资源简介

Part 2　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.tick　　　　　　 vt.
vi.
n.
2.conflict n.
vi.
3.appropriate adj.
4.slight adj.
5.intervene vi.
核心单词
1. adj.敞开的;张着的;公开的
v.打开
n.户外
2. n.交流;沟通
3. vt.意味着;暗示
4. vi.盯着看;凝视
n.凝视
5. n.信号;暗示
6. vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心
n.麻烦;不便
7. adj.放松的
8. n.隔阂;屏障;障碍
9. n.差异
运用词汇
1.expect vt.期望→n.预期;期望→ adj.预期的;预料的→ adj.意想不到的→ adv.意想不到地
2.tendency n.趋势;倾向→ vi.趋于;倾向vi.& vt.照料;照顾
3.appeal n.呼吁;恳求;上诉;吸引力;感染力vi.呼吁→ adj.有吸引力的
4.barely adv.几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚→ adj.空的;赤裸的;无遮蔽的
5.occupy vt.占据;占用→ n.工作;职业;占用;消遣→ adj.忙碌的;已占用的;使用中的
6.distract vt.分散 (注意力);使分心→ n.分散注意力的事;娱乐;消遣→ adj.注意力分散的→ adj.使人分心的
7.disappoint vt.使失望→ adj.失望的;沮丧的→ adj.令人失望的;令人扫兴的→ n.失望;沮丧
8.distinguish vi.& vt.区分;辨别→ adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的
9.freeze vi.& vt.呆住;突然停止;(使)结冰,(使)冻结→adj.冰点以下的;结冰的;极冷的→ adj.冷冻的;冷藏的;冻僵
10.anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕→ adj.焦虑的;担忧的;急切的;渴望的→ adv.焦急地;忧虑地;渴望地
11.embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的→ adj.令人尴尬的;令人难堪的→ n.窘迫;难堪;令人为难的人或事物→ vt.使尴尬
12.drama n.戏剧→ adj.巨大的;急剧的→ adv.戏剧性地;引人注目地;显著地,剧烈地
13.ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧→ n.羞耻;惭愧;让人遗憾的事→ adj.丢脸的;可
耻的
14.adjust vt.调整;调节vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→ n.调整;调节→ adj.可调节的;可调整的
15.react vi.(对……) 起反应;回应;(对食物等) 有不良反应→ n.反应;回应
重点词块
1. 换句话说;也就是说
2. 留意;留神
3. 倾向于做某事
4. (短暂地) 访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
5. 大声点说;明确表态
6. 对……作出反应
7. 对……感兴趣
8. 把……解释清楚;被传达
9. 注意
10. 符合(标准),不负(盛名)
11. 费心做某事
重点句型
1.如果演讲者在演讲时双臂交叉,这表明他处于防备状态,不愿接受提问。(have sth done)
If a speaker during a presentation,it suggests he is defensive and not open to questions.
2.粉丝们高举手机,兴奋地记录着演唱会的每一刻。(with复合结构)
,the fans recorded every moment of the concert excitedly.
3.尽管大多数人能轻易将点头理解为赞同,但点头速度和力度的细微差异可能传递犹豫或不耐烦。(while引导让步状语从句)
,slight differences in nodding speed and intensity can convey hesitation or impatience.
4.如果他一直避免眼神接触,我可以断定他要么心情不好,要么有所隐瞒。(if引导条件状语从句)
,I can conclude that he is either upset or hiding something.
[教师备用]
(　　)1.What does the sentence “what makes each student tick” in Paragraph 1 mean
A.What makes students feel time flying.
B.What troubles students when they are in school.
C.What distracts students’ attention from their study.
D.What makes students behave in the way that they do.
(　　)2.What will a student do when he feels bored
A.He will look up and make eye contact. B.He will put his chin on his hands.
C.He will sleep with his eyes open. D.He will lower his head to check his watch.
(　　)3.Where is the text likely to be taken from
A.A social magazine. B.A travel brochure.
C.A textbook. D.A science report.
1.tendency n.趋势;倾向
tend vi.倾向;趋于vi.& vt.照顾;照料
People have a tendency to get together with their families in the week-long holiday.
人们往往会在这一周的假期里和家人聚在一起。
There is a tendency for this disease to run in families.
