资源简介

Section B What can we do to prepare for the worst
重点词汇及常见搭配
[Vocabulary from Primary School]
1. 警察部门;警方(n.) police
2. 睡醒(v.) wake
[Vocabulary in Unit 5]
1. 最坏(的);最糟(的)(adj.& adv.) worst
2. (学校的)女生(n.) schoolgirl
3. 泡;泡沫(n.) froth
4. 拒绝;退却(v.) refuse
5. 安全;保安;保障(n.) security
6. 卫兵;保卫(n.)保卫(v.) guard
7. 保安人员(短语) security guard
8. 附近的(adj.)在附近(adv.) nearby
9. 尖叫(v.) scream
10. 幸亏;感激地(adv.) thankfully
11. 知识;学问(n.) knowledge
12. 思考;想法(n.) thinking
13. 除……之外(短语) except for
14. 一……就……(短语) as soon as
15. 英雄;男主角;偶像(n.)(pl. heroes) hero
16. (山坡或悬崖的)滑坡;塌方(n.) landslide
17. 保护;捍卫(v.)安全设施(n.) safeguard
18. 洪水(n.) floodwater
19. 劳动力;人力(n.) manpower
20. 心跳(声)(n.) heartbeat
21. 救援(n.)援救;营救(v.) rescue
22. 热浪(n.) heatwave
23. 自……以后;从……以来(prep.,adv.& conj.)既然;由于(conj.) since
24. 西南的;西南方向的(adj.) southwestern
25. 消防队员(n.) firefighter
26.志愿者；自告奋勇者(n.)自愿做；义务做(v.) volunteer
27. 非常糟地;非常(adv.) terribly
28. 警报(器);惊恐(n.) alarm
29. 闹钟(短语) alarm clock
30. 醒来(短语) wake up
31.(警报器等)突然发出巨响(短语)go off
32. 复习;回顾;复查(v.)回顾;审查(n.) review
33. 突然的;骤然的(adj.) sudden
34. 突然;猛地(短语) all of a sudden
35. 雷;雷声(n.)打雷;发出雷鸣般响声(v.) thunder
36. 到……的时候(短语) by the time
37. 通常的;寻常的(adj.) usual
38. 上气不接下气(短语) out of breath
39. 暴风雨(n.) rainstorm
40. 因此(短语) as a result
41. 不幸的;不顺利的;不吉利的(adj.) unlucky
42. 阴雨的;多雨的(adj.) rainy
43. 出现问题;发生故障;搞错(短语) go wrong
词汇拓展
1. refuse(v.)拒绝;退却→refusal(n.)拒绝;回绝
2. thankfully(adv.)幸亏;感激地→thankfulness(n.)感谢；谢意；感激
3. thinking(n.)思考;想法→thought(n.)想法;思考;思维→thoughtful(adj.)深思的;周到的
4. knowledge(n.)知识;学问→knowledgeable(adj.)知识渊博的；有见识的
5. volunteer(n.)志愿者;自告奋勇者(v.)自愿做;义务做→volunteering(n.)志愿服务→voluntary(adj.)自愿的;志愿的
重点短语
1.正在那时 just then
2.拒绝去做某事 refuse to do sth
3.更进一步 take a single step further
4.其余 the rest of
5.回到…… return to…
6.立即行动 jump into action
重点句型
Section B(1a——1e)
1.当人们看到一堵巨大的水墙从海里流出来时，他们尖叫着尽可能快地奔跑。
People were screaming and running as fast as they could when they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea.
2.这个真实的故事表明，一节课可能意味着生与死的区别。
This true story shows how a single lesson could mean the difference between life and death.
Section B(Vocabulary in Use 2a—2c)
1.救援人员需要更多的人力来清理街道。
The rescue workers need more manpower to clear the streets.
2.人们应该避免在暴风雪期间开车，因为在路上很难看清。
People should avoid driving during a snowstorm because it can be very difficult to see clearly on the roads.
3.到八月底，他们设法扑灭了所有的火。
By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires.
Section B(3a—— Reflecting)
1.首先，我的闹钟没有响，所以我起床晚了，不得不冲向公交车站。
First, my alarm clock didn't go off, so I woke up late and had to rush to the bus stop.
