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素养测练(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Giving examples is a good way to 　　　　 (阐明) the statement of your articles.
2.He has been an 　　　　 (教育工作者) in three different countries for about ten years.
3.The fact that she was here 　　　　 (意味着) a degree of interest.
4.She was deeply 　　　　 (羞愧) of her behaviour at the party last night.
5.Many of these ideas appear to be in　　　　 (矛盾) with each other.
6.He called them several times to 　　　　 (询问) about job possibilities.
7.The study showed that different animals would 　　　　 (作出反应) to danger in their own way.
8.“Thank you very much,” she said in a low 　　　　 (语气),smiling.
答案:1.clarify　2.educator　3.implied　4.ashamed
5.conflict　6.inquire　7.react　8.tone
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.She was 　　　　(anxiety) to finish school and find a job to support her family.
2.The students are 　　　　(occupy) in preparing for the mid-term examination.
3.I have a 　　　　(tend) to talk when I am excited.
4.When she was asked a question suddenly,her face turned red in 　　　　 (embarrass).
5.I don’t want to bother her 　　　　 my problems at the moment.
6.Mother 　　　　 (weep) with joy when she knew I had won the first prize.
7.It’s extremely hard for me to adjust 　　　　 a new environment in such short time.
8.The discovery 　　　　 (perceive) as a major breakthrough since it was released.
9.He just stood there,　　　　 (stare) at me blankly without a single word.
10.Through his own efforts,he succeeded 　　　　(ultimate).
答案:1.anxious　2.occupied　3.tendency 4.embarrassment　5.with/about　6.wept　7.to　8.has been perceived　9.staring　10.ultimately
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.如果你不认识这个单词,可以查阅字典。(look up)
2.听到这个消息,他双手掩面,不停地哭泣。(hide one’s face in one’s hands)
3.和别人谈话时进行眼神交流能显示出你对别人的尊重。(make eye contact)
4.换句话说,他们很难批判性地思考他们看到的信息。(in other words)
5.政府呼吁市民们尽可能多地搭乘公共汽车而非驾驶汽车。(call on)
答案:1.If you don’t know the word,you can look it up in the dictionary.
2.Hearing the news,he couldn’t stop crying,hiding his face in his hands.
3.Making eye contact when you are talking to others can show your respect.
4.In other words,they had difficulty critically thinking about the information they see.
5.The government calls on citizens to take the bus instead of driving a car as much as possible.
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.He can’t stand 　　　　　　　　(look) down upon.
2.She devoted herself to 　　　　 (care) for others as a nurse.
3.The expert suggested 　　　　 (use) body language appropriately in different cultures.
4.The news that my friend won the first prize in the competition was really 　　　　 (excite).
5.Some students’ favourite activity is 　　　　(play) basketball in their spare time.
答案:1.being looked　2.caring　3.using 4.exciting　5.playing
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Lauren sighed.She’d just received an email from her boss,Gus,saying that the product plan she’d been working on wasn’t going to be signed off after all.It didn’t make any sense.A week ago she was in a meeting with Gus and it seemed he was really interested in it.Sure,he hadn’t made much eye contact,and he kept looking out of the window.But she’d just put that down to him being busy.
If Lauren had known a little more about body language,she’d have realised that Gus was trying to tell her he wasn’t sold on her idea.He just wasn’t using words.
Body language is the unspoken element(要素)of communication that people use to show their true feelings,for example,their gestures,facial expressions and postures.When we are able to read these signs,it works to our advantage.For example,it can help us know about people’s reaction to what we say so that we can know what we should say to make communication easier.
Difficult conversations are an uncomfortable fact of life.Perhaps you’ve had to deal with a difficult customer,or needed to talk to someone about his/her poor performance.Often these situations are complicated (使复杂化) by feelings of nervousness,stress,or even anger.People may try to hide them,but these feelings often show through body language.
If someone is showing the behaviour,he may be uninterested or unhappy: arms folded in front of the body; body turned away from you; eyes looking downwards.However,if someone really wants to hear what you say...
(　　)1.What happened to Lauren
A.She couldn’t understand what her boss said.
B.She fell far short of her boss’s expectations.
C.She misunderstood Gus’s body language.
D.She couldn’t work out a product plan.
(　　)2.What is the main idea of the third paragraph
A.The meaning of reading body language.
B.The influence of body language.
C.The way to make full use of body language.
D.The reasons why people use body language.
(　　)3.What does the fourth paragraph tell us about body language
A.It leads to misunderstandings.
B.It helps us tell others’ feelings.
C.There are similarities in body language.
D.It is more useful than spoken language.
(　　)4.What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph
A.Body language that shows worry.
