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新外研版七下英语 Unit 1-2：核心短语句式+语法重难点+写作范文全攻略
Unit 1 The secrets of happiness
必备重点短语
lead a happy life 过着幸福的生活
by the end of 到…… 结束时
play games with friends 和朋友一起玩游戏
learn from 向…… 学习
make them happy 让他们开心
the key to happiness 幸福的关键因素
put down 放下
keep going over the exciting story 继续重温这个激动人心的故事
in my mind 在我的头脑中
be full of 充满……
at the side of a big town 在一个大城市的边上
to my surprise 让我感到意外的是
become a happy place 变成了一个开心的地方
in fact 实际上
keep love in your heart 把爱放在心里
give your own opinions on the topic 就这个话题给出你自己的观点
play chess with her brother 和她哥哥下棋
the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节，龙舟节
look on the bright side of life 看事物积极的一面
expect good things to happen 期待好事发生
focus on 专注于……
day after day 日复一日
laugh at 嘲笑
cut it short 把它截短
spring from 起源于……
at the end of 在某个时间、事件或过程的结束时
all night long 整夜地，通宵地
核心句式
What's special about the poem 这首诗有什么特别之处？
What do you think makes them happy 你认为什么能让他们开心？
There are so many reasons to be happy. 幸福的理由有很多。
The whole family forgot about their hungry and poor life. 全家人都忘记了饥饿和贫穷的生活。
In winter, the freezing wind swept across the floor all night long. 冬天，寒风整夜刮过地板。
In some people's minds, happiness comes from things like money. 在一些人的心目中，幸福来自于金钱之类的东西。
Other people often believe that bad things will happen. 另一些人则认为坏事会发生。
What do you mean by... 你说…… 是什么意思？
Day after day, hope grew together with his hair. 一天又一天，希望随着他的头发一起生长。
It's time to grow happiness again. 是时候再次种植幸福了。
Happiness springs from doing good and helping others. 幸福来自于做好事和帮助别人。
He took off his hat and his hair fell around his shoulders. 他摘下帽子，头发披散在肩上。
Please cut it short and give me the hair. 请把它剪短，把头发给我。
Zhou Jian carefully put the hair into a bag and walked to the post office. Zhou Jian 小心地把头发放进袋子里，向邮局走去。
Love is the key to happiness. 爱是幸福的钥匙。
It can move us, change us and give us a life full of happiness. 它可以感动我们，改变我们，给我们一个充满幸福的生活。
语法知识：一般过去时的用法
一、基本用法
表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。例：He was ill last night. 昨晚他生病了；Lin Tao left for Shanghai at 8:00 yesterday morning. 林涛昨天早上八点去上海了。
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。例：Li Tao always went to work by bus last term. 上学期李涛一直乘公共汽车上班。
表示已故的人曾经做过的事情。例：Lao She wrote many great works. 老舍写过许多脍炙人口的作品。
表示过去所发生的一系列的动作。例：The old man came into the room, took off his clothes and went to bed. 这位老人走进屋，脱下衣服，然后上床睡觉了。
常见时间状语标志词：yesterday, the day before yesterday（昨天，前天）；last week/year/month/term（上周 / 去年 / 上个月 / 上学期）；two hours ago, three years ago, a moment ago（两小时前 / 三年前 / 刚才）；in/on + 过去的年 / 月 / 日（如 in 1999, on April, 2005）；just now, once upon a time, one day（刚才 / 很久以前 / 有一天）。
二、动词形式
Be 动词：第一、第三人称单数用 was（例：I was in Beijing last year. 我去年在北京。）；第二人称或其他人称复数用 were（例：They were in the classroom a moment ago. 他们刚才在教室里。）。
行为动词：过去式通常在动词原形后加 - ed（例：I wanted to have a rest just now. 我刚才想休息一下。）；不规则变化需特殊记忆（如 do/does-did, go-went, write-wrote, see-saw, begin-began, have/has-had 等）。
三、否定句和疑问句
否定句
Be 动词的否定句：主语 + wasn't/weren't + 其他（例：It wasn't hot yesterday. 昨天不热。）。
