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素养测练(二)　UNIT 1　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.According to the 　　　 　 (理论),no one will draw a final conclusion from these facts.
2.What can we 　　　　(推断) from what the famous politician said just now
3.Do you know who 　　　　(建立) the charitable organisation
4.He is a 　　　　(天才) at organising people.
5.He is kind,　　　　(温柔的) and helpful.To sum up,he is a nice guy.
6.The device was protected by　　　　(专利).
7.He has a 　　　　(激情) for traditional Chinese medicine.
8.　　　　(逐渐地),the child began to understand.
9.This is a very popular 　　　　　　　　(社会公共机构).
10.She was the most remarkable woman he had ever 　　　　　　　　(遇到).
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.Two completely opposite conclusions can be　　　　(infer) from this set of facts.
2.He has a passion 　　　　 Chinese calligraphy.
3.The girl used to be shy,but is 　　　　 (gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
4.I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it’s 　　　　 honour for me to show you around.
5.A fellow scientist　　　　 (gentle) patted his back,trying to give him the strength to persevere in the present situation.
6.She is obsessed with her work,which has taken　　　　 most of her time.
7.Whatever he has been doing 　　　　 (found) on love and respect for humanity.
8.He believed that Einstein was the most remarkable person that he had ever　　　　 (encounter).
9.His painting skills are so superb that you can find his work　　　　 (exhibit) in the best galleries in many countries.
10.He spent his whole life studying　　　　 (politician) and medieval history.
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.综上所述,精神力量对一个人克服困难至关重要。(sum up)
2.他为祖国的教育事业作出了重大贡献,值得人们尊敬。(make contributions to)
3.他是个坚持不懈的人,因此他最终取得了成功。(as a consequence)
4.我决定在一家慈善组织任职,帮助更多需要帮助的人。(take up a position)
5.昨天他太全神贯注于研究,以至于他误以为那瓶墨水是瓶牛奶。(mistake...for...)
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.According to the plan,the high-speed railway will build two branch lines—one is to Yanqing Station and the other to Taizicheng of Chongli,　　　　 the Olympic village lies.
2.The medicine is very effective,without 　　　　 many malaria patients may lose their lives.
3.China’s industrialised grape wine production didn’t start until 1892,　　　　 a successful Chinese businessman founded his wine production company in Yantai,Shandong.
4.He went to London,　　　　 he achieved one of his most remarkable achievements.
5.　　　　 is known to all,Albert Einstein is one of the greatest scientists in modern physics.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Four Environmentalists You Should Know
Throughout history,environmentalists have had a great influence not only on natural spaces,but also on our individual lives.Here are four influential ones.
John Muir (18381914)
His lifelong love for hiking began when he hiked to the Gulf of Mexico in 1867.Muir spent much of his adult life wandering in—and fighting to preserve—the wilderness of the West,especially California.His tireless efforts led to the creation of Yosemite National Park,Sequoia National Park,and millions of other conservation areas.
Rachel Carson (19071964)
Born in rural Pennsylvania,Rachel Carson went on to study biology at Johns Hopkins University.After working for the USA Fish and Wildlife Service,Carson published The Sea Around Us and other books.Her most famous work,however,was 1962’s Silent Spring,in which she described the harmful environmental effects of pesticides(杀虫剂).After Carson’s observations were proved correct,pesticides like DDT were banned.
Wangari Maathai (19402011)
Wangari Maathai was from Kenya.After studying biology in the USA,she returned to her home country to begin a career in environmental activism.Maathai founded the Green Belt Movement,which,by the early 21st century,had already planted some 30 million trees,provided jobs,and secured firewood for rural communities.In 2004,she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize while continuing to fight for the planet.
David Brower (19122000)
David Brower was associated with wilderness preservation.He became the Sierra Club’s first executive director in 1952,and then,over the next 17 years,the club membership grew from 2,000 to 77,000.It won many environmental victories under his leadership.After leaving the club,he went on to found other environmental groups like Friends of the Earth,and the Earth Island Institute.
