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综合素养提升练(一)
第一部分　阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The advancement of human civilisation is possible because of the enormous contributions made by scientists.They are one of the most influential groups of people in today’s world.With practical advantages in engineering,medicine and technology,they have helped us gain a deeper understanding of the world and different scientific laws and principles that govern us.Their names are remembered for their work contributing to the welfare of mankind with inspiring discoveries and inventions that have made our modern life easy.Here is a list of four great scientists who once changed the world for the better.
Louis Pasteur (18221895)
Pasteur contributed greatly towards the advancement of medical sciences developing cures for rabies (狂犬病),anthrax and other infectious diseases.He also invented the process of pasteurisation (巴氏杀菌) to make milk safer to drink.He probably saved more lives than any other person.
Otto Hahn (18791968)
Hahn was a German chemist who discovered nuclear fission (裂变) in 1939.He was a pioneering scientist in the field of radio-chemistry,and discovered radioactive elements in 1921.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1944.
Nikola Tesla (18561943)
Tesla worked on electromagnetism and AC current.He obtained around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions from electricity to radio transmission,but many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection.He played a key role in the development of modern electricity.
James Clerk Maxwell (18311879)
Maxwell made great progress in understanding electromagnetism.His research in electricity and kinetics laid the foundation for quantum (量子) physics.Albert Einstein once said,“The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever.”
(　　)1.What contribution did Louis Pasteur make to society
A.The development of medicine.
B.Radio-chemistry.
C.Modern electricity.
D.Quantum physics.
(　　)2.Who was thought highly of by Einstein
A.Louis Pasteur.
B.Otto Hahn.
C.Nikola Tesla.
D.James Clerk Maxwell.
(　　)3.What can we infer about the four people
A.They are medical pioneers.
B.They are Nobel Prize winners.
C.They are great contributors to society.
D.They are founders of modern physics.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了四位科学家,他们是社会的重要贡献者,为社会变革作出了巨大的贡献。
答案及剖析:
1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知,Louis Pasteur促进了医学的发展。故选A。
2.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知,爱因斯坦对James Clerk Maxwell的评价很高。故选D。
3.C　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,他们四位都是社会的重要贡献者,为社会变革作出了巨大的贡献。故选C。
B
A wireless charging room has been developed by scientists.It can deliver power through the air to any laptop,tablet or phone without the need for plugs or cables.
The new technology involves generating magnetic fields (磁场) over longer distances without also producing electrical fields that would prove harmful to any people or animals within the room,according to the team from the University of Tokyo.
The system,which has been tested in a single room but is still in its initial stage,can deliver up to 50 watts of power without exceeding (超过) current guidelines for human exposure to magnetic fields,the study authors explained.It could be used to charge any device with a wire coil fitted inside,similar to the system used with wireless charging pads currently in use—but without the pad.As well as removing charging cables from desks,it could allow for more devices to be fully robotised without the need for ports,plugs or cables.
To demonstrate the new system,they installed the unique wireless charging equipment in a purpose-built aluminum “test room”.They then used it to power lamps,fans and mobile phones that drew current from anywhere in the room,regardless of where furniture or people had been placed.
Researchers didn’t say what the technology might cost because it is still very early in development and “years away” from being made available to the public.“This really ups the power of the computing world—you could put a computer anywhere without ever having to worry about charging or plugging in,” said study co-author Alanson Sample from the University of Michigan.
There are also medical applications,according to Sample,who said heart implants (植入) currently require a wire from the pump to run through the body and into a socket.“This could remove that,” the author said,adding it would act to reduce the risk of infection and improve patients’ quality of life by removing the wire completely.
(　　)4.What’s the advantage of the new technology according to the text
A.It has been widely used in many fields.
B.It’s environmentally friendly.
C.The cable is essential in the new technology.
D.It can only be used to charge some devices.
(　　)5.What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Awkward. B.Flexible.
C.Controllable. D.Automatic.
(　　)6.What can we infer from this text
A.The technology takes a lot of investment.
B.People can benefit a lot from this technology.
C.Heart implants can be conducted with the new technology.
D.The technology ups the power of the computing world.
(　　)7.What’s the best title of the text
A.Wireless Technology: Benefit Humans for Its Convenience
B.Wireless Charging: Deliver Electricity Through the Air
C.A New System: Promote the Powerful Computing World
D.Ground-breaking Advance: Charge Devices in a Minute
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种无线充电室,包括这项新技术的研究现状以及可能的用途,它可以通过空气向任何笔记本电脑、平板电脑或手机供电,不需要插头或
电缆。
答案及剖析:
4.B　推理判断题。根据前三段内容可知,这项新技术仍处于初级阶段,并未应用于众多领域中,同时无需使用端口、插头或电缆,不会产生对房间内任何人或动物有害的电场,由此可推知,这项新技术是环保的。故选B。
5.D　词义猜测题。根据上文“As well as removing charging cables from desks”以及下文“without the need for ports,plugs or cables”可知,此处上下文说的是无线自动充电,画线词的含义应为“自动化的”,与D项“automatic(自动化的)”为同义词。故选D。
6.B　推理判断题。根据第一段的“It can deliver power ...plugs or cables.”,第三段的“It could be used to charge any device”,倒数第二段的“This really ups the power of the computing world”以及最后一段的“There are also medical applications”可知,这项新技术将应用在生活中的很多领域,将使人们受益。故选B。
7.B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章在第一段提出了“无线充电室”这一话题,后续段落对其研究的现状以及可能的用途进行了介绍,所以本文主要介绍了一项通过空气供电的无线充电技术。B项适合作文章标题。故选B。
C
Everglades National Park is located in the state of Florida.It is the largest wilderness in the entire country and makes up 25% of the wetlands in the state.The Everglades is home to several rare and endangered species.It is also the third largest national park in the USA,after Death Valley National Park and Yellowstone National Park.Each year,about 1 million tourists visit the park.On a global level,it has been announced as a World Heritage Site.
