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综合素养提升练(三)
第一部分　阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Futurologists (未来学家) predict that life will probably be very apparently distinct in 2050 in all the fields of activity,from entertainment to technology.
First of all,it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050.Instead,people will choose a programme from a “menu” and a computer will send the programme directly to the television.Today,we can use the Internet to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometres away.By 2050,music,films,programmes,newspapers and books will come to us by computer.We will also be able to see,smell and touch the things that we see on television.
In transport,cars will run on new,clean “gas” and they will go very fast.Cars will have computers to control the speed of the car and there won’t be any accidents.Today,many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are.By 2050,the computer will control the car and drive it to where you want to go.Space planes will fly all over the world and people will fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just two hours.
In technology,robots will have replaced people in factories.Many factories already use robots.Big companies prefer robots—they do not ask for pay rises,and they work 24 hours a day.By 2050,we will see robots everywhere—in factories,schools,offices,hospitals,shops and homes.
Last but not least,medicine technology will have conquered many diseases.By 2050,we will be able to help blind and deaf people see again and hear again.Scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look,how they behave and how much intelligence they have.
(　　)1.What will happen to television by 2050 according to the passage
A.It will completely disappear.
B.It will be mostly controlled by computer.
C.One can try the food one sees on television.
D.One can learn to switch on TV set from a “menu”.
(　　)2.How does the transport benefit people most by 2050
A.Cars will go at a very high speed on their own.
B.Computers will tell people where they are going.
C.There will be less pollution and no car accidents.
D.Space planes will fly all over the world in a short time.
(　　)3.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.People will live more healthily and longer by 2050.
B.There will be no people working in factories by 2050.
C.There will be cloned people coming to power by 2050.
D.People can read newspapers through a computer by 2050.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要从电视、交通、科技、医学等不同方面介绍了未来生活的变化。
答案及剖析:
1.B　推理判断题。根据第二段的第一、第二句以及倒数第二句可知,到2050年,所有的电视频道将会消失,人们将从“菜单”中选择节目,计算机将节目直接发送到电视机上。即电视机将由计算机控制。故选B。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段的第一、第二句可知,到2050年,汽车会使用更清洁的“汽油”,其污染更少,速度更快且不会发生任何事故。故选C。
3.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,到2050年,医学技术将有进一步的提升,将能攻克更多的疾病,也就意味着人类到那时会活得更久更健康。故选A。
B
As the Chinese saying goes,a seed can change the world; a variety can benefit a nation.Zhang Daorong,who has spent the last few decades cultivating 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security efforts,has done both.
After graduating from Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University in Daqing,Heilongjiang Province,in 1996,Zhang has been working as a researcher at Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hubei Province.
Agricultural research work was hard and complicated.First she led her colleagues to suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose.Then,the team tried a hybrid combination.After several generations of trial and selection,and when characteristics remained steady,they began a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification.After several more rounds of tests,an application for evaluation and approval was made to provincial or national authorities for market production.
The wheat varieties developed by Zhang and her colleagues made great profits.One of them produces large seed heads and is highly resistant to stripe rust; another is highly resistant to pre-harvest sprouting,which results in a decrease of the grain yield.
Today,the woman,known as the “mother of wheat”,still works on the land.She considers it her responsibility to work hard and contribute to food safety.“Agricultural research work is hard and complicated.All we can do is think more,discuss more,ask more questions and find answers on the land,” she said.
(　　)4.What can we learn about Zhang Daorong
A.Her work is important and demanding.
B.She got highly paid when she worked in Hubei.
C.She retired after being titled the “mother of wheat”.
D.Her wheat varieties have high production but low disease resistance.
(　　)5.What is the third paragraph mainly about
A.What difficulty Zhang met in the research.
B.How Zhang and her team did agricultural research.
C.What contributions Zhang made to Chinese agriculture.
D.Why Zhang and her team developed a hybrid wheat type.
(　　)6.Which of the following can best describe Zhang Daorong
A.Generous and caring.
B.Determined and honest.
C.Responsible and devoted.
D.Modest and knowledgeable.
(　　)7.What’s the writing purpose of the passage
A.To introduce a great scientist.
B.To advertise some high-profit wheat varieties.
C.To state the importance of agricultural research.
D.To encourage young people to work on agriculture.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家张道荣的个人经历、工作特点以及取得的成就。
答案及剖析:
4.A　细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句以及最后一段内容可知,张道荣的工作很重要,要求也很高。故选A。
5.B　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知,第三段主要介绍张道荣和她的团队是如何进行农业研究的。故选B。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第一段以及最后一段内容可推知,张道荣有责任心和奉献精神。故选C。
7.A　推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了科学家张道荣的个人经历、工作特点以及取得的成就。由此可推知,文章的写作目的是介绍一位伟大的科学家。故选A。
C
In what is believed to be a world first,researchers in the University of South Australia have designed a self-sufficient solar-driven system that evaporates(蒸发)seawater and recycles it into freshwater,growing crops without any human intervention.It could help address global food shortages in the decades ahead,with the world’s population expected to reach 10 billion by 2050.