2.公共汽车来的时候，我又冷又湿。
By the time the bus came, I was cold and wet.
语言知识点
Section B(1a——1e)
1. But while Tilly was walking along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange.
但是，当蒂莉和家人沿着海滩散步时，她注意到了一些奇怪的事情。
这是一个复合句，主句使用一般过去时(shenoticed something strange);从句使用 while 引导过去进行时(while Tilly was walking along thebeach with her family),表示过去某个时间段正在持续进行的动作，即散步，是主句的具体时间背景。while意为“当……的时候”，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。
2. People were screaming and running as fast as theycould when they saw a huge wall of water comingfrom the sea.当人们看到一堵巨大的水墙从海里流出来时，他们尖叫着尽可能快地奔跑。
(1)句子类型为复合句(主句+时间状语从句)。主句使用过去进行时(were screaming andrunning)，表示过去某个时刻正在持续进行的动作。时间状语从句由 when引导，使用一般过去时表示瞬间完成的动作。
(2) as fast as they could是方式状语,修饰 running。
(3) coming from the sea 是现在分词短语作宾语补足语,补充说明 saw 的宾语 a huge wall ofwater的动作。
3. Her mother was one of the last people on thebeach, but thankfully, her family made it tosafety just as the water hit the hotel.她的母亲是海滩上最后一批人之一，但幸运的是，就在洪水袭击酒店时，她的家人赶到了安全地带。
(1)这是一个并列复合句，由连词 but连接两个分句，连词 but表示转折。
(2) thankfully 是评注性状语,表达说话者的情感。
(3)第二个分句包含时间状语从句。主语为 herfamily,谓语动词 made it是一个习语,意为“成功做到;抵达”, to safety 是状语,时间状语为 just asthe water hit the hotel, just as 意为“就在……时”，强调动作发生的精确同步性。
4. This true story shows how a single lesson could mean the difference between life and death.
这个真实的故事表明，一节课可能意味着生与死的区别。
这是一个复合句(主句+宾语从句)。主句为This true story shows, how 引导宾语从句,表示“方式或程度”，此处更侧重揭示内容、事实。宾语从句是“主谓宾”结构，其中宾语是 thedifference between life and death,其中 betweenlife and death 作后置定语修饰 difference。
Section B(Vocabulary in Use 2a——2c)
1. People should avoid driving during a snowstorm because it can be very difficult to see clearly on the roads.人们应该避免在暴风雪期间开车，因为在路上很难看清。
本句是由主句 People should avoid drivingduring a snowstorm 和 because 引导的原因状语从句构成的复合句。原因状语从句中，it为形式主语,指代后面的真正主语 to see clearly on theroads。
2. They put out the fires, brought more than 1,500people to safety, and warned others to stay away fromdangerous areas.他们扑灭了大火,将1500多人带到安全地带，并警告其他人远离危险区域。
本句主语为 They，谓语由三个并列的动词短语组成,用逗号和 and 连接,第一个是 put out thefires, put out 意为“扑灭”;第二个是 broughtmore than 1,500 people to safety;第三个是warned others to stay away from dangerousareas,其中宾语是 others,后面的 to stay awayfrom dangerous areas 为宾语补足语。
3. In August 2022, China experienced a great heatwave, the worst since 1961.2022 年 8 月,中国经历了自1961年以来最严重的热浪。
本句主干是“主谓宾”结构, China experienced agreat heatwave。后面的 the worst since 1961为同位语。
Section B(3a—— Reflecting)
1. First, my alarm clock didn't go off, so I woke up late and had to rush to the bus stop.
首先，我的闹钟没有响，所以我起床晚了，不得不冲向公交车站。
这是一个由“主句+结果状语从句”构成的复合句。从句部分由 so 引导,主语为 I,谓语为 and连接的 woke up 和 had to。 had to rush to thebus stop强调时间紧迫。
2. I had a test that morning, so I was reviewing mynotes while I was waiting for my bus.那天早上我有个考试，所以我在等公交车的时候复习笔记。这是一个由“主句+结果状语从句+时间状语从句”构成的复合句。由 so引导结果状语从句的主干，while引导时间状语从句。两个过去进行时(was reviewing 和 was waiting)生动描绘了在“等车”这个持续背景动作下同时进行的“复习”动作。
