资源简介

　　Society keeps changing and developing,but the value of great people is long-lasting.There are numerous people of achievement in different fields who have made great contributions to the development of China.It is their deep love for our country,determination to improve people’s well-being,and perseverance that allow them to obtain great achievements.Their spirits are well worth learning.
Part 1　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.remarkable　　 adj.
2.theory n.
3.property n.
4.extract n.
vt.
5.data n.
6.liquid n.
adj.
7.substance n.
8.numerous adj.
9.chart n.
vt.
核心单词
1. adj.至关重要的;关键性的
2. adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
3. adj.直言的;坦诚的
4. vt.获得;赢得
vi.存在;流行
5. n.失败;挫败
vt.击败;战胜
6. vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
7. adv.主要地;一般地
8. adj.突出的
n.突出的人或物
9. n.[usually pl.] 条件;环境;状况
10. vt.创建;建立
运用词汇
1.commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→ adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→ n.承诺;保证;奉献;投入
2.curious adj.好奇的;求知欲强的→ n.好奇心→ adv.好奇地
3.objective n.目标;目的 adj.客观的→ n.目标;物体;宾语vt.提出……作为反对的理由 vi.反对;不赞成→ n.反对
4.hope n.& v.希望→ adj.怀有希望的→ adj.没有希望的
5.evaluate vt.评价;评估→ n.评价;评估;估算
6.distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→ n.差别;特质;优秀;区分;卓越→ adj.独特的;特别的;有特色的
7.scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→ n.科学;学科→ n.科学家
8.declare vt.表明;宣布→ n.宣称;公布
9.analyse vt.分析→ n.分析
10.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→ n.承认;感谢;谢礼
11.conclusion n.结论;推论→ vt.推断出;结束;终止→ adj.决定性的
12.apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然→ adj.显然的;显而易见的;表面上的
重点词块
1. 导致;通向
2. 坚决要求
3. 承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
4. 毕业于……
5. 关于,至于
6. 陷入僵局;碰到困难无法继续
7. 偶然;意外地
8. 成功做某事
9. 确保
10. 经受得住
11. 设法做某事
12. 得出结论
重点句型
1.他们参观了卢浮宫,在那里花了几个小时欣赏《蒙娜丽莎》。(where引导非限制性定语从句)
They visited the Louvre Museum, the Mona Lisa.
2.她走进房间,向所有人亲切地微笑着。(现在分词作状语)
She walked into the room, at everyone.
3.很幸运的是,我们有一张地图,如果没有它的话,我们就会迷路了。(“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句)
Fortunately we had a map, .
4.当打开这个古老的盒子时,一道奇异的光芒照亮了房间。(upon doing...句式)
,a strange light filled the room.
[教师备用]
(　　)1.What did Tu Youyou decide to turn to for working out a new treatment for malaria
A.Peking University Medical School. B.The Chinese government.
C.Ancient Chinese medical texts. D.A world-renowned research team.
(　　)2.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.All the medical texts they researched were of no help.
B.The road of finding artemisinin was not smooth.
C.Tu’s team found the breakthrough point by experiment.
D.Tu’s team tested the medicine on animals to ensure safety.
(　　)3.What can we infer from the text
A.It was Tu Youyou’s personal efforts that contributed to the discovery of artemisinin.
B.Tu Youyou has helped save numerous lives as she found the cause of getting malaria.
C.Traditional Chinese medicine has been acknowledged by more people worldwide.
D.The success of treatment for malaria proves that traditional Chinese medicine is rather valuable to people.
1.vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
It is vital that we know some knowledge of first aid.
懂得一些急救知识是十分重要的。
As for the work,it is vital to keep accurate records.
就这项工作而言,作好准确的记录非常重要。
Reading books is vital for human development.
读书对人类的进步非常重要。
归纳拓展 be vital to/for... 对……很重要 It is vital to do sth 做某事是很重要的 It is vital that sb (should) do sth ……是十分重要的 be of vital importance to... 对……至关重要
(1)句子语法填空
①Enough sleep is vital the students’ physical and mental health.
②It is vital that you (mind) your table manners in China when you attend a dinner party.
(2)完成句子
③对你的朋友们坦诚十分重要。
It is vital with your friends.
2.committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的
commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献;投入
They are committed volunteers,watching over the wild animal day and night.
他们是尽心尽力的志愿者,日日夜夜守护着野生动物。
The company has been committed to providing customers with high-quality measuring instruments.
这个公司一直致力于为顾客提供高质量的测量仪器。
Mr.Lee was a brilliant scientist whose commitment to his cause greatly impressed many people.
李先生是一位杰出的科学家,他对自己事业的奉献给许多人留下了深刻印象。
归纳拓展 ·commit a mistake 犯错误 commit... to... 把……送交给……;对……作出承诺;使……致力于…… commit sb/oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) ·be committed to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事;对(做)某事很坚定 ·make a commitment to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺做某事
(1)句子语法填空
①He remains (commit) to his dream.
②Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big (commit),but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
③The young man has committed his whole life to (teach).
(2)完成句子
④这位医生承诺要帮助更多人,因此他每天工作很长时间。
The doctor has more people,for which he works for a long time every day.
⑤政府致力于保护环境免受污染,已经采取了许多有效措施。
,the government has taken many effective measures.
Committed to the cause of education,he committed every minute to teaching and research.Eventually,his commitment paid off.
他致力于教育事业,把每一分钟都花在教学和研究上,最终他的付出得到了回报。
3.evaluate vt.评价;评估
evaluation n.评估;评价;估算
evaluative adj.评估的;评价的
We must evaluate her ability on/by her work.
我们必须根据她的工作表现评估她的能力。
The objective of this research is to make an evaluation of the effectiveness of different treatments.
本研究的目的是对不同治疗方法的有效性进行评估。
After ten years of evaluative study,the team eventually made great advances in dealing with the knotty issue.
经过10年的评估研究,该团队最终在解决这一棘手问题方面取得了重大进展。
归纳拓展 ·evaluate sb on/by 根据……评价某人 evaluate how/whether 评价如何/是否…… ·make an evaluation of 对……进行评估
句子语法填空
①It is widely acknowledged that students should (evaluate) in terms of overall quality.
②They will give an (evaluate) of the quality of the building.
③This kind of effective software makes it easier for the company (evaluate) its operation system.
4.distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的;截然不同的
distinction n.差别;特质;优秀;区分;卓越
distinctive adj.独特的;特别的;有特色的
It is distinct that we should make a distinction between them.
很明显,我们应该把它们区分开来。
Gold is distinct from iron.
金与铁是不同的。
归纳拓展 ·It is distinct that...很明显…… be distinct from...in...在……方面与……不同 ·make/draw a distinction 区别对待;区分开来 the distinction between A and B　A与B之间的差别
(1)句子语法填空
①The two posters are distinct each other styles.
②There are four seasons in a year,each of which has (distinct) features.
(2)翻译句子
③英语和汉语是两种完全不同的语言。
④对于青少年来说,明辨是非是至关重要的。
5.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢;告知收悉
acknowledgement n.承认;感谢;谢礼
He is widely acknowledged as/to be an excellent player.
他被公认为是一名出色的运动员。
It’s acknowledged that reading plays an important part in learning English.
人们普遍认为阅读在英语学习中起到重要作用。
I’m writing to acknowledge your encouragement and support when I was defeated.
我写信是为了感谢您在我被打败时给予的鼓励和支持。
归纳拓展 acknowledge doing /having done sth承认做了某事 acknowledge sb/sth to be/as 承认某人/某物是…… acknowledge that承认…… It is generally/universally acknowledged that... ……是大家公认的
(1)句子语法填空
①He acknowledged (make) some mistakes in the English examination.
②These flowers are a small (acknowledge) of your great kindness.
③She is also acknowledged a great yoga expert.
(2)一词多义
④We acknowledge the contributions of everyone who is committed to his work.
⑤He is widely acknowledged to be one of the best players in the world.
⑥I’m happy that my performance at work is acknowledged by my boss.
⑦I would be grateful if you could acknowledge receipt of this letter.
6.defeat n.失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜
Know the enemy and know yourself,and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat.
知己知彼,百战不殆。
He defeated his opponents in this election.
他在这次选举中击败了对手。
归纳拓展 defeat sth/sb 打败、战胜某物或某人 defeat A at B 在B方面打败A defeat表示“失败”时,是不可数名词;表示“失败的事情”时,是可数名词。
单词 意义 所跟宾语
win 赢得;获胜 比赛、奖品、奖金、名誉、财产、战争等
beat 击败;战胜 竞争中的队伍或对手,或战争中的敌人等
defeat 击败;战胜 通常接表示“人”或“团体”的名词或代词作宾语。既可以指在比赛中,也可以指在战场上战胜对手
Yesterday,I defeated/beat John at chess.He won only one set,while I won two sets.
昨天和约翰下棋,我赢了他。他只赢了一盘,而我赢了两盘。
(1)句子语法填空
①He did all he could (win) his favour.
②Yesterday, he defeated/beat me swimming.
(2)完成句子
③我们需要知道,我们失败的原因是没有做好充分的准备。
We need to know that the reason why was that we hadn’t made full preparations.
④我们的棒球队上个星期失利了,但我们没有放弃。
Our baseball team last week,but we didn’t give up.
7.conclude vt.& vi.推断出;结束;终止
conclusion n.结论;推论;结束;结尾
Each chapter concludes with a short summary.
每一个章节都以一个简短的总结结尾。
I conclude from my own experiences that it is important to work with our own hands.
我从自己的经历中得出结论:用自己的双手劳动很重要。
We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion.