Professor Xu Haolan and Dr Gary Owens from UniSA’s Future Industries Institute have developed the vertical(垂直的) floating sea farm which consists of two parts: an upper layer room similar to a glasshouse and a lower water harvest room.
“In this case,clean water is supplied by a line of solar evaporators that absorb the seawater,trap the salts in the evaporator body and,under the sun’s rays,release clean water vapour into the air which is then concentrated on water belts and transported to the upper plant growth part,” Dr Owens says.
The system,which is powered only by solar light,has several advantages over other solar sea farm designs currently being trialled,according to Professor Xu.“Other designs have built evaporators inside the growth room,which takes up valuable space that could otherwise be used for plant growth.Also,these systems are very likely to suffer from overheating and crop death,” Professor Xu says.
“In our design,the vertical distribution(分布)of evaporators and the growth room decrease the device’s overall footprint,maximising the area for food production.It is fully automatic,low-cost,and extremely easy to operate,using only solar energy and seawater to produce clean water and grow crops.”
Dr Owens says their design is only proof-of-concept at this stage,but the next step is to scale it up using a small line of individual devices to increase plant production.Meeting larger food supply needs will mean increasing both the size and number of devices.
(　　)8.What can the vertical floating sea farm system do
A.Address the problem of sea pollution.
B.Deal with the problem of food shortages.
C.Raise awareness of global food safety.
D.Assist fishermen with intelligent fishing techniques.
(　　)9.What does Paragraph 3 focus on
A.The makeup of the system.
B.The distinct advantages of the system.
C.The working principle of the system.
D.The application prospects of the system.
(　　)pared to other solar sea farm designs,the vertical floating sea farm 　　　.
A.is more difficult to maintain
B.makes the most of the space
C.relies on wind power for operation
D.is likely to be affected by crop loss
(　　)11.What does the underlined phrase “scale it up” mean
A.Expand. B.Reduce.
C.Revise. D.Promote.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过自给自足的太阳能驱动系统实现无人介入的农作物种植。这种系统有助于解决未来几十年全球粮食短缺的问题。
答案及剖析:
8.B　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知,垂直浮动海洋农场可以在未来几十年内助力解决全球粮食短缺问题。故选B。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,本段主要讲的是该系统的工作原理,即使用太阳能蒸发器来处理海水并产生清洁水蒸气,然后通过水带进行集中,并输送到植物的上部生长部分。故选C。
10.B　推理判断题。根据第四段的第二句可知,其他太阳能海洋农场的设计是在生长室内建造蒸发器,这占用了原本可以用于植物生长的宝贵空间,由此可推断,与其他太阳能海洋农场设计相比,垂直浮动海洋农场更好地利用了空间。故选B。
11.A　短语猜测题。根据画线短语上下文可知,该设计目前还处于概念验证阶段,下一步是扩大其规模,使用一条小型的设备线提高植物产量。满足更大的食品供应需求意味着需要扩大设备的规模和数量。因此,scale it up意为“扩大”。故选A。
D
One reason why robots will never fully measure up to people is that they lack human-like social skills.But researchers are experimenting with new methods to give robots social skills to better interact with humans.
The experiment was carried out by researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).The team developed a machine learning system for self-driving vehicles that is designed to learn the social characteristics of other drivers.The researchers studied driving situations to learn how other drivers on the road were likely to behave.Since not all human drivers act the same way,the data was meant to teach the driverless car to elude dangerous situations.
The researchers said the technology uses tools borrowed from the field of social psychology (心理学).In this experiment,scientists created a system that attempted to decide whether a person’s driving style is more selfish or selfless.In road tests,self-driving vehicles equipped with the system improved their ability to predict what other drivers would do by up to 25%.
In one test,the self-driving car was observed making a left-hand turn.The study found the system could cause the vehicle to wait before making the turn if it predicted the oncoming drivers acted selfishly and might be unsafe.But when the oncoming vehicles were judged to be selfless,the self-driving car could make the turn without delay (延迟) because it saw less risk of unsafe behaviour.
The MIT team planned to expand its research model to include other things that a self-driving vehicle might need to deal with.These included predictions about people walking around traffic,as well as bicycles and other things found in driving environments.The researchers believed the technology could also be used in vehicles with human drivers.It could act as a warning system against other drivers judged to be behaving badly.
(　　)12.What is the purpose of the experiment
A.To reduce human drivers’ mistakes.
B.To develop a machine learning system.
C.To give robots human-like social skills.
D.To prove robots can never replace humans.
(　　)13.What does the underlined word “elude” mean in Paragraph 2
A.Avoid. B.Monitor.
C.Investigate. D.Record.
(　　)14.What caused the self-driving car to wait or turn quickly
A.The traffic lights.
B.The road markings.
C.The human drivers’ directions.
D.The oncoming drivers’ driving styles.
(　　)15.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.More traffic participants will be involved in the research.
B.Walkers and cyclists will be invited to join in the project.
C.New rules will be developed for road users.
