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(共63张PPT)
第4节　背景常识题——选项合情合理
技法探究 强化意识
　　完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时, 若能积极地利用自己掌握的生活常识和文化背景知识, 会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程, 节省宝贵的时间, 从而轻松地作出正确判断。
【考查类型】
【解题步骤】
【典例展示1】
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷·节选)
　　The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no　49(reason)　 others can’t look this good.
　　. . .
　　Hold on: Consider failure as a 　50　 to success and never give up.
50. A. green light　　　　 B. road block
C. passing mark D. stepping stone
考查名词短语辨析。句意: 坚持下去: 把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石, 永不放弃。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no　　　 others can’t look this good. ”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知, 此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选　D　。
【典例展示2】
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
　　So I 47(turned to) cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48(dreamed) of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 　49　 her bike and went for a ride.
49. A. painted B. borrowed
C. bought D. parked
考查动词词义辨析。句意: 有一天她上班的时候, 我借了她的自行车去骑行。根据前文及生活常识可知, 作者去看妹妹, 所以要去骑行的话, 应是向妹妹借自行车。故选　B　。
精练新题 提升素养
Passage 1
(2025·湖北模拟)
　　In the summer of 1970, fifteen-year-old Andy Lipkis fell in love with nature while camping in the woods near Los Angeles. However, as he looked at the dying trees　1　 by pollution, he realized something needed to be done. 　2　 , Andy and his fellow campers began planting smog-resistant trees, restoring a 　3　 parking lot. This experience 　4　 an idea in Andy’s mind: spreading this tree-saving 　5　 beyond the camp.
　　Years later, Andy learned the California Department of Forestry planned to destroy 20, 000 surplus seedlings(幼苗). He 　6　 the media and policymakers for help, and ultimately succeeded when the governor intervened, letting him 　7　 the seedlings. Andy gathered kids and counselors from 20 camps for a replanting 　8　, inspiring a law requiring surplus tree donations to nonprofits. His 　9　 “TreePeople” team expanded, bringing together diverse citizen foresters.
　　In 1980, Los Angeles Mayor 　10　 TreePeople to plant a million trees in the city by the 1984 Olympics. The project gained 　11　 support, with volunteers and even the U. S. Air Force helping to 　12　 and plant trees. By the time the Olympics began, the millionth tree was planted, and the city had 　13　 into a green urban forest.
　　TreePeople’s work　14　 beyond the Olympics, training young people to care for the environment. Andy’s camp dream grew into a movement, proving that belief in a 　15　 can restore a city—and the planet—one tree at a time.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了安迪·利普基斯从年少植树开始, 不断发展壮大TreePeople团队, 致力于城市绿化的历程。
1. A. removed　　 B. dominated
C. reduced D. weakened
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 然而, 当他看着那些因污染而衰弱得快要死亡的树木时, 他意识到需要做点什么。removed移除;dominated支配;reduced减少;weakened使变弱。根据上文“dying trees”以及下文“by pollution”可知, 此处表示树木因为污染而变得衰弱, 快要死亡。故选D。
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2. A. Disappointed B. Annoyed
C. Inspired D. Excited
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 受到启发, 安迪和他的露营伙伴们开始种植抗烟雾的树木, 恢复了一个毫无生机的停车场。Disappointed失望的;Annoyed恼怒的;Inspired受启发的;Excited兴奋的。根据上文“he realized something needed to be done”可知, 安迪意识到要为保护树木做些事, 所以此处表示安迪受到这件事的启发, 开始行动。故选C。
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3. A. lifeless B. valueless
C. private D. crowded
【解析】选A。 考查形容词词义辨析。lifeless无生命的, 毫无生机的;valueless无价值的;private私人的;crowded拥挤的。根据上文“as he looked at the dying trees 　　　by pollution, he realized something needed to be done. 　　　, Andy and his fellow campers began planting smog-resistant trees”可知, 安迪和伙伴们种植树木来恢复停车场, 可推测这个停车场之前是毫无生机的, 才需要种植树木来改善。故选A。
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4. A. went against B. brought about