Unlike most other national parks,Everglades National Park was created to protect an ecosystem (生态系统) from being damaged.In 1947,the president spoke at the official opening of Everglades National Park,saying the goal of creating the park was to protect forever a wild area that could never be replaced.
Ten thousand different islands make up Everglades National Park.There exists natural wildlife on each of these islands.The Everglades is home to about 30 species that are endangered.In addition,more than 350 bird species and 300 species of fresh and saltwater fish live within the park.The Everglades is also home to 40 species of mammals (哺乳动物).
There are many ways to explore the Everglades.Visitors can see alligators (短吻鳄) while hiking the Anhinga Trail.The Everglades is one of the few places on the Earth where freshwater alligators and saltwater crocodiles live in the same area.Visitors using airboats are likely to see large groups of birds.Some visitors might enjoy riding bicycles through Shark Valley.Others may want to move slowly through the water where they can see insects and wildlife closely.
According to experts,changes to the Everglades are becoming a danger to several different kinds of wildlife.They say it is a result of actions the USA government began more than 50 years ago,and settlers began even earlier.
(　　)8.What does the first paragraph mainly talk about
A.Florida is famous for its large wetlands.
B.There are three important national parks in the USA.
C.Visitors think highly of Everglades National Park.
D.Everglades National Park is very valuable.
(　　)9.How does the author describe the richness of wildlife in the park
A.By giving examples.
B.By listing figures.
C.By giving a definition.
D.By making a comparison.
(　　)10.What can we get from the passage
A.Visitors can explore the Everglades in many ways.
B.Visitors are not allowed to stay in the water in the park.
C.the president first suggested setting up the park.
D.Everglades National Park is the largest national park in the USA.
(　　)11.What will be further discussed if the passage is continued
A.How the endangered wildlife lost their lives.
B.What settlers have done to save the wetlands.
C.How the park’s environment was badly changed.
D.What the government has done to protect the park.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了世界文化遗产之一,位于美国佛罗里达州的大沼泽地国家公园。
答案及剖析:
8.D　段落大意题。根据第一段的“It is the largest...endangered species.”以及“On a global...a World Heritage Site.”可知,第一段主要从多个角度来强调大沼泽地国家公园的重要价值。故选D。
9.B　推理判断题。根据第三段的第三句提到的“大沼泽地公园是大约30种濒危物种的栖息地”以及第四、第五句列举的多个数字可知,作者通过列数字来描述这个公园野生动物的丰富性。故选B。
10.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句可知,游客可以用很多种方式探索大沼泽地公园。故选A。
11.C　推理判断题。最后一段主要讲述了大沼泽地公园的变化正威胁着多种不同种类野生动物,这是50多年前美国政府开始的行为和定居者更早的行为所导致的结果。因此可推测文章接下来会进一步讨论公园的环境是如何恶化的。故选C。
D
Try to figure out if your friend is angry You may look at his or her face.However,a new study finds when people are at the peak of joy or despair,their body language is a more reliable indicator of their emotions than their faces.
“You can’t tell from the face alone if something good is going on or bad going on.When people see the faces alone,they’re kind of lost,” said Julliel Hievet,a psychologist at Hebrew University.“The body maintains a clear signal of positive and negative.”
Hievet also noted that most researches on reading emotions focused on the face.A few studies had shown people rely on body language to read emotions when it conflicts with someone’s facial expression,but those studies used trained actors in poses.
His research team wanted to see how people use body language to read intense emotions.To do so,his team gathered dozens of images of outstanding tennis players at the moment they won or lost critical points in competitions.They showed three groups of 15 participants images of just the face,just the body,or both together,and asked the viewers whether the images showed positive or negative emotions.
People who saw the body—with or without the face—accurately distinguished whether the player was happy or distraught.Those who viewed just the faces failed to do so.
The team also transformed winning faces onto losing bodies and vice versa (反之亦然),and found the body cues determined whether viewers thought the players had won.
“The findings don’t rule out the face from all emotional indicators,” Hievet said.“But when things become very intense,the good and the bad combine together,and it’s hard to tell if it’s positive or negative,” he added.