D.Human drivers will make way for robots.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员正在试验新方法,让机器人掌握类人的社交技能,更好地与人类互动;该团队为自动驾驶汽车开发了一个机器学习系统,旨在了解人类司机的行为方式。
答案及剖析:
12.C　推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句可知,新研究的目的是赋予机器人类人的社交技能。故选C。
13.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Since not all human drivers act...teach the driverless car to”以及后文“dangerous situations”可知,由于并非所有人类司机的行为方式都一样,这些数据旨在教会无人驾驶汽车避开危险情况。故画线词意思应是“避免”,与Avoid意思一致。故选A。
14.D　推理判断题。根据第四段的“The study found the system could...less risk of unsafe behaviour.”可知,迎面驶来的司机的驾驶风格会导致自动驾驶汽车等待或快速转弯。
故选D。
15.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一、第二句可推知,更多的交通参与者将参与研究。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travel with a Green Conscience (良知)
Travel is a form of consumption,from jet fuel to trash.It’s up to you to determine how much waste you will produce on your trip.For me,seeing the world has been an education on the environment and the challenges we face.16.　　　 Ironically,travel has made me “greener”.
Take public transport or carpool.Public buses or trains are an eco-friendly option for getting around your destination.Many youth hostels have carpool sign-ups for popular trips,
which is an exciting way to meet fellow travellers.On my first day in a new city,I get a map and start walking!17.　 　
Be aware of food packaging and waste.As for packaging,to-go containers are made of Styrofoam,paper or plastic bags,which almost always end up in the garbage.Be conscious of your purchases.Street vendors (小贩) sometimes offer delicious finger food,such as kabobs,
which have little to no food packaging.Pack your own silverware (镀银餐具).18.　 　　 Every little bit helps.
19.　　　 As I backpacked through Thailand recently,I noticed that most of the trash littered on the beaches and in the streets was from tourists.It disgusted me.Why would you come all this way to see a beautiful beach,only to destroy it I began picking up litter when I saw it and disposing of it properly.When I go on a hike and see trash on the trail,I pick it up.You can help compensate (补偿) for others by going the extra mile!
Consider the sustainability of the ecosystem.Before travelling to a new country,do your research.Are the waters overfished Do they import their meat from another country How much meat,fish,grain does the average local eat How much water,gas,electricity does the average local use 20.　　　 Being eco-friendly will enhance your adventure.
A.Refuse a straw (吸管) in your drink.
B.Be a part of the solution not the problem.
C.Challenge yourself to live like the locals.
D.Witnessing other cultures has inspired me to reduce my carbon footprint.
E.My travel clothes are also quick-dry fabrics or wool,so they dry quickly.
F.Exploring on foot is great exercise and offers people excellent watching opportunities.
G.This information can help you make educated discussions on your consumption.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在旅行时我们应该借鉴的4种绿色环保的做法。
答案及剖析:
16.D　根据空前的“For me,seeing the world...the challenges we face.”可知,接下来应叙述观察世界带给“我”的教育意义是什么。D项与前文逻辑一致,符合题意。故选D。
17.F　空前引出步行这一交通方式,所以空处应承接上文,讲述步行带给旅行者的好处是什么。故选F。
18.A　空前的“Pack your own silverware (镀银餐具).”表示“我们”应该自带餐具,空后的“Every little bit helps.”表示一点小事都能有所帮助,A项同样为可以做的小事,符合语境。故选A。
19.B　根据本段中的“I began picking up litter when I saw it and disposing of it properly.”和“You can help compensate (补偿)for others by going the extra mile!”可知,本段讲述了我们可以对别人做的错事进行弥补,解决别人制造的问题。故选B。
20.G　空前内容讲到了我们去一个国家旅行前,需要了解这个国家的相关环保信息。因此空处承接上文,讲述了解这些信息对我们的旅行会有所帮助。故选G。
第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One little girl in Dayton,Maine,has unknowingly changed the culture of her school when she became the first and only deaf student to attend.
Morey Belanger was diagnosed (诊断) with a rare disease when she was one year old.The disease is so rare that it doesn’t even have a name.One complications (并发症) the disease can bring about is 　21　 loss,which Morey has already suffered.Therefore,she has to use sign language to 　22　.
When she reached the age to go to school,her parents were 　23　 about how she could receive education in normal schools.　24　,they met with a school.The school was 　25　 to learn sign language and provide the services she needed.
Still,Morey’s mother Shannon only 　26　 that the teachers teaching her daughter would learn sign language.Never did she imagine that all the students would also learn it.“It makes our whole family just 　27　,” Shannon says.
Apart from her classroom,Morey also goes to the gym class and the library,and people throughout the school are trying their best to 　28　 what’s best for her.
The school made efforts to make Morey feel she was 　29　 and loved.For example,it hung sign language posters in the hallway and held parties at which sign language 　30　 were given.
“We did these things 　31　 they are the right things to do.She is one of our students,” says Kim Sampietro,the school’s headteacher.
But even if these things were simply the right ones to do,nobody at the school could deny (否认) the 　32　 that Morey and the need to learn sign language have had on the school.
“She’s just brought something to our school that wouldn’t have been there.I think it’s a chance for learning and growth when we have a child who has something 　33　,” says Sampietro.“She’ll be with the same class through the 5th grade,so I imagine all these kids will 　34　 to learn sign language.It just makes her feel like she’s part of the school and she’s 　35　 as she is.”
