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/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版
（新教材）专题14 阅读理解（多小题）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
David is a student who once struggled with English. His biggest problem was that he was afraid of making mistakes. In class, he never raised his hand. He just copied down what the teacher wrote on the blackboard without really understanding it. His English score was always the lowest in his class, which made him feel ashamed.
One day, his English teacher, Mr. Li, had a talk with him after class. Mr. Li said, “Mistakes are not your enemies. They are your teachers. Every mistake shows you an area where you need to improve.” He encouraged David to speak up without fear.
David decided to change. He started by setting a small goal: to ask or answer one question in each English class. At first, his voice was shaky (颤抖的), and sometimes he gave wrong answers. But Mr. Li always smiled and said, “Good! Try!” Gradually (渐渐地), David became braver. He also began to practice English with his classmates after school. They watched English cartoons together and tried to describe what they saw.
Months later, David’s progress was clear. He could understand most of what the teacher said in class. He even volunteered to give a short English speech at the school art festival. Although he was still not perfect, he was no longer afraid. He learned that the key to learning a language is not avoiding mistakes, but learning from them.
1．What was David’s biggest problem in learning English at first
A．He couldn’t remember the words. B．He was afraid of making mistakes.
C．He wasn’t interested in English. D．He was weak in listening skills.
2．Why did David decide to change
A．He knew the importance of learning English.
B．He thought mistakes are enemies of learning.
C．His teacher encouraged him to speak up without fear.
D．He succeeded in his final English examination.
3．What was David’s first small goal
A．To get the encouragement from his teacher.
B．To finish the English homework on time every day.
C．To watch English cartoons and sing English songs.
D．To ask or answer one question in each English class.
4．What happened to David months later
A．He made great progress finally. B．He was perfect in learning English.
C．He gave up learning English. D．He loved raising his hand in English class.
5．What can we learn from David’s story
A．We should never ask questions in class.
B．Not making mistakes is the only way to success.
C．Watching cartoons is the best way to learn English.
D．Learning from mistakes is important for progress.
English is a global language, but it is not exactly the same everywhere. Two of the most common types are British English and American English. While people from the UK and the USA can understand each other, there are some interesting differences in words, spelling, and even pronunciation.
Vocabulary
Sometimes, British and American people use different words for the same thing. For example, in British English, they go on “holiday”, but in American English, they go on “vacation”. In Britain, you watch a “film”, but in America, you watch a “movie”. If you are in London and want to buy some “biscuits”, you would ask for “cookies” in New York. A British child might play “football”, while an American child plays “soccer”.
Spelling
There are also some small differences in spelling. British English often keeps the older French-style spellings. For instance, British people write “colour”, “favourite”, and “centre”. Americans usually write “color”, “favorite”, and “center”. Another common one: the British spell it “travelling”, while the Americans spell it “traveling”.
Pronunciation
The pronunciation can sound a little different, too. The most famous example is the word “tomato”. A British person might say “/t 'mɑ t /”, with a long “ah” sound, while an American might say “/t 'mert /”, with an “ay” sound. The “r” sound at the end of words is also stronger in American English. For example, in the word “car”, an American will pronounce the “r” sound more clearly.
These differences are mostly small. The grammar is almost the same, and the basic rules of the language are unchanged. The differences are like different accents or favorite foods in two parts of the same big family. Knowing about them can make learning English more fun and help you understand people from different places better.
6．What is the main topic of this passage
A．The history of the English language.
B．The differences between British and American English.
C．How to learn both British English and American English well.
D．Popular English movies and music.
7．According to the passage, if you are in London, what do you call the sweet, crisp (脆的) food you eat for dessert
A．Biscuit. B．Cookie. C．Cake. D．Candy.
8．Which of the following is the American English spelling
A．Colour. B．Centre. C．Favourite. D．Color.
9．Which of the following diagrams best shows the structure of the passage
(① stands for Paragraph 1, ② for Paragraph 2, and so on.)
A．① → ② → ③ → ④ → ⑤
B．①②③ → ④⑤
C．①②③④ → ⑤
D．① → ②③④ → ⑤
10．Why does the author mention the word “tomato”
A．To show that British and American food is different.
B．To give an example of a spelling difference.
C．To give an example of a pronunciation difference.