Interestingly,when people saw a body and face together,they said they made judgments based on facial expression.“People use information from the body and then they read it into the face,” Hievet said.
(　　)12.What is the finding of the new study
A.You cannot tell one’s emotions from the face.
B.Body can better indicate intense emotions than face.
C.People thought they make judgments from the body.
D.Facial expressions tend to be different in joy and despair.
(　　)13.Why are other studies mentioned in Paragraph 3
A.To summarise the previous studies.
B.To prove the value of facial expression.
C.To show the limitation of existing studies.
D.To introduce similar findings of other studies.
(　　)14.The underlined word “distraught” in Paragraph 5 probably means 　　　.
A.excited B.indifferent
C.shocked D.upset
(　　)15.What does Hievet’s quote in the last paragraph suggest
A.People may think it hard to read intense emotions.
B.People read more information from facial expressions.
C.People are unaware of using body language to read emotions.
D.People can distinguish emotions from body and facial expression.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现——当人们处于快乐或绝望的顶峰时,他们的肢体语言比面部表情能更好地表明他们的情绪。
答案及剖析:
12.B　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知,一项新的研究发现,身体比面部能更好地表明强烈的情绪。故选B。
13.C　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知,该段提到其他研究是为了指出现有研究的局限性。故选C。
14.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“They showed three groups ...positive or negative emotions.”和画线词所在句可知,画线词指的是上文提到的消极的情绪,即与happy是反义,表示“心烦的”,与upset意思相近。故选D。
15.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知,Hievet在最后一段所说的话表明人们并未意识到自己在用肢体语言来解读情绪。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you garden,you get sunshine,fresh air and exercise.16.　　　 If you do not have enough space,time or money for a large garden,you can try on little container gardens.
Pick the right plants.In your containers,you can control the soil and the amount of water,but not the sunlight.So,find out which plants can grow in the light conditions you have.17.　　　 For example,potatoes and carrots are not suitable for container gardening since they need deep soil to grow well.
18.　　　 This saves room and some plants may grow better when paired with another plant.However,not all plants grow well together.Some plants have very different water and soil needs.Also,do not grow plants in the same pot if they compete for the same nutrients.
Protect the plants from wind.Wind can damage parts of the plants.It can also dry them out.Choose a location for your garden that has shelter from a building or make your own wind protection.19.　　
Water your plants regularly and put the water directly on the soil.It is best to water early in the morning.If you can’t water in the morning,water in the late afternoon or early evening.20.　　　 The water may dry up too fast and water droplets on leaves can burn them.
A.Get the right type of soil.
B.Avoid plants that need deep soil.
C.Grow different plants in the same pot.
D.Working with soil and plants can be funny.
E.Try not to water during the hottest part of the day.
F.Grouping plants together can protect your plants from wind,too.
G.Gardening can also produce healthy fruit and vegetables for your family.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要说明了一些种植植物应注意的问题。
答案及剖析:
16.G　上文“When you garden,you get sunshine,fresh air and exercise.”指出了种植物的好处,由此可推知,空处应是继续列举种植物的好处。G项符合题意,承接上文。故选G。
17.B　根据本段主题句“Pick the right plants.” 可知,本段主要是讲用花盆种植时应选择合适的植物。下文说明,要避免在花盆中种植需要深厚土壤的植物。B项符合题意,引出下文。故选B。
18.C　根据下文可知,本段主要是讲尝试将不同的植物进行搭配种植。C项符合主题句语义,引出下文。故选C。
19.F　根据本段主题句“Protect the plants from wind.”可知,本段主要是讲防风的办法。F项符合段意,承接上文。故选F。
20.E　根据上下文可推知,作者建议的浇水时间是早上或傍晚,所以空处应是提醒不要在最热的时间段给植物浇水。故选E。
第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In many ways,Gitanjali Rao is an ordinary child,lively and chatty,yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference.Happily,she 　21　 the top prize at the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for her invention.
What 　22　 Gitanjali’s work was that her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water.“The idea didn’t 　23　 to me until I saw my parents try to do water tests.The test strips may show inaccurate results,which weren’t very 　24　,” she recalls.
She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts and 　25　 found that carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensors can be used to sense chemicals.Gitanjali 　26　 to build a small blue housing using the 3D printer at her school with computer chips and a battery inside.A free app,which Gitanjali designed under 　27　 from her computer science teacher,gives instant 　28　 and sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device.
The process of designing her project wasn’t always 　29　 ,though.Kathleen Shafer,a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer,　30　 along the way.In the award ceremony,Gitanjali also 　31　 her parents with constant support and 　32　 to try “crazy ideas”.Gitanjali received $25,000 to further develop her programme along with the great 　33　 of winning the contest.According to Shafer,who 　34　 Gitanjali,“she shows a lot of motivation to solve 　35　 issues through science”.