我们将进一步讨论,然后再得出最终结论。
In conclusion,strolling is a cheap,safe,enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
总而言之,散步是一种低价、安全、愉快的锻炼方式,而且随时随地都可以进行。
归纳拓展 ·conclude... from... 从……中推断出…… conclude (from sth) that... (从某事中)推断出……;(从某事中)断定…… conclude (sth) with/by doing... 以……结束(……) ·bring... to a conclusion 使……结束 draw/reach/come to/arrive at a/the conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 最后;总之;总而言之 jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论
　　除in conclusion外,写作时还常常用到以下短语作为全文总结语:in a word、in brief、all in all、in short、on the whole。
句子语法填空
①What can we conclude the conversation
②In (conclude),I’d like to thank everyone who has helped us.
③The meeting concluded an agreement at 10 o’clock.
8.apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然
apparent adj.显而易见的;显然的;表面上的
Apparently,hard work and a determined attitude contribute greatly to one’s success.
显然,勤奋和坚定的态度对一个人的成功大有裨益。
It is apparent to him that sticking to the dream is challenging,but he won’t give up.
对他来说,坚持梦想显然具有挑战性,但他不会放弃。
归纳拓展 ·As is apparently shown/stated in the picture/chart/passage above... 正如上面的图片/表格/文章展示/陈述的那样,很明显…… ·It is apparent (to sb) that... (对某人来说)……是明显的
(1)句子语法填空
① is apparently shown in the chart above,there are about 10% students supporting the idea.
② was apparent that diet and exercise are of great importance.
③She was (apparent) moved when she heard the stories behind the great discovery.
(2)一句多译
很显然,她非常激动。
④ she was very excited.
⑤ ,she was very excited.
9.insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
Only when we insist on working out regularly can we build up our body.
只有当我们坚持有规律地锻炼时,我们才能强健体魄。
He insists that the project (should) be carried out on schedule.
他坚决要求按计划开展这项工程。
归纳拓展 insist on/upon (sb/sth) (doing) sth 坚决要求(某人/某物)(做)某事/坚持做某事 “insist(坚决要求/主张) that...”从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形” “insist(坚持说/认为) that...”从句用陈述语气
　　与insist用法相似的词还有suggest。当suggest作“建议”讲时,其后的从句要用虚拟语气;作“表明,暗示”讲时,其后的从句用陈述语气。
(1)句子语法填空
①The brave captain insisted heading to the destination in the storm.
②The young man insisted that he (send) to the countryside to work as a practice teacher.
③Her pale face suggested that she (be) ill,and her mother suggested that she (go) to hospital as soon as possible.
(2)翻译句子
④虽然可能会遭受失败,但研究人员仍坚持完成了实验。
⑤老师坚持认为成功的秘诀在于强大的意志力。
10.circumstance n.[usually pl.]条件;环境;状况
His words were of little comfort in the circumstances.
在这种情况下,他的话起不了什么安慰作用。
My teacher always reminds me that under no circumstances should I abandon my learning goals once I set them.
我的老师总是提醒我,一旦设定了学习目标,在任何情况下都不应该放弃。
归纳拓展 family/personal circumstances 家庭/个人经济状况 in/under...circumstances 在……情况下 in/under no circumstances 绝不;无论如何不(置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装)
　　表示否定意义的介词短语at no time(在任何时候都不)、on no condition(无论如何都不)、on no account(绝不)、in no way(绝不)、in no sense(绝不)等位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。
(1)句子语法填空
①It is personal efforts instead of social and financial (circumstance) that play a crucial part in one’s development.
②Firefighters are always brave and save people dangerous circumstances.
(2)翻译句子
③无论如何我都不会向困难屈服。
④条件允许的话,这个团队会采访更多老年人以获得更准确的数据。
1.现在分词作方式状语
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)He loved to explore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved problems.
他喜欢探索房子周围的树林,观察大自然是如何解决问题的。
The coach is a master in volleyball and has led her team to world champions,showing great sportsmanship to the world.
这位教练是排球界的高手,曾带领她的球队获得过世界冠军,向世界展示了伟大的体育精神。
①有些现在分词在句中没有逻辑主语,它们往往作为句子的评注性状语修饰整个句子,表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如:generally speaking(一般来说)、“judging by/from ...”(从……判断)、taking everything into consideration(从各方面考虑)。
②现在分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语发出的动作,表示主动关系;过去分词作状语时,过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,表示被动关系。
(1)完成句子
①没过多久,一顿丰盛的早餐就做好了,散发出阵阵香味。
It was not long before a perfect breakfast was well done, .
②她为我们学生树立了一个好榜样,完全值得我尊敬。
to us students,she fully deserves my respect.
(2)翻译句子
③除夕当晚,我的家人通常聚在一起吃晚饭并分享一些有趣的经历。
④跟着导游,我们开始向山顶攀登。
⑤知道你喜欢音乐,我想邀请你参加今年的音乐节。
2.介词短语作时间状语
Upon knowing that he was admitted to his dream school,the boy was so excited that he burst into tears.
得知自己被梦寐以求的学校录取后,这个男孩激动得热泪盈眶。
Upon their return to the country,the women’s volleyball team received praise and flowers.
