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新外研版七下英语 Unit 3-4：核心短语
句式+语法重难点+写作范文全攻略
Unit 3 Food matters
重点短语
a signature dish 招牌菜
fish and chips 炸鱼薯条
a certain food 某种食物
bring back 带回
start with 以…… 开始
do magic 变魔术
wake up to the smell 被气味唤醒
in its own way 以它自己的方式
fall ill 生病；病倒
away from home 远离家园
stay with 同…… 住在一起
add...to... 把…… 加到……
a balanced diet 均衡饮食
in modern times 在现代
come out 出来；出现
junk food 垃圾食品
be high in 富含……
in a positive tone 以积极的语气
such as 例如
think of 考虑到；想到
look almost the same 看起来几乎一样
compare...to... 把…… 比作……
in fact 实际上
核心句式
What do you think is China's signature dish 你认为中国的招牌菜是什么？
I always grow hungry thinking of them! 一想到它们我就饿了！
Each kind of porridge tastes great in its own way. 每一种粥都有自己独特的味道。
And it's better medicine than a pill! 这是比药片更好的药！
The old days still feel so sweet in my heart. 过去的日子在我心中仍然感觉如此甜蜜。
The book suggested people eat different foods. 这本书建议人们吃不同的食物。
We should eat as many fruit and vegetables as possible. 我们应该吃尽可能多的水果和蔬菜。
Eating carrots will give you better eyesight. 吃胡萝卜会让你的视力更好。
What's their relationship with cultures 它们与文化的关系是什么？
The history of foods is never simple. 食物的历史从来都不简单。
Sometimes, totally different cultures have similar dishes. 有时候，完全不同的文化也有相似的菜肴。
When foods cross borders, sweet things can happen. 当食物跨越国界时，甜蜜的事情就会发生。
语法知识：系动词
一、系动词的分类
状态系动词：主要是 be 动词（am, is, are, was, were, been），表主语的状态或身份（例：He is a doctor. 他是一名医生。）。
持续系动词：keep, remain, stay, lie, stand，表状态的持续（例：He always keeps silent at meetings. 他开会时总保持沉默；The weather remains sunny. 天气持续晴朗；The door stands open. 门开着。）。
表象系动词
seem：根据迹象或感觉推断，强调可能性（例：He seems to have changed a lot since last year. 自去年以来，他似乎变了很多。）。
appear：强调外表或表面现象（例：She appears to be very happy. 她看起来很高兴。）。
look：直接描述外观或第一印象（例：You look beautiful in that dress. 你穿那件裙子真好看。）。
感官系动词：look（看起来）、feel（摸起来 / 感觉）、smell（闻起来）、sound（听起来）、taste（尝起来）
look：可构成 “look as if + 从句”（例：It looks as if it's going to rain. 看起来要下雨了。）。
sound：可构成 “sound as if + 从句”（例：It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。）。
feel：后接形容词作表语（例：The silk feels soft. 丝绸摸起来很柔软。）。
taste：可用于 “taste of + 名词”（例：The soup tastes of chicken. 这汤有鸡肉的味道。）。
smell：可用于 “smell of + 名词”（例：The room smells of paint. 房间里有油漆味。）。
变化系动词：become, grow, turn, get, go, come, fall，表主语状态变化
become：适用于各种变化（例：He became a doctor last year. 他去年成为了一名医生。）。
get：多用于口语，后接形容词（例：I'm getting tired now. 我现在变得很累。）。
turn：指直观的变化（颜色、天气、品质等）（例：Her hair was already turning grey. 她的头发已经开始花白了。）。
grow：强调逐渐变化（例：We grow old. 我们渐渐变老。）。
go：多表颜色变化或状况变糟（例：The bread has gone mouldy. 面包已经发霉了。）。
come：多表向好的变化（例：Her wish came true. 她的愿望实现了。）。
fall：后接特定形容词（例：He fell ill last week. 他上周生病了。）。
终止系动词：prove, turn out，表证实、变成（例：The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假；His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。）。
二、系动词的特点
不表示具体动作，连接主语和表语，描述主语的状态、特征或身份。
不能单独作谓语，必须与表语（名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式等）构成谓语。
通常位于主语之后，表语之前。
三、系动词与其他词类的区别
1.与实义动词的区别
功能：系动词连接主语和表语，不表具体动作；实义动词表具体动作或行为，可独立作谓语。
用法：系动词后接表语（形容词、名词等）；实义动词后可接宾语、状语等。
2.与助动词的区别
定义：系动词有一定词义，需与表语构成谓语；助动词仅具语法意义，协助主要动词构成谓语（情态助动词除外无词汇意义）。
用法：系动词表主语的状况、性质；助动词表动作的时间、方式、可能性等。
3.与介词的区别
功能：系动词连接主语和表语；介词表名词、代词与句中其他词的关系。
用法：系动词后接表语（形容词、名词、介词短语等）；介词后接宾语（名词、代词等）。
书面表达
一、写作主题：写一段关于跨境食物的短文
二、主要内容
跨境食物的文化内涵：作为文化桥梁，承载各国文化传统和风俗习惯。
跨境食物的种类和特色：起源、制作工艺、独特风味。
跨境食物的影响：丰富饮食选择、促进国际贸易；带来环境压力、挑战本土农业。
三、范文示例
The Magic of Cross-Border Cuisine: Bringing the World's Flavors to Our Tables