行为动词的否定句：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他（例：He didn't go to school yesterday. 他昨天没去上学。）。
一般疑问句
Be 动词的一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？（例：Were you in Beijing last month 你上个月在北京吗？）。
行为动词的一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？（例：Did your mother work in this factory three years ago 你妈妈三年前在这家工厂工作吗？）。
特殊疑问句：结构为 “特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句开头 + 其他”（例：Where were you last night 你昨晚在哪里？）。
四、特殊用法
表示过去经常发生的动作或行为，常与 always、often、usually、sometimes 等副词连用（例：When I was a child, I always played football with my friends. 小时候，我经常和朋友们踢足球。）。
表示过去习惯性的动作或行为，常与 used to 或 would 连用（例：He used to smoke. 他过去常常抽烟；He would go fishing every weekend. 他过去每个周末都去钓鱼。）。
表示与现在事实相反的假设或愿望，用于某些条件句、宾语从句中（例：If I had money, I would buy a car. 如果我有钱，我就会买车；I wish I knew the answer. 我希望我知道答案。）。
与过去完成时连用，表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作或状态（例：By the time I arrived at the party, everyone had already left. 等我到的时候，大家都已经走了。）。
表示虚拟语气，常与情态动词 could、would、should 等连用（例：If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared some food. 如果我知道你要来，我就会准备一些吃的。）。
用于某些固定搭配和表达中（例：I was going to visit my friend last weekend, but I got sick. 我本来打算上周末去看朋友，但我生病了；I wish I had studied harder for the exam. 我真希望考试前能更努力地学习。）。
书面表达
一、写作主题：表达帮助他人之后的快乐
二、写作类型：故事类
三、内容要点：以第一人称叙述，围绕 “发现帮助对象 — 伸出援手 — 收获感激 — 自我成长” 的主线，展现帮助他人带来的内心满足，传递助人为乐的美德。
四、范文示例
One sunny afternoon, Lily was walking home from school when she saw an elderly woman struggling to carry a heavy bag of groceries. The woman looked tired and seemed to be in great difficulty. Lily's heart went out to her, and she immediately decided to help.
"Let me help you with that, grandma," Lily said with a warm smile. The elderly woman looked up, surprised but grateful. She handed the bag to Lily, who took it with ease despite its weight.
As they walked together, the woman shared stories of her younger days and how she used to help others when she was stronger. Lily listened intently, feeling a sense of connection with the woman. She realized that helping others not only made the receiver happy but also brought joy to the giver.
When they reached the woman's home, she thanked Lily profusely. "You're such a kind girl," she said, her eyes twinkling with gratitude. "I hope you always remember that helping others is the best way to find happiness."
Lily smiled and nodded. She felt a warm glow inside her heart. As she walked home, she couldn't help but think about the woman's words. She realized that the simple act of helping had made her feel more connected to the world and had given her a sense of purpose.
That night, Lily shared her experience with her family. They were all proud of her and agreed that helping others was indeed a great way to find joy. Lily went to bed with a happy heart, knowing that she had made someone's day a little brighter and had also found happiness in the process.
From that day on, Lily made a promise to herself to always help others whenever she could. She knew that the joy of helping was the greatest gift she could ever receive.