(　　)21.A.earned B.designed
C.offered D.made
(　　)22.A.exposed B.improved
C.defined D.inspired
(　　)23.A.stick B.belong
C.occur D.apply
(　　)24.A.simple B.reliable
C.predictable D.creative
(　　)25.A.initially B.immediately
C.temporarily D.eventually
(　　)26.A.managed B.promised
C.pretended D.happened
(　　)27.A.observation B.command
C.instruction D.control
(　　)28.A.access B.results
C.decisions D.approval
(　　)29.A.optional B.complete
C.continuous D.smooth
(　　)30.A.changed B.risked
C.helped D.followed
(　　)31.A.stresses B.credits
C.impresses D.provides
(　　)32.A.encouragement B.request
C.struggle D.pressure
(　　)33.A.fortune B.intention
C.honour D.potential
(　　)34.A.keeps up with B.gets along with
C.takes care of D.speaks highly of
(　　)35.A.commercial B.practical
C.academic D.systematic
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了虽然Gitanjali Rao只是一个活泼健谈的普通孩子,但她的科学精神却产生了巨大的影响,她获得了探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛的最高奖项。
[文章脉络]
答案及剖析:
21.A　根据下文“the top prize at the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for her invention”可知,Gitanjali Rao获得了(earned)这个奖项。故选A。
22.D　根据下文可知,她的城市面临的水资源中铅含量过高这一问题使她受到了启发(inspired)。故选D。
23.C　根据下文“until I saw my parents try to do water tests”可推知,Gitanjali在看到父母试着做水测试时,想到了主意。故选C。
24.B　根据上文“The test strips may show inaccurate results”可知,测试条可能不可靠(reliable)。故选B。
25.D　根据上文“She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts”以及下文“found that carbon nanotube(纳米管) sensors can be used to sense chemicals”可知,Gitanjali经过不断的努力,最终(eventually)发现了碳纳米管传感器。故选D。
26.A　根据下文“build a small blue housing using the 3D printer at her school with computer chips and a battery inside”可知,Gitanjali成功(managed)建成了小房子。故选A。
27.C　根据下文“from her computer science teacher”可推知,此处指来自她的计算机科学老师的指导(instruction)。故选C。
28.B　根据下文“sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device”可知,该应用程序能提供即时的结果(results)。故选B。
29.D　根据下文“Kathleen Shafer...along the way.”可知,Gitanjali的项目设计需要老师的帮忙,并不是一帆风顺的(smooth)。故选D。
30.C　根据上文可知,Kathleen Shafer一直都在帮助(helped) Gitanjali。故选C。
31.B　根据下文“constant support”可知,Gitanjali把她的成功归功于(credits)父母的不断支持。故选B。
32.A　根据上文“constant support”以及下文“try ‘crazy ideas’”可知,空处应填有“鼓励”含义的名词。故选A。
33.C　根据下文“winning the contest”可知,赢得比赛是一种荣誉(honour)。故选C。
34.D　根据下文可知,Shafer对Gitanjali有着很高的评价。故选D。
35.B　根据第三段“She then searched for...to sense chemicals.”可知,Gitanjali是通过科学解决实际(practical)问题。故选B。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the beginning of the 21st century,slow and often uncomfortable trains struggled wildly across China,with low average speeds making 36.　　　 　 (journey) such as Shanghai-Beijing a test of endurance.
Since 2008 China’s high-speed rail industry has evolved rapidly and built the world’s longest network,symbolising the 37.　　　　 (country) economic power and increasing prosperity.The network 38.　　 　　 (expect) to double in length again,to 70,000 kilometres,by 2035.In addition,the Chinese have created a 39.　　　　 (total) different picture of high-speed rail network,40.　　　　 often proves faster and more reliable than Chinese domestic flights.
Not satisfied with pushing the boundaries of speed and civil engineering,Chinese companies are among the first in the world 41.　　　　 (introduce) new technology such as autonomous train operation and advanced signaling.Although its trains are 42.　　　　 the world’s fastest,China is still spending billions of dollars on maglev (磁悬浮列车).Hopefully,it won’t be long 43.　　　　 China operates passenger services well beyond the current limits of steel wheels.
44.　　　 　 (take) a typically realistic approach to raising the speed of land transport,
China sees maglev as 45.　　　　 better option for bridging the gap between rail and air on long distance routes.