In the heart of our globalized world, cross-border foods have become a delightful part of our everyday lives. Imagine sitting in your cozy home, yet being able to savor the rich taste of an Italian pizza, the delicate flavors of Japanese sushi, or the fiery spices of Indian curry. These foods, which once were exclusive to their homelands, now travel across oceans and borders to reach our plates, thanks to the wonders of international trade and cultural exchange.
Take pizza, for instance. Originating from the picturesque streets of Naples, Italy, this cheesy, tomato-topped delight has captured the hearts and stomachs of people worldwide. Its crispy crust, gooey cheese, and tangy sauce are a perfect combination of flavors that transcends cultural barriers. In my city, there's a quaint little pizzeria that serves authentic Italian pizza, complete with a sprinkle of fresh basil and a drizzle of olive oil. Every bite takes me on a culinary journey to Italy, without ever leaving my hometown.
Then there's sushi, the elegant Japanese dish that has become a global phenomenon. Made with fresh, raw fish, seaweed, and rice, sushi is not just a meal, it's an art form. The precision and skill required to prepare sushi are evident in every bite. When I tried sushi for the first time, I was hesitant. But as I savored the combination of flavors - the sweetness of the rice, the freshness of the fish, and the subtle tang of the soy sauce - I was hooked. Now, sushi is a regular part of my diet, reminding me of the beauty and simplicity of Japanese cuisine.
Cross-border foods don't just satisfy our taste buds; they also bring us closer to different cultures. They allow us to experience the traditions, flavors, and aromas of distant lands, without the need for a passport. By trying these foods, we learn about the ingredients, cooking techniques, and cultural significance behind them. This not only broadens our culinary horizons but also fosters a deeper understanding and appreciation of the world's diverse cultures.
In conclusion, cross-border cuisine is a magical blend of flavors, traditions, and cultures. It brings the world's best dishes to our doorsteps, allowing us to explore and enjoy the culinary wonders of different countries. So, next time you're at a restaurant or cooking at home, why not try a cross-border dish You might just discover a new favorite, and along the way, learn a little more about the world we live in.
四、作文词汇积累
名词：cross-border foods（跨境食物）、cuisine（烹饪，菜肴）、exotic flavors（异国情调的风味）、cooking techniques（烹饪技巧）、dietary habits（饮食习惯）、globalization（全球化）、international trade（国际贸易）、culinary journey（美食之旅）、fusion cuisine（融合菜系）、food culture（饮食文化）、traditional dishes（传统菜肴）、ingredients（食材）、popularity（受欢迎程度）。
动词：import（进口）、export（出口）、savor（品尝）、share（分享）、introduce（引入）、cook（烹饪）、blend（混合）、discover（发现）、try（尝试）、adapt（改编）。
形容词：delicious（美味的）、sweet（甜的）、crunchy（脆的）、savory（咸的）、tangy（酸的）、chewy（有嚼劲的）、exotic（异国的）、unique（独特的）、spicy（辣的）、aromatic（香气扑鼻的）。
五、作文句式积累
表达喜好
I absolutely love...（例：I absolutely love the crispy texture of fried chicken. 我非常喜欢炸鸡酥脆的口感。）。
...is my favorite（例：Pizza with lots of cheese is my favorite. 加很多奶酪的披萨是我的最爱。）。
I'm a big fan of...（例：I'm a big fan of spicy foods, especially Mexican tacos. 我是辣味食物的忠实爱好者，尤其是墨西哥玉米卷。）。
...is amazing/delicious/fantastic!（例：The chocolate cake at that bakery is amazing! 那家面包店的巧克力蛋糕太棒了！）。
I can't get enough of...（例：I can't get enough of Japanese sushi; it's so fresh and tasty. 我吃不够日本寿司，它太新鲜美味了。）。