D．To tell a story about buying vegetables.
Leo felt more and more worried about his English class. Every time he tried to speak, the words just wouldn’t come out. In the last listening test, he couldn’t understand the fast conversations at all. He knew he needed help. Finally, he decided to talk to his English teacher, Mr. Green, after class.
“Mr. Green,” Leo said, his voice quiet. “I think I’m bad at English. I can’t speak well, and the listening is too fast for me. I don’t know what to do.” Mr. Green smiled kindly. “Leo, thank you for telling me this. First, let me tell you something: feeling that something is difficult doesn’t mean you are bad at it. It just means you need a different way to practice.” Mr. Green asked Leo about his study habits. Leo said he usually just did his homework and sometimes remembered new words. “Well, that’s a good start,” Mr. Green said. “But language is for using, not just remembering. It’s like learning to swim. You can’t learn it only from a book; you must get into the water.”
Mr. Green gave Leo two pieces of advice. “First, for listening, don’t start with things that are too hard. Find some simple, slow English stories or songs online. Listen to them for 15 minutes every day. Don’t worry if you don’t understand every word at first. Just try to catch the main idea.” “Second, for speaking, practice talking to yourself! Describe what you are doing in English. For example, say I am opening the door or I am eating an apple. It might feel funny, but it helps your brain think in English. And in class, just try to say one sentence. One sentence is a great start.”
Leo felt a little better. He followed Mr. Green’s advice. He listened to simple English songs every evening. He even started talking to his dog in English! A few weeks later, in an English class, when the teacher asked a question, Leo slowly raised his hand and gave a short answer. It was not perfect, but it was a start. Mr. Green smiled and said, “Well done, Leo!”
Leo learned that asking for help is the first smart step to solving a problem.
11．Why did Leo go to talk to Mr. Green
A．Because he felt worried about his English speaking and listening.
B．Because he got a very high score and wanted to thank the teacher.
C．Because he had a problem with a classmate.
D．Because he wanted to join the English club.
12．What did Mr. Green compare learning a language to
A．Learning to ride a bike. B．Learning to swim.
C．Learning to cook. D．Learning to paint.
13．What was Mr. Green’s first piece of advice for Leo’s listening problem
A．Read more English grammar books.
B．Listen to very fast English news every day.
C．Ask a classmate to read English slowly for him.
D．Listen to simple, slow English materials.
14．How did Mr. Green suggest that Leo improve his speaking
A．By giving long speeches in front of a mirror.
B．By remembering all the new words in the dictionary.
C．By practicing talking to himself.
D．By only speaking with his best friend.
15．What happened a few weeks after Leo followed the advice
A．He answered a question in an English class.
B．He still felt too shy to say anything in class.
C．He won an English speaking competition.
D．He decided to stop learning English.
Long ago in China, there lived a very wise man named Confucius. He was born more than 2,500 years ago. People remember him not as a king or a general, but as a great teacher and thinker. His ideas have influenced China and many other parts of the world for a very long time.
Confucius believed that learning and being a good person were the most important things in life. He said everyone should try to be better. One of his most famous ideas is “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.” This means we should be kind and fair to other people, just as we want them to be kind and fair to us.
He had many students. He did not just teach them facts from books. He taught them how to live a good life, how to be honest, and how to respect their parents and teachers. He said that a good leader should be a good person first, and then people would follow him willingly. His way of teaching was special. He asked questions and let his students think and find the answers themselves. This method encouraged deep thinking.
Confucius’s students later wrote down his teachings in a book called The Analects (Lunyu). This book is like a collection of his words and conversations with his students. For many centuries, it was the most important book for students in China. His thoughts about family, society, and government helped to shape Chinese culture and values.
Today, people all over the world still study his ideas. They are not just old words; they are about how to live wisely and peacefully with others. Confucius’s legacy is not in buildings or money, but in these valuable ideas that continue to teach us.
16．What was Confucius mainly known as
A．A great teacher and thinker. B．A famous general.
C．A great king. D．A rich businessman.
17．What is one of Confucius’s most famous ideas mentioned in the passage
A．Life is short, so enjoy it.
B．Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.
C．Knowledge comes only from books.
D．The strong should rule the weak.
18．How did Confucius teach his students according to the passage
A．He only made them read one book.