这种疾病容易在家族里遗传。
(2023·全国乙卷) I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险,沿途拍照。
归纳拓展 ·a tendency to/towards... ……的倾向/趋势 have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事 There is a growing tendency for sb to do sth 某人做某事的倾向日益增长 ·tend to do sth 倾向于做某事 tend (to) sb/sth照顾/照料某人/某物
(1)句子语法填空
①I have a (tend) to talk too much when I’m nervous.
②It tends (get) very cold here in the winter.
(2)完成句子
③救护车上的救护人员正在照料伤者。
Ambulance crews .
④越来越多的人倾向于用手机看新闻。
There is a growing tendency by phone.
2.occupy vt.占据;占用
occupied adj.忙碌的;已占用的;使用中的
occupation n.工作;职业;占用;消遣
After my father retired,he tends to occupy himself with public welfare.
我父亲退休后常常忙于公益事业。
The big table occupies too much room.
这张大桌子占了太多空间。
She was occupied with her work,without noticing evening approaching.
她在忙她的工作,没有注意到夜幕降临。
归纳拓展 occupy oneself in doing sth=be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事;专心做某事 occupy oneself with sth=be occupied with sth 忙于某事;专心于某事
　　“忙于(做)某事”的其他表达有be busy/engaged with sth、be busy/engaged (in) doing sth等。
(1)句子语法填空
①There were over 40 guests, all (occupy) one wing of the building.
②I rushed back to the library, only to find my seat (occupy) by another student.
③I suppose I was looking for an (occupy) which was going to be an adventure.
(2)一句多译
由于忙于工作,她无暇照看自己的孩子。
④, she had no time to tend to her children.(现在分词短语作状语)
⑤, she had no time to tend to her children.(过去分词短语作状语)
I can’t spend much time with my child,because I am occupied with my occupation,which occupies most of my time every day.
我不能花很多时间陪我的孩子,因为我忙于工作,这占据了我每天大部分的时间。
3.distinguish vi.& vt.区分;辨别
distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的
You are more likely to distinguish between what matters and what does not.
你更有可能区分什么重要,什么不重要。
You are old enough to distinguish fact from fantasy.
你已经足够大了,能分清事实和幻想了。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)You are our distinguished foreign language teacher,whose aid can help us a lot.
您是我们杰出的外语教师,您的援助会帮到我们很多。
归纳拓展 ·distinguish...from...使……有别于……;把……与……区分开 distinguish between...and... 区分/辨别……和…… distinguish oneself (as...) (作为……而)著名 ·be distinguished for/as... 因/作为……而出名
句子语法填空
①What was it that distinguished her her classmates
②Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing areas of light and dark.
③Over the next few years he distinguished himself a leading scholar.
④She is distinguished having won the Nobel Prize in literature.
4.anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕;渴望
anxious adj.焦虑的;担忧的;急切的;渴望的
anxiously adv.焦急地;忧虑地;渴望地
Tom’s anxiety to succeed led him to work hard.
汤姆对成功的渴望使他更加努力。
With anxiety,I reached for the door,opening it quickly.
我焦急地伸手去开门并迅速地打开了。
归纳拓展 ·with anxiety焦急地 anxiety to do sth 对做某事的渴望 anxiety for sth 对某物的渴望 ·be anxious about sth/for sb 担忧某事/某人 be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事 be anxious that...(should) do sth 急切/渴望……
(1)句子语法填空
①Watching him climbing up the cliff, everybody was breathless anxiety.
②Michael glanced (anxious) down the corridor, but Wilfred was nowhere to be seen.
③She was anxious the interview, thus she couldn’t sleep well.
④He was anxious (finish) school and get a job he desired.
(2)翻译句子
⑤她对知识的渴望应该受到称赞。
⑥他渴望父亲给予帮助。
5.embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的
embarrass vt.使难堪;使局促不安
embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的;令人难堪的
embarrassment n.窘迫;难堪;令人为难的人或事物
Though I was embarrassed,his words made me a little relaxed.
虽然我很尴尬,但他的话让我放松了一些。
You’re right.We shouldn’t be embarrassed about our weight.
你说得对。我们不应该为我们的体重感到尴尬。
归纳拓展 ·be/feel embarrassed to do sth 对做某事感到尴尬 be/feel embarrassed about/at 对……感到难为情/不知所措 ·to one’s embarrassment 让某人尴尬的是……
(1)句子语法填空
①His ignorant behaviour at the dinner table caused much (embarrass).
②When it was his turn to give his speech,nervous and (embarrass),he walked towards the microphone.
