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Section B How should we stay safe
重点词汇及常见搭配
[Vocabulary from Primary School]
1.衬衫(n.) shirt
2.司机(n.) driver
[Vocabulary in Unit 2]
1.着火(短语) catch fire
2.他(或她、它)们自己(pron.) themselves
3.油炸;油煎;油炒(v.) fry
4.接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开(短语) turn on
5.厨房灶具;炉子(n.) stove
6.快乐地;高兴地(adv.) happily
7.不可能;没门(短语) no way
8.燃烧;着火(v.) burn
9.着火;起火(短语) on fire
10.火焰(n.) flame
11.惊恐;恐慌(n.) panic
12.向;朝(prep.) onto
13.猛动身体(部位);扔;抛(v.) throw
14. (使)翻滚;滚动(v.) roll
15.快的;迅速的(adj.)迅速地;快速地(adv.) quick
16.即将;正要(做某事),(短语) be about to
17.突然停住(短语) stop short
18.帮助;援助(n.&v.) aid
19.急救(短语) first aid
20.安全;安全处所(n.) safety
21.灭火器(n.) extinguisher
22.上馆子吃饭;在外用餐(短语) eat out
23.在今晚(adv.)今夜;今晚(n.) tonight
24.伤心地;令人遗憾(adv.) sadly
25.烟(n.)吸烟;冒烟(v.) smoke
26.不幸地;可惜地(adv.) unfortunately
27.幸运地(adv.) luckily
28.严重地(adv.) badly
29.伤害;损害(n.&v.) harm
30.药丸;药片(n.) pill
31. (身体部位)疼痛的;令人痛苦的(adj.) painful
32.平躺;平放(v.) lie
33.平躺;平卧(短语) lie down
34.有害的(adj.) harmful
35.碰撞;击;打(v.)打;击;击中(n.) hit
36.震惊；令人震惊的事(n.)使震惊；使惊愕(v.) shock
37.流血;出血(v.) bleed
38.检查;查明(v.)检查;调查(n.) check
39.疼痛的;憋气的;紧的;牢固的(adj.) tight
40.花生(n.) peanut
41.紧张不安地(adv.) nervously
42.过敏的(adj.) allergic
43.从现在起(短语) from now on
词汇拓展
1. happily(adv.)快乐地;高兴地→happy(adj.)快乐的;高兴的→unhappily(反义词)(adv.)不快乐地;不高兴地→happiness(n.)快乐;高兴
2. safety(n.)安全;安全处所→safe(adj.)安全的
3. sadly(adv.)伤心地;令人遗憾→sad(adj.)伤心的;令人遗憾的→sadness(n.)伤心;遗憾
4. harm(n.&v.)伤害;损害→harmful(adj.)有害的→harmless(adj.)无害的;不致伤的
5. lie(v.)平躺;平放→lay(过去式)→lain(过去分词)
重点短语
1.停止谈论 stop talking
2.闻到焦味 smell something burning
3.恐慌中 in a panic
4.离……近 be close to…
5.把火扑灭 put out the fire
6.使某人安全不受伤害 keep sb safe from harm
7.对花生过敏 be allergic to peanuts
8.感到不适 feel sick
9.处理;处置 deal with
重点句型
Section B(1a—1e)
1.但是他离平底锅太近了以至于火苗蹿到了他的衬衫上。
But he was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt.
2.他在地上打滚灭了火，但平底锅还在燃烧。
He put out the fire by rolling on the ground, but the pan was still burning.
Section B(Vocabulary in Use 2a—2c)
1.如果你受伤了，你就得休息一段时间。
If you get an injury, you' ll have to rest for some time.
2.不要躺得太久因为它可能会对背部造成伤害。
Don't lie down for too long as it could make your back feel harmful.
3.下次过马路时，我不会再看手机。
I' ll avoid looking at my phone while crossing the road next time.
Section B(3a——— Reflecting)
1.从现在起，我会更好地照顾自己……
I' ll take better care of myself from now on...
2.健康并非一切，但没有健康，你便一无所有。
Health is not everything, but you have nothing without it.