女排一回国,就收到了赞誉和鲜花。
①某些at引导的介词短语也可以用来表达“一……就……”,如at the sight of (一看到)、at the thought of (一想到)、at the sound of (一听到)等。
②在名词minute、moment、second和instant前加上定冠词the也可以引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”,它们后面可以加that,含义不变。
③可用副词immediately、instantly和directly来表示“一……就……”。这时,它们起连接作用,引导时间状语从句。这种用法主要出现在英式英语及口语中。
④upon还可换作介词on,表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生,这种用法常见于正式的文体,根据语境,可译作“在……的时候;当……时;一……就……”。
(1)完成句子
①我本该一收到你寄来的生日礼物就写封感谢信的。
I should have written a thank-you letter for the gift you sent me for my birthday .
②一到机场,我们所有人就受到了热烈欢迎。
the airport,we were all welcomed warmly.
(2)翻译句子
③他一回到家乡,就去拜访了他的老师。
[教师备用]
This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), .
本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦(得主之一),她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以被发现。
分析:本句是 句,主句中含有被动语态结构,whose引导的 从句,修饰先行词Tu Youyou。
①袁隆平是一位伟大的农业科学家,他为消除世界饥饿问题作出了巨大贡献。
②人们普遍认为孙中山(Sun Yat-sen)是一位伟大的革命家,他的影响建立在他为创建一个更好的社会持续不断的努力之上。
人物个性、品格描写
1.committed 尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的
2.become the head of 成为……的负责人
3.would not acknowledge defeat 不愿认输
4.insist on坚决要求
5.test the medicine on oneself 以身试药
6.stand up to 经受得住;对抗
7.commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
8.with the objective of improving people’s health and saving lives 以提高人民健康水平、挽救生命为目标
9.determined/strong-willed 意志坚定的
10.caring/thoughtful/considerate 体贴的
11.modest/humble 谦虚的,谦卑的
12.responsible 负责任的
13.ambitious 志向远大的
14.gifted 有天赋的;有才华的
15.persistent 坚持不懈的
1.Though faced with the most challenging event of my life,I’m still full of courage and confidence.
虽然面临着人生中最具挑战性的事件,但我依然充满勇气和信心。
2.He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality.
他是个充满热情与活力、有远大抱负的青年。
1.虽然她在运动方面很有天赋,但她依旧十分努力地训练。
2.他是一个意志坚定的人,满怀远大目标。
3.我的生物老师,一位志向远大的大学教授,致力于进一步提高癌症患者的存活率。
课文二次开发利用
[教师备用]
课文语法填空
This 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1. (award) to Tu Youyou,2. research led to the discovery of artemisinin,a crucial new treatment for malaria.
Tu Youyou,a 3. (commit) and patient scientist,was born in Ningbo,China,in 1930,and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1967,the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the 4. (object) of discovering a new treatment for malaria,and Tu Youyou was 5. the first researchers chosen.From their research,they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments.
One medical text suggested 6. (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tu’s team tested 7. collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect.They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,and using the liquid obtained from this 8. (treat) malaria,but this did not work either.Their project got stuck.She then concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood 9. (apparent) destroyed its medical properties.
After failing more than 190 times,the team finally succeeded in 1971.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on 10. (they) to make sure that it was safe.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me,and all the people of my country...” 　　Society keeps changing and developing,but the value of great people is long-lasting.There are numerous people of achievement in different fields who have made great contributions to the development of China.It is their deep love for our country,determination to improve people’s well-being,and perseverance that allow them to obtain great achievements.Their spirits are well worth learning.
Part 1　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.remarkable　　 adj.非凡的;显著的
2.theory n.理论;学说
3.property n.性质;特征;财产
4.extract n.提取物;摘录
vt.提取;提炼;摘录;(用力)拔出
5.data n.数据,资料
6.liquid n.液体
adj.液体的;液态的
7.substance n.物质;物品;事实根据
8.numerous adj.众多的;许多的
9.chart n.图表
vt.记录;制订计划
核心单词
1.crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的
2.vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
3.outspoken adj.直言的;坦诚的
4.obtain vt.获得;赢得
vi.存在;流行
5.defeat n.失败;挫败
vt.击败;战胜
6.insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
7.mostly adv.主要地;一般地
8.standout adj.突出的
n.突出的人或物
9.circumstance n.[usually pl.] 条件;环境;状况
10.found vt.创建;建立
运用词汇
1.commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献;投入
2.curious adj.好奇的;求知欲强的→curiosity n.好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地
3.objective n.目标;目的 adj.客观的→object n.目标;物体;宾语vt.提出……作为反对的理由 vi.反对;不赞成→objection n.反对
4.hope n.& v.希望→hopeful adj.怀有希望的→hopeless adj.没有希望的
5.evaluate vt.评价;评估→evaluation n.评价;评估;估算
6.distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→distinction n.差别;特质;优秀;区分;卓越→distinctive adj.独特的;特别的;有特色的
7.scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→science n.科学;学科→scientist n.科学家
8.declare vt.表明;宣布→declaration n.宣称;公布
9.analyse vt.分析→analysis n.分析
10.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→acknowledgement n.承认;感谢;谢礼
11.conclusion n.结论;推论→conclude vt.推断出;结束;终止→conclusive adj.决定性的
12.apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然→apparent adj.显然的;显而易见的;表面上的
重点词块
1.lead to 导致;通向
2.insist on 坚决要求
3.commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
4.graduate from 毕业于……
5.as to 关于,至于
6.get stuck 陷入僵局;碰到困难无法继续
7.by chance 偶然;意外地
8.succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
9.make sure 确保
10.stand up to 经受得住
11.manage to do sth 设法做某事
12.come to/draw a conclusion 得出结论
重点句型
1.他们参观了卢浮宫,在那里花了几个小时欣赏《蒙娜丽莎》。(where引导非限制性定语从句)
They visited the Louvre Museum,where they spent hours admiring the Mona Lisa.