B．He asked questions and let them think to find answers.
C．He gave very long lectures and students just listened.
D．He only taught them how to get high scores in tests.
19．The underlined word “legacy” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.
A．the money a person leaves when they die
B．the buildings a person built
C．something important that a person from the past has given to people today
D．the family of a person
20．What is the main idea of this passage
A．Confucius was a poor man who lived a hard life.
B．Confucius’s book The Analects is very difficult to read.
C．Confucius’s ideas are only popular in China now.
D．Confucius was an important teacher whose ideas about life and learning are still important today.
How to Improve English Learning
Many students find English learning difficult. Here are some practical advice from top learners.
First, for vocabulary, don’t just memorize words alone. Copy down the whole sentences with new words in a notebook. Go over them whenever you have free time. This helps you remember words and know how to use them.
Second, for listening, listen to English programs like BBC Learning English. Repeat the parts you can’t understand until you learn them by heart. It’s also helpful to watch English movies without subtitles.
Third, for oral English, practice speaking every day. Speak English with your classmates or join an English corner. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes—mistakes are part of learning.
Finally, keep an English diary. Write down your daily life or ideas in English. This can improve your writing skills and help you review what you’ve learned.
21．What should you do to remember new words better
A．Memorize words alone. B．Copy down sentences with new words.
C．Read words once a day. D．Write words on paper.
22．What can help improve listening skills
A．Watching English movies with subtitles. B．Listening to Chinese programs.
C．Repeating difficult parts of English programs. D．Reading English newspapers.
23．How to practice oral English according to the text
A．Speak English only in class. B．Join an English corner.
C．Be afraid of making mistakes. D．Talk with teachers in Chinese.
24．What is the benefit of keeping an English diary
A．It improves writing skills. B．It helps memorize new words.
C．It practices pronunciation. D．It improves listening skills.
25．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．Mistakes are not important in English learning.
B．You should go over new words only on weekends.
C．Listening to English programs is helpful for listening.
D．You don’t need to practice speaking every day.
How can you become a more efficient learner Many students ask this question. The secret is not just to study longer, but to study smarter. Here are some research-based strategies that can help you improve your learning outcomes significantly.
Firstly, spaced repetition is a powerful technique. Instead of cramming all your study into one long session, spread it out over several shorter sessions. Review the material after one day, then after three days, and again after a week. This helps move information from your short-term memory to your long-term memory.
Secondly, practice retrieval. This means actively trying to recall information without looking at your notes. You can use flashcards or simply close your book and try to summarize what you have learned. Testing yourself in this way is far more effective than passively re-reading textbooks.
Thirdly, make connections between new knowledge and what you already know. This is called elaboration. For example, when you learn a new historical event, try to link it to its causes and effects, or to similar events you already understand. Creating these mental links makes the information more meaningful and easier to remember.
Finally, get enough sleep and exercise. Your brain needs rest to consolidate memories. Physical activity increases blood flow to the brain, which can improve your focus and thinking skills. Remember, a healthy body supports a healthy mind.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
26．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The importance of studying for long hours. B．How to use digital tools for learning.
C．Smart strategies to become a more efficient learner. D．Why students need to take more exams.
27．What does “spaced repetition” mean
A．Studying all subjects in one day. B．Repeating the same sentence many times.
C．Spreading study sessions over time. D．Avoiding reviewing learned material.
28．According to the passage, which is an example of “practice retrieval”
A．Reading a textbook chapter twice. B．Using flashcards to test your memory.
C．Listening to a lecture without taking notes. D．Discussing a topic with a teacher.
29．What is the purpose of “elaboration”
A．To make notes look more beautiful. B．To connect new knowledge with old knowledge.
C．To finish homework more quickly. D．To prepare for physical education class.
30．Why are sleep and exercise important for learning
A．They allow you to spend less time studying. B．They help the brain rest and function better.
C．They make textbooks easier to read. D．They are required by all school rules.
My Journey of Learning Chinese
Hi, everyone! I’m Jack, an exchange student from America. I’m very glad to share my Chinese learning journey with you.
When I first came to China, I found Chinese extremely difficult. I couldn’t speak a single sentence and didn’t understand pinyin. After my first Chinese class, my teacher Ms. Li noticed my anxiety. She advised me to watch Chinese TV shows and listen to Chinese songs to improve my listening. She also told me to practice writing Chinese characters every day.