语言知识点
Section B(1a—1e)
1. Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken.他打开炉子,让油加热，同时准备鸡肉。
关于 turn的常用英语短语有很多，下面是一些常见的与 turn相关的短语：
turn off关掉(电流、煤气、水等)；拐弯
turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等)；使感兴趣
turn up 调高(音量、温度等);出现;找到
turn down 调低(音量、温度等);拒绝
turn over 翻转;认真思考
turn back(使)原路返回,往回走
turn around(使)翻身,转身;好转
turn in上交；上床睡觉；告发
turn out 结果是;生产;驱逐
turn left/ right 向左转/向右转
turn against 反对;背叛
turn into 变成
turn away 拒绝……进入
in turn轮流;依次
2. He put out the fire by rolling on the ground, but the pan was still burning.
他在地上打滚灭了火，但平底锅还在燃烧。
与 put 相关的短语:
put away将……收起;积蓄
put down 记下;平息;放下;镇压
put out 熄灭;出版;公布
put off 推迟;延迟
put up with(= stand/ bear)忍受
put on穿上;戴上;上演;增加(体重)
put up 举起;建造;张贴;为……提供食宿
3. If you get an injury, you' ll have to rest for sometime.如果你受伤了，你就得休息一段时间。
词语 含义 例句
some time 一段时间，指“较长的一段时间” It took him some timeto solve this difficultmaths problem. 他花了一些时间才解出这道数学难题。
sometime 某个时间，指“将来或过去的某个不确定的时间” Let's meet sometimenext month. 我们下个月找个时间见面吧。
sometimes 有 时，表示“偶尔发生”，频率副词 I sometimes go joggingin the morning. 我有时早上会去慢跑。
Section B(Vocabulary in Use 2a—2c)
1. Don't lie down for too long as it could make yourback feel harmful.不要躺得太久因为它可能会对背部造成伤害。
(1) lie作动词,意为“躺;平躺”。 lie down 意为“躺下”。
(2)lie的不同含义及词形变化：
lie 词性 词义 现在分词 过去式 过去分词
动词 躺；平躺 lying lay lain
说谎 lying lied lied
名词 谎言 复数: lies 常见短语: tell a lie/ lies 说谎
My brother lay on the bed and read.
我的弟弟躺在床上看书。
I am lying on the sofa and listening to music.
我正躺在沙发上听音乐。
His parents were angry because he told lies tothem.他的父母生气了，因为他对他们说谎了。
2. Allen was about to do so when he stopped short.
Allen正要这么做，突然停了下来。
(1) be about to do 表示即将发生的动作(时间上指最近的将来)，且句中不能加时间状语。
(2)be to do 表示“事先商定、安排或计划”或表示“义务、责任或命令”。例如：
The students are to meet at the school gatetomorrow.学生们计划明天在校门口集合。
* Reading Plus
重点词汇
1.防御;保卫(n.) defence
2.控制(v.) control
3.胳肢;(使)发痒(v.) tickle
4.舌头(n.) tongue
5.肌肉(n.) muscle
6.胸部;胸膛(n.) chest
7.爆炸;一股;一阵(n.)爆破(v.) blast
8.开花;变得健康(或快活、自信)(v.) bloom
9.传播,蔓延(v.&n.) spread
词汇拓展
1. defence(n.)防御;保卫→defend(v.)防御;保卫
2. spread(v.)传播,蔓延→spread(过去式)→spread(过去分词)
重点短语
1.第一道防线 the first defence
2.进入某人的身体 enter one's body
3.停留在空气中 stay in the air
4.不要在别人面前打喷嚏 avoid sneezing in front ofothers
5.纸巾 tissue paper
重点句型
1.事实上，它是人体抵御通过空气进入体内的任何物质的第一道防线。
In fact, it is the body's first defence against anything that tries to enter your body through the air.
2.如果有什么东西开始刺激我们的鼻腔内部，我们的大脑就会接管控制。
If something starts tickling the inside of our nose, our brain takes over.
3.接下来，我们肺部和鼻腔会突然喷出一股气流。
Next, there is a sudden blast of air coming out of our lungs and then our nose.
语言知识点
1. Millions of germs from one sneeze can travel up toabout 8 metres at a speed of 160 kilometres perhour.一个喷嚏可喷出数百万个细菌，这些细菌能以每小时160千米的速度传播约8米远。
(1) millions of 意为“成千上万”,类似词组:
lots of 许多
thousands of 成千上万
tons of 许多
(2) at a speed of 意为“以……速度”。例如:
He drove at a speed of sixty miles per hour.
他以每小时60英里的速度驾驶。
类似词组 at a price of,意为“以……价格”。
例如：
You can buy this book at a price of $10.
你可以以10美元的价格购买这本书。
2. Sneezing helps your body protect itself, but doing this can help you protect everyone else.
打喷嚏有助于你的身体自我保护，但这样做也能帮助你保护他人。
(1) itself 是 it 的反身代词。例如:
The machine will start by itself in a few seconds.机器将在几秒钟后自动启动。
(2) doing this中的 this 指代 sneezing,避免语言重复。例如：
We believe that she could not go through thatdistance in a quarter of an hour, but shesucceeded in doing this.我们认为她不能在一刻钟内走完那段距离，但她成功地做到了。(this指代前面的一刻钟内走完那段距离)

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