(　　)1.Which of the four environmentalists is a writer
A.John Muir.
B.Rachel Carson.
C.Wangari Maathai.
D.David Brower.
(　　)2.What did Wangari Maathai do as an environmentalist
A.She encouraged green farming.
B.She funded rural communities.
C.She advocated growing trees.
D.She attempted to protect wild animals.
(　　)3.What title is the most suitable one for David Brower
A.An environmental activist.
B.A great social event planner.
C.A city preservationist.
D.An environmental scientist.
B
In 2018,China became the largest producer and consumer of the fruit in the world.Wu Mingzhu,in her nineties,a native of Wuhan,is the unknown hero who has helped make this possible.
“About 80 percent of the watermelons and sweet melons served at people’s dining tables every day are the result of painful efforts made by Wu and her team over more than 60 years,”said Zhang Wenjun,a colleague of Wu’s.
Helping others had long been a dream of hers.And she thought the most beautiful thing in life is that everything you create can serve the people,so she made efforts to grow quality melons,which began paying off in 1973.She is one of the 8,000 agricultural scientists who have come to Hainan annually from across the country over the past 60 years and have cultivated(培育) more than 20,000 of China’s new seed varieties through offseason breeding.
Using innovative measures such as radiation mutation breeding,double haploid breeding and distant hybridisation breeding,Wu and her team developed new germ-plasm(种质) resources,from which they cultivated more than 30 watermelon and muskmelon(甜瓜) varieties with better adaptability and stronger disease resistance,the former director of the Xinjiang Muskmelon Research Centre said.
The new melon varieties have been promoted to more than 1.86 million hectares of fields from north to south.Some of these varieties have been promoted overseas,as far as California.Wu’s work has left her a number of honours.The “queen of melons”became an academician with the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1999 and an honorary citizen of Sanya in 2004.
(　　)4.Why did Wu Mingzhu mainly want to grow high-end melons
A.Because she wanted to make China the largest producer of melons.
B.Because China is the largest consumer of melons in the world.
C.Because she wanted to create something that could serve people.
D.Because the Chinese government asked her to grow high quality melons.
(　　)5.What can we learn about from Paragraph 4
A.Wu and her team cultivated melon varieties that could resist every disease.
B.Wu and her team cultivated high quality melons from the new germ-plasm resources.
C.Wu and her team cultivated 30 watermelon varieties from radiation mutation breeding.
D.Wu and her team cultivated melon varieties that could adapt to any circumstance.
(　　)6.Which of the following about Wu Mingzhu is not true from the text
A.She has cultivated more than 20,000 of China’s new seed varieties.
B.She is committed to her work and makes remarkable achievements.
C.She helps make China the largest producer of fruit in the world in 2018.
D.She is awarded a number of honorary titles due to her contributions.
(　　)7.What type is the text
A.A diary entry.
B.A book review.
C.A physicist’s story.
D.A news report.
Ⅱ.完形填空
NASA physicist and mathematician Katherine Johnson passed away on 24 February 2020.The 101-year-old African American woman was a 　1　 figure,who played a significant part in the early successes of the USA 　2　 programme.
Her story was　3　 known to the public until 2016,when a movie based on her story was released.It 　4　 the lives of Johnson and two other great African American women.
With　5　 but a pencil and a slide rule,Johnson calculated the exact flight paths for the Apollo 11 　6　 on the Moon in 1969.
“We’re saddened by the　7　 of mathematician Katherine Johnson.Today,we 　8　 her 101 years of life and honour her legacy of excellence that broke down racial and social barriers,” NASA 　9　 on social media.
Johnson　10　 high school at the age of 10 and graduated at 14.The following year she entered West Virginia State College.By her junior year,she had taken every maths course the school had to 　11　.She finished college in 1937 with a double 　12　 in French and mathematics.In 1939,Johnson and two other 　13　 students became the first three African American students selected for a graduate programme at West Virginia University,an 　14　 school in Morgantown.Then she had her 　15　 at NASA,from 1953 to 1986.