I followed her advice. At the start of my second month in China, I joined a Chinese corner. I practiced speaking with local students every weekend. We shared our cultures and had discussions on simple topics. I also kept a Chinese diary to practice writing.
At the end of my first year, I could have simple conversations with my classmates and write short passages. Now I can even read Chinese stories! I realize that the key to learning a language is persistence and making good use of every opportunity.
If you are learning a foreign language, don’t be afraid of difficulties. You will find your own way to improve if you keep trying.
31．Where is Jack from
A．China. B．America. C．England. D．Australia.
32．What difficulty did Jack have when he first came to China
A．He couldn’t speak Chinese. B．He couldn’t read English.
C．He couldn’t write English. D．He couldn’t understand math.
33．What advice did Ms. Li give Jack
A．To watch English TV shows. B．To listen to English songs.
C．To practice writing Chinese characters. D．To join an English corner.
34．When did Jack join a Chinese corner
A．When he first came to China. B．After his first Chinese class.
C．At the start of his second month in China. D．At the end of his first year in China.
35．What can we learn from Jack’s story
A．Learning a language is easy. B．Persistence is important for learning.
C．We don’t need to practice speaking. D．We should be afraid of difficulties.
On Monday, July 17, 2024, to challenge myself and experience something new, I took a trip to Xi’an alone. Here is my trip!
DAY 1 July 17, 2024 Let’s go! The Terracotta Army is a must-see for everyone. It is known as “the eighth wonder of the world”.
Huaqing Palace is famous for its hot spring. Here I visited Furong Garden, a traditional Chinese garden. It was really beautiful with colorful lights at night.
DAY 2 To know a city well, you must go to its history museum. In Shaanxi History Museum, I got a deeper understanding of the past of this city.
DAY 3 A Xi’an tour is not complete without climbing Mount Hua. Climbing the mountain was the most exciting thing I did during this trip!
DAY 4 Go home! There is one more thing I have to mention—Xi’an is really a city full of delicious food! There I tasted biangbiang noodles, yangrou paomo, roujiamo, cold noodles, and so on. For me, yangrou paomo is the most delicious.
36．When did the writer go to Shaanxi History Museum
A．On Monday, July 17. B．On Tuesday, July 18.
C．On Wednesday, July 19. D．On Thursday, July 20.
37．Which of the following is TRUE about the writer’s trip
A．He knew the past of Xi’an well when visiting the Terracotta Army.
B．He visited Furong Garden on the early morning of Day 2.
C．He found it really exciting to climb Mount Hua on the third day.
D．He regarded roujiamo as the most delicious food in Xi’an.
38．Who will most probably be interested in this text
A．Travel lovers. B．Technology fans. C．History experts. D．Food researchers.
From certain routes (路线) to daily service passing through amazing views, here are 4 of our favourite rail trips,with stops in exciting cities, open-air forests, and wildlife parks along the way.
Taste India’s best street food! From village markets to the city centre, enjoy royal-style Thalis (mixed meals), Biryanis (spicy rice) and Keema (fried meat) on your rail journey! Welcome to magic South Africa rail trip! Enjoy comfortable rooms with personal baths and three daily meals. See wildlife from your window or step off to meet animals up close!
“Fly” across Japan at 200 km/h! Experience snowy mountains, green islands and peaceful villages flashing by. Enjoy beautiful views from one of the world’s fastest trains! The train takes tourists to pass through fields, forests and mountains. You will enjoy traditional food, dance to live music and sunbathe on the open-air deck!
Click here: railjourney.com for more rail routes we have and book your rail trips.
39．How much does each person pay for a shared room on the South Africa rail trip
A．$7,750. B．$14,590. C． 17,470. D．$29,180.
40．What can tourists enjoy by taking the Tokyo to Tohoku train
A．All kinds of wildlife. B．Tasty traditional food.
C．Comfortable sunbath. D．Fast and amazing trip.
41．Who might the passage be written by
A．A travel company. B．A science teacher. C．A foreign tourist. D．A news reporter.
We need money almost everywhere. We use money to buy what we need and want. Our parents work hard every day to make enough money for our daily life. Spend our money wisely and we’ll live a more meaningful life.