I'm really into...（例：I'm really into trying new types of cuisine from different countries. 我非常喜欢尝试不同国家的新菜系。）。
表达不满
I'm not really a fan of...（例：I'm not really a fan of seafood; I find it a bit too fishy. 我不太喜欢海鲜，觉得它有点太腥了。）。
...is not my cup of tea.（例：Spicy food is not my cup of tea; I prefer something milder. 辣味食物不是我的菜，我更喜欢清淡一点的。）。
I don't quite like...（例：I don't quite like the taste of bitter vegetables like broccoli. 我不太喜欢西兰花这类苦味蔬菜的味道。）。
...was a bit disappointing.（例：The dessert at that restaurant was a bit disappointing; it wasn't as good as I expected. 那家餐厅的甜点有点令人失望，不如我预期的好。）。
I'm not too keen on...（例：I'm not too keen on foods that are too salty; they make me thirsty. 我不太喜欢太咸的食物，它们会让我口渴。）。
...just doesn't do it for me.（例：Fast food just doesn't do it for me; I prefer home-cooked meals. 快餐对我来说没什么吸引力，我更喜欢家常菜。）。
描述食物特征
颜色：The pizza has a golden-brown crust.（披萨有金黄色的外皮。）；The fruit salad is a vibrant mix of reds, greens, and yellows.（水果沙拉是红色、绿色和黄色的生动混合。）。
形状和质地：The noodles are long and slender.（面条又长又细。）；The cake has a fluffy, airy texture.（蛋糕有蓬松、轻盈的质地。）。
味道：The soup has a rich, savory flavor.（汤有浓郁的美味。）；The dessert is sweet with a hint of vanilla.（甜点很甜，带有一点香草的味道。）。
口感：The steak is tender and juicy.（牛排又嫩又多汁。）；The ice cream is smooth and creamy.（冰淇淋口感顺滑、奶香浓郁。）；The coffee is hot and has a bold, robust taste.（咖啡很热，味道浓郁、强烈。）。
感受：The dish has a perfect balance of flavors.（这道菜的味道平衡得恰到好处。）；Every bite is a delightful combination of textures and tastes.（每一口都是质地和味道的完美结合。）。
六、话题拓展范文（健康饮食）
In today's fast-paced world, where junk food and fast food are easily accessible, it's crucial for us to pay attention to what we eat. Healthy eating is not just about looking good or fitting into our favorite clothes; it's about nourishing our bodies and keeping them strong and disease-free.
Firstly, let's talk about the benefits of a balanced diet. A balanced diet includes a variety of foods from all the different food groups, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, proteins, and dairy. By consuming these foods in the right proportions, we can ensure that our bodies get all the essential nutrients they need to function properly. For instance, fruits and vegetables provide us with vitamins and minerals that help boost our immune system, while proteins like meat, fish, and beans help in the growth and repair of our body tissues.
On the other hand, unhealthy eating habits can lead to serious health problems. Consuming too much junk food and sugary drinks can result in obesity, diabetes, and even heart disease. These conditions not only affect our physical health but also our mental well-being. Therefore, it's important to limit our intake of these foods and opt for healthier alternatives.
So, how can we practice healthy eating One simple way is to plan our meals ahead of time. By preparing our own meals at home, we can control the ingredients and avoid the hidden sugars and unhealthy fats often found in restaurant food. Additionally, we should aim to eat a variety of foods to keep our diet interesting and nutritious. And don't forget to drink plenty of water to stay hydrated!
In conclusion, healthy eating is essential for our overall well-being. It's not just about what we eat, but also how we eat and why we eat. By making informed food choices and adopting healthy eating habits, we can improve our quality of life and enjoy a healthier, happier future.