③Having lost the money,I was in an (embarrass) situation.
(2)完成句子
④房间如此不整洁,我感到非常尴尬。
I how untidy the house was.
The embarrassing occasion embarrassed him so much that he felt very embarrassed and an embarrassed expression appeared on his face.
令人尴尬的场景让他感到非常尴尬,他脸上露出了尴尬的表情。
6.ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧
shameful adj.可耻的;羞耻的;丢脸的
shame n.羞耻;惭愧;让人遗憾的事
I felt incredibly ashamed of myself for getting so angry.
我对自己发那么大的火而深感惭愧。
I feel quite ashamed that I have not fulfilled the task.
我为没有完成任务感到很惭愧。
归纳拓展 ·feel/be ashamed of (doing) sth因(做了)某事而感到羞愧 feel/be ashamed to do sth耻于做某事,因难为情而不愿做某事 feel/be ashamed that...对……感到惭愧 ·It’s a shame that... ……真让人遗憾 What a shame/pity!真可惜!
(1)句子语法填空
①She was ashamed (ask) such a simple question.
②It is shame that you have missed the nice beginning of the film.
(2)完成句子
③我犯了一些粗心的错误,感到很羞愧。
I had made some careless mistakes.
7.call on (短暂地) 访问;要求 (某人讲话等);正式邀请
(2022·全国甲卷)What’s more,we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.
而且,我们还可以分发小册子,号召更多的人来保护海洋。
I will call on you when I am in town.
我到城里之后会去看你。
Mary is shy and she is afraid of being called on in class.
玛丽很害羞,害怕在课堂上被提问。
归纳拓展 call up 给……打电话;(使) 回忆起;征召……入伍 call off 取消 call in 请来;召集;召来 call at 拜访 (某地);停靠 call back 召唤某人回来;回电话;收回 call for 要求;需要;接 (某人)
(1)用call的相关短语填空
①Doing this job well patience.
②We the people of all countries to work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
③These pictures memories of our class trip to Qingdao.
(2)完成句子
④很多专家被请来提建议。
Many experts have been for advice.
⑤因为天气恶劣,所以比赛被取消了。
The game was because of the bad weather.
8.bother vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心
n.麻烦;不便
I’m terribly sorry to bother you with such small things.
为一些如此小的事麻烦你,我真抱歉。
Please don’t bother me while I’m reading English.
我在读英语的时候请不要打扰我。
归纳拓展 bother sb (with/about sth) (因某事)打扰或麻烦某人 bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事 it bothers sb that/to do sth 使某人苦恼的是……;做某事使人苦恼 can’t be bothered to do sth 不想花时间或精力做某事
句子语法填空
①It really bothered me he’d forgotten my birthday.
②He didn’t want to bother her these problems when she was on holiday.
③Most of the papers didn’t even bother(report) it.
9.adjust vt.调整;调节
vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯
adjustment n.调整;调节
adjustable adj.可调整的;可调节的
When giving lectures,please adjust your language to the age of your audience.
作演讲时,请根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。
It took a few minutes for me to adjust to the dim lights.
我花了几分钟才适应了昏暗的灯光。
归纳拓展 ·adjust...to...调整……以适应…… adjust to (doing) sth 适应/习惯(做)某事 adjust oneself to... 使自己适应…… ·make adjustments/an adjustment (to...)(to是介词) (对……)作出调整
(1)句子语法填空
①After a few days, Mary adjusted herself to (work) 6 hours a day.
②The bags have (adjust) shoulder straps so that they can fit almost all people.
③I’ve made a few (adjust) to the design to make it more convenient.
(2)完成句子
④航天员必须使自己适应失重状态。
Astronauts have to the weightless conditions.
1.have sth done结构,意为“使……被……”。
I had my watch repaired yesterday.
我昨天让人把我的表维修了。
I’ll have these jobs done by 4 o’clock.
我4点之前就可以把这些工作做完。
It’s important to have your eyes examined regularly.
定期检查眼睛是非常重要的。
　　使役动词have意为“使……;让……”。常用结构如下:
①have sb/sth doing表示 “让……不停地做 (某事处于某种状态)”;若用于否定句中,have表示“容忍;容许”。
②have sth done表示“请某人做某事”或“遭遇到某事”(宾语与宾语补足语为被动关系)。
③have sb do表示 “让某人做……”(指一定的具体的动作),其中do前面不能带to。
　　另外,have还可以表示“有”,常用于have sth to do结构,意为“有某事要做”,动词不定式作定语,主动表被动。
完成句子
①汤姆的车出故障了,因此他打算把车修好。
Tom’s car has broken down, so he is going to .