(　　)21.A.hearing B.nutrition
C.weight D.memory
(　　)22.A.speak B.practice
C.fight D.communicate
(　　)23.A.certain B.alarmed
C.worried D.positive
(　　)24.A.Normally B.Regularly
C.Simply D.Fortunately
(　　)25.A.anxious B.willing
C.concerned D.generous
(　　)26.A.discovered B.expected
C.recognised D.spotted
(　　)27.A.confused B.annoyed
C.moved D.stressed
(　　)28.A.offer B.provide
C.gather D.desire
(　　)29.A.admired B.believed
C.challenged D.respected
(　　)30.A.performances B.explanations
C.interviews D.themes
(　　)31.A.if B.though
C.because D.unless
(　　)32.A.comment B.effect
C.limitation D.resource
(　　)33.A.extreme B.familiar
C.mental D.different
(　　)34.A.continue B.volunteer
C.decide D.manage
(　　)35.A.acquired B.accepted
C.kept D.proved
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了失聪女孩Morey所在的学校不但接受了她,而且老师们和学生们还为其学习手语的故事。
[文章脉络]
Character Morey Belanger,her mother Shannon,Kim Sampietro
What Morey was deaf and when she went to school,her parents were worried.But the teachers and students in the school were kind to her.
How Not only did the teachers learn sign language but also the students did so.
Result Morey felt loved and respected.
答案及剖析:
21.A　根据前文“when she became the first and only deaf student to attend”可知,她成了学校第一个也是唯一一个失聪的学生,因此这种疾病的并发症是听力(hearing)缺失。故选A。
22.D　Morey因病失聪,所以只能用手语交流(communicate)。故选D。
23.C　根据常识可知,如果孩子失聪,在正常的学校里是很难学习的,所以父母会为之感到担忧(worried)。故选C。
24.D　根据后文“The school was...she needed.”可知,Morey的父母找到了合适的学校,所以空处应填“幸运的是(Fortunately)”。故选D。
25.B　根据上文“she has to use sign language to 　42　”可知,Morey需要就读能够用手语交流的学校,而这所学校(的师生)愿意(willing)为了她学习手语。故选B。
26.B　根据上下文语境可知,此处表示母亲认为(expected)只有教女儿的老师们会学手语。故选B。
27.C　根据上文“Never did she imagine that all the students would also learn it.”可知,Morey的母亲原本认为只有教女儿的老师们会学习手语,但是学生们也都在学习手语,这让Morey不会那么尴尬,所以母亲很感动(moved)。故选C。
28.B　provide sth for sb表示“给某人提供某物”,是固定搭配,而offer表示“提供”时需要用offer sth to sb,根据后文的for her可知,provide为最佳答案。故选B。
29.D　根据下文“it hung sign language posters...were given.”可知,学校组织手语活动,是为了让Morey感到受到尊重(respected)。故选D。
30.A　在聚会上有手语表演(performances)。故选A。
31.C　本句前后是因果关系。故选C。
32.B　根据后文“She’s just brought something to our school that wouldn’t have been there.”可知,Morey对学校产生了影响(effect)。故选B。
33.D　这个学校的学生除常规学习外,还学习手语,所以是不同寻常的(different)事情。故选D。
34.A　根据上文“She’ll be with the same class through the 5th grade”可知,Morey直到五年级会一直在同一个班,所以同班的学生也会继续(continue)学习手语。故选A。
35.B　根据上下文语境可知,Morey渐渐融入学校,同时她也为学校所接受(accepted)。
故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu Rong,a famous artist,thinks of a new way to introduce the ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book.In the book,I Am Hua Mulan,she tells the story by 36.　　　　 (combine) paper-cutting with international artistic styles.She places paper-cuts over Western-style pencil sketches (素描) 37.　　　　 (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements,which turns out to be a 38.　　　　 (success) and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan,39.　　　　 story has been told by generations in China,was a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386534).As 40.　　　　 devoted daughter,she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army 41.　　　　 place of her father.Mulan’s characteristics,such as courage,kindness and disinterest in fame and fortune,made 42.　　　　 (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines.Mulan’s story has been adapted 43.　　　　 (frequent) in the modern media.For example,in 1998,Disney produced a film named Mulan,which 44.　　　　 (consider) a great success by critics and the public.
To better tell the story,Yu Rong draws inspiration from her several 45.　　　　 (visit) to sites of ancient battles and Henan Opera.