C. backed up D. corresponded to
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 这段经历在安迪的脑海中产生了一个想法: 将这个拯救树木的使命推广到营地之外。went against违背; brought about引起, 产生;backed up支持;corresponded to与……相符。根据下文“an idea in Andy’s mind: spreading this tree-saving　　　beyond the camp”可知, 此处表示这段经历让安迪产生了一个想法。故选B。
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5. A. benefit B. information
C. mission D. strategy
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。benefit利益; information信息; mission使命;strategy策略。根据上文“spreading this tree-saving”以及语境可知, 此处表示安迪和伙伴们将拯救树木当作使命。故选C。
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6. A. blamed B. encouraged
C. pressured D. contacted
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 他联系了媒体和政策制定者寻求帮助, 最终在州长的干预下成功了, 州长让他领走这些幼苗。blamed责备;encouraged鼓励;pressured施压;contacted联系。根据下文“the media and policymakers for help”可知, 为了拯救这些幼苗, 安迪联系媒体和政策制定者寻求帮助。故选D。
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7. A. adopt B. water
C. monitor D. purchase
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。adopt领养, 采用; water浇水;monitor监测; purchase购买。根据上文“the California Department of Forestry planned to destroy 20, 000 surplus seedlings”以及下文“Andy gathered kids and counselors from 20 camps for a replanting 　　　”可知, 州长干预后, 安迪领走了这些原本要被销毁的幼苗。故选A。
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8. A. policy B. project
C. phase D. process
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 安迪召集了来自20个营地的孩子和辅导员进行一个重新种植项目, 这促成了一项法律, 要求将多余的树木捐赠给非营利组织。 policy政策;project项目; phase阶段;process过程。根据下文“inspiring a law requiring surplus tree donations to nonprofits”可知, 安迪召集人进行的是一个重新种植树木的项目, 这个项目带来了后续法律的产生。故选B。
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9. A. friendly B. experienced
C. passionate D. creative
【解析】选C。 考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 他充满热情的TreePeople团队不断扩大, 汇聚了不同的公民护林员。friendly友好的; experienced有经验的;passionate热情的;creative有创造力的。根据下文“‘TreePeople’ team expanded, bringing together diverse citizen foresters”以及语境可知, 安迪为拯救树木做出努力, 推测此处表示安迪的团队成员都是因为对保护树木充满热情而汇聚在一起。故选C。
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10. A. reminded B. challenged
C. permitted D. forced
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 1980年, 洛杉矶市长向TreePeople组织发起挑战, 要求其在1984年奥运会前在该市种植一百万棵树。reminded提醒;challenged挑战;permitted允许;forced强迫。根据下文“TreePeople to plant a million trees in the city by the 1984 Olympics”以及常识可知, 种植一百万棵树是一个艰巨的任务, 所以此处表示市长是向TreePeople组织发起挑战。故选B。
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11. A. modest B. strong
C. necessary D. political
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 这个项目获得了大力支持, 志愿者甚至美国空军都帮忙运送和种植树木。modest谦虚的, 适度的;strong强大的, 大力的;necessary必要的; political政治的。根据下文“with volunteers and even the U. S. Air Force helping to 　　　and plant trees”可知, 志愿者和美国空军都来帮忙, 说明这个项目获得了大力支持。故选B。
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12. A. protect B. collect
C. restore D. deliver
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。protect保护;collect收集; restore恢复;deliver运送。根据上文“with volunteers and even the U. S. Air Force helping to”可知, 此处表示志愿者和美国空军帮忙运送和种植树木, 先运送才能种植。故选D。
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13. A. transformed B. crashed
C. integrated D. extended
【解析】选A。 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 到奥运会开始时, 第一百万棵树已经种下, 这座城市已经变成了一片绿色的城市森林。 transformed转变;crashed碰撞; integrated使融合;extended延伸。根据上文“By the time the Olympics began, the millionth tree was planted”以及下文“into a green urban forest”可知, 城市因为种植树木转变成了绿色的城市森林。故选A。
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14. A. ceased B. started
C. narrowed D. continued
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: TreePeople组织的工作在奥运会之后继续进行, 培训年轻人关爱环境。 ceased停止;started开始;narrowed使变窄;continued继续。根据下文“beyond the Olympics, training young people to care for the environment”可知, TreePeople组织在奥运会之后继续开展工作, 培训年轻人。故选D。