Last week our teacher asked us to record our own monthly spending. I did this task with my good friend, David. We get the same amount of pocket money every month. Here is our survey.
42．How much of his pocket money does Felix spend on books
A．16% B．15% C．13% D．25%
43．What do Felix and David both spend the same amount of pocket money on
A．Food. B．Books. C．Transportation. D．Others.
44．Which of the following is true
A．Felix spends 25% of his pocket money on food. B．David saves more money than Felix.
C．Felix saves 45% of his pocket money. D．Felix spends 2% more on other things than David.
45．Which of the following does the writer agree with
A．It’s convenient to use digital money.
B．We should manage our money wisely.
C．It’s good to keep our money in safe places.
D．We should work hard to make enough money for our life.
46．Where does the text probably come from
A．From a storybook. B．From a school newspaper.
C．From a music book. D．From a travel magazine.
Sometimes all we need is a quick escape from the daily routine. A weekend getaway can be just the ticket to recharge our batteries and create unforgettable memories. Here’s a snapshot of what a perfect short trip might look like.
Essential Weekend Getaway Tips:
Choose a destination within a few hours’ drive to maximize your time off and reduce travel tiredness.
Book a comfortable accommodation (住宿) that offers a home-away-from-home feeling, perhaps with a local touch that adds to the experience.
Don’t miss the local markets—they’re a treasure of unique souvenirs, delicious street food.
Top choices for a Quick Escape:
Mountain Retreat: Enjoy hiking trails and amazing views for a refreshing change of pace. The mountain air and the peace of nature can do wonders for your spirit.
Coastal Town: Relax by the sea, enjoy the seafood, and take a sunbath.
Historical City: Step back in time with a walk through ancient streets and monuments.
Weekend trip plan:
Day 1: Arrive and settle in, then explore the local area. Get a feel for the place by visiting a local café or park, and maybe even start a conversation with a friendly local.
Day 2: Full-day adventure — hiking, sightseeing, or just relaxing. Perhaps take a boat tour if you’re by the coast, or a guided tour if you’re in a historical city.
Day 3: Slow down with a leisurely brunch before heading home. Reflect on the experiences and the stories you’ve collected during your short but sweet escape. Then go back home.
Remember, it’s not about the distance but the experience. A weekend getaway is a chance to make yourself slow down and return home with a renewed spirit. So, take your bags and let’s hit the road!
47．The writer introduces ________ destinations to have a quick escape for a weekend.
A．one B．two C．three D．four
48．The underlined word “snapshot” most probably means “________”.
A．picture B．book C．suggestion D．photograph
49．Which of the following is TRUE about the weekend trip plan
A．The first day should be spent on a fullday adventure.
B．If you are by the coast, taking a boat tour is suggested.
C．You'd better share your stories before you go back home.
D．The trip plan focuses on the adventures in historical cities.
50．The purpose of having a weekend getaway is to help you ________
A．enjoy the beauty of distance B．adventure your life experience
C．hit the road and escape from home D．slow down and get a renewed spirit
Are you getting bored with seeing similar places on the ground Why not try a hot air balloon flight Fly high and enjoy amazing sights from the sky. Here’s something you need to know.
All ages are welcome, but kids under 12 must fly with an adult. You should be fit enough to climb in and out of the balloon basket by yourself. And people with health problems cannot take the flight.
Weather is important for a successful flight. We need light winds and a clear, rain-free sky. If it’s too cloudy, we’ll change the flight time.
Our flights happen right after sunrise or before sunset. The flying season is from March to October. Don’t miss it because we don’t fly in winter!
It’s much colder in the sky, so wear warm sweaters and jackets. And remember to put on your boots—you may walk in wet fields for a while after landing.
The wind decides where the balloon goes! And our pilots will find a safe place to land. It might be 5 to 30 km away from the starting point. But don’t worry. We’ll send a bus to pick you up. You won’t have to walk all the way back!
Hot air balloon flight is safe, fun, and great for most e to enjoy the beautiful views from the sky! It will surely become one of your most unforgettable memories! Are you ready for this exciting flight
51．Who can take the hot air balloon flight alone according to the text
A．A 10-year-old boy.
B．A man with difficulty in moving his legs.