B.Body language that shows relief.
C.Body language that shows gratitude.
D.Body language that shows interest.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要通过Lauren的故事告诉我们肢体语言的重要性,并介绍了哪些肢体语言表明人们可能不感兴趣或不高兴。
答案及剖析:
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后三句和第二段内容可知,Lauren以为Gus对她的计划感兴趣,但事实上并非如此,Gus虽然没用语言,但他一直看着窗外,这个肢体语言表明了他对这个计划不感兴趣,由此可知,Lauren误解了Gus的肢体语言。故选C。
2.A　段落大意题。根据第三段的最后两句可知,了解肢体语言对我们有利,它可以帮助我们了解人们对我们所说的话的反应,使我们知道我们应该说些什么,从而使交流更容易,由此可知,第三段主要讲述的是读懂肢体语言的意义。故选A。
3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段的最后两句可知,在我们与人沟通的过程中,人们试图隐藏一些情感,例如紧张、压力甚至愤怒等,但这些感觉往往会通过肢体语言表现出来。由此可知,第四段内容告诉我们肢体语言可以帮助我们判断别人的情感。故选B。
4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,最后一段首先介绍了哪些肢体语言表明人们可能不感兴趣或不高兴,再结合“However,if someone really wants to hear what you say...”可知,下文介绍的应该是表现出感兴趣的肢体语言。故选D。
B
English is full of funny expressions that don’t always make sense.Idioms are phrases and sentences that do not mean exactly what they say.Even if you know the meaning of each word,you may not understand the idiom because you don’t understand the culture behind it.Here are some English idioms based on animals.
When children jump around and act silly,their parents may tell them to stop “monkeying around”.To “monkey around” means to do things that are not useful or serious,or to simply waste time.
Many American families have and love pet dogs.But for some unknown reason,Americans use “dog” in a phrase that means to feel unwell.If you are “as sick as a dog”,you’re really,really sick.
Sometimes you may also hear cats mentioned in conversations,“I told you to keep that secret,but you have just ‘let the cat out of the bag’!” You probably guessed it—that idiom means to reveal a secret or tell facts that were previously unknown.
Dogs and cats don’t always get along,but they appear side by side in a commonly used idiom.When it rains heavily,people might say it’s “raining cats and dogs”.
Heavy rain often ruins people’s plans for outdoor activities.But on a lovely day,you can have a picnic.If a swarm (一群) of tiny bugs love your food and start to hover (盘旋) around you,it would be really annoying.That experience perfectly explains why people often tell someone who keeps bothering them to “stop bugging me”.
Idioms are very common in both spoken and written English.If you want to have a better understanding of English,you have to learn idioms.
(　　)5.According to Paragraph 1,idioms are 　　　.
A.expressions which are based on animals
B.expressions with rich cultural background
C.expressions that always make sense
D.expressions which are easy to understand
(　　)6.“Monkeying around” can be used to describe children 　　　.
A.jumping around and wasting time
B.doing something useful and serious
C.playing with monkeys with their parents
D.spending time playing with their family pets
(　　)7.What can be learnt from the text
A.Dogs and cats always get along nicely.
B.Bugs can be used to show your annoyance.
C.Americans believe cats can give away secrets.
D.Americans use the idiom “as sick as a dog” to describe a healthy man.
(　　)8.How does the text mainly develop
A.By sharing experiences.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By giving examples.
D.By listing figures.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了英语习语的特点并列举了一些与动物相关的
习语。
答案及剖析:
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段的倒数第二句可知,习语背后有着丰富的文化背景。故选B。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,monkeying around用来形容那些跳来跳去浪费时间的孩子。故选A。
7.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“If a swarm (一群) of tiny bugs love your food...keeps bothering them to ‘stop bugging me’.”可推知,我们可以用与虫子(bug)有关的习语来表达恼怒的感觉。故选B。
8.C　推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章第一段说明了英语习语的特点,且表明下文要列举一些与动物有关的英语习语,随后第二至第六段列举了五个与动物相关的英语习语并进行了语意的探究,由此可推知,本文是以举例子的方式展开的。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
It may be difficult to understand non-verbal messages because different cultures have different expectations about eye contact,physical 　1　,etc.
Let’s consider eye contact.Children from many Asian 　2　 show respect by avoiding the glance of important persons.A teacher who’s 　3　 with this,however,might consider the lack of eye contact as a sign of disrespect.For many American Indian children,　4　 a teacher in the eye and answering her question in front of the class is “showing off ”.