Unit 4 The art of having fun
重点短语
dull adj. 愚笨的，迟钝的（dull black 漆黑；dull color 暗色；dull sale 滞销）
imagine v. 想象（imagine doing sth. 想象做某事；imagine as... 把…… 当作……）
alone adv. 单独，独自（waiting alone 独自等待；live alone 单独居住）
bored adj. 厌烦的，不感兴趣的；烦闷的（be bored with sb./sth. 对某人 / 某物感到厌烦；be bored with doing sth. 对做某事感到厌烦）
feeling n. 感觉（have a feeling 预感到……，觉得……；good feeling 好感；strong feelings 强烈的感情）
lift v. 抬起；提起；举起（lift up 升起、提起来、高举、飞起；give sb. a lift 给某人搭便车）
funny adj. 使人发笑的，有趣的；滑稽的（a funny joke 一个有趣的笑话）
youthful adj. 年轻的（youthful age 青年期；youthful days 青年时期）
invite v. 邀请（invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事；invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人到某地）
number n. 数目，数量（a number of 许多）
able adj. 有能力做…… 的（be able to do sth. 能够做某事）
importance n. 重要（性）（of great importance 有着重要意义；十分重要；It is important to do sth. 做某事很重要）
detail n. 细节，细微之处（in detail 详细地；detailed reading 精读，细读）
conclusion n. 结论（come to a conclusion 得出结论；in conclusion 总之，最后）
else adv. 另外，其他；别的，另外的（nothing else 没有其他事情；anyone else 其他人；what else 其他的什么）
instruction n. 命令，指示（instruction set 指令组（表），指令系统；classroom instruction 课堂教学；课程设计；work instruction 作业指导；工作指令）
daily adj. 每日，每天（daily life 日常生活；daily newspaper 日报）
while conj. 当…… 时，在…… 时（after a while 过了一会儿；for a while 一段时间；in a while 不久之后）
discussion n. 讨论，谈论，商讨（group discussion 小组讨论；集体讨论；have a discussion 讨论一下，进行讨论；under discussion 正在讨论中；topic for discussion 议题）
unforgettable adj. 难以忘怀的（unforgettable moment 难忘的时刻；unforgettable experience 难忘的经历；unforgettable memory 难忘的记忆）
ever adv. 在任何时候（for ever 永远；ever since 自…… 以后（都），从此以后一直；hardly ever 几乎不）
notice v./n. 看到；听到；感觉到；注意到（take notice 注意；give notice 通知；notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事）
dangerous adj. 危险的，有危害的（dangerous goods 危险物品；dangerous area 危险区域；dangerous situation 危险的处境）
social adj. 社交的（social life 社交生活；social skills 社交技能；social background 社会背景）
sore adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的（sore throat 喉咙痛；sore heart 伤心；sore feet 脚痛）
real adj. 实际存在的，非想象的（real life 真实生活；real love 真爱）
balanced adj. 均衡的（a balanced budget 平衡预算；a balanced diet 均衡饮食）
outside adv. 在室外（outside of 在…… 的外面；超出…… 的范围；inside and outside 内外；里面和外面）
fresh adj. 新鲜的（fresh vegetables/fruits 新鲜的蔬菜 / 水果；fresh air 新鲜的空气；fresh water 淡水）
语法知识：祈使句
一、祈使句的分类
肯定祈使句
第二人称祈使句：以动词原形开头（例：Keep quiet, please! 请保持安静！）。
第三人称祈使句：以 “let” 为引导词（例：Let her do it by herself. 让她自己做。）。
否定祈使句
动词原形前加 “don't” 或 “never”（例：Don't be late. 不要迟到；Never mind. 不要介意。）。
“let” 引导的祈使句后加 “not”（例：Let's not go out and play. 我们不出去玩！）。
二、祈使句的结构
肯定句结构
be + 形容词 / 名词（例：Be quiet for a moment. 请安静一会。）。
实义动词原形 + 其他成分（例：Make your own rules. 给自己制定规划。）。
let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他（例：Let's run to the police station on fourth street. 我们跑去第四大街上的警察局吧。）。
do + 动词原形 + 其他（加强语气）（例：Do sit down. 务必请坐。）。
否定句结构
Don't + 动词原形（例：Don't eat in the classroom. 不要在教室里吃东西。）。
Let's+not + 动词原形（例：Let's not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也不要说。）。
否定副词 never 构成（例：Never judge a person by looks. 绝不能以貌取人。）。
No + 名词 / V-ing 形式（公共场合提示语）（例：No photos! 禁止拍照！；No parking! 禁止停车！）。
三、祈使句的使用注意事项
句中有唤语时，需用逗号隔开，可置于句首或句尾（例：Li Ming, come here. 李明，过来；Come here, Li Ming. 过来，李明。）。
四、祈使句的具体用法
表示命令或请求（例：Go away! 走开！；Please come to my office. 请来我办公室。）。
表示建议或劝告，常加 “please” 使语气委婉（例：Why don't you try it 你为什么不试试看？；Please don't eat too much sugar. 请不要吃太多糖。）。