语篇导读:本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国高铁产业的迅速发展,并且为了提高陆路运输的速度,中国将大力发展磁悬浮列车技术。
答案及剖析:
36.journeys　考查名词复数。journey是可数名词,在句子中为泛指意义,应用复数形式。故填journeys。
37.country’s　考查名词所有格。根据句意可知,此处表示“国家的”,应填入country的所有格形式。故填country’s。
38.is expected　考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,expect在句中为谓语动词,与主语network之间为被动关系,因此应用被动语态。再根据上下文可知,这种可能性是建立在“目前”的情况下,因此应用一般现在时,且主语network 为单数意义。故填is expected。
39.totally　考查副词。此处应用副词形式作状语修饰形容词different。故填totally。
40.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,high-speed rail network是先行词,关系词在从句中作主语,指物。故填which。
41.to introduce　考查动词不定式。句中的first之后省略了companies,名词前有序数词修饰,其后应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to introduce。
42.among　考查介词。根据句意及the world’s fastest可知,此处应用介词表示“在三者或三者以上之中”。故填among。
43.before　考查固定句型。“It won’t be long before+一般现在时”是固定句型,意为“用不了多长时间就……”。故填before。
44.Taking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,take在句中为非谓语动词,与逻辑主语China之间为主动关系,因此应用现在分词形式作状语。故填Taking。
45.a　考查冠词。 option为可数名词,better是以辅音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词a。a better option意为“一个更好的选择”。故填a。
第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华,你的家乡今年新建了一个中国民俗文化主题公园,请用英语给你的留学生好友Mike写封邮件,邀请他一同来公园参观。内容包括:
1.参观时间、地点;
2.参观内容:了解中国民俗文化,体验民间艺术等。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词语:中国民俗文化主题公园Chinese Folk Culture Theme Park
Dear Mike,
Yours,
Li Hua
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Dear Mike,
Knowing that you have a preference for Chinese culture,I’m writing to invite you to visit the newly-built Chinese Folk Culture Theme Park with me.
We are scheduled to meet at the bus station at 8:00 next Saturday morning.During the visit,we will learn about Chinese folk culture and experience various forms of folk art,through which we can witness Chinese history changes and enormous social development,especially in Chinese rural areas.
Why not join me I believe it will be an unforgettable experience for you to cherish.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的
短文。
When I was six,I played my first soccer game.It was a real game,completing with coaches,uniforms,and parents cheering from the sidelines.
Our two teams,Team One and Team Two,seemed pretty evenly matched,at least in the beginning.The first period ended without a single goal scored by either side.We were all still learning how to play the game properly,and our inexperience ran through this part.We stumbled over the ball,tripped over our own feet,and often completely missed our kicks.But what mattered most was that we were having fun,pure and simple.
The second quarter brought a significant change in the game.Our coach decided to pull out most of our starting players and put in the substitutes (替补),except for me—I was left guarding the goal.On the other side,Team Two’s coach decided to keep their best players on the field,which made things even more challenging for us.It seemed that winning suddenly became essential,even for us six-year-olds.
Team Two started to rule the game,and I found myself surrounded by their players whenever they came near our goal.I was determined to do my best,but it was tough.I couldn’t match the skills of three or four other really good players.Team Two began to score,one goal after another.I threw myself in front of the ball with all the energy I could gather,trying desperately to stop them but in vain.
The pressure was mounting,and I could feel my frustration building with every goal that slipped past me.I shouted,I ran,and I dove,but they kept scoring.I gave it everything I had,but it seemed useless.
My parents were there on the sidelines,and I could see them in the crowd.As the game progressed,I could see the change in my father’s expression.He had been urging me to try harder,yelling advice and encouragement from the sidelines,but now he seemed different.I could see the pain in his eyes,the pain he felt seeing me struggle.It made me want to cry.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Team Two scored their fourth goal,and it was half-time break.
Paragraph 2:
At that moment,what my father said meant the world to me.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
Who I,my father,Team One,Team Two 开心 下定决心的 沮丧、无助 受到鼓舞 坦然
When When I was six
Where During the soccer game on the field
What I played my first soccer game.
Theme I got the love and support from my father and learnt the spirit of never giving up.
Conflict & Clue Conflict: As a guard,I wanted to stop Team Two scoring,but I failed. Clue: Team Two started to rule the game,and my trying to stop them turned out to be in vain.I felt stressed and frustrated,and I could see the pain in my father’s eyes,the pain he felt seeing me struggle.
Para.1 Team Two scored their fourth goal,and it was half-time break. Q1:What did I do during the break Q2:How did I feel Q3:What did my father do and say
Para.2 At that moment,what my father said meant the world to me. Q1:How did I feel after hearing what my father had said Q2:What did I do after the half-time break Q3:What did I learn from this experience
One possible version:
Team Two scored their fourth goal,and it was half-time break.I retrieved the ball from the net and handed it to the referee,feeling utterly helpless. Overwhelmed with despair,I dropped to my knees,tears of a broken-hearted child rolling down my cheeks. It was at that moment that my father made his way onto the field. When he picked me up and held me tightly,the whole world seemed to disappear for a moment.He said in a gentle but firm voice,“Sweetie,it doesn’t matter how many times they scored on you.I’m proud of you.I want you to go back out there and finish the game.Go on now!”
At that moment,what my father said meant the world to me. When I felt all alone and defeated,knowing that my dad would stand by my side,love and support me unconditionally made all the difference in the world—I could tell it did. Without hesitation,I wiped away my tears and ran back onto the field,ready to face whatever challenges that mightlie ahead. And yes,they did score two more times,but this time,it was different.With my dad’s words echoing in my heart,I knew that I could keep going,no matter what.