②史密斯医生让护士给病人量体温。
Dr Smith the patient’s temperature.
③让机器一直运转不是一个好主意。
It is not a good idea to all the time.
④我有如此多的工作要做,以至于我没有时间约会。
I that I have no time for a date.
2.while引导让步状语从句
While the work was difficult, it was interesting.
虽然工作有难度,但很有趣。
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.
虽然我理解你的意思,但我还是不同意(你的观点)。
(1)完成句子
①她喜欢一边做家务,一边听音乐。
She likes to listen to music .
②在伦敦时,他学习音乐和绘画。
, he studied music and painting.
③尽管我愿意帮忙,但是我没有多少时间。
, I do not have much time available.
(2)翻译句子
④汤姆性格外向,非常自信,而他的妹妹却羞涩文静。
[教师备用]
However,①,then I can infer ②.
但是,要是学生懒得梳头,两眼还因哭泣而发红,那么我能够推断出她遇到了更严重的问题。
分析:这是一个句,句中①为if引导的从句,其中含有连接的两个并列分句;②为that引导的从句。
①然而,如果他能意识到自己的错误并且积极改正的话,那么我敢肯定,他一定能成为一名优秀的学生。
②然而,如果他能设定目标,并积极采取行动,那么我相信他一定会实现他的目标。
面部神情、动作描写
1.stare at sb in surprise 惊奇地盯着某人
2.grin from ear to ear 咧着嘴笑
3.look confused 一脸茫然
4.wink at sb secretly 偷偷地向某人眨眼睛
5.throw one’s arms around sb 伸出双臂搂住某人
6.bite one’s lip nervously紧张地咬嘴唇
7.wear a frown皱着眉头
8.a slight flush on one’s cheeks双颊泛起轻微的红晕
9.tears stream down from cheeks 泪水顺着脸颊流下
10.eyes are red from weeping 眼睛因哭泣而发红
11.gaze at the surroundings with large,innocent eyes 用天真的大眼睛注视着周围
1.She laughed,her eyes shining/sparkling/glowing with excitement.
她笑了,眼睛因兴奋而光彩熠熠。
2.He stood there with face pale and his mouth wide open.
他站在那里,脸色苍白,嘴巴张得大大的。
3.The boy grinned from ear to ear when I gave him the present.
我给这个男孩礼物时,他咧着嘴笑了。
4.The smile faded from his lips,and his face turned pale.
他嘴角的笑容消失了,脸色变得苍白。
5.A bright smile appeared on his face.
他的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。
1.她害羞地接过奖杯,双颊泛起轻微的红晕。
2.他一脸茫然,想要去寻找那声音的源头。
3.母亲伸出双臂搂住双胞胎,紧紧地拥抱着他们,感动的眼泪从脸颊上流下来。Part 2　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.tick　　　　　　 vt.给 (试卷、问题等) 打钩号
vi.(钟表) 发出嘀嗒声
n.钩号
2.conflict n.矛盾;冲突
vi.冲突;抵触
3.appropriate adj.合适的;恰当的
4.slight adj.略微的;细小的
5.intervene vi.干预;介入
核心单词
1.open adj.敞开的;张着的;公开的
v.打开
n.户外
2.communication n.交流;沟通
3.imply vt.意味着;暗示
4.stare vi.盯着看;凝视
n.凝视
5.signal n.信号;暗示
6.bother vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心
n.麻烦;不便
7.relaxed adj.放松的
8.barrier n.隔阂;屏障;障碍
9.difference n.差异
运用词汇
1.expect vt.期望→expectationn.预期;期望→expected adj.预期的;预料的→unexpected adj.意想不到的→unexpectedly adv.意想不到地
2.tendency n.趋势;倾向→tend vi.趋于;倾向vi.& vt.照料;照顾
3.appeal n.呼吁;恳求;上诉;吸引力;感染力vi.呼吁→appealing adj.有吸引力的
4.barely adv.几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚→bare adj.空的;赤裸的;无遮蔽的
5.occupy vt.占据;占用→occupation n.工作;职业;占用;消遣→occupied adj.忙碌的;已占用的;使用中的
6.distract vt.分散 (注意力);使分心→distraction n.分散注意力的事;娱乐;消遣→distracted adj.注意力分散的→distracting adj.使人分心的
7.disappoint vt.使失望→disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的;令人扫兴的→disappointment n.失望;沮丧
8.distinguish vi.& vt.区分;辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的
9.freeze vi.& vt.呆住;突然停止;(使)结冰,(使)冻结→freezingadj.冰点以下的;结冰的;极冷的→frozen adj.冷冻的;冷藏的;冻僵
10.anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕→anxious adj.焦虑的;担忧的;急切的;渴望的→anxiously adv.焦急地;忧虑地;渴望地
11.embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的;令人难堪的→embarrassment n.窘迫;难堪;令人为难的人或事物→embarrass vt.使尴尬
12.drama n.戏剧→dramatic adj.巨大的;急剧的→dramatically adv.戏剧性地;引人注目地;显著地,剧烈地