五、作文词汇积累
常用短语：assist someone in need（在他人需要时给予帮助）、give a hand to someone（向某人伸出援手）、offer help to someone（向某人提供帮助）、come to someone's rescue（救助某人）、support someone financially/emotionally（在经济 / 情感上支持某人）、stand by someone's side（站在某人身边支持他）、the joy of helping others（帮助他人带来的快乐）、offer a helping hand（伸出援手）、be ready to help others（准备好帮助他人）、do someone a good deed（为某人做好事）、lend a helping hand（给予帮助之手）、be supportive and encouraging（给予支持和鼓励）、take pleasure in helping people（乐于助人）、be generous in giving help（慷慨施助）。
核心句型：Helping others makes us happy.（帮助别人使我们快乐）、Helping others can bring us happiness.（帮助别人能给我们带来快乐）、Helping others is the key to true happiness.（帮助他人是获得真正幸福的关键）、The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.（找到自己的最好方式是为他人服务并付出）、Helping someone in need is not only a responsibility but also a privilege.（帮助有需要的人不仅是一种责任，也是一种特权）。
六、作文句式积累
描述个人感受：I feel happy when...（当…… 的时候，我感到幸福）（例：I feel happy when I am with my family. 当我和家人在一起时，我感到幸福。）。
表达幸福来源：The secret of happiness is...（幸福的秘密是……）（例：The secret of happiness is to find joy in the simple things of life. 幸福的秘密是在生活的小事中发现快乐。）；Happiness comes from...（幸福来自于……）（例：Happiness comes from within, not from external possessions. 幸福源于内心，而非外在的财富。）。
祝愿他人幸福：I wish you...（我祝愿你……）（例：I wish you all the happiness in the world. 我祝愿你拥有世间所有的幸福。）；May you be...（愿你……）（例：May you be happy and content for the rest of your life. 愿你余生幸福美满。）。
引用名言或谚语表达幸福：Happiness is...（幸福是……）（例：Happiness is a journey, not a destination. 幸福是一段旅程，而非终点。）；As the saying goes, "..."（俗话说，……）（例：As the saying goes, "He who laughs last laughs best." 俗话说，“笑到最后笑得最好。”）。
使用条件句表达幸福条件：If..., you will be happy.（如果…… 你就会幸福。）（例：If you cherish what you have, you will be happy. 如果你珍惜所拥有的，你就会幸福。）。
表达幸福重要性：Happiness is essential to...（幸福对…… 至关重要。）（例：Happiness is essential to a fulfilling life. 幸福对充实的人生至关重要。）。
Unit 2 Go for it!
必备重点短语
the benefits of sports 运动的好处
finishing line 终点线
make a poster of a sports moment 为某个体育时刻制作一张海报
fall behind 落后
hold their breath 屏住呼吸
make it 成功或达到目标
on the way 在路上
take a rest 休息一下
cross the finishing line 通过终点线
because of 因为，由于
take part in 参加
relate to 与…… 有关
give up 放弃
two years after that 两年后
win a top surfing competition 赢得一次顶级冲浪比赛
compare with 与…… 相比
at least 至少
break his own record 打破自己的记录
carry out 执行，实施
even worse 更糟的是
pay no attention to 忽视某事或某人
lose heart 失去信心
score three goals 进三球
rise to every challenge 迎接每一个挑战
thanks to 由于；因为
search for 寻找
take a group vote 进行小组投票
decide on 决定，选择
be good for 有益于
核心句式
How do sporting spirits inspire people 体育精神如何激励人们？
What sport do you like best 你最喜欢什么运动？
What is amazing about the old man 这位老人有什么了不起的地方？
Either choice seemed fine for someone at his age. 对他这个年纪的人来说，这两种选择都不错。
With people cheering, he finally crossed the finishing line! 在人们的欢呼声中，他终于冲过了终点线！
None of his family members worried or tried to stop him. 他的家人都没有担心或试图阻止他。
But it didn't matter to him. 但这对他来说并不重要。
If possible, I will keep running. 如果可能的话，我会继续跑步。
But when she was 13, a shark attacked her. 但当她 13 岁时，一条鲨鱼袭击了她。
She worked hard to ride the waves of her dream. 她努力工作以驾驭她梦想的波涛。
Do you think it's good for your health 你认为它对你的健康有好处吗？
The amazing victory led people to look back at the team's early days. 这场惊人的胜利让人们回顾了这支球队早期的日子。
They took every chance to learn and improve. 他们抓住每一个学习和提高的机会。
People wondered about the key to their success. 人们想知道他们成功的关键是什么。
Known as the Steel Roses of China, the team is close to many people's hearts. 这支被称为 “中国铿锵玫瑰” 的球队，与许多人的心息息相关。