3. By the time the bus came, I was cold and wet.
公共汽车来的时候，我又冷又湿。
By the time意为“到……时候为止”,强调截止时间点，表示在从句动作(公交车来)发生的那一刻，主语I的状态(was cold and wet)已经完成或存在,表明在等车的过程中遭遇了雨、雪等恶劣天气。
4. I was still worrying about the test when the busdriver said that we would be late.公共汽车司机说我们要迟到时，我还在担心考试。
这是一个由“主句+时间状语从句+宾语从句”构成的复合句。主句主语是 I，谓语动词 wasworrying 使用过去进行时，强调持续。when引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作发生时的另一个动作，that引导宾语从句，使用过去将来时(would be)，表示司机在说话的那个时刻预测的未来结果。
5. When I finally reached my classroom, out ofbreath, my teacher was already waiting at thedoor.当我终于上气不接下气地到达教室时，我的老师已经在门口等着了。
这是一个由“When引导的时间状语从句+插入语+主句”构成的复合句。 When I finally reached my classroom为时间状语从句,使用一般过去时，表示发生在过去某个时刻；out ofbreath意为“上气不接下气”，是插入语，生动描
绘了“我”到达时的状态；主句的主语是 myteacher,谓语使用过去进行时(was waiting),表明老师等的状态已经持续了一段时间。
* Reading Plus
重点词汇
1.追逐;追赶(v.) chase
2.追逐的人(n.) chaser
3.专业的;职业的(adj.) professional
4.遍及;各处;自始至终(prep.& adv.) throughout
5.拍摄电影(v.) film
6.设备;装备;器材(n.) equipment
7.预测;预报(v.) forecast
8.出乎意料的(adj.) unexpected
9.迅速地;急速地(adv.) rapidly
10.高于;超过(某一数量)(v.) top
11.值得;有价值(adj.) worth
词汇拓展
1. professional(adj.)专业的;职业的 →professionally(adv.)专业地
2. film(v.)拍摄电影→filming(n.)拍摄
3. equipment(n.)设备;装备;器材→ equipped(adj.)配备齐全的
4. forecast(v.)预测;预报→forecast(n.)预测;预报→forecaster(n.)预测者
5. unexpected(adj.)出乎意料的→unexpectedly(adv.)意外地→expectation(n.)期待
6. worth(adj.)值得的;有价值→worthy(adj.)有价值的；值得尊敬的
重点短语
1.准备好了的 be prepared
2.即将做某事 be about to do sth
3.气压 air pressure
4.以一种意想不到的方式 in an unexpected way
5.在……中发挥重要作用 play an important role in...
6.让一切变得值得 make it all worth it
重点句型
1.他经常在风暴发生在仅几千米外时拍摄风暴。
Often, he filmed the storms while they were happening just a few kilometres away.
2.它甚至可以帮助人们了解风力有多强，从而改变我们建造房屋的方式。
It can even help people understand how powerful the winds can be, and as a result, change how we build our houses.
3.它宽4.2千米，风速高达每小时480千米。
It was 4.2 kilometres wide and had winds topping 480 kilometres per hour.
4.龙卷风向他们逼近时，萨马拉斯和他的团队正以最快的速度行驶。
While the tornado was moving towards them,Samaras and his team. were driving as fast as they could.
5.对于像萨马拉斯这样的人来说，这个目标让一切变得值得。
For people like Samaras, that goal makes it all worth it.
语言知识点
1. Often, he filmed the storms while they werehappening just a few kilometres away.他经常在风暴发生在仅几千米外时拍摄风暴。
主句为 he filmed the storms,此处 film为动词,意为“拍摄”,时间状语从句 while they werehappening，强调暴风雨正在进行的动态过程，just a few kilometres away是地点状语。
2. While the tornado was moving towards them,Samaras and his team were driving as fast as theycould.龙卷风向他们逼近时，萨马拉斯和他的团队正以最快的速度行驶。
While引导时间状语从句,主句为 Samaras andhis team were driving。 as fast as they could 是方式状语。

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