13.ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧→shame n.羞耻;惭愧;让人遗憾的事→shameful adj.丢脸的;可
耻的
14.adjust vt.调整;调节vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→adjustment n.调整;调节→adjustable adj.可调节的;可调整的
15.react vi.(对……) 起反应;回应;(对食物等) 有不良反应→reaction n.反应;回应
重点词块
1.in other words 换句话说;也就是说
2.keep an eye on 留意;留神
3.have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事
4.call on (短暂地) 访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请
5.speak up 大声点说;明确表态
6.react to 对……作出反应
7.be interested in 对……感兴趣
8.come across 把……解释清楚;被传达
9.pay attention (to+n./doing) 注意
10.live up to 符合(标准),不负(盛名)
11.bother to do sth 费心做某事
重点句型
1.如果演讲者在演讲时双臂交叉,这表明他处于防备状态,不愿接受提问。(have sth done)
If a speaker has his arms crossed during a presentation,it suggests he is defensive and not open to questions.
2.粉丝们高举手机,兴奋地记录着演唱会的每一刻。(with复合结构)
With their phones held up high,the fans recorded every moment of the concert excitedly.
3.尽管大多数人能轻易将点头理解为赞同,但点头速度和力度的细微差异可能传递犹豫或不耐烦。(while引导让步状语从句)
While most people can easily interpret a nod as agreement,slight differences in nodding speed and intensity can convey hesitation or impatience.
4.如果他一直避免眼神接触,我可以断定他要么心情不好,要么有所隐瞒。(if引导条件状语从句)
If he consistently avoids eye contact,I can conclude that he is either upset or hiding something.
[教师备用]
答案:1.tick　2.body language　3.interested　4.bored　5.distracted　6.troubled　7.Reacting to
(　　)1.What does the sentence “what makes each student tick” in Paragraph 1 mean
A.What makes students feel time flying.
B.What troubles students when they are in school.
C.What distracts students’ attention from their study.
D.What makes students behave in the way that they do.
(　　)2.What will a student do when he feels bored
A.He will look up and make eye contact. B.He will put his chin on his hands.
C.He will sleep with his eyes open. D.He will lower his head to check his watch.
(　　)3.Where is the text likely to be taken from
A.A social magazine. B.A travel brochure.
C.A textbook. D.A science report.
答案:1.D　2.D　3.A
1.tendency n.趋势;倾向
tend vi.倾向;趋于vi.& vt.照顾;照料
People have a tendency to get together with their families in the week-long holiday.
人们往往会在这一周的假期里和家人聚在一起。
There is a tendency for this disease to run in families.
这种疾病容易在家族里遗传。
(2023·全国乙卷) I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险,沿途拍照。
归纳拓展 ·a tendency to/towards... ……的倾向/趋势 have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事 There is a growing tendency for sb to do sth 某人做某事的倾向日益增长 ·tend to do sth 倾向于做某事 tend (to) sb/sth照顾/照料某人/某物
(1)句子语法填空
①I have a 　　　　 (tend) to talk too much when I’m nervous.
②It tends 　　　　 (get) very cold here in the winter.
(2)完成句子
③救护车上的救护人员正在照料伤者。
Ambulance crews 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④越来越多的人倾向于用手机看新闻。
There is a growing tendency 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 by phone.
答案:(1)①tendency　②to get　(2)③are tending (to) the injured　④for more and more people to read news
2.occupy vt.占据;占用
occupied adj.忙碌的;已占用的;使用中的
occupation n.工作;职业;占用;消遣
After my father retired,he tends to occupy himself with public welfare.