But they will rise to every challenge, thanks to their shining spirits. 但由于他们闪耀的精神，他们将迎接每一个挑战。
Winning is not everything. 胜利不是一切。
语法知识
一、表示 “继续做” 的常用短语
continue to do sth.：强调动作的持续或重复，每次可能是新的开始（例：I'll continue to work on this project until it's finished. 我会继续做这个项目直到完成。）。
continue doing sth.：强调持续不断地做同一件事，中间无间断（例：After taking a short break, she continued doing her homework. 短暂休息后，她继续做作业。）。
keep doing sth.：强调动作的持续性和不间断性（例：He kept studying English every day. 他每天都坚持学习英语。）。
keep on doing sth.：与 keep doing sth. 意思相近，有时可互换，更强调坚持或努力（例：Keep on trying, and you'll eventually succeed. 继续努力，你最终会成功的。）。
go on doing sth.：描述短暂中断后恢复原来的活动（例：After having a break, we went on with our lessons. 休息后，我们继续上课。）。
push on with sth.：强调遇到困难或挑战时继续努力（例：At the same time, we hope to push on with our development plans. 同时，我们希望继续推进我们的发展计划。）。
carry on doing sth.：用于更正式的场合或书面语（例：The team decided to carry on with their training despite the bad weather. 尽管天气恶劣，团队还是决定继续训练。）。
二、英语中的不定代词
分类及用法
some, something, somebody, someone：用于肯定句，表 “一些 / 若干”；疑问句中表建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答（例：I have some work to do today. 今天我有些事情要做。）。
any, anything, anybody, anyone：常用于否定句、疑问句、条件句，表 “一个 / 若干”；肯定句中表 “任何一个”（例：Did you see anybody/anyone there 你在那儿看到什么人了吗？）。
no, nothing, nobody, no one：表否定含义，“没有 / 没有人 / 物”（例：There is nobody in the school. 学校里面没有人。）。
every, everything, everybody, everyone：表 “每一个 / 全部”，强调整体或个体（例：Everyone should be responsible for their own actions. 每个人都应该对自己的行为负责。）。
few, a few, little, a little：few/little 表 “很少，几乎没有”（否定），a few/a little 表 “有一些”（肯定）；few/a few 修饰可数名词，little/a little 修饰不可数名词。
other (s), another：表 “另外的 / 另一个”（例：I have another book to read. 我还有另一本书要读。）。
none, either, neither：none 表 “三者及以上都不”，either 表 “两者中任何一个”，neither 表 “两者都不”（例：Neither of the two answers is correct. 两个答案都不正确。）。
all, both：all 表 “三者及以上全部”，both 表 “两者都”（例：All of us are here. 我们都在这里。）。
其他：many（修饰可数名词，“许多”）、much（修饰不可数名词，“大量”）、each（“每一个”）、a lot of/lots of/a lot（“大量的，许多”）。
作用：可作主语、宾语、表语、定语（部分仅作主语、宾语或表语）（例：Both of them are teachers. 作主语；I know nothing about this person. 作宾语；That's nothing. 作表语；You may take either road. 作定语。）。
some 与 any 的用法区别：some 常用于肯定句；any 常用于否定句、疑问句、条件句；表示请求、邀请或征求意见的疑问句用 some；any 在肯定句中表 “任何”（例：He asked some questions. 他问了一些问题；He didn't ask any questions. 他没有问任何问题。）。
形容词修饰不定代词的原则：形容词位于不定代词之后（例：something interesting 有趣的东西、anything wrong 任何错误的事情、nobody famous 没有著名的人）。
三、主谓一致问题
单数形式不定代词（each, another, either, neither, some/any/no/every+one/thing 等）作主语，谓语动词用单数（例：Each of them has a unique talent. 他们每个人都有独特的才能。）；none 作主语，指人 / 可数物且强调数目时，谓语单复数均可，指不可数名词时用单数（例：None of us has a key. 我们中间没有一个人有钥匙。）；one of + 复数名词作主语，谓语用单数（例：One of the students has won the scholarship. 学生中有一个获得了奖学金。）。
复数形式不定代词（both, (a) few, many, several）作主语，谓语用复数（例：Both of them are excellent dancers. 他们两人都是优秀的舞者。）；all 作主语，表人时谓语用复数，表物时用单数（例：All of the students are present. 所有的学生都出席了。）；most/the rest/the last/the remainder of 等结构中，谓语单复数与 of 后名词一致（例：Most of the money has been spent. 大部分钱都已经花掉了。）。
特殊情况：none, neither, either 后接 “of + 复数名词 / 代词” 作主语，谓语单复数均可（例：None of the questions are easy enough for us. 这些问题对我们来说没有一个是容易的。）；百分数、分数作主语，谓语与修饰的名词一致（例：Fifty percent of the students in our school are girls. 我们学校 50% 的学生是女生。）；a number of + 可数名词复数，谓语用复数；the number of + 可数名词，谓语用单数（例：A number of students have signed up for the course. 许多学生已经报名参加了这门课程。）。
书面表达
一、写作主题：介绍一支运动队伍
二、内容解读：围绕队伍的基本情况、成员风采、训练日常、比赛经历、团队精神展开，传递体育精神与团队合作的重要性。
三、写作要点
开头引入：介绍队伍名称、所属机构及个人感受。
队伍基本情况：队员人数、成立时间、历史成绩等。
队员特点与风采：关键队员的个人特点、擅长技能、成就。