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了艺术家郁蓉通过把中国的剪纸和国际上流行的艺术形式结合在一起,创作了含有中国特色的图画书《我是花木兰》的事情。
答案及剖析:
bining　考查固定用法。本句中的by是介词,后应接动名词作宾语。故填combining。
37.to create　考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,空处需填入动词不定式作目的状语。故填to create。
38.successful　考查形容词。句中and连接空处和形容词impressive,为并列结构,作名词breakthrough的定语,故填successful。
39.whose　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Hua Mulan,指人,且在从句中作定语,表示所属关系,故填whose。
40.a　考查冠词。句中的daughter为泛指且以辅音音素开头。故填a。
41.in　考查介词。固定短语in place of意为“代替”,故填in。
42.her　考查代词。分析句子可知,空处作动词make的宾语,需用宾格形式。故填her。
43.frequently　考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处作状语修饰动词adapted,应用副词形式。故填frequently。
44.was considered　考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,从句中缺少谓语,从句主语which指代《花木兰》这部电影,为单数,且与动词之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态,根据主句时态可知应用一般过去时。故填was considered。
45.visits　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知,空处需填名词作宾语,visit表“参观”时为可数名词,且空前有several修饰,应用复数形式。故填visits。
第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是红星中学的李华,得知学校将在本周末举办一次蔬菜种植活动。请用英语写一封电子邮件邀请你的朋友Sam参加。内容包括:
1.写电子邮件的目的;
2.活动时间、地点和内容;
3.表达期望。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Sam,
Yours,
Li Hua
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Dear Sam,
We are scheduled to go to a farm near our school to experience the countryside life on Sunday.I am writing to invite you to come.
It will take us about an hour to get there.After arrival,we will assist the farmers to grow various vegetables.Some of us will help to water them.At noon we will enjoy a typical farmhouse meal there.After that,we will head back to school.Indeed,I think it is a good chance for you to see what life is like in the countryside of China.
For some more details,don’t hesitate to contact me.Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的
短文。
Nature,while beautiful,could also be unpredictable and merciless.But most importantly we bear in mind that in the darkest times,there’s always a light at the end of the tunnel,just like Mrs Evans’s cabin light.
One bright summer day,my friend Peter and I decided to venture into the unexplored trails of the Great Smoky Mountains.Blessed with rich biodiversity and fascinating landscapes,the national park seemed a perfect getaway.Little did we know that our casual hike would soon turn into an unexpected personal incident,forever engraved in our memories.
We set off early in the morning,equipped with our backpacks and a map that was supposed to guide us through the winding trails.The sun was up,casting long shadows on the forest floor as we set off on our journey.We trekked (艰难行走),laughed,and marveled at the beauty of nature around us.
As we trekked through the dense forests,taking in the natural wonders around us,we couldn’t help but feel a sense of adventure coursing through our veins.The trail was rugged and uneven,but we persevered through the challenging landscape.
Midway through our expedition,we stumbled upon a breathtaking waterfall,its glistening waters cascading down the rocks in a quiet and peaceful melody.We sat down by the water’s edge,taking a moment to get lost in the beauty of nature.The cool mist from the waterfall enveloped us,and we felt refreshed and energetic.
As the day wore on,we ventured deeper into the wilderness,eager to explore every corner of this natural paradise.We were so absorbed in the beauty of nature that just didn’t notice our way and it seemed that we could not find the way back to the familiar part of the forest.Panicking,we scrambled to find our way back but the dense vegetation and winding trails only served to confuse us further.We tried to remember any possible signs that might lead us back.No sooner had we celebrated our return to the clear trails than something worse happened.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly,the weather took an abrupt turn.
Paragraph 2:
Just when we were about to give up,a faint light flickered in the distance.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
Who Peter,I,Mrs Evans 愉悦、放松 恐慌 绝望、恐惧 好奇、重燃希望 感触深刻
When One bright summer day
Where Unexplored trails of the Great Smoky Mountains
What Peter and I went on an adventurous trip in the national park,which was both rewarding and challenging.
Theme When Peter and I felt hopeless about getting lost,we caught sight of Mrs Evans’s cabin light and got help from her.
Conflict & Clue Conflict:The downpour made the clear trail become a muddy mess and we couldn’t find other ways out. Clue: Directed by the cabin light,we met Mrs Evans in the park and managed to find the correct way under her help.
Para.1 Suddenly,the weather took an abrupt turn. Q1:What was the weather like after the abrupt turn Q2:What new problem did Peter and I meet And what efforts did we make to overcome the problem Q3:After all the attempts,what was the final result and how did we feel about it
Para.2 Just when we were about to give up,a faint light flickered in the distance. Q1:Where did the faint light come from And what did we find Q2:Whose help did we finally get And why was this person in the park Q3:How did I feel after the whole event
One possible version:
Suddenly,the weather took an abrupt turn. Dark clouds shrouded the sky,and a heavy downpour ensued. The comforting forest sounds quickly proved a terrifying symphony of thunder and wind.The trail that was once so clear became a muddy mess,making it impossible to go on . We tried to consult our map,but it was too late; we got lost in the wilderness.
Hours passing,our attempts to find the trail turned out to be in vain. With the cold creeping in,despair started to set in.
Just when we were about to give up,a faint light flickered in the distance. Curiosity overpowered our fear,and we decided to follow it.When we drew nearer,we saw a small cabin,lights shining from its windows. As we knocked on the door,an elderly woman,Mrs Evans, welcomed us with a warm smile.She was a retired ranger who had chosen to live her twilight years in the heart of the mountains.She offered us shelter for the night,and the next morning,guided us back to the main trail.This incident strengthened our friendship and taught us the importance of resilience and hope.The experience was beyond expectations,terrifying,
but enlightening all the same.