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15. A. field B. culture
C. vision D. system
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 安迪的营地梦想发展成了一场运动, 证明了对一个愿景的信念可以一次一棵树地恢复一座城市——乃至整个地球。 field领域;culture文化;vision愿景;system系统。根据上文“Andy and his fellow campers began planting smog-resistant trees, restoring a 　　　parking lot. ”以及语境可知, 安迪从在营地种植树木到后来发展成大规模的种树运动, 可推测这是安迪的一个愿景, 并且他的信念让这个愿景得以实现。故选C。
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Passage 2
(2025·黄冈中学模拟)
　　About 15 years ago, Ellen Wyoming DeLoy was in graduate school in Portland, Oregon. She 　1　 used the city’s light rail system to commute(通勤) to and from her classes. One night, on her way 　2　 she was one of just a few people on the train. When she arrived at her stop, she 　3　 the train and started 　4　 the stairway that led to street level.
　　“And as I’m climbing the steps, the train—which usually just does a short ring to indicate that it is about to 　5　 the station—started to do a really 　6　 persistent, ongoing ring, ” Wyoming DeLoy said. “As if someone were banging(猛敲) a doorbell 20 times 　7　. ”
　　Shocked by the unexpected sound, Wyoming DeLoy 　8　 to see two things. The first was the train conductor looking at her with an intense sense of 　9　 in his eyes. The other was a man who had apparently been following closely behind her but was now 　10　 in the other direction.
　　“I don’t know what would have happened that night if the train driver hadn’t caught my attention. But somebody was pursuing me for whatever, probably not 　11　 intention, ” she said.
　　Wyoming DeLoy made it home 　12　 that night, unsettled and 　13　.
　　“What a blessing to have had this person 　14　 just long enough to notice that this didn’t look quite right. I’ve always thought about that train conductor and how he helped 　15　 a passenger. And I really thank him. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ellen Wyoming DeLoy在研究生时期乘坐轻轨时遇到的一次潜在危险, 列车员通过异常的铃声提醒, 使她得以察觉身后的潜在危险, 从而避免了可能的不测事件, 她对此心怀感激。
1. A. regularly B. rarely
C. occasionally D. never
【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 她经常乘坐该市的轻轨系统通勤上下课。regularly经常地; rarely很少;occasionally偶尔;never从不。根据后文“to commute to and from her classes”可知, 她经常乘坐轻轨。故选A。
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2. A. school B. home
C. church D. station
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 一天晚上, 在她回家的路上, 她是列车上为数不多的人之一。 school学校;home家;church教堂; station车站。根据常识和前文“One night”可知, 此处指在Ellen Wyoming DeLoy晚上回家的路上。故选B。
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3. A. entered B. exited
C. boarded D. missed
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 当她到站时, 她下了列车, 开始走上通往街道的楼梯。entered进入;exited出去;boarded登上;missed错过。根据常识和前文“When she arrived at her stop”可知, 到站时, 她下了车, 此处指走出列车车厢。故选B。
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4. A. heading up B. taking down
C. leaving out D. carrying on
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。heading up往上走;taking down记下, 拆卸;leaving out遗漏;carrying on继续。根据后文“And as I’m climbing the steps”可知, Ellen Wyoming DeLoy走上通往街道的楼梯。故选A。
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5. A. arrive B. promote
C. depart D. occupy
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 怀俄明·洛伊说: “当我爬上台阶时, 列车——通常只会发出一个短促的铃声, 表示它即将离开车站——开始发出一个非常猛烈、持续不断的铃声。” arrive到达;promote促进; depart离开;occupy占据。根据前文“When she arrived at her stop, she 　　　the train”以及“the train—which usually just does a short ring to indicate that it is about to”并结合常识可知, 乘客下车后, 列车会继续向前行驶, 驶离车站, 此处指列车通常只会发出一个短促的铃声, 表示它即将离开车站。故选C。
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6. A. gentle B. pleasant
C. soft D. violent
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。gentle温柔的;pleasant令人愉快的;soft柔软的; violent猛烈的。根据后文“As if someone were banging a doorbell 20 times　　　”可知, 就好像有人连续猛敲门铃20次, 由此推知, 列车开始发出一个非常猛烈、持续不断的铃声。故选D。
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7. A. in place B. all at sea