C．A 13-year-old girl.
D．A woman with a heart problem.
52．According to the text, what is a good time for a hot air balloon flight
A．A cloudy day in December. B．A sunny day in September.
C．A rainy day in July. D．A stormy day in August.
53．Where might the balloon land if the wind blows from west to east
A．A B．B C．C D．D
54．What clothes SHOULDN’T we wear
A．Skirts. B．Boots. C．Coats. D．Sweaters.
55．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To explain how hot air balloons work.
B．To tell people how dangerous balloon flights are.
C．To encourage people to try a new experience.
D．To compare balloon flights with other air trips.
When people pay for goods or services, they use money. You can find examples of money in museums around the world. But do you know how money has developed over time
Before people used money, they traded goods directly. For example, someone might trade a cow for five sheep. In this case, the cow was used as a form of “money”. People in ancient China invented shell money. Even today we can see the symbol of “shell” in many Chinese characters about money or trade. During the Spring and Autumn Period, each state made its own money. Later, Emperor Qin Shi Huang united China and created one type of money for the whole country. It was a round coin with a square hole in the center. With such a hole, people could put the money together with a rope and carry them around easily. Centuries later, when there was less metal for making money, the government of the Song Dynasty started to produce paper money—“jiaozi”.
This great invention later also appeared in other parts of the world. Now, as information technology develops, people begin to use digital money. If a foreign tourist visits China, he will find people pay for almost everything through their mobile phones.
What will money look like in the future Will there still be paper money We may not have answers to those questions. But money will surely continue to exist in some form.
根据材料内容选择正确答案。
56．According to the passage, what was the first kind of money invented by people in ancient China
A．Cows. B．Shells. C．Round coins. D．Jiaozi.
57．What was special about the coin made during the Qin Dynasty
A．It had a square hole in the center. B．It was made of gold.
C．It was the largest coin in history. D．It could only be used by the emperor.
58．Why did the Song Dynasty government start to produce paper money
A．Because paper was cheaper than metal. B．Because people preferred paper to coins.
C．Because there was not enough metal for coins. D．Because they wanted to try a new invention.
59．What is the main purpose of the author
A．To persuade readers into saving money. B．To inform readers about the history of money.
C．To encourage readers to use digital money. D．To entertain readers with a historical story.
60．What is the main idea of the passage
A．People will stop using money in the future. B．Digital money is the best form of money.
C．China invented all kinds of money. D．Money has changed a lot over time.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Money is an important part of our daily life. It helps us buy what we need and do business easily. But money was not always the same as it is today. Let’s learn about the history of money and how it changes.
In ancient times, people had no money. They traded goods directly. For example, a baker could give bread to a farmer and get vegetables in return. This kind of trading was called “barter”. However, it was not convenient. Sometimes, people couldn’t agree on what to trade, so they needed a better way.
Later, people in ancient China invented shell money. Shells were small, easy to carry and keep, so they became a form of money. It was the first ancient money in China. With shell money, people could trade more easily. They didn’t need to carry heavy goods anymore.
As time went by, people started to use other things as money, such as gold and silver. These metals were valuable and could be made into small pieces. But carrying gold and silver was not safe. So banks appeared, and people began to use banks to keep their money safe.
Today, we have many convenient ways to pay. We can pay in cash, pay by credit card, or make payments online. It’s fast and easy, but we must be careful with our personal information. We should think twice before paying online to keep our money safe.
Saving money is also a good habit. Many people make a budget to save money for the future. It teaches us to be patient and prepare for unexpected things. Remember, money is useful, but we should use it wisely and keep a good balance between spending and saving.
61．Why did people invent shell money
A．Because shells were expensive.
B．Because shells were hard to carry.
C．Because direct trading was not convenient.
D．Because people liked collecting shells.
62．What can we learn from the passage
A．We can pay in many ways today.
B．Shell money is still used today.
C．Direct trading is convenient.
D．We don’t need to save money.
63．What does the underlined word “barter” mean in Chinese
A．存钱
B．预算
C．物物交换
D．付款
64．What is the main idea of the passage
A．How to pay online safely.
B．The history and development of money.
C．How to make a budget.
D．The importance of banks.
65．What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage
A．To tell people to spend all their money.
B．To introduce the history and proper use of money.