2.她走进房间,向所有人亲切地微笑着。(现在分词作状语)
She walked into the room,smiling warmly at everyone.
3.很幸运的是,我们有一张地图,如果没有它的话,我们就会迷路了。(“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句)
Fortunately we had a map,without which we would have got lost.
4.当打开这个古老的盒子时,一道奇异的光芒照亮了房间。(upon doing...句式)
Upon opening the ancient box,a strange light filled the room.
[教师备用]
答案:1.discovery　2.graduated　3.chosen　4.promise　5.effect　6.lower　7.tested
(　　)1.What did Tu Youyou decide to turn to for working out a new treatment for malaria
A.Peking University Medical School. B.The Chinese government.
C.Ancient Chinese medical texts. D.A world-renowned research team.
(　　)2.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.All the medical texts they researched were of no help.
B.The road of finding artemisinin was not smooth.
C.Tu’s team found the breakthrough point by experiment.
D.Tu’s team tested the medicine on animals to ensure safety.
(　　)3.What can we infer from the text
A.It was Tu Youyou’s personal efforts that contributed to the discovery of artemisinin.
B.Tu Youyou has helped save numerous lives as she found the cause of getting malaria.
C.Traditional Chinese medicine has been acknowledged by more people worldwide.
D.The success of treatment for malaria proves that traditional Chinese medicine is rather valuable to people.
答案:1.C　2.B　3.D
1.vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
It is vital that we know some knowledge of first aid.
懂得一些急救知识是十分重要的。
As for the work,it is vital to keep accurate records.
就这项工作而言,作好准确的记录非常重要。
Reading books is vital for human development.
读书对人类的进步非常重要。
归纳拓展 be vital to/for... 对……很重要 It is vital to do sth 做某事是很重要的 It is vital that sb (should) do sth ……是十分重要的 be of vital importance to... 对……至关重要
(1)句子语法填空
①Enough sleep is vital 　　　　 the students’ physical and mental health.
②It is vital that you 　　　　(mind) your table manners in China when you attend a dinner party.
(2)完成句子
③对你的朋友们坦诚十分重要。
It is vital 　　　　　　　　　　　　 with your friends.
答案:(1)①to/for　②(should)mind　(2)③to be honest
2.committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的
commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献;投入
They are committed volunteers,watching over the wild animal day and night.
他们是尽心尽力的志愿者,日日夜夜守护着野生动物。
The company has been committed to providing customers with high-quality measuring instruments.
这个公司一直致力于为顾客提供高质量的测量仪器。
Mr.Lee was a brilliant scientist whose commitment to his cause greatly impressed many people.
李先生是一位杰出的科学家,他对自己事业的奉献给许多人留下了深刻印象。
归纳拓展 ·commit a mistake 犯错误 commit... to... 把……送交给……;对……作出承诺;使……致力于…… commit sb/oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) ·be committed to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事;对(做)某事很坚定 ·make a commitment to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺做某事
(1)句子语法填空
①He remains 　　　　(commit) to his dream.
②Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big 　　　　(commit),but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
③The young man has committed his whole life to 　　　　(teach).
(2)完成句子
④这位医生承诺要帮助更多人,因此他每天工作很长时间。
The doctor has 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 more people,for which he works for a long time every day.
⑤政府致力于保护环境免受污染,已经采取了许多有效措施。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the government has taken many effective measures.
答案:(1)①committed　②commitment　③teaching
(2)④made a commitment to helping/help　⑤Committed to protecting the environment from being polluted/Committing itself to protecting the environment from being polluted
Committed to the cause of education,he committed every minute to teaching and research.Eventually,his commitment paid off.
他致力于教育事业,把每一分钟都花在教学和研究上,最终他的付出得到了回报。
3.evaluate vt.评价;评估
evaluation n.评估;评价;估算
evaluative adj.评估的;评价的
We must evaluate her ability on/by her work.
我们必须根据她的工作表现评估她的能力。
The objective of this research is to make an evaluation of the effectiveness of different treatments.
本研究的目的是对不同治疗方法的有效性进行评估。
After ten years of evaluative study,the team eventually made great advances in dealing with the knotty issue.