Culture greatly 　5　 attitudes towards physical contact,whether it’s a handshake,hug,or pat on the back.In Asia,female friends 　6　 hold hands and men casually (随便地) hug one another as they walk down the street.Americans,however,may feel uncomfortable with such public behaviour.In some Asian cultures,affectionately patting a(n) 　7　 head is strictly taboo (禁忌的),　8　 it can be acceptable behaviour between adults and young children.
How close should people stand to each other when they’re having a conversation In areas of the Middle East and South America,people stand very close when 　9　.Europeans like to have 　10　 distance between them,while some Africans 　11　 even more space.You can create great discomfort by standing too close to another person.Not being 　12　 of this can even prevent someone from understanding or 　13　 the ideas you’re trying to get across.
To create a positive environment for communication,your non-verbal message must closely 　14　 your verbal message.One way to do this is to carefully observe how children and families speak and behave around each other and with people they respect.This can 　15　 clues about the true meaning of their non-verbal interactions.
(　　)1.A.exercise B.touch
C.education D.strength
(　　)2.A.schools B.villages
C.homelands D.cultures
(　　)3.A.uncertain B.angry
C.unfamiliar D.popular
(　　)4.A.seeing B.staring at
C.looking D.glancing at
(　　)5.A.influences B.supports
C.observes D.reduces
(　　)6.A.never B.often
C.seldom D.sometimes
(　　)7.A.child’s B.baby’s
C.adult’s D.man’s
(　　)8.A.because B.although
C.unless D.if
(　　)9.A.talking B.eating
C.waiting D.listening
(　　)10.A.more B.less
C.no D.little
(　　)11.A.hate B.prefer
C.wish D.dream
(　　)12.A.afraid B.ashamed
C.proud D.aware
(　　)13.A.suggesting B.considering
C.refusing D.accepting
(　　)14.A.pass B.explain
C.match D.prepare
(　　)15.A.provide B.support
C.prove D.search
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了不同的文化对眼神接触、身体接触等有不同的理解。另外,不同的文化对人与人之间站立距离远近的理解也有所不同。所以,要想真正了解一种文化,一定不要忽视肢体语言所传达的信息。
[文章脉络]
答案及剖析:
1.B　physical touch意为“身体接触”,从第三段的physical contact可得到提示。故选B。
2.D　根据第一段中的“because different cultures have different expectations about eye contact”可知,这里的cultures为词语复现。故选D。
3.C　根据下文“however,might consider the lack of eye contact as a sign of disrespect”可知,这里指许多亚洲文化背景的孩子通过避开重要人物的目光来表示尊重,如果不熟悉(unfamiliar)这一点的话,缺乏眼神接触就可能被认为是不尊重人的表现。此处be unfamiliar with意为“对……不熟悉”。故选C。
4.C　根据下文“a teacher in the eye”可知,此处look sb in the eye为固定搭配,表示“直视某人”,符合语境。故选C。
5.A　根据本段内容可知,本段主要是讲身体接触在不同文化中的含义不同,即“文化极大地影响(influences)了人们对身体接触的态度”。故选A。
6.B　根据连词and后并列的部分“men casually (随便地) hug one another as they walk down the street”可知,由于男性之间可以随意地拥抱,故可推测女性朋友之间也可能经常(often)手拉手。故选B。
7.C　根据下文“it can be acceptable behaviour between adults and young children”可知,这里指的是拍成人的(adult’s)头。故选C。
8.B　分析句子结构可知,空处前后之间是让步关系,应用although,表示“尽管”。故选B。
9.A　此处when talking与前一句的“when they’re having a conversation”意思一样。故选A。
10.A　根据下文“while some Africans 　11　 even more space”可知,欧洲人和非洲人都需要彼此之间有更多的(more)距离。故选A。
11.B　根据上文“Europeans like to have 　10　 distance between them”可知,该句中的while表示对比,所以该空是指一些非洲人甚至喜欢(prefer)保持更远的距离,与上文形成对比。故选B。
12.D　根据下文“can even prevent someone ...get across”可知,这里be aware of为固定搭配,意为“意识到;知道”,符合语境。故选D。
13.D　空前的or表示选择关系,内容应与前面的understanding意思相近,应用accepting,表示“接受”。故选D。
14.C　根据上文“To create a positive environment for communication”可知,为了创造一个积极的交流环境,非语言信息与语言信息要相配(match)。故选C。
15.A　根据上文“One way to do this is ...they respect.”可知,这里是指如果这样做的话,就可以为你真正理解他们的非语言交流提供(provide)线索。故选A。
Ⅲ.写作训练
　　假设你是班长李华,你班将组织一次关于肢体语言的主题班会,你要在班会上发言。请用英语写一篇发言稿,内容如下:
1.肢体语言的重要性;
2.如何合理使用肢体语言。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Boys and girls,
It’s my great honour to be here to deliver a speech about body language.