(　　)1.A.popular B.legendary
C.mysterious D.arguable
(　　)2.A.pilot B.land
C.space D.ocean
(　　)3.A.usually B.currently
C.regularly D.hardly
(　　)4.A.makes B.saves
C.follows D.ignores
(　　)5.A.nothing B.anything
C.something D.everything
(　　)6.A.entering B.approaching
C.discovering D.landing
(　　)7.A.advance B.impression
C.fortune D.passing
(　　)8.A.celebrate B.trace
C.appreciate D.record
(　　)9.A.searched B.chatted
C.unfolded D.posted
(　　)10.A.finished B.missed
C.attended D.taught
(　　)11.A.postpone B.offer
C.acquire D.measure
(　　)12.A.role B.degree
C.course D.certification
(　　)13.A.selfless B.intelligent
C.enthusiastic D.courageous
(　　)14.A.all-male B.all-female
C.all-white D.all-black
(　　)15.A.career B.title
C.aim D.duty
Ⅲ.写作训练
　　假设你是李华,上周你参观了博物馆举办的徐悲鸿绘画作品展,对他的生平产生了兴趣,回来之后搜集了关于他的资料。请写一篇英文短文介绍这位伟大的画家,内容包括:
1.徐悲鸿于1895年出生于江苏,9岁开始向父亲学画;
2.作品风格多样,主题以马和鸟类为主;
3.他是有名的艺术家和教育家。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。素养测练(二)　UNIT 1　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.According to the 　　　 　 (理论),no one will draw a final conclusion from these facts.
2.What can we 　　　　(推断) from what the famous politician said just now
3.Do you know who 　　　　(建立) the charitable organisation
4.He is a 　　　　(天才) at organising people.
5.He is kind,　　　　(温柔的) and helpful.To sum up,he is a nice guy.
6.The device was protected by　　　　(专利).
7.He has a 　　　　(激情) for traditional Chinese medicine.
8.　　　　(逐渐地),the child began to understand.
9.This is a very popular 　　　　　　　　(社会公共机构).
10.She was the most remarkable woman he had ever 　　　　　　　　(遇到).
答案:1.theory　2.infer　3.founded　4.genius　5.gentle　6.patent　7.passion　8.Gradually
9.institution　10.encountered
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.Two completely opposite conclusions can be　　　　(infer) from this set of facts.
2.He has a passion 　　　　 Chinese calligraphy.
3.The girl used to be shy,but is 　　　　 (gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
4.I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it’s 　　　　 honour for me to show you around.
5.A fellow scientist　　　　 (gentle) patted his back,trying to give him the strength to persevere in the present situation.
6.She is obsessed with her work,which has taken　　　　 most of her time.
7.Whatever he has been doing 　　　　 (found) on love and respect for humanity.
8.He believed that Einstein was the most remarkable person that he had ever　　　　 (encounter).
9.His painting skills are so superb that you can find his work　　　　 (exhibit) in the best galleries in many countries.
10.He spent his whole life studying　　　　 (politician) and medieval history.
答案:1.inferred　2.for　3.gradually　4.an 5.gently　6.up　7.is founded　8.encountered
9.exhibited　10.politics
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.综上所述,精神力量对一个人克服困难至关重要。(sum up)
2.他为祖国的教育事业作出了重大贡献,值得人们尊敬。(make contributions to)
3.他是个坚持不懈的人,因此他最终取得了成功。(as a consequence)
4.我决定在一家慈善组织任职,帮助更多需要帮助的人。(take up a position)
5.昨天他太全神贯注于研究,以至于他误以为那瓶墨水是瓶牛奶。(mistake...for...)
答案:1.To sum up,mental strength is crucial for a person to overcome difficulties.
2.He has made great contributions to the education of the motherland and deserves people’s respect.
3.He was a persistent person,as a consequence,he achieved success eventually.
4.I have decided to take up a position in a charity organisation to help more people in need.