训练与团队精神：日常训练情况、队员间的配合与支持。
比赛经历与成就：重要比赛、突出表现、关键时刻。
四、结尾总结：表达喜爱与赞赏，展望未来。
四、范文示例
My Favorite Sports Team
My favorite sports team is the school basketball team. They are a group of talented and hardworking players who always give their best on the court. The team is made up of ten members, each with their own unique skills and strengths.
The captain of the team, Li Ming, is an excellent leader. He is not only skilled in shooting and dribbling, but also knows how to motivate his teammates. Under his leadership, the team has won many matches and become one of the best basketball teams in our school.
Apart from Li Ming, there are other outstanding players in the team. Wang Lei is known for his quick reflexes and accurate shooting. He can score many points in a short time, which often helps the team turn the tide of the game. Another player, Zhang Hua, is good at defense. His solid defense often frustrates the opponents and helps the team keep the lead.
The team trains hard every day, practicing their skills and strategies. They work together as a team, supporting each other and striving for excellence. Their teamwork and spirit of unity are what make them stand out from other teams.
I am proud of our school basketball team. They not only play well on the court, but also set a good example for us. They show us the importance of teamwork, hard work, and perseverance. I believe they will continue to achieve great success in the future.
五、作文词汇积累
名词：team（队伍）、squad（运动队）、coach（教练）、player（运动员）、captain（队长）、audience（观众）、spectators（观众）、fans（粉丝；爱好者）、home team（主队）、guest team（客队）、home court（主场）、teamwork（团队合作）、starting line-up（首发阵容）、team spirit（团队精神）、all-star team（全明星队）、team building（团队建设）、bench player（替补队员）。
动词：compete（与…… 竞争）、join the team（加入队伍）、qualify for the team（获得加入队伍的资格）、win/lose a match/game（赢得 / 输掉比赛）、serve as the head coach of the team（担任队伍的主教练）、be on the team（是某体育队伍的一员）、score a goal/point（得分）、choose players（挑选选手）、train for the team（为队伍训练）。
形容词：competitive（竞争激烈的）、strategic（战略性的）、determined（坚定的）、united（团结的）、resilient（坚韧不拔的）、full of fighting spirit（充满斗志的）、well-trained（训练有素的）、agile（灵活的）、known for their speed and agility（以速度和敏捷著称的）。
六、话题拓展范文
To be a good football player, you need to practice hard and often. Dribbling, shooting, and passing skills all need regular work. Stay fit by eating well, sleeping enough, and exercising. Football is a team sport, so communicate well with your teammates and support each other. Study the game to understand strategies and tactics. Lastly, keep a positive attitude, even when things get tough. With hard work and determination, you can become a great football player.
Playing basketball is more than just a hobby for me; it's a passion that enriches my life in countless ways. Every Saturday morning, I join my friends at the local court, and we spend hours shooting hoops, practicing drills, and playing friendly games. Through basketball, I've not only improved my physical fitness but also learned valuable lessons about teamwork, perseverance, and the art of never giving up. There's nothing quite like the thrill of sinking a basket or the satisfaction of a well-executed pass. Moreover, basketball has helped me make new friends and develop a sense of belonging.
It's a sport that teaches us to strive for excellence while supporting each other. Whether I'm on the court or off, the principles I've learned from basketball always guide me.
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