经过10年的评估研究,该团队最终在解决这一棘手问题方面取得了重大进展。
归纳拓展 ·evaluate sb on/by 根据……评价某人 evaluate how/whether 评价如何/是否…… ·make an evaluation of 对……进行评估
句子语法填空
①It is widely acknowledged that students should 　　　　 (evaluate) in terms of overall quality.
②They will give an 　　　　 (evaluate) of the quality of the building.
③This kind of effective software makes it easier for the company 　　　　 (evaluate) its operation system.
答案:①be evaluated　②evaluation　③to evaluate
4.distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的;截然不同的
distinction n.差别;特质;优秀;区分;卓越
distinctive adj.独特的;特别的;有特色的
It is distinct that we should make a distinction between them.
很明显,我们应该把它们区分开来。
Gold is distinct from iron.
金与铁是不同的。
归纳拓展 ·It is distinct that...很明显…… be distinct from...in...在……方面与……不同 ·make/draw a distinction 区别对待;区分开来 the distinction between A and B　A与B之间的差别
(1)句子语法填空
①The two posters are distinct 　　　　 each other 　　　　 styles.
②There are four seasons in a year,each of which has 　　　　(distinct) features.
(2)翻译句子
③英语和汉语是两种完全不同的语言。
④对于青少年来说,明辨是非是至关重要的。
答案:(1)①from;in　②distinctive　(2)③English and Chinese are two entirely distinct languages.　④It is of vital importance for teenagers to make/draw a distinction between right and wrong.
5.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢;告知收悉
acknowledgement n.承认;感谢;谢礼
He is widely acknowledged as/to be an excellent player.
他被公认为是一名出色的运动员。
It’s acknowledged that reading plays an important part in learning English.
人们普遍认为阅读在英语学习中起到重要作用。
I’m writing to acknowledge your encouragement and support when I was defeated.
我写信是为了感谢您在我被打败时给予的鼓励和支持。
归纳拓展 acknowledge doing /having done sth承认做了某事 acknowledge sb/sth to be/as 承认某人/某物是…… acknowledge that承认…… It is generally/universally acknowledged that... ……是大家公认的
(1)句子语法填空
①He acknowledged 　　　　 (make) some mistakes in the English examination.
②These flowers are a small 　　　　(acknowledge) of your great kindness.
③She is also acknowledged　　　　 a great yoga expert.
(2)一词多义
④We acknowledge the contributions of everyone who is committed to his work.　　　　　　　
⑤He is widely acknowledged to be one of the best players in the world.　　　　　　　
⑥I’m happy that my performance at work is acknowledged by my boss.　　　　　　　
⑦I would be grateful if you could acknowledge receipt of this letter.　　　　　　　
答案:(1)①making/having made　②acknowledgement
③as/to be　(2)④感谢　⑤承认;认为
⑥认可　⑦告知收悉
6.defeat n.失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜
Know the enemy and know yourself,and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat.
知己知彼,百战不殆。
He defeated his opponents in this election.
他在这次选举中击败了对手。
归纳拓展 defeat sth/sb 打败、战胜某物或某人 defeat A at B 在B方面打败A defeat表示“失败”时,是不可数名词;表示“失败的事情”时,是可数名词。
单词 意义 所跟宾语
win 赢得;获胜 比赛、奖品、奖金、名誉、财产、战争等
beat 击败;战胜 竞争中的队伍或对手,或战争中的敌人等
defeat 击败;战胜 通常接表示“人”或“团体”的名词或代词作宾语。既可以指在比赛中,也可以指在战场上战胜对手
Yesterday,I defeated/beat John at chess.He won only one set,while I won two sets.
昨天和约翰下棋,我赢了他。他只赢了一盘,而我赢了两盘。
(1)句子语法填空
①He did all he could 　　　　 (win) his favour.
②Yesterday, he defeated/beat me 　　　　 swimming.
(2)完成句子
③我们需要知道,我们失败的原因是没有做好充分的准备。
We need to know that the reason why 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 was that we hadn’t made full preparations.
④我们的棒球队上个星期失利了,但我们没有放弃。
Our baseball team 　　　　　　　　 last week,but we didn’t give up.
答案:(1)①to win　②at　(2)③we were defeated
④suffered defeat
7.conclude vt.& vi.推断出;结束;终止
conclusion n.结论;推论;结束;结尾
Each chapter concludes with a short summary.
每一个章节都以一个简短的总结结尾。
I conclude from my own experiences that it is important to work with our own hands.
我从自己的经历中得出结论:用自己的双手劳动很重要。
We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion.
我们将进一步讨论,然后再得出最终结论。
In conclusion,strolling is a cheap,safe,enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
总而言之,散步是一种低价、安全、愉快的锻炼方式,而且随时随地都可以进行。
归纳拓展 ·conclude... from... 从……中推断出…… conclude (from sth) that... (从某事中)推断出……;(从某事中)断定…… conclude (sth) with/by doing... 以……结束(……) ·bring... to a conclusion 使……结束 draw/reach/come to/arrive at a/the conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 最后;总之;总而言之 jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论
　　除in conclusion外,写作时还常常用到以下短语作为全文总结语:in a word、in brief、all in all、in short、on the whole。
句子语法填空
①What can we conclude 　　　　 the conversation
②In 　　　　 (conclude),I’d like to thank everyone who has helped us.