5.He was so absorbed in research yesterday that he mistook that bottle of ink for a bottle of milk.
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.According to the plan,the high-speed railway will build two branch lines—one is to Yanqing Station and the other to Taizicheng of Chongli,　　　　 the Olympic village lies.
2.The medicine is very effective,without 　　　　 many malaria patients may lose their lives.
3.China’s industrialised grape wine production didn’t start until 1892,　　　　 a successful Chinese businessman founded his wine production company in Yantai,Shandong.
4.He went to London,　　　　 he achieved one of his most remarkable achievements.
5.　　　　 is known to all,Albert Einstein is one of the greatest scientists in modern physics.
答案:1.where　2.which　3.when　4.where　5.As
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Four Environmentalists You Should Know
Throughout history,environmentalists have had a great influence not only on natural spaces,but also on our individual lives.Here are four influential ones.
John Muir (18381914)
His lifelong love for hiking began when he hiked to the Gulf of Mexico in 1867.Muir spent much of his adult life wandering in—and fighting to preserve—the wilderness of the West,especially California.His tireless efforts led to the creation of Yosemite National Park,Sequoia National Park,and millions of other conservation areas.
Rachel Carson (19071964)
Born in rural Pennsylvania,Rachel Carson went on to study biology at Johns Hopkins University.After working for the USA Fish and Wildlife Service,Carson published The Sea Around Us and other books.Her most famous work,however,was 1962’s Silent Spring,in which she described the harmful environmental effects of pesticides(杀虫剂).After Carson’s observations were proved correct,pesticides like DDT were banned.
Wangari Maathai (19402011)
Wangari Maathai was from Kenya.After studying biology in the USA,she returned to her home country to begin a career in environmental activism.Maathai founded the Green Belt Movement,which,by the early 21st century,had already planted some 30 million trees,provided jobs,and secured firewood for rural communities.In 2004,she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize while continuing to fight for the planet.
David Brower (19122000)
David Brower was associated with wilderness preservation.He became the Sierra Club’s first executive director in 1952,and then,over the next 17 years,the club membership grew from 2,000 to 77,000.It won many environmental victories under his leadership.After leaving the club,he went on to found other environmental groups like Friends of the Earth,and the Earth Island Institute.
(　　)1.Which of the four environmentalists is a writer
A.John Muir.
B.Rachel Carson.
C.Wangari Maathai.
D.David Brower.
(　　)2.What did Wangari Maathai do as an environmentalist
A.She encouraged green farming.
B.She funded rural communities.
C.She advocated growing trees.
D.She attempted to protect wild animals.
(　　)3.What title is the most suitable one for David Brower
A.An environmental activist.
B.A great social event planner.
C.A city preservationist.
D.An environmental scientist.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了四位为人类的环境改善作出贡献的环保人士,他们不仅影响了自然空间,也影响了我们的生活。
答案及剖析:
1.B　细节理解题。根据“Rachel Carson(19071964)”部分中的第二句可知,Rachel Carson 不仅是环境学家,还是一位作家。故选B。
2.C　细节理解题。根据“Wangari Maathai(19402011)”部分中的第三句可知,作为环境学家,Wangari Maathai 倡导种树。故选C。
3.A　推理判断题。根据“David Brower(19122000)”部分中的内容可知,David Brower为了环境保护不懈地努力着,成立了各种环保团体,因此最适合David Brower的称号是“环保活动家”。故选A。
B
In 2018,China became the largest producer and consumer of the fruit in the world.Wu Mingzhu,in her nineties,a native of Wuhan,is the unknown hero who has helped make this possible.
“About 80 percent of the watermelons and sweet melons served at people’s dining tables every day are the result of painful efforts made by Wu and her team over more than 60 years,”said Zhang Wenjun,a colleague of Wu’s.
Helping others had long been a dream of hers.And she thought the most beautiful thing in life is that everything you create can serve the people,so she made efforts to grow quality melons,which began paying off in 1973.She is one of the 8,000 agricultural scientists who have come to Hainan annually from across the country over the past 60 years and have cultivated(培育) more than 20,000 of China’s new seed varieties through offseason breeding.