C. at random D. in a row
【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意: 就好像有人连续猛敲门铃20次。in place准备就绪, 在正确位置;all at sea不知所措;at random随机地;in a row连续地。根据前文“As if someone were banging a doorbell 20 times”可知, 就好像有人连续猛敲门铃20次。故选D。
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8. A. put out B. took in
C. turned around D. stood up
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 怀俄明·洛伊被这意想不到的声音震惊了, 她转过身来, 看到了两件事。put out扑灭;took in吸收; turned around转身;stood up站起来, 起立。根据上文“When she arrived at her stop, she 　　　the train and started 　　　the stairway that led to street level. ”以及下文“The other was a man who had apparently been following closely behind her”可知, Ellen Wyoming DeLoy下了车开始走上通往街道的楼梯, 被声音惊吓后转身查看。故选C。
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9. A. anger B. urgency
C. calmness D. confusion
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 第一件事是列车员用一种强烈的紧迫感看着她。anger愤怒;urgency急迫, 紧迫;calmness冷静;confusion困惑。根据后文“But somebody was pursuing me for whatever”可知, 有人一直紧跟在Ellen Wyoming DeLoy身后, 由此推知, 列车员用一种强烈的紧迫感看着Ellen Wyoming DeLoy。故选B。
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10. A. walking B. running
C. standing D. waiting
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 另一件事是一个人显然一直紧跟在她后面, 但现在正朝着反方向跑去。walking走;running跑;standing站;waiting等待。根据空前“The other was a man who had apparently been following closely behind her”以及后文“But somebody was pursuing me for whatever”可知, 有人一直跟在Ellen Wyoming DeLoy身后, 结合空前“but was now”可知, 当Ellen Wyoming DeLoy转身时, 那个人朝另一个方向跑走。故选B。
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11. A. awkward B. bad
C. good D. desperate
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 但不管出于什么原因, 有人一直在跟踪我, 可能不怀好意。awkward尴尬的;bad糟糕的, 恶的;good好的;desperate绝望的。根据前文“the train conductor looking at her with an intense sense of 　　　in his eyes”和“I don’t know what would have happened that night if the train driver hadn’t caught my attention. But somebody was pursuing me for whatever”可知, 如果列车员没有用铃声引起作者的注意, 不知道那天晚上会发生什么。由此推知, 有人一直在跟踪作者, 可能不怀好意, not good intention“恶意, 不良企图”符合语境。故选C。
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12. A. slowly B. calmly
C. safely D. joyfully
【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 那天晚上, 怀俄明·洛伊安全到家, 心里惴惴不安, 却心存感激。slowly缓慢地;calmly冷静地;safely安全地;joyfully高兴地。根据前文“But somebody was pursuing me for whatever, probably not 　　　intention”可知, 有人不怀好意地一直在跟踪着作者, 由于列车员的提醒, 那人跑走了, 结合下文“And I really thank him. ”可知, 那天晚上, Ellen Wyoming DeLoy安全到家, 很感激列车员。故选C。
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13. A. sympathetic B. awkward
C. merciful D. grateful
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。sympathetic同情的;awkward尴尬的;merciful仁慈的;grateful感激的。根据前文“The first was the train conductor looking at her with an intense sense of 　　　in his eyes. The other was a man who had apparently been following closely behind her but was now 　　　in the other direction. ”可知, 在列车员的提醒下, 跟踪者被吓跑了, Ellen Wyoming DeLoy对此心存感激。故选D。
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14. A. stop B. rush
C. pause D. delay
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 能让这个人暂停下来, 注意到这看起来不太对劲, 这是多么幸运啊。stop停止;rush冲向;pause暂停;delay推迟。根据前文“What a blessing to have had this person”和后文“just long enough to notice that this didn’t look quite right”可知, 能让这个人暂停下来, 注意到这看起来不太对劲, 这是多么幸运啊。故选C。
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15. A. save B. fix
C. treat D. push
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 我一直在想那个列车员, 还有他是如何帮助救了一位乘客的。save拯救;fix修理; treat对待;push推。根据上文所讲述的列车员提醒Ellen Wyoming DeLoy下车后身后有人跟踪以及后文“And I really thank him. ”可知, 那个列车员救了Ellen Wyoming DeLoy这个乘客。故选A。
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外刊原创 高考同源
Passage 3
　　It was in September 2016. Seven-year-old Vedant, who is autistic(自闭症), found out that his school could no longer　1　him. His speech teacher also decided that she wasn’t the　2　person to support him.