③The meeting concluded 　　　　 an agreement at 10 o’clock.
答案:①from　②conclusion　③with
8.apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然
apparent adj.显而易见的;显然的;表面上的
Apparently,hard work and a determined attitude contribute greatly to one’s success.
显然,勤奋和坚定的态度对一个人的成功大有裨益。
It is apparent to him that sticking to the dream is challenging,but he won’t give up.
对他来说,坚持梦想显然具有挑战性,但他不会放弃。
归纳拓展 ·As is apparently shown/stated in the picture/chart/passage above... 正如上面的图片/表格/文章展示/陈述的那样,很明显…… ·It is apparent (to sb) that... (对某人来说)……是明显的
(1)句子语法填空
①　　　　 is apparently shown in the chart above,there are about 10% students supporting the idea.
②　　　　 was apparent that diet and exercise are of great importance.
③She was 　　　　(apparent) moved when she heard the stories behind the great discovery.
(2)一句多译
很显然,她非常激动。
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 she was very excited.
⑤　　　　　　　　,she was very excited.
答案:(1)①As　②It　③apparently　(2)④It was apparent that　⑤Apparently
9.insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
Only when we insist on working out regularly can we build up our body.
只有当我们坚持有规律地锻炼时,我们才能强健体魄。
He insists that the project (should) be carried out on schedule.
他坚决要求按计划开展这项工程。
归纳拓展 insist on/upon (sb/sth) (doing) sth 坚决要求(某人/某物)(做)某事/坚持做某事 “insist(坚决要求/主张) that...”从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形” “insist(坚持说/认为) that...”从句用陈述语气
　　与insist用法相似的词还有suggest。当suggest作“建议”讲时,其后的从句要用虚拟语气;作“表明,暗示”讲时,其后的从句用陈述语气。
(1)句子语法填空
①The brave captain insisted 　　　　 heading to the destination in the storm.
②The young man insisted that he 　　　　 (send) to the countryside to work as a practice teacher.
③Her pale face suggested that she 　　　　 (be) ill,and her mother suggested that she 　　　　 (go) to hospital as soon as possible.
(2)翻译句子
④虽然可能会遭受失败,但研究人员仍坚持完成了实验。
⑤老师坚持认为成功的秘诀在于强大的意志力。
答案:(1)①on/upon　②(should) be sent
③was;(should) go　(2)④The researchers insisted on finishing the experiment even though they might suffer from failure.
⑤The teacher insists that the secret to success lies in the strong willpower.
10.circumstance n.[usually pl.]条件;环境;状况
His words were of little comfort in the circumstances.
在这种情况下,他的话起不了什么安慰作用。
My teacher always reminds me that under no circumstances should I abandon my learning goals once I set them.
我的老师总是提醒我,一旦设定了学习目标,在任何情况下都不应该放弃。
归纳拓展 family/personal circumstances 家庭/个人经济状况 in/under...circumstances 在……情况下 in/under no circumstances 绝不;无论如何不(置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装)
　　表示否定意义的介词短语at no time(在任何时候都不)、on no condition(无论如何都不)、on no account(绝不)、in no way(绝不)、in no sense(绝不)等位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。
(1)句子语法填空
①It is personal efforts instead of social and financial 　　　　(circumstance) that play a crucial part in one’s development.
②Firefighters are always brave and save people 　　　　 dangerous circumstances.
(2)翻译句子
③无论如何我都不会向困难屈服。
④条件允许的话,这个团队会采访更多老年人以获得更准确的数据。
答案:(1)①circumstances　②in/under
(2)③In/Under no circumstances will I give in to difficulties.　④If circumstances permit,the team will interview more old people to obtain more accurate data.
1.现在分词作方式状语
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)He loved to explore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved problems.
他喜欢探索房子周围的树林,观察大自然是如何解决问题的。
The coach is a master in volleyball and has led her team to world champions,showing great sportsmanship to the world.
这位教练是排球界的高手,曾带领她的球队获得过世界冠军,向世界展示了伟大的体育精神。
①有些现在分词在句中没有逻辑主语,它们往往作为句子的评注性状语修饰整个句子,表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如:generally speaking(一般来说)、“judging by/from ...”(从……判断)、taking everything into consideration(从各方面考虑)。
②现在分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语发出的动作,表示主动关系;过去分词作状语时,过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,表示被动关系。
(1)完成句子
①没过多久,一顿丰盛的早餐就做好了,散发出阵阵香味。
It was not long before a perfect breakfast was well done,　.
②她为我们学生树立了一个好榜样,完全值得我尊敬。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to us students,she fully deserves my respect.