Body language plays an important role in people’s daily interactions with others.Not only can it help you make yourself more easily understood,but it also makes you adjust to new environment as soon as possible.So how do we put body language to good use First and foremost,when communicating with others,you need to smile and maintain eye contact,which will show others that you are a good listener.What’s more,you’d better nod your head from time to time to demonstrate that you’re paying attention.
Hopefully,you can realise the importance of body language and the above-mentioned tips will go a long way towards your interactions with others.Thank you.素养测练(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Giving examples is a good way to 　　　　 (阐明) the statement of your articles.
2.He has been an 　　　　 (教育工作者) in three different countries for about ten years.
3.The fact that she was here 　　　　 (意味着) a degree of interest.
4.She was deeply 　　　　 (羞愧) of her behaviour at the party last night.
5.Many of these ideas appear to be in　　　　 (矛盾) with each other.
6.He called them several times to 　　　　 (询问) about job possibilities.
7.The study showed that different animals would 　　　　 (作出反应) to danger in their own way.
8.“Thank you very much,” she said in a low 　　　　 (语气),smiling.
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.She was 　　　　(anxiety) to finish school and find a job to support her family.
2.The students are 　　　　(occupy) in preparing for the mid-term examination.
3.I have a 　　　　(tend) to talk when I am excited.
4.When she was asked a question suddenly,her face turned red in 　　　　 (embarrass).
5.I don’t want to bother her 　　　　 my problems at the moment.
6.Mother 　　　　 (weep) with joy when she knew I had won the first prize.
7.It’s extremely hard for me to adjust 　　　　 a new environment in such short time.
8.The discovery 　　　　 (perceive) as a major breakthrough since it was released.
9.He just stood there,　　　　 (stare) at me blankly without a single word.
10.Through his own efforts,he succeeded 　　　　(ultimate).
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.如果你不认识这个单词,可以查阅字典。(look up)
2.听到这个消息,他双手掩面,不停地哭泣。(hide one’s face in one’s hands)
3.和别人谈话时进行眼神交流能显示出你对别人的尊重。(make eye contact)
4.换句话说,他们很难批判性地思考他们看到的信息。(in other words)
5.政府呼吁市民们尽可能多地搭乘公共汽车而非驾驶汽车。(call on)
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.He can’t stand 　　　　　　　　(look) down upon.
2.She devoted herself to 　　　　 (care) for others as a nurse.
3.The expert suggested 　　　　 (use) body language appropriately in different cultures.
4.The news that my friend won the first prize in the competition was really 　　　　 (excite).
5.Some students’ favourite activity is 　　　　(play) basketball in their spare time.
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Lauren sighed.She’d just received an email from her boss,Gus,saying that the product plan she’d been working on wasn’t going to be signed off after all.It didn’t make any sense.A week ago she was in a meeting with Gus and it seemed he was really interested in it.Sure,he hadn’t made much eye contact,and he kept looking out of the window.But she’d just put that down to him being busy.
If Lauren had known a little more about body language,she’d have realised that Gus was trying to tell her he wasn’t sold on her idea.He just wasn’t using words.
Body language is the unspoken element(要素)of communication that people use to show their true feelings,for example,their gestures,facial expressions and postures.When we are able to read these signs,it works to our advantage.For example,it can help us know about people’s reaction to what we say so that we can know what we should say to make communication easier.
Difficult conversations are an uncomfortable fact of life.Perhaps you’ve had to deal with a difficult customer,or needed to talk to someone about his/her poor performance.Often these situations are complicated (使复杂化) by feelings of nervousness,stress,or even anger.People may try to hide them,but these feelings often show through body language.
If someone is showing the behaviour,he may be uninterested or unhappy: arms folded in front of the body; body turned away from you; eyes looking downwards.However,if someone really wants to hear what you say...
(　　)1.What happened to Lauren
A.She couldn’t understand what her boss said.
B.She fell far short of her boss’s expectations.
C.She misunderstood Gus’s body language.
D.She couldn’t work out a product plan.
(　　)2.What is the main idea of the third paragraph
A.The meaning of reading body language.
B.The influence of body language.
C.The way to make full use of body language.
D.The reasons why people use body language.
(　　)3.What does the fourth paragraph tell us about body language
A.It leads to misunderstandings.
B.It helps us tell others’ feelings.
C.There are similarities in body language.
D.It is more useful than spoken language.
(　　)4.What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph
A.Body language that shows worry.
B.Body language that shows relief.
C.Body language that shows gratitude.
D.Body language that shows interest.