C．To encourage people to use only cash for payment.
D．To explain why banks are not important.
Chen Jie, a 15-year-old girl, used to have few friends. She often felt lonely but she was too shy to communicate with others.
One day, her art teacher, Ms. Wang, noticed that Chen Jie was sitting alone. She sat beside her and asked, “Your paintings are really beautiful. Would you like to join the school art club ”
Chen Jie’s eyes lit up. She loved painting, but she said hesitantly (犹豫地), “I... I don’t know. What if others don’t like my paintings ”
Ms. Wang smiled kindly. “Don’t worry. In the art club, everyone shares and learns together. Why not give it a try ” With Ms. Wang’s encouragement, Chen Jie decided to take a leap of faith. She went to the art club the next week. At first, she was nervous and just painted quietly in a corner. But the other students came to look at her paintings and said, “Wow, these are amazing!” Their warm words made her feel accepted.
Week by week, Chen Jie started to open up. She began to share her ideas and even helped others. She made friends with two girls there. They ate lunch together and talked about everything.
Now, Chen Jie is different. She still loves painting, but she also loves being with people. “I used to think I was happy alone, but now I know that sharing my hobby with friends brings more joy.”
Chen Jie’s story shows that growing up sometimes means stepping out of our comfort zone. When we try new things, we discover new parts of ourselves and find true friendship.
66．What was Chen Jie’s problem at the beginning of the story
A．She didn’t dare to talk with others. B．She didn’t like painting anymore.
C．She was angry with her classmates. D．She failed her art exam.
67．Who encouraged Chen Jie to join the art club
A．Her mother. B．Her classmate. C．Her teacher. D．Her friend.
68．What does the underlined phrase “take a leap of faith” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Take a walk. B．Take a break. C．Take a look. D．Take a chance.
69．How did Chen Jie change after joining the art club
A．She became more careful. B．She made friends and opened her heart.
C．She took up many hobbies. D．She became strict with others.
70．What can we learn from Chen Jie’s story
A．No one can stay alone all the time. B．Painting is popular in middle school.
C．Stepping out helps us grow. D．Clubs are the best place for talented people.
Phuket, Thailand
A tsunami may come soon. It is from a strong undersea earthquake. The waves can be very high and hurt people.
If you are near the sea, go to high ground at once. Don’t stay in low places. Watch the local news for updates.
Chongqing, China
Heavy rain will come at 4:00 p.m. It will last over 8 hours. It may make low places full of water and cause traffic problems.
Please stay at home if you can. If you have to go out, look out for falling things. Drivers should drive slowly.
Moscow, Russia
A snowstorm is coming at 6:00 p.m. It will bring strong wind and heavy snow. Snow can be 20-40 cm thick. Roads will be icy and hard to drive on.
Please stay indoors and keep warm. If you are driving, stop in a safe place and wait.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
71．What causes the tsunami in Phuket
A．Heavy rain. B．Undersea earthquake.
C．Strong wind. D．Thick snow.
72．When will the heavy rain start in Chongqing
A．At 4:00 a.m. B．At 4:00 p.m.
C．At 6:00 a.m. D．At 6:00 p.m.
73．What should drivers do in Moscow during the snowstorm
A．Drive fast. B．Keep going.
C．Stop and wait safely. D．Call friends for help.
74．Which place doesn’t talk about traffic problems
A．Phuket. B．Chongqing.
C．Moscow. D．None of them.
75．What’s the main purpose of the passage
A．To tell people how to keep safe in disasters.
B．To show different places around the world.
C．To teach drivers to drive carefully.
D．To tell people to watch TV news.
Do you get angry when a friend borrows your favourite thing and then breaks it Do you get angry when your team loses an important game Do you get angry when your teacher gives you too much homework Do you get angry when your best friend does not wait for you after school Anger is a kind of feeling.
Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something. But sometimes you hide your anger. For example, you are really angry, but you may keep it to yourself. The worst thing is to do nothing but keep quiet. If you do this, maybe you will get a headache.
So what can we do when we get angry In fact, it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way. Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry Research points out that when we show our anger in this way, we can’t probably get on well with our friends and family. The more time we keep getting angry, the worse result we’ll get.