注释:retrieved the ball、handed it to the referee为动作描写,feeling utterly helpless为现在分词短语作状语。
overwhelmed with despair为形容词短语作状语,dropped to my knees 为动作描写,tears of a broken-hearted child rolling down my cheeks为独立主格结构。
made his way onto意为“前往……”,为动作描写;此句为“it was ...that ...”强调句型。
wiped away my tears and ran back为动作描写,whatever challenges that might lie ahead为宾语从句。
echo意为“回响”,with my dad’s words echoing in my heart为with 复合结构,此句为心理描写。综合素养提升练(一)
第一部分　阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The advancement of human civilisation is possible because of the enormous contributions made by scientists.They are one of the most influential groups of people in today’s world.With practical advantages in engineering,medicine and technology,they have helped us gain a deeper understanding of the world and different scientific laws and principles that govern us.Their names are remembered for their work contributing to the welfare of mankind with inspiring discoveries and inventions that have made our modern life easy.Here is a list of four great scientists who once changed the world for the better.
Louis Pasteur (18221895)
Pasteur contributed greatly towards the advancement of medical sciences developing cures for rabies (狂犬病),anthrax and other infectious diseases.He also invented the process of pasteurisation (巴氏杀菌) to make milk safer to drink.He probably saved more lives than any other person.
Otto Hahn (18791968)
Hahn was a German chemist who discovered nuclear fission (裂变) in 1939.He was a pioneering scientist in the field of radio-chemistry,and discovered radioactive elements in 1921.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1944.
Nikola Tesla (18561943)
Tesla worked on electromagnetism and AC current.He obtained around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions from electricity to radio transmission,but many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection.He played a key role in the development of modern electricity.
James Clerk Maxwell (18311879)
Maxwell made great progress in understanding electromagnetism.His research in electricity and kinetics laid the foundation for quantum (量子) physics.Albert Einstein once said,“The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever.”
(　　)1.What contribution did Louis Pasteur make to society
A.The development of medicine.
B.Radio-chemistry.
C.Modern electricity.
D.Quantum physics.
(　　)2.Who was thought highly of by Einstein
A.Louis Pasteur.
B.Otto Hahn.
C.Nikola Tesla.
D.James Clerk Maxwell.
(　　)3.What can we infer about the four people
A.They are medical pioneers.
B.They are Nobel Prize winners.
C.They are great contributors to society.
D.They are founders of modern physics.
B
A wireless charging room has been developed by scientists.It can deliver power through the air to any laptop,tablet or phone without the need for plugs or cables.
The new technology involves generating magnetic fields (磁场) over longer distances without also producing electrical fields that would prove harmful to any people or animals within the room,according to the team from the University of Tokyo.
The system,which has been tested in a single room but is still in its initial stage,can deliver up to 50 watts of power without exceeding (超过) current guidelines for human exposure to magnetic fields,the study authors explained.It could be used to charge any device with a wire coil fitted inside,similar to the system used with wireless charging pads currently in use—but without the pad.As well as removing charging cables from desks,it could allow for more devices to be fully robotised without the need for ports,plugs or cables.
To demonstrate the new system,they installed the unique wireless charging equipment in a purpose-built aluminum “test room”.They then used it to power lamps,fans and mobile phones that drew current from anywhere in the room,regardless of where furniture or people had been placed.
Researchers didn’t say what the technology might cost because it is still very early in development and “years away” from being made available to the public.“This really ups the power of the computing world—you could put a computer anywhere without ever having to worry about charging or plugging in,” said study co-author Alanson Sample from the University of Michigan.
There are also medical applications,according to Sample,who said heart implants (植入) currently require a wire from the pump to run through the body and into a socket.“This could remove that,” the author said,adding it would act to reduce the risk of infection and improve patients’ quality of life by removing the wire completely.
(　　)4.What’s the advantage of the new technology according to the text
A.It has been widely used in many fields.
B.It’s environmentally friendly.
C.The cable is essential in the new technology.
D.It can only be used to charge some devices.
(　　)5.What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Awkward. B.Flexible.
C.Controllable. D.Automatic.
(　　)6.What can we infer from this text
A.The technology takes a lot of investment.
B.People can benefit a lot from this technology.
C.Heart implants can be conducted with the new technology.
D.The technology ups the power of the computing world.
(　　)7.What’s the best title of the text
A.Wireless Technology: Benefit Humans for Its Convenience
B.Wireless Charging: Deliver Electricity Through the Air
C.A New System: Promote the Powerful Computing World
D.Ground-breaking Advance: Charge Devices in a Minute
C
Everglades National Park is located in the state of Florida.It is the largest wilderness in the entire country and makes up 25% of the wetlands in the state.The Everglades is home to several rare and endangered species.It is also the third largest national park in the USA,after Death Valley National Park and Yellowstone National Park.Each year,about 1 million tourists visit the park.On a global level,it has been announced as a World Heritage Site.
Unlike most other national parks,Everglades National Park was created to protect an ecosystem (生态系统) from being damaged.In 1947,the president spoke at the official opening of Everglades National Park,saying the goal of creating the park was to protect forever a wild area that could never be replaced.
Ten thousand different islands make up Everglades National Park.There exists natural wildlife on each of these islands.The Everglades is home to about 30 species that are endangered.In addition,more than 350 bird species and 300 species of fresh and saltwater fish live within the park.The Everglades is also home to 40 species of mammals (哺乳动物).