B
English is full of funny expressions that don’t always make sense.Idioms are phrases and sentences that do not mean exactly what they say.Even if you know the meaning of each word,you may not understand the idiom because you don’t understand the culture behind it.Here are some English idioms based on animals.
When children jump around and act silly,their parents may tell them to stop “monkeying around”.To “monkey around” means to do things that are not useful or serious,or to simply waste time.
Many American families have and love pet dogs.But for some unknown reason,Americans use “dog” in a phrase that means to feel unwell.If you are “as sick as a dog”,you’re really,really sick.
Sometimes you may also hear cats mentioned in conversations,“I told you to keep that secret,but you have just ‘let the cat out of the bag’!” You probably guessed it—that idiom means to reveal a secret or tell facts that were previously unknown.
Dogs and cats don’t always get along,but they appear side by side in a commonly used idiom.When it rains heavily,people might say it’s “raining cats and dogs”.
Heavy rain often ruins people’s plans for outdoor activities.But on a lovely day,you can have a picnic.If a swarm (一群) of tiny bugs love your food and start to hover (盘旋) around you,it would be really annoying.That experience perfectly explains why people often tell someone who keeps bothering them to “stop bugging me”.
Idioms are very common in both spoken and written English.If you want to have a better understanding of English,you have to learn idioms.
(　　)5.According to Paragraph 1,idioms are 　　　.
A.expressions which are based on animals
B.expressions with rich cultural background
C.expressions that always make sense
D.expressions which are easy to understand
(　　)6.“Monkeying around” can be used to describe children 　　　.
A.jumping around and wasting time
B.doing something useful and serious
C.playing with monkeys with their parents
D.spending time playing with their family pets
(　　)7.What can be learnt from the text
A.Dogs and cats always get along nicely.
B.Bugs can be used to show your annoyance.
C.Americans believe cats can give away secrets.
D.Americans use the idiom “as sick as a dog” to describe a healthy man.
(　　)8.How does the text mainly develop
A.By sharing experiences.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By giving examples.
D.By listing figures.
Ⅱ.完形填空
It may be difficult to understand non-verbal messages because different cultures have different expectations about eye contact,physical 　1　,etc.
Let’s consider eye contact.Children from many Asian 　2　 show respect by avoiding the glance of important persons.A teacher who’s 　3　 with this,however,might consider the lack of eye contact as a sign of disrespect.For many American Indian children,　4　 a teacher in the eye and answering her question in front of the class is “showing off ”.
Culture greatly 　5　 attitudes towards physical contact,whether it’s a handshake,hug,or pat on the back.In Asia,female friends 　6　 hold hands and men casually (随便地) hug one another as they walk down the street.Americans,however,may feel uncomfortable with such public behaviour.In some Asian cultures,affectionately patting a(n) 　7　 head is strictly taboo (禁忌的),　8　 it can be acceptable behaviour between adults and young children.
How close should people stand to each other when they’re having a conversation In areas of the Middle East and South America,people stand very close when 　9　.Europeans like to have 　10　 distance between them,while some Africans 　11　 even more space.You can create great discomfort by standing too close to another person.Not being 　12　 of this can even prevent someone from understanding or 　13　 the ideas you’re trying to get across.
To create a positive environment for communication,your non-verbal message must closely 　14　 your verbal message.One way to do this is to carefully observe how children and families speak and behave around each other and with people they respect.This can 　15　 clues about the true meaning of their non-verbal interactions.
(　　)1.A.exercise B.touch
C.education D.strength
(　　)2.A.schools B.villages
C.homelands D.cultures
(　　)3.A.uncertain B.angry
C.unfamiliar D.popular
(　　)4.A.seeing B.staring at
C.looking D.glancing at
(　　)5.A.influences B.supports
C.observes D.reduces
(　　)6.A.never B.often
C.seldom D.sometimes
(　　)7.A.child’s B.baby’s
C.adult’s D.man’s
(　　)8.A.because B.although
C.unless D.if
(　　)9.A.talking B.eating
C.waiting D.listening
(　　)10.A.more B.less
C.no D.little
(　　)11.A.hate B.prefer
C.wish D.dream
(　　)12.A.afraid B.ashamed
C.proud D.aware
(　　)13.A.suggesting B.considering
C.refusing D.accepting
(　　)14.A.pass B.explain
C.match D.prepare
(　　)15.A.provide B.support
C.prove D.search
Ⅲ.写作训练
　　假设你是班长李华,你班将组织一次关于肢体语言的主题班会,你要在班会上发言。请用英语写一篇发言稿,内容如下:
1.肢体语言的重要性;
2.如何合理使用肢体语言。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。

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