One good way is to keep a record. Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Besides, say how you’re feeling and why. When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people and share your problems with them like your friends and family. Lastly, do some physical activities. Doing some housework or exercise helps reduce your feeling of anger.
Anger is a normal feeling. Knowing it and learning to deal with it in the right way are important.
76．How does the writer start the passage
A．By telling a story. B．By giving examples.
C．By making a survey. D．By asking questions.
77．What BIG question does paragraph 2 answer
A．Why do people get angry easily B．How does anger affect your health
C．What happens when you are angry D．When should people express their anger
78．Which of the following can help deal with the feeling of anger according to the passage
a. Exercising. b. Listening to music. c. Writing down the reasons. d. Doing some housework.
A．acd B．abd C．abc D．bcd
79．What’s the correct structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
Shi Ming, a full-time traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctor, surprised everyone at the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) in Macao (澳门终极格斗冠军赛) on 23 November. In her day job, the friendly “Doctor Shi” spends her time shaking off people’s tiredness as an acupuncturist (针灸师) at a hospital in Kunming, Yunnan. After her six-hour work at the hospital, she secretly trained at a gym—even her family and close friends didn’t know about her MMA (综合格斗) practice. But now, everyone knows, as videos of Shi’s powerful high kick and her “doctor by day, fighter by night” background have made her popular both in China and the US.
Shi began taekwondo (跆拳道) training at 13 in Kunming, drawn by its cool uniform and head kicks. She first tried her hand at MMA training in college and has since fallen in love with the sport. “She looks as normal as any cute and quiet little girl in life, but when she steps
into the ring, she becomes the bravest fighter we know,” said Zhu Jinqiu, her coach (教练) and the owner of the club where she trains.
Now, Shi plans to work harder on getting an MMA world championship. She will put her medical job on hold. “It’s time to take a break from my job and turn from a competitor into a champion, like China’s MMA star Zhang Weili,” Shi said.
80．What is Shi Ming’s main job
A．An MMA coach. B．A taekwondo teacher. C．A TCM acupuncturist.
81．Shi Ming started taekwondo training because ______.
A．the training could make her a champion
B．she was interested in the uniform and the special moves
C．the exercise could shake off her tiredness
82．The underlined phrase “put her medical job on hold” means “________”.
A．stop working as a doctor for some time
B．work harder as an acupuncturist
C．take the medical job seriously
83．According to the passage, we can know that Shi Ming is ________.
A．a friendly and quiet fighter in the ring
B．a shy girl who doesn’t like to talk with others
C．a helpful doctor trying to go after her dream
Sarah often helped out at her dad’s restaurant, but today she felt different—she was given a new job to serve customers. She carefully carried a dish to the table with excitement. But her excitement quickly turned into anxiety (焦虑) when she saw Kassy, a popular girl from school, sitting there with her friends. Feeling shy and afraid, Sarah ducked behind the front desk so that nobody could see her.
Though Sarah was an excellent student, she often felt out of place among her rich classmates. She remembered how Kassy made fun of her and worried that others might do the same to her for working at a restaurant. When Sarah’s dad found this, he didn’t know what to say. He asked her to take a break.
Turning back to the kitchen, Sarah felt bad for letting her dad down. To her surprise, Hannah, one of Kassy’s friends, came over and said that she knew how Sarah felt. She also praised (称赞) Sarah for her hard work. Her comfort gave Sarah strength.
Sarah was confident to walk to Kassy and brought the check (账单) to her. When Kassy tried to make fun of her, Sarah smiled at her and walked away. As she crossed the dining room, Sarah realised (意识到) she didn’t feel shy and afraid. Whether Kassy liked her family’s restaurant or not, it wasn’t important.
As Sarah returned to the front desk, she felt a warm sense of pride. She knew that the restaurant was special to her, no matter what others thought. She understood that hard work and kindness were what really mattered. From then on, she started to enjoy her new role with confidence and pride.
84．Why did Sarah feel excited at first
A．Because she saw her classmates.
B．Because it was her first time serving customers.
C．Because she could bring checks to customers.
85．The underlined word “ducked” means “________” in the first paragraph.
A．逃跑 B．躲避 C．摔倒
86．How did Sarah’s feeling change according to the passage
A．Excited→worried→shy and afraid→bad→confident→proud.
B．Excited→shy and afraid→worried