注释:shroud意为“笼罩”,ensue意为“继而发生”,此处为环境描写。
making it impossible to go on为现在分词短语作结果状语。
Hours passing为独立主格结构,in vain 意为“徒劳;白费”。
With the cold creeping in 为with 复合结构;creep in 意为 “渐渐侵入”,set in意为“产生;开始”。
When we drew nearer为when 引导的时间状语从句,lights shining from its windows为独立主格结构。综合素养提升练(三)
第一部分　阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Futurologists (未来学家) predict that life will probably be very apparently distinct in 2050 in all the fields of activity,from entertainment to technology.
First of all,it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050.Instead,people will choose a programme from a “menu” and a computer will send the programme directly to the television.Today,we can use the Internet to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometres away.By 2050,music,films,programmes,newspapers and books will come to us by computer.We will also be able to see,smell and touch the things that we see on television.
In transport,cars will run on new,clean “gas” and they will go very fast.Cars will have computers to control the speed of the car and there won’t be any accidents.Today,many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are.By 2050,the computer will control the car and drive it to where you want to go.Space planes will fly all over the world and people will fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just two hours.
In technology,robots will have replaced people in factories.Many factories already use robots.Big companies prefer robots—they do not ask for pay rises,and they work 24 hours a day.By 2050,we will see robots everywhere—in factories,schools,offices,hospitals,shops and homes.
Last but not least,medicine technology will have conquered many diseases.By 2050,we will be able to help blind and deaf people see again and hear again.Scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look,how they behave and how much intelligence they have.
(　　)1.What will happen to television by 2050 according to the passage
A.It will completely disappear.
B.It will be mostly controlled by computer.
C.One can try the food one sees on television.
D.One can learn to switch on TV set from a “menu”.
(　　)2.How does the transport benefit people most by 2050
A.Cars will go at a very high speed on their own.
B.Computers will tell people where they are going.
C.There will be less pollution and no car accidents.
D.Space planes will fly all over the world in a short time.
(　　)3.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.People will live more healthily and longer by 2050.
B.There will be no people working in factories by 2050.
C.There will be cloned people coming to power by 2050.
D.People can read newspapers through a computer by 2050.
B
As the Chinese saying goes,a seed can change the world; a variety can benefit a nation.Zhang Daorong,who has spent the last few decades cultivating 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security efforts,has done both.
After graduating from Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University in Daqing,Heilongjiang Province,in 1996,Zhang has been working as a researcher at Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hubei Province.
Agricultural research work was hard and complicated.First she led her colleagues to suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose.Then,the team tried a hybrid combination.After several generations of trial and selection,and when characteristics remained steady,they began a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification.After several more rounds of tests,an application for evaluation and approval was made to provincial or national authorities for market production.
The wheat varieties developed by Zhang and her colleagues made great profits.One of them produces large seed heads and is highly resistant to stripe rust; another is highly resistant to pre-harvest sprouting,which results in a decrease of the grain yield.
Today,the woman,known as the “mother of wheat”,still works on the land.She considers it her responsibility to work hard and contribute to food safety.“Agricultural research work is hard and complicated.All we can do is think more,discuss more,ask more questions and find answers on the land,” she said.
(　　)4.What can we learn about Zhang Daorong
A.Her work is important and demanding.
B.She got highly paid when she worked in Hubei.
C.She retired after being titled the “mother of wheat”.
D.Her wheat varieties have high production but low disease resistance.
(　　)5.What is the third paragraph mainly about
A.What difficulty Zhang met in the research.
B.How Zhang and her team did agricultural research.
C.What contributions Zhang made to Chinese agriculture.
D.Why Zhang and her team developed a hybrid wheat type.
(　　)6.Which of the following can best describe Zhang Daorong
A.Generous and caring.
B.Determined and honest.
C.Responsible and devoted.
D.Modest and knowledgeable.
(　　)7.What’s the writing purpose of the passage
A.To introduce a great scientist.
B.To advertise some high-profit wheat varieties.
C.To state the importance of agricultural research.
D.To encourage young people to work on agriculture.
C
In what is believed to be a world first,researchers in the University of South Australia have designed a self-sufficient solar-driven system that evaporates(蒸发)seawater and recycles it into freshwater,growing crops without any human intervention.It could help address global food shortages in the decades ahead,with the world’s population expected to reach 10 billion by 2050.
Professor Xu Haolan and Dr Gary Owens from UniSA’s Future Industries Institute have developed the vertical(垂直的) floating sea farm which consists of two parts: an upper layer room similar to a glasshouse and a lower water harvest room.
“In this case,clean water is supplied by a line of solar evaporators that absorb the seawater,trap the salts in the evaporator body and,under the sun’s rays,release clean water vapour into the air which is then concentrated on water belts and transported to the upper plant growth part,” Dr Owens says.
The system,which is powered only by solar light,has several advantages over other solar sea farm designs currently being trialled,according to Professor Xu.“Other designs have built evaporators inside the growth room,which takes up valuable space that could otherwise be used for plant growth.Also,these systems are very likely to suffer from overheating and crop death,” Professor Xu says.
“In our design,the vertical distribution(分布)of evaporators and the growth room decrease the device’s overall footprint,maximising the area for food production.It is fully automatic,low-cost,and extremely easy to operate,using only solar energy and seawater to produce clean water and grow crops.”