　　Vedant has trouble expressing exactly what’s on his　3　. But it was clear to his mother, Prasad, that Vedant was feeling 　4　.
　　One afternoon, Prasad and her son went to the grocery store. That’s when Vedant’s bottled-up frustration came to the　5　. As they were standing in the checkout line, Vedant began to cry and grabbed his mother’s　6　and wouldn’t let go.
　　Then Prasad’s unsung hero　7　—the woman ahead of them in line.
　　“She turned around, looked at me gently and asked if I wanted help　8　my cart, ” Prasad said.
　　Prasad　9　and the woman took everything out of Prasad’s shopping cart and loaded it onto the conveyor belt.
　　　10　, Vedant let go of Prasad’s hair, but when Prasad wanted to pay, she was told the woman had already　11　the bill.
　　Prasad looked around for the　12　and saw her standing near the exit, holding Prasad’s cart. Prasad tried to pay her back but was refused. Then the woman shared something about her own 　13　.
　　“She said, ‘I have a child with autism. I　14　, ’” Prasad remembered.
　　As they walked through the parking lot, the woman was comforting but　15　. There was a healing in that silence and that made Prasad feel better.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Prasad的患有自闭症的儿子在超市突然崩溃拽住Prasad的头发不松手, 这时得到一位陌生女士帮助的故事。
1. A. adopt B. serve
C. sponsor D. protect
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 7 岁的自闭症儿童 Vedant 得知他的学校不能再为他提供服务了。根据“his school could no longer 　　　him” 可知, 学校无法再为 Vedant 提供服务或支持。serve表示 “服务”。
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2. A. right B. only
C. qualified D. permanent
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 他的语言老师也认为自己不是支持他的合适人选。right 合适的;only 唯一的;qualified 有资格的;permanent 永久的。由 “His speech teacher also decided that she wasn’t the 　　　person to support him” 可知, 他的语言老师认为自己不是支持他的“合适的”人选。
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3. A. schedule B. way
C. platform D. mind
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: Vedant 很难准确表达自己的想法。schedule 日程;way 方式;platform 平台;mind 头脑, 想法。根据语境可知, Vedant 难以准确表达心中所想。on one’s mind表示 “在某人心中”。
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4. A. cheated B. scared
C. defeated D. confused
【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。句意: 但他的母亲 Prasad 很清楚, Vedant 感到挫败。cheated 欺骗;scared 害怕的;defeated 挫败的;confused 困惑的。根据上下文可知, Vedant 因学校和老师不再支持他而情绪低落, 感到 “挫败”。
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5. A. surface B. summit
C. agreement D. conclusion
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 那就是Vedant压抑已久的沮丧情绪终于爆发的时候。根据上文可知, 患有自闭症的孩子无法表达自己的内心, 再结合“bottled-up frustration came to the 　　　” 可知, 他压抑的沮丧情绪爆发了, come to the surface意为 “显露”。
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6. A. collar B. arm C. hand D. hair
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 当他们在收银台排队时, Vedant 开始哭
起来, 抓住母亲的头发不放。由下文 “Vedant let go of Prasad’s hair” 可知, Vedant
抓住了母亲的 “头发”。
7. A. dropped by B. stepped in
C. came back D. signed up
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 这时, Prasad 身边的无名英雄介入了
