. shifted
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 旧谷仓被改造成一家商店。rebuilt重建;moved移动;transformed改造;shifted转移。根据短语搭配可知, transformed into表示“改造成”, 符合语境。
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6. A. expanded B. multiplied
C. devoted D. stretched
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 羊驼群从2018年的4只扩大到22只。expanded扩大;multiplied倍增;devoted奉献;stretched伸展。根据数量增长且不强调繁殖, expanded最贴切。
7. A. trouble B. pleasure
C. loss D. danger
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 这些友好的动物给游客带来巨大快乐。trouble麻烦;pleasure快乐;loss损失;danger危险。根据后文“especially children”可知, 对孩子们来说尤其快乐。
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8. A. seldom B. instead
C. never D. also
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 羊驼还生产获奖羊毛。seldom很少;instead反而;never从不;also还。根据上下文递进关系, also最能体现“除了观赏外还有产毛功能”。
9. A. Accidents B. Challenges
C. Needs D. Contributions
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 像成本上升这样的挑战迫使夫妇适应。Accidents事故;Challenges挑战;Needs需求;Contributions贡献。根据“forced the Voorheeses to adapt”可知, 这些是挑战。
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10. A. sold B. lent
C. recycled D. collected
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: Marie甚至出售手工口罩来维持生计。sold出售;lent借出;recycled回收;collected收集。根据“make ends meet”的经济目的可知, 此处表示出售。
11. A. century B. year
C. generation D. decade
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 十年来只有小幅涨价。century世纪;year年;generation代;decade十年。根据上文“Twenty-five years ago”的时间跨度可知, 这里指十年。
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12. A. deliver B. contribute
C. donate D. rent
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 他们向新泽西州的组织捐赠礼品篮和其他产品。deliver递送;contribute贡献;donate捐赠;rent出租。根据慈善行为语境可知, donate符合语境。
13. A. pride B. honor
C. joy D. credit
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 主人对产品品质感到自豪。pride自豪;honor荣誉;joy喜悦;credit信誉。固定搭配“take pride in”。
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14. A. job B. career
C. business D. trade
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 农场不仅是生意, 更是爱的劳动。job工作;career事业;business生意;trade贸易。根据与“labor of love”的对比, business最符合商业性质。
15. A. romantic B. traditional
C. successful D. extraordinary
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 他们简单的梦想绽放出非凡成果。romantic浪漫的;traditional传统的;successful成功的;extraordinary非凡的。根据“blossomed into”的升华语义, extraordinary最能体现超出寻常的成就。
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反复精读 识记积累
障碍词语 shift vt. 转移　emotion n. 感情　heal vt. 治愈( Passage 1)
熟词生义 spot 熟义: vt. 看见　生义: n. 斑点, 地点
claim 熟义: vt. 声称　生义: n. 赔偿 (Passage 2)
长难句分析 The truth is, healing takes time, and along the way, you may come to realize that your purpose in life is greater than you once thought.
分析: 本句是一个主从复合句。and 连接两个并列部分, 前面The truth is, healing takes time是“主系表”结构;后面是主从复合句, 其中that引导宾语从句。
翻译: 事实是, 治愈需要时间, 在这个过程中, 你可能会意识到你的人生目标比你曾经认为的要伟大。(Passage 1)

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