Dr Owens says their design is only proof-of-concept at this stage,but the next step is to scale it up using a small line of individual devices to increase plant production.Meeting larger food supply needs will mean increasing both the size and number of devices.
(　　)8.What can the vertical floating sea farm system do
A.Address the problem of sea pollution.
B.Deal with the problem of food shortages.
C.Raise awareness of global food safety.
D.Assist fishermen with intelligent fishing techniques.
(　　)9.What does Paragraph 3 focus on
A.The makeup of the system.
B.The distinct advantages of the system.
C.The working principle of the system.
D.The application prospects of the system.
(　　)pared to other solar sea farm designs,the vertical floating sea farm 　　　.
A.is more difficult to maintain
B.makes the most of the space
C.relies on wind power for operation
D.is likely to be affected by crop loss
(　　)11.What does the underlined phrase “scale it up” mean
A.Expand. B.Reduce.
C.Revise. D.Promote.
D
One reason why robots will never fully measure up to people is that they lack human-like social skills.But researchers are experimenting with new methods to give robots social skills to better interact with humans.
The experiment was carried out by researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).The team developed a machine learning system for self-driving vehicles that is designed to learn the social characteristics of other drivers.The researchers studied driving situations to learn how other drivers on the road were likely to behave.Since not all human drivers act the same way,the data was meant to teach the driverless car to elude dangerous situations.
The researchers said the technology uses tools borrowed from the field of social psychology (心理学).In this experiment,scientists created a system that attempted to decide whether a person’s driving style is more selfish or selfless.In road tests,self-driving vehicles equipped with the system improved their ability to predict what other drivers would do by up to 25%.
In one test,the self-driving car was observed making a left-hand turn.The study found the system could cause the vehicle to wait before making the turn if it predicted the oncoming drivers acted selfishly and might be unsafe.But when the oncoming vehicles were judged to be selfless,the self-driving car could make the turn without delay (延迟) because it saw less risk of unsafe behaviour.
The MIT team planned to expand its research model to include other things that a self-driving vehicle might need to deal with.These included predictions about people walking around traffic,as well as bicycles and other things found in driving environments.The researchers believed the technology could also be used in vehicles with human drivers.It could act as a warning system against other drivers judged to be behaving badly.
(　　)12.What is the purpose of the experiment
A.To reduce human drivers’ mistakes.
B.To develop a machine learning system.
C.To give robots human-like social skills.
D.To prove robots can never replace humans.
(　　)13.What does the underlined word “elude” mean in Paragraph 2
A.Avoid. B.Monitor.
C.Investigate. D.Record.
(　　)14.What caused the self-driving car to wait or turn quickly
A.The traffic lights.
B.The road markings.
C.The human drivers’ directions.
D.The oncoming drivers’ driving styles.
(　　)15.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.More traffic participants will be involved in the research.
B.Walkers and cyclists will be invited to join in the project.
C.New rules will be developed for road users.
D.Human drivers will make way for robots.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travel with a Green Conscience (良知)
Travel is a form of consumption,from jet fuel to trash.It’s up to you to determine how much waste you will produce on your trip.For me,seeing the world has been an education on the environment and the challenges we face.16.　　　 Ironically,travel has made me “greener”.
Take public transport or carpool.Public buses or trains are an eco-friendly option for getting around your destination.Many youth hostels have carpool sign-ups for popular trips,
which is an exciting way to meet fellow travellers.On my first day in a new city,I get a map and start walking!17.　 　
Be aware of food packaging and waste.As for packaging,to-go containers are made of Styrofoam,paper or plastic bags,which almost always end up in the garbage.Be conscious of your purchases.Street vendors (小贩) sometimes offer delicious finger food,such as kabobs,
which have little to no food packaging.Pack your own silverware (镀银餐具).18.　 　　 Every little bit helps.
19.　　　 As I backpacked through Thailand recently,I noticed that most of the trash littered on the beaches and in the streets was from tourists.It disgusted me.Why would you come all this way to see a beautiful beach,only to destroy it I began picking up litter when I saw it and disposing of it properly.When I go on a hike and see trash on the trail,I pick it up.You can help compensate (补偿) for others by going the extra mile!
Consider the sustainability of the ecosystem.Before travelling to a new country,do your research.Are the waters overfished Do they import their meat from another country How much meat,fish,grain does the average local eat How much water,gas,electricity does the average local use 20.　　　 Being eco-friendly will enhance your adventure.
A.Refuse a straw (吸管) in your drink.
B.Be a part of the solution not the problem.
C.Challenge yourself to live like the locals.
D.Witnessing other cultures has inspired me to reduce my carbon footprint.
E.My travel clothes are also quick-dry fabrics or wool,so they dry quickly.
F.Exploring on foot is great exercise and offers people excellent watching opportunities.
G.This information can help you make educated discussions on your consumption.
第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One little girl in Dayton,Maine,has unknowingly changed the culture of her school when she became the first and only deaf student to attend.
Morey Belanger was diagnosed (诊断) with a rare disease when she was one year old.The disease is so rare that it doesn’t even have a name.One complications (并发症) the disease can bring about is 　21　 loss,which Morey has already suffered.Therefore,she has to use sign language to 　22　.