(2)翻译句子
③除夕当晚,我的家人通常聚在一起吃晚饭并分享一些有趣的经历。
④跟着导游,我们开始向山顶攀登。
⑤知道你喜欢音乐,我想邀请你参加今年的音乐节。
答案:(1)①giving off nice smell　②Setting a good example　(2)③On Chinese New Year’s Eve,my family usually get together,having dinner and sharing some interesting experiences.　④Following the guide,we started to climb up to the top of the mountain.　⑤Knowing that you are fond of music,I would like to invite you to attend this year’s music festival.
2.介词短语作时间状语
Upon knowing that he was admitted to his dream school,the boy was so excited that he burst into tears.
得知自己被梦寐以求的学校录取后,这个男孩激动得热泪盈眶。
Upon their return to the country,the women’s volleyball team received praise and flowers.
女排一回国,就收到了赞誉和鲜花。
①某些at引导的介词短语也可以用来表达“一……就……”,如at the sight of (一看到)、at the thought of (一想到)、at the sound of (一听到)等。
②在名词minute、moment、second和instant前加上定冠词the也可以引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”,它们后面可以加that,含义不变。
③可用副词immediately、instantly和directly来表示“一……就……”。这时,它们起连接作用,引导时间状语从句。这种用法主要出现在英式英语及口语中。
④upon还可换作介词on,表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生,这种用法常见于正式的文体,根据语境,可译作“在……的时候;当……时;一……就……”。
(1)完成句子
①我本该一收到你寄来的生日礼物就写封感谢信的。
I should have written a thank-you letter for the gift you sent me for my birthday 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②一到机场,我们所有人就受到了热烈欢迎。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 the airport,we were all welcomed warmly.
(2)翻译句子
③他一回到家乡,就去拜访了他的老师。
答案:(1)①upon/on receiving it　②On/Upon arriving at　(2)③Upon his return to his hometown,he paid a visit to his teachers./The instant he returned to his hometown,he called on his teachers./Immediately he returned to his hometown,he visited his teachers.
[教师备用]
This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner),whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin,a crucial new treatment for malaria.
本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦(得主之一),她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以被发现。
分析:本句是主从复合句,主句中含有被动语态结构,whose引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Tu Youyou。
①袁隆平是一位伟大的农业科学家,他为消除世界饥饿问题作出了巨大贡献。
②人们普遍认为孙中山(Sun Yat-sen)是一位伟大的革命家,他的影响建立在他为创建一个更好的社会持续不断的努力之上。
答案:①Yuan Longping was a great agricultural scientist,who made great contributions to getting rid of the world’s hunger.　②Sun Yat-sen was widely acknowledged to be a great revolutionist,whose influence was based on his continuous struggle for building a better society.
人物个性、品格描写
1.committed 尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的
2.become the head of 成为……的负责人
3.would not acknowledge defeat 不愿认输
4.insist on坚决要求
5.test the medicine on oneself 以身试药
6.stand up to 经受得住;对抗
7.commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
8.with the objective of improving people’s health and saving lives 以提高人民健康水平、挽救生命为目标
9.determined/strong-willed 意志坚定的
10.caring/thoughtful/considerate 体贴的
11.modest/humble 谦虚的,谦卑的
12.responsible 负责任的
13.ambitious 志向远大的
14.gifted 有天赋的;有才华的
15.persistent 坚持不懈的
1.Though faced with the most challenging event of my life,I’m still full of courage and confidence.
虽然面临着人生中最具挑战性的事件,但我依然充满勇气和信心。
2.He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality.
他是个充满热情与活力、有远大抱负的青年。
1.虽然她在运动方面很有天赋,但她依旧十分努力地训练。
2.他是一个意志坚定的人,满怀远大目标。
3.我的生物老师,一位志向远大的大学教授,致力于进一步提高癌症患者的存活率。
答案:1.Though quite gifted in sports,she is still training very hard.
2.He is a strong-willed man full of ambitious goals.
3.My biology teacher,an ambitious college professor,is committed to further improving the survival rate of cancer patients.
课文二次开发利用
[教师备用]
课文语法填空
This 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1.　　 　　(award) to Tu Youyou,2.　　　　 research led to the discovery of artemisinin,a crucial new treatment for malaria.
Tu Youyou,a 3.　　　　(commit) and patient scientist,was born in Ningbo,China,in 1930,and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1967,the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the 4.　　　　(object) of discovering a new treatment for malaria,and Tu Youyou was 5.　　　　 the first researchers chosen.From their research,they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments.
One medical text suggested 6.　　　　(use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tu’s team tested 7.　　　　 collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect.They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,and using the liquid obtained from this 8.　　　　(treat) malaria,but this did not work either.Their project got stuck.She then concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood 9.　　　　(apparent) destroyed its medical properties.
After failing more than 190 times,the team finally succeeded in 1971.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on 10.　　　　(they) to make sure that it was safe.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me,and all the people of my country...”
答案:1.was awarded　2.whose　3.committed 4.objective　5.among　6.using　7.a　8.to treat　9.apparently　10.themselves

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