Using innovative measures such as radiation mutation breeding,double haploid breeding and distant hybridisation breeding,Wu and her team developed new germ-plasm(种质) resources,from which they cultivated more than 30 watermelon and muskmelon(甜瓜) varieties with better adaptability and stronger disease resistance,the former director of the Xinjiang Muskmelon Research Centre said.
The new melon varieties have been promoted to more than 1.86 million hectares of fields from north to south.Some of these varieties have been promoted overseas,as far as California.Wu’s work has left her a number of honours.The “queen of melons”became an academician with the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1999 and an honorary citizen of Sanya in 2004.
(　　)4.Why did Wu Mingzhu mainly want to grow high-end melons
A.Because she wanted to make China the largest producer of melons.
B.Because China is the largest consumer of melons in the world.
C.Because she wanted to create something that could serve people.
D.Because the Chinese government asked her to grow high quality melons.
(　　)5.What can we learn about from Paragraph 4
A.Wu and her team cultivated melon varieties that could resist every disease.
B.Wu and her team cultivated high quality melons from the new germ-plasm resources.
C.Wu and her team cultivated 30 watermelon varieties from radiation mutation breeding.
D.Wu and her team cultivated melon varieties that could adapt to any circumstance.
(　　)6.Which of the following about Wu Mingzhu is not true from the text
A.She has cultivated more than 20,000 of China’s new seed varieties.
B.She is committed to her work and makes remarkable achievements.
C.She helps make China the largest producer of fruit in the world in 2018.
D.She is awarded a number of honorary titles due to her contributions.
(　　)7.What type is the text
A.A diary entry.
B.A book review.
C.A physicist’s story.
D.A news report.
语篇导读:本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了我国“西瓜之母”吴明珠院士的个人经历及其贡献。
答案及剖析:
4.C　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知,吴明珠院士之所以培育一些高端的瓜果主要是因为她想创造出能够造福人类的事物,这是她认为最美好的事情。故选C。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,吴明珠院士和她的团队成员通过种质资源培育出了30多种拥有更好的适应能力和更强的抗病能力的西瓜和甜瓜。故选B。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知,超过20 000种新型种子是由8 000多个农业科学家培育出来的。故选A。
7.D　推理判断题。浏览文章可知,文章主要介绍了我国“西瓜之母”吴明珠院士的个人经历及其贡献,所以推测,这是一篇介绍名人事迹的传记类新闻报道。D项符合推测。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
NASA physicist and mathematician Katherine Johnson passed away on 24 February 2020.The 101-year-old African American woman was a 　1　 figure,who played a significant part in the early successes of the USA 　2　 programme.
Her story was　3　 known to the public until 2016,when a movie based on her story was released.It 　4　 the lives of Johnson and two other great African American women.
With　5　 but a pencil and a slide rule,Johnson calculated the exact flight paths for the Apollo 11 　6　 on the Moon in 1969.
“We’re saddened by the　7　 of mathematician Katherine Johnson.Today,we 　8　 her 101 years of life and honour her legacy of excellence that broke down racial and social barriers,” NASA 　9　 on social media.
Johnson　10　 high school at the age of 10 and graduated at 14.The following year she entered West Virginia State College.By her junior year,she had taken every maths course the school had to 　11　.She finished college in 1937 with a double 　12　 in French and mathematics.In 1939,Johnson and two other 　13　 students became the first three African American students selected for a graduate programme at West Virginia University,an 　14　 school in Morgantown.Then she had her 　15　 at NASA,from 1953 to 1986.