When she reached the age to go to school,her parents were 　23　 about how she could receive education in normal schools.　24　,they met with a school.The school was 　25　 to learn sign language and provide the services she needed.
Still,Morey’s mother Shannon only 　26　 that the teachers teaching her daughter would learn sign language.Never did she imagine that all the students would also learn it.“It makes our whole family just 　27　,” Shannon says.
Apart from her classroom,Morey also goes to the gym class and the library,and people throughout the school are trying their best to 　28　 what’s best for her.
The school made efforts to make Morey feel she was 　29　 and loved.For example,it hung sign language posters in the hallway and held parties at which sign language 　30　 were given.
“We did these things 　31　 they are the right things to do.She is one of our students,” says Kim Sampietro,the school’s headteacher.
But even if these things were simply the right ones to do,nobody at the school could deny (否认) the 　32　 that Morey and the need to learn sign language have had on the school.
“She’s just brought something to our school that wouldn’t have been there.I think it’s a chance for learning and growth when we have a child who has something 　33　,” says Sampietro.“She’ll be with the same class through the 5th grade,so I imagine all these kids will 　34　 to learn sign language.It just makes her feel like she’s part of the school and she’s 　35　 as she is.”
(　　)21.A.hearing B.nutrition
C.weight D.memory
(　　)22.A.speak B.practice
C.fight D.communicate
(　　)23.A.certain B.alarmed
C.worried D.positive
(　　)24.A.Normally B.Regularly
C.Simply D.Fortunately
(　　)25.A.anxious B.willing
C.concerned D.generous
(　　)26.A.discovered B.expected
C.recognised D.spotted
(　　)27.A.confused B.annoyed
C.moved D.stressed
(　　)28.A.offer B.provide
C.gather D.desire
(　　)29.A.admired B.believed
C.challenged D.respected
(　　)30.A.performances B.explanations
C.interviews D.themes
(　　)31.A.if B.though
C.because D.unless
(　　)32.A.comment B.effect
C.limitation D.resource
(　　)33.A.extreme B.familiar
C.mental D.different
(　　)34.A.continue B.volunteer
C.decide D.manage
(　　)35.A.acquired B.accepted
C.kept D.proved
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu Rong,a famous artist,thinks of a new way to introduce the ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book.In the book,I Am Hua Mulan,she tells the story by 36.　　　　 (combine) paper-cutting with international artistic styles.She places paper-cuts over Western-style pencil sketches (素描) 37.　　　　 (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements,which turns out to be a 38.　　　　 (success) and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan,39.　　　　 story has been told by generations in China,was a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386534).As 40.　　　　 devoted daughter,she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army 41.　　　　 place of her father.Mulan’s characteristics,such as courage,kindness and disinterest in fame and fortune,made 42.　　　　 (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines.Mulan’s story has been adapted 43.　　　　 (frequent) in the modern media.For example,in 1998,Disney produced a film named Mulan,which 44.　　　　 (consider) a great success by critics and the public.
To better tell the story,Yu Rong draws inspiration from her several 45.　　　　 (visit) to sites of ancient battles and Henan Opera.
第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是红星中学的李华,得知学校将在本周末举办一次蔬菜种植活动。请用英语写一封电子邮件邀请你的朋友Sam参加。内容包括:
1.写电子邮件的目的;
2.活动时间、地点和内容;
3.表达期望。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Sam,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的
短文。
Nature,while beautiful,could also be unpredictable and merciless.But most importantly we bear in mind that in the darkest times,there’s always a light at the end of the tunnel,just like Mrs Evans’s cabin light.
One bright summer day,my friend Peter and I decided to venture into the unexplored trails of the Great Smoky Mountains.Blessed with rich biodiversity and fascinating landscapes,the national park seemed a perfect getaway.Little did we know that our casual hike would soon turn into an unexpected personal incident,forever engraved in our memories.
We set off early in the morning,equipped with our backpacks and a map that was supposed to guide us through the winding trails.The sun was up,casting long shadows on the forest floor as we set off on our journey.We trekked (艰难行走),laughed,and marveled at the beauty of nature around us.
As we trekked through the dense forests,taking in the natural wonders around us,we couldn’t help but feel a sense of adventure coursing through our veins.The trail was rugged and uneven,but we persevered through the challenging landscape.
Midway through our expedition,we stumbled upon a breathtaking waterfall,its glistening waters cascading down the rocks in a quiet and peaceful melody.We sat down by the water’s edge,taking a moment to get lost in the beauty of nature.The cool mist from the waterfall enveloped us,and we felt refreshed and energetic.
As the day wore on,we ventured deeper into the wilderness,eager to explore every corner of this natural paradise.We were so absorbed in the beauty of nature that just didn’t notice our way and it seemed that we could not find the way back to the familiar part of the forest.Panicking,we scrambled to find our way back but the dense vegetation and winding trails only served to confuse us further.We tried to remember any possible signs that might lead us back.No sooner had we celebrated our return to the clear trails than something worse happened.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly,the weather took an abrupt turn.
Paragraph 2:
Just when we were about to give up,a faint light flickered in the distance.

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