我父亲退休后常常忙于公益事业。
The big table occupies too much room.
这张大桌子占了太多空间。
She was occupied with her work,without noticing evening approaching.
她在忙她的工作,没有注意到夜幕降临。
归纳拓展 occupy oneself in doing sth=be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事;专心做某事 occupy oneself with sth=be occupied with sth 忙于某事;专心于某事
　　“忙于(做)某事”的其他表达有be busy/engaged with sth、be busy/engaged (in) doing sth等。
(1)句子语法填空
①There were over 40 guests, all 　　　　 (occupy) one wing of the building.
②I rushed back to the library, only to find my seat 　　　　 (occupy) by another student.
③I suppose I was looking for an 　　　　 (occupy) which was going to be an adventure.
(2)一句多译
由于忙于工作,她无暇照看自己的孩子。
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, she had no time to tend to her children.(现在分词短语作状语)
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　, she had no time to tend to her children.(过去分词短语作状语)
答案:(1)①occupying　②occupied　③occupation
(2)④Occupying herself in working/with work　⑤Occupied in working/with work
I can’t spend much time with my child,because I am occupied with my occupation,which occupies most of my time every day.
我不能花很多时间陪我的孩子,因为我忙于工作,这占据了我每天大部分的时间。
3.distinguish vi.& vt.区分;辨别
distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的
You are more likely to distinguish between what matters and what does not.
你更有可能区分什么重要,什么不重要。
You are old enough to distinguish fact from fantasy.
你已经足够大了,能分清事实和幻想了。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)You are our distinguished foreign language teacher,whose aid can help us a lot.
您是我们杰出的外语教师,您的援助会帮到我们很多。
归纳拓展 ·distinguish...from...使……有别于……;把……与……区分开 distinguish between...and... 区分/辨别……和…… distinguish oneself (as...) (作为……而)著名 ·be distinguished for/as... 因/作为……而出名
句子语法填空
①What was it that distinguished her 　　　　 her classmates
②Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing 　　　　 areas of light and dark.
③Over the next few years he distinguished himself 　　　　 a leading scholar.
④She is distinguished 　　　　 having won the Nobel Prize in literature.
答案:①from　②between　③as　④for
4.anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕;渴望
anxious adj.焦虑的;担忧的;急切的;渴望的
anxiously adv.焦急地;忧虑地;渴望地
Tom’s anxiety to succeed led him to work hard.
汤姆对成功的渴望使他更加努力。
With anxiety,I reached for the door,opening it quickly.
我焦急地伸手去开门并迅速地打开了。
归纳拓展 ·with anxiety焦急地 anxiety to do sth 对做某事的渴望 anxiety for sth 对某物的渴望 ·be anxious about sth/for sb 担忧某事/某人 be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事 be anxious that...(should) do sth 急切/渴望……
(1)句子语法填空
①Watching him climbing up the cliff, everybody was breathless 　　　　 anxiety.
②Michael glanced 　　　　 (anxious) down the corridor, but Wilfred was nowhere to be seen.
③She was anxious 　　　　 the interview, thus she couldn’t sleep well.
④He was anxious 　　　　 (finish) school and get a job he desired.
(2)翻译句子
⑤她对知识的渴望应该受到称赞。
⑥他渴望父亲给予帮助。
答案:(1)①with　②anxiously　③about　④to finish　(2)⑤Her anxiety for knowledge is to be praised.　⑥He was anxious that his father (should) lend a hand.
5.embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的
embarrass vt.使难堪;使局促不安
embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的;令人难堪的
embarrassment n.窘迫;难堪;令人为难的人或事物
Though I was embarrassed,his words made me a little relaxed.
虽然我很尴尬,但他的话让我放松了一些。
You’re right.We shouldn’t be embarrassed about our weight.
你说得对。我们不应该为我们的体重感到尴尬。
归纳拓展 ·be/feel embarrassed to do sth 对做某事感到尴尬 be/feel embarrassed about/at 对……感到难为情/不知所措 ·to one’s embarrassment 让某人尴尬的是……
(1)句子语法填空
①His ignorant behaviour at the dinner table caused much 　　　　 (embarrass).
②When it was his turn to give his speech,nervous and 　　　　 (embarrass),he walked towards the microphone.