(　　)1.A.popular B.legendary
C.mysterious D.arguable
(　　)2.A.pilot B.land
C.space D.ocean
(　　)3.A.usually B.currently
C.regularly D.hardly
(　　)4.A.makes B.saves
C.follows D.ignores
(　　)5.A.nothing B.anything
C.something D.everything
(　　)6.A.entering B.approaching
C.discovering D.landing
(　　)7.A.advance B.impression
C.fortune D.passing
(　　)8.A.celebrate B.trace
C.appreciate D.record
(　　)9.A.searched B.chatted
C.unfolded D.posted
(　　)10.A.finished B.missed
C.attended D.taught
(　　)11.A.postpone B.offer
C.acquire D.measure
(　　)12.A.role B.degree
C.course D.certification
(　　)13.A.selfless B.intelligent
C.enthusiastic D.courageous
(　　)14.A.all-male B.all-female
C.all-white D.all-black
(　　)15.A.career B.title
C.aim D.duty
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局物理学家和数学家Katherine Johnson的生平事迹。她在美国太空计划的早期成功中发挥了重要作用。
[文章脉络]
答案及剖析:
1.B　根据后文“who played a significant part in the early successes of the USA”可知,Johnson在美国(太空计划的)早期成功中发挥了重要作用,可见她是一个传奇(legendary)人物。故选B。
2.C　根据上文“NASA physicist and mathematician Katherine Johnson”可知,Johnson在美国国家航空航天局工作,所以是在美国太空(space)计划的早期成功中发挥了重要作用。故
选C。
3.D　“hardly...until”为固定用法,意为“直到……才”。故选D。
4.C　根据语境,该电影应该是讲述了(follows)这三位女性的人生故事。故选C。
5.A　根据后文“but a pencil and a slide rule”可知,此处应用nothing but,表示“只有”。故选A。
6.D　结合常识可知,1969年阿波罗11号登月应使用landing,其他选项不符合题意。故选D。
7.D　根据前文“NASA physicist and mathematician Katherine Johnson passed away on 24 February 2020.”可知,Katherine Johnson的去世(passing)使人感到悲伤。故选D。
8.A　根据后文“her 101 years of life”可知,此处指的是庆祝(celebrate)Johnson 101岁的诞辰。故选A。
9.D　post on social media意为“发布在社交网络上”。故选D。
10.C　根据后文“high school at the age of 10 and graduated at 14”可知,此处指Johnson 10岁上高中,attended符合题意。故选C。
11.B　“every maths course the school had to offer”意为“学校开设的每门数学课程”。其他选项不符合题意。故选B。
12.B　根据上文“She finished college in 1937”及后文“in French and mathematics”可知,Johnson大学毕业时获得了法语和数学双学位(degree)。故选B。
13.B　根据后文“students became the first three African American students selected for a graduate programme at West Virginia University”可知,Johnson和另外两名学生成为首批三名被西弗吉尼亚大学录取的非裔美国学生,结合上文提到她10岁上高中,大学毕业获得了双学位,可推测她和另外两名学生都非常聪明(intelligent)。故选B。
14.C　上文强调了Johnson和另外两名聪明的学生成为首批三名被西弗吉尼亚大学录取的非裔美国学生,结合当时的年代可推测西弗吉尼亚大学是一所全是白人的(all-white)学校。故选C。
15.A　根据后文“at NASA,from 1953 to 1986”指在NASA工作,应使用career。故选A。
Ⅲ.写作训练
　　假设你是李华,上周你参观了博物馆举办的徐悲鸿绘画作品展,对他的生平产生了兴趣,回来之后搜集了关于他的资料。请写一篇英文短文介绍这位伟大的画家,内容包括:
1.徐悲鸿于1895年出生于江苏,9岁开始向父亲学画;
2.作品风格多样,主题以马和鸟类为主;
3.他是有名的艺术家和教育家。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Xu Beihong is one of the most famous Chinese artists and educators.He was primarily known for his Chinese ink paintings of horses and birds.
Xu was born in 1895 in Jiangsu Province and at the age of nine,he started to learn painting from his father.During his lifetime,he created lots of excellent works,covering a wide range of styles.He is also one of the first representatives of artists combining Chinese ink painting with Western painting.
Due to his great contributions to painting,Xu is one of the pioneers of modern Chinese art.

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