表示警告或禁止（例：Don't swim here. 不要在这里游泳。）。
表示条件（较少见，更接近条件句）（例：If you want to succeed, you must work hard. 如果你想成功，你必须努力工作。）。
书面表达
一、写作主题：写关于以平衡的方式享受乐趣的短文
二、细分主题
介绍自己最喜欢的休闲娱乐活动。
介绍合理的休闲娱乐活动对自己的影响。
介绍不合理的娱乐活动给生活和学习带来的负面影响。
介绍中学生应如何平衡学习和娱乐活动。
三、策略技巧
明确主题和观点：强调平衡享受乐趣的重要性。
构建清晰的段落结构
引言：简要介绍话题，引出主题。
正文：解释平衡享受乐趣的含义及重要性；给出实践平衡的具体例子；讨论不平衡追求乐趣的后果。
结论：总结全文，重申观点，鼓励实践。
使用丰富的词汇和句型，适当运用修辞手法。
注意时态和语态的正确使用。
四、范文示例
In our busy lives, finding time to enjoy fun is essential. However, it's equally important to enjoy fun in a balanced way. Balance means not only having fun but also making sure it doesn't interfere with our responsibilities and health.
Firstly, enjoying fun in a balanced way means setting aside time for it without neglecting our duties. For example, after finishing my homework and chores, I like to play basketball with my friends. This way, I can relax and have a good time without worrying about my studies or household tasks. Balance also means knowing when to stop. If I play too much basketball, I might get tired and not be able to focus on my studies the next day. So, I always make sure to limit my playtime and get enough rest.
On the other hand, if we don't enjoy fun in a balanced way, it can lead to problems. For instance, spending too much time playing video games can affect our sleep and school performance. Similarly, eating too much junk food for fun can harm our health. Therefore, it's crucial to find a balance between having fun and taking care of ourselves.
In conclusion, enjoying fun in a balanced way is key to a happy and healthy life. By setting aside time for fun activities and knowing when to stop, we can relax and recharge without neglecting our responsibilities. Let's all strive to find that balance and enjoy life to the fullest!
五、作文词汇积累
娱乐活动：take a trip（旅行）、play basketball（打篮球）、go hiking（远足）、do sport（做运动）、read books（读书）、surf the Internet（上网）、listen to the music（听音乐）、play computer games（玩电脑游戏）、jog（慢跑）、play chess（下棋）、watch TV（看电视）、do voluntary work（做义工）、go to the cinema（去看电影）。
活动影响
正面：be good for our physical and mental health（对我们的身心健康有好处）、develop our creativity（培养创造性）、relax the mind（放松心情）、relieve/reduce stress（缓解压力）、strengthen the body（强身健体）、build up willpower（增强意志力）、broaden one's horizons（开阔视野）。
负面：It's a waste of time.（它很浪费时间。）、Too much fun also makes Jack a dull boy!（玩得太多也会让人变傻！）。
建议：keep a balance between study and fun（平衡学习和娱乐）、spend time with your family（和家人共度时光）、enjoy life（享受生活）、have fun（玩得开心）。
六、作文句式积累
开头句
...is my favourite activity for fun because...（例：Reading books is my favourite activity for fun because it can broaden my horizons. 读书是我最喜欢的娱乐活动，因为它能开阔我的眼界。）。
It's of great importance to do sth.（做某事很重要。）。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.（只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。）。
中间句
表达正面影响：It can increase my knowledge of the world and broaden my horizons.（它能增加我对世界的了解，拓宽我的眼界。）；It can make me relaxed and full of energy.（它能让我感到放松、精力充沛。）；It is good to find a way out of boring life by...（通过…… 来摆脱枯燥的生活是很不错的。）；It is beneficial to both our physical and mental health.（它对我们的身心健康都有好处。）。
结尾句
Fun is important in a number of ways. Don't forget to take some time out to have fun and enjoy life!（娱乐在很多方面都很重要。别忘记抽出一些时间去娱乐，享受生活！）。
Work hard and play hard.（努力学习，尽情玩耍。）。
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