There are many ways to explore the Everglades.Visitors can see alligators (短吻鳄) while hiking the Anhinga Trail.The Everglades is one of the few places on the Earth where freshwater alligators and saltwater crocodiles live in the same area.Visitors using airboats are likely to see large groups of birds.Some visitors might enjoy riding bicycles through Shark Valley.Others may want to move slowly through the water where they can see insects and wildlife closely.
According to experts,changes to the Everglades are becoming a danger to several different kinds of wildlife.They say it is a result of actions the USA government began more than 50 years ago,and settlers began even earlier.
(　　)8.What does the first paragraph mainly talk about
A.Florida is famous for its large wetlands.
B.There are three important national parks in the USA.
C.Visitors think highly of Everglades National Park.
D.Everglades National Park is very valuable.
(　　)9.How does the author describe the richness of wildlife in the park
A.By giving examples.
B.By listing figures.
C.By giving a definition.
D.By making a comparison.
(　　)10.What can we get from the passage
A.Visitors can explore the Everglades in many ways.
B.Visitors are not allowed to stay in the water in the park.
C.the president first suggested setting up the park.
D.Everglades National Park is the largest national park in the USA.
(　　)11.What will be further discussed if the passage is continued
A.How the endangered wildlife lost their lives.
B.What settlers have done to save the wetlands.
C.How the park’s environment was badly changed.
D.What the government has done to protect the park.
D
Try to figure out if your friend is angry You may look at his or her face.However,a new study finds when people are at the peak of joy or despair,their body language is a more reliable indicator of their emotions than their faces.
“You can’t tell from the face alone if something good is going on or bad going on.When people see the faces alone,they’re kind of lost,” said Julliel Hievet,a psychologist at Hebrew University.“The body maintains a clear signal of positive and negative.”
Hievet also noted that most researches on reading emotions focused on the face.A few studies had shown people rely on body language to read emotions when it conflicts with someone’s facial expression,but those studies used trained actors in poses.
His research team wanted to see how people use body language to read intense emotions.To do so,his team gathered dozens of images of outstanding tennis players at the moment they won or lost critical points in competitions.They showed three groups of 15 participants images of just the face,just the body,or both together,and asked the viewers whether the images showed positive or negative emotions.
People who saw the body—with or without the face—accurately distinguished whether the player was happy or distraught.Those who viewed just the faces failed to do so.
The team also transformed winning faces onto losing bodies and vice versa (反之亦然),and found the body cues determined whether viewers thought the players had won.
“The findings don’t rule out the face from all emotional indicators,” Hievet said.“But when things become very intense,the good and the bad combine together,and it’s hard to tell if it’s positive or negative,” he added.
Interestingly,when people saw a body and face together,they said they made judgments based on facial expression.“People use information from the body and then they read it into the face,” Hievet said.
(　　)12.What is the finding of the new study
A.You cannot tell one’s emotions from the face.
B.Body can better indicate intense emotions than face.
C.People thought they make judgments from the body.
D.Facial expressions tend to be different in joy and despair.
(　　)13.Why are other studies mentioned in Paragraph 3
A.To summarise the previous studies.
B.To prove the value of facial expression.
C.To show the limitation of existing studies.
D.To introduce similar findings of other studies.
(　　)14.The underlined word “distraught” in Paragraph 5 probably means 　　　.
A.excited B.indifferent
C.shocked D.upset
(　　)15.What does Hievet’s quote in the last paragraph suggest
A.People may think it hard to read intense emotions.
B.People read more information from facial expressions.
C.People are unaware of using body language to read emotions.
D.People can distinguish emotions from body and facial expression.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you garden,you get sunshine,fresh air and exercise.16.　　　 If you do not have enough space,time or money for a large garden,you can try on little container gardens.
Pick the right plants.In your containers,you can control the soil and the amount of water,but not the sunlight.So,find out which plants can grow in the light conditions you have.17.　　　 For example,potatoes and carrots are not suitable for container gardening since they need deep soil to grow well.
18.　　　 This saves room and some plants may grow better when paired with another plant.However,not all plants grow well together.Some plants have very different water and soil needs.Also,do not grow plants in the same pot if they compete for the same nutrients.
Protect the plants from wind.Wind can damage parts of the plants.It can also dry them out.Choose a location for your garden that has shelter from a building or make your own wind protection.19.　　
Water your plants regularly and put the water directly on the soil.It is best to water early in the morning.If you can’t water in the morning,water in the late afternoon or early evening.20.　　　 The water may dry up too fast and water droplets on leaves can burn them.
A.Get the right type of soil.
B.Avoid plants that need deep soil.
C.Grow different plants in the same pot.
D.Working with soil and plants can be funny.
E.Try not to water during the hottest part of the day.
F.Grouping plants together can protect your plants from wind,too.
G.Gardening can also produce healthy fruit and vegetables for your family.
第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In many ways,Gitanjali Rao is an ordinary child,lively and chatty,yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference.Happily,she 　21　 the top prize at the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for her invention.