③Having lost the money,I was in an 　　　　 (embarrass) situation.
(2)完成句子
④房间如此不整洁,我感到非常尴尬。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 how untidy the house was.
答案:(1)①embarrassment　②embarrassed
③embarrassing　(2)④felt embarrassed about
The embarrassing occasion embarrassed him so much that he felt very embarrassed and an embarrassed expression appeared on his face.
令人尴尬的场景让他感到非常尴尬,他脸上露出了尴尬的表情。
6.ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧
shameful adj.可耻的;羞耻的;丢脸的
shame n.羞耻;惭愧;让人遗憾的事
I felt incredibly ashamed of myself for getting so angry.
我对自己发那么大的火而深感惭愧。
I feel quite ashamed that I have not fulfilled the task.
我为没有完成任务感到很惭愧。
归纳拓展 ·feel/be ashamed of (doing) sth因(做了)某事而感到羞愧 feel/be ashamed to do sth耻于做某事,因难为情而不愿做某事 feel/be ashamed that...对……感到惭愧 ·It’s a shame that... ……真让人遗憾 What a shame/pity!真可惜!
(1)句子语法填空
①She was ashamed 　　　　 (ask) such a simple question.
②It is 　　　　 shame that you have missed the nice beginning of the film.
(2)完成句子
③我犯了一些粗心的错误,感到很羞愧。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I had made some careless mistakes.
答案:(1)①to ask　②a　(2)③I was ashamed that
7.call on (短暂地) 访问;要求 (某人讲话等);正式邀请
(2022·全国甲卷)What’s more,we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.
而且,我们还可以分发小册子,号召更多的人来保护海洋。
I will call on you when I am in town.
我到城里之后会去看你。
Mary is shy and she is afraid of being called on in class.
玛丽很害羞,害怕在课堂上被提问。
归纳拓展 call up 给……打电话;(使) 回忆起;征召……入伍 call off 取消 call in 请来;召集;召来 call at 拜访 (某地);停靠 call back 召唤某人回来;回电话;收回 call for 要求;需要;接 (某人)
(1)用call的相关短语填空
①Doing this job well 　　　　　　　　 patience.
②We 　　　　　　　　 the people of all countries to work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
③These pictures 　　　　　　　　 memories of our class trip to Qingdao.
(2)完成句子
④很多专家被请来提建议。
Many experts have been 　　　　　　　　 for advice.
⑤因为天气恶劣,所以比赛被取消了。
The game was 　　　　　　　　 because of the bad weather.
答案:(1)①calls for　②call on　③called up
(2)④called in　⑤called off
8.bother vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心
n.麻烦;不便
I’m terribly sorry to bother you with such small things.
为一些如此小的事麻烦你,我真抱歉。
Please don’t bother me while I’m reading English.
我在读英语的时候请不要打扰我。
归纳拓展 bother sb (with/about sth) (因某事)打扰或麻烦某人 bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事 it bothers sb that/to do sth 使某人苦恼的是……;做某事使人苦恼 can’t be bothered to do sth 不想花时间或精力做某事
句子语法填空
①It really bothered me 　　　　 he’d forgotten my birthday.
②He didn’t want to bother her 　　　　 these problems when she was on holiday.
③Most of the papers didn’t even bother　　　　(report) it.
答案:①that　②with/about　③to report/reporting
9.adjust vt.调整;调节
vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯
adjustment n.调整;调节
adjustable adj.可调整的;可调节的
When giving lectures,please adjust your language to the age of your audience.
作演讲时,请根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。
It took a few minutes for me to adjust to the dim lights.
我花了几分钟才适应了昏暗的灯光。
归纳拓展 ·adjust...to...调整……以适应…… adjust to (doing) sth 适应/习惯(做)某事 adjust oneself to... 使自己适应…… ·make adjustments/an adjustment (to...)(to是介词) (对……)作出调整
(1)句子语法填空
①After a few days, Mary adjusted herself to 　　　　 (work) 6 hours a day.
②The bags have 　　　　 (adjust) shoulder straps so that they can fit almost all people.
③I’ve made a few 　　　　 (adjust) to the design to make it more convenient.
(2)完成句子
④航天员必须使自己适应失重状态。
Astronauts have to 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the weightless conditions.
答案:(1)①working　②adjustable　③adjustments
(2)④adjust themselves to
1.have sth done结构,意为“使……被……”。
I had my watch repaired yesterday.