——就是排在他们前面的那个女人。dropped by 顺便拜访;stepped in 介入, 插
手;came back 回来;signed up 报名。从下文陌生女士的行为可知, 这位女士主动帮
助Prasad。
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8. A. pushing B. changing
C. unloading D. returning
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: “她转过身, 温柔地看着我, 问我是否需要帮忙卸下购物车里的东西。”Prasad 说。pushing 推;changing 改变;unloading 卸下;returning 归还。根据后文 “took everything out of Prasad’s shopping cart” 可知, 女士询问是否需要帮忙把物品从购物车里拿出来。
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9. A. departed B. applauded
C. turned D. nodded
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: Prasad 点了点头, 那个女人把她购物车里的所有东西都拿出来, 放到了传送带上。departed 离开;applauded 鼓掌;turned 转动;nodded 点头。根据前后句内容可知, 女士询问Prasad 是否需要帮助, 然后就帮她把购物车里面的东西放到传送带上, 由此可知, 她获得了Prasad 的点头同意。
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10. A. Apparently B. Eventually
C. Occasionally D. Additionally
【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 最终, Vedant 松开了 Prasad 的头发, 但当 Prasad 想要付款时, 却被告知那个女人已经付过账了。Apparently 显然;Eventually 最终;Occasionally 偶尔;Additionally 此外。根据语境可知, Vedant最终松开了手, 不再抓着妈妈的头发。Eventually 意为 “最终”, 强调过程的结果。
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11. A. covered B. classified
C. counted D. collected
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。covered 支付;classified 分类;counted 数数;collected 收集。根据下文“Prasad tried to pay her back but was refused”可知, 那位素不相识的女士为Prasad 付了账。
12. A. teacher B. employer
C. specialist D. stranger
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: Prasad 四处寻找那个陌生人, 看见她站在出口附近, 推着 Prasad 的购物车。根据上文内容可知, Prasad不认识帮助她的那位女士, 因此她寻找的是帮助她的那位 “陌生人”。
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13. A. life B. delight
C. journey D. success
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 然后那个女人分享了一些关于自己生活的事情。life 生活;delight 快乐;journey 旅程;success 成功。根据“I have a child with autism. ” 可知, 那位女士分享了自己的生活。
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14. A. apologize B. quit
C. understand D. admit
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: “她说: ‘我有一个自闭症孩子。我理解。’”Prasad 回忆道。apologize 道歉;quit 放弃;understand 理解;admit 承认。根据“I have a child with autism. ” 可知, 那位陌生女士也有一个患自闭症的孩子, 因此她会懂Prasad的感受。
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15. A. sensitive B. quiet
C. sorrowful D. hesitant
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 当他们走过停车场时, 那个女人一边安慰她, 一边保持着沉默。sensitive 敏感的;quiet 安静的;sorrowful 悲伤的;hesitant 犹豫的。根据后面的silence可知, 那位女士在陪她走过停车场时很 “安静”, 没有说话。
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反复精读 识记积累
障碍词语 resistant adj. 抵制的　surplus adj. 过剩的, 剩余的　restore vt. 恢复 (Passage 1)
unsung adj. 未被赞颂的 (Passage 3)
熟词生义 ring 熟义: n. 环, 电话　生义: n. 铃声 (Passage 2)
长难句分析 He contacted the media and policymakers for help, and ultimately succeeded when the governor intervened, letting him adopt the seedlings.
分析: 本句是一个主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句, letting him adopt the seedlings是动词-ing形式短语作状语。
翻译: 他联系了媒体和政策制定者寻求帮助, 最终在州长的干预下成功了, 州长让他领走这些幼苗。(Passage 1)

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