What 　22　 Gitanjali’s work was that her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water.“The idea didn’t 　23　 to me until I saw my parents try to do water tests.The test strips may show inaccurate results,which weren’t very 　24　,” she recalls.
She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts and 　25　 found that carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensors can be used to sense chemicals.Gitanjali 　26　 to build a small blue housing using the 3D printer at her school with computer chips and a battery inside.A free app,which Gitanjali designed under 　27　 from her computer science teacher,gives instant 　28　 and sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device.
The process of designing her project wasn’t always 　29　 ,though.Kathleen Shafer,a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer,　30　 along the way.In the award ceremony,Gitanjali also 　31　 her parents with constant support and 　32　 to try “crazy ideas”.Gitanjali received $25,000 to further develop her programme along with the great 　33　 of winning the contest.According to Shafer,who 　34　 Gitanjali,“she shows a lot of motivation to solve 　35　 issues through science”.
(　　)21.A.earned B.designed
C.offered D.made
(　　)22.A.exposed B.improved
C.defined D.inspired
(　　)23.A.stick B.belong
C.occur D.apply
(　　)24.A.simple B.reliable
C.predictable D.creative
(　　)25.A.initially B.immediately
C.temporarily D.eventually
(　　)26.A.managed B.promised
C.pretended D.happened
(　　)27.A.observation B.command
C.instruction D.control
(　　)28.A.access B.results
C.decisions D.approval
(　　)29.A.optional B.complete
C.continuous D.smooth
(　　)30.A.changed B.risked
C.helped D.followed
(　　)31.A.stresses B.credits
C.impresses D.provides
(　　)32.A.encouragement B.request
C.struggle D.pressure
(　　)33.A.fortune B.intention
C.honour D.potential
(　　)34.A.keeps up with B.gets along with
C.takes care of D.speaks highly of
(　　)35.A.commercial B.practical
C.academic D.systematic
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the beginning of the 21st century,slow and often uncomfortable trains struggled wildly across China,with low average speeds making 36.　　　 　 (journey) such as Shanghai-Beijing a test of endurance.
Since 2008 China’s high-speed rail industry has evolved rapidly and built the world’s longest network,symbolising the 37.　　　　 (country) economic power and increasing prosperity.The network 38.　　 　　 (expect) to double in length again,to 70,000 kilometres,by 2035.In addition,the Chinese have created a 39.　　　　 (total) different picture of high-speed rail network,40.　　　　 often proves faster and more reliable than Chinese domestic flights.
Not satisfied with pushing the boundaries of speed and civil engineering,Chinese companies are among the first in the world 41.　　　　 (introduce) new technology such as autonomous train operation and advanced signaling.Although its trains are 42.　　　　 the world’s fastest,China is still spending billions of dollars on maglev (磁悬浮列车).Hopefully,it won’t be long 43.　　　　 China operates passenger services well beyond the current limits of steel wheels.
44.　　　 　 (take) a typically realistic approach to raising the speed of land transport,
China sees maglev as 45.　　　　 better option for bridging the gap between rail and air on long distance routes.
第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华,你的家乡今年新建了一个中国民俗文化主题公园,请用英语给你的留学生好友Mike写封邮件,邀请他一同来公园参观。内容包括:
1.参观时间、地点;
2.参观内容:了解中国民俗文化,体验民间艺术等。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词语:中国民俗文化主题公园Chinese Folk Culture Theme Park
Dear Mike,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的
短文。
When I was six,I played my first soccer game.It was a real game,completing with coaches,uniforms,and parents cheering from the sidelines.
Our two teams,Team One and Team Two,seemed pretty evenly matched,at least in the beginning.The first period ended without a single goal scored by either side.We were all still learning how to play the game properly,and our inexperience ran through this part.We stumbled over the ball,tripped over our own feet,and often completely missed our kicks.But what mattered most was that we were having fun,pure and simple.
The second quarter brought a significant change in the game.Our coach decided to pull out most of our starting players and put in the substitutes (替补),except for me—I was left guarding the goal.On the other side,Team Two’s coach decided to keep their best players on the field,which made things even more challenging for us.It seemed that winning suddenly became essential,even for us six-year-olds.
Team Two started to rule the game,and I found myself surrounded by their players whenever they came near our goal.I was determined to do my best,but it was tough.I couldn’t match the skills of three or four other really good players.Team Two began to score,one goal after another.I threw myself in front of the ball with all the energy I could gather,trying desperately to stop them but in vain.
The pressure was mounting,and I could feel my frustration building with every goal that slipped past me.I shouted,I ran,and I dove,but they kept scoring.I gave it everything I had,but it seemed useless.
My parents were there on the sidelines,and I could see them in the crowd.As the game progressed,I could see the change in my father’s expression.He had been urging me to try harder,yelling advice and encouragement from the sidelines,but now he seemed different.I could see the pain in his eyes,the pain he felt seeing me struggle.It made me want to cry.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Team Two scored their fourth goal,and it was half-time break.
Paragraph 2:
At that moment,what my father said meant the world to me.

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