我昨天让人把我的表维修了。
I’ll have these jobs done by 4 o’clock.
我4点之前就可以把这些工作做完。
It’s important to have your eyes examined regularly.
定期检查眼睛是非常重要的。
　　使役动词have意为“使……;让……”。常用结构如下:
①have sb/sth doing表示 “让……不停地做 (某事处于某种状态)”;若用于否定句中,have表示“容忍;容许”。
②have sth done表示“请某人做某事”或“遭遇到某事”(宾语与宾语补足语为被动关系)。
③have sb do表示 “让某人做……”(指一定的具体的动作),其中do前面不能带to。
　　另外,have还可以表示“有”,常用于have sth to do结构,意为“有某事要做”,动词不定式作定语,主动表被动。
完成句子
①汤姆的车出故障了,因此他打算把车修好。
Tom’s car has broken down, so he is going to 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②史密斯医生让护士给病人量体温。
Dr Smith 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the patient’s temperature.
③让机器一直运转不是一个好主意。
It is not a good idea to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 all the time.
④我有如此多的工作要做,以至于我没有时间约会。
I　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that I have no time for a date.
答案:①have it fixed　②had the nurse take
③have the machine running　④have so much work to do
2.while引导让步状语从句
While the work was difficult, it was interesting.
虽然工作有难度,但很有趣。
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.
虽然我理解你的意思,但我还是不同意(你的观点)。
(1)完成句子
①她喜欢一边做家务,一边听音乐。
She likes to listen to music 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②在伦敦时,他学习音乐和绘画。
　　　　　　　　　　　　, he studied music and painting.
③尽管我愿意帮忙,但是我没有多少时间。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I do not have much time available.
(2)翻译句子
④汤姆性格外向,非常自信,而他的妹妹却羞涩文静。
答案:(1)①while (she is) doing the housework　②While (he was) in London　③While I am willing to help　(2)④Tom is very outgoing and confident while his younger sister is shy and quiet.
[教师备用]
However,①if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping,then I can infer ②that there are deeper issues at work.
但是,要是学生懒得梳头,两眼还因哭泣而发红,那么我能够推断出她遇到了更严重的问题。
分析:这是一个主从复合句,句中①为if引导的条件状语从句,其中含有and连接的两个并列分句;②为that引导的宾语从句。
①然而,如果他能意识到自己的错误并且积极改正的话,那么我敢肯定,他一定能成为一名优秀的学生。
②然而,如果他能设定目标,并积极采取行动,那么我相信他一定会实现他的目标。
答案:①However,if he can realise his mistakes and be active in correcting them,then I can bet that he will become an outstanding student.　②However,if he can set a goal and take action actively,then I am convinced that he is sure to achieve his goal.
面部神情、动作描写
1.stare at sb in surprise 惊奇地盯着某人
2.grin from ear to ear 咧着嘴笑
3.look confused 一脸茫然
4.wink at sb secretly 偷偷地向某人眨眼睛
5.throw one’s arms around sb 伸出双臂搂住某人
6.bite one’s lip nervously紧张地咬嘴唇
7.wear a frown皱着眉头
8.a slight flush on one’s cheeks双颊泛起轻微的红晕
9.tears stream down from cheeks 泪水顺着脸颊流下
10.eyes are red from weeping 眼睛因哭泣而发红
11.gaze at the surroundings with large,innocent eyes 用天真的大眼睛注视着周围
1.She laughed,her eyes shining/sparkling/glowing with excitement.
她笑了,眼睛因兴奋而光彩熠熠。
2.He stood there with face pale and his mouth wide open.
他站在那里,脸色苍白,嘴巴张得大大的。
3.The boy grinned from ear to ear when I gave him the present.
我给这个男孩礼物时,他咧着嘴笑了。
4.The smile faded from his lips,and his face turned pale.
他嘴角的笑容消失了,脸色变得苍白。
5.A bright smile appeared on his face.
他的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。
1.她害羞地接过奖杯,双颊泛起轻微的红晕。
2.他一脸茫然,想要去寻找那声音的源头。
3.母亲伸出双臂搂住双胞胎,紧紧地拥抱着他们,感动的眼泪从脸颊上流下来。
答案:1.She shyly accepted the trophy with a slight flush on her cheeks.
2.He looked confused, wanting to find the source of the sound.
3.Mother threw her arms around the twins and hugged them tightly,with moved tears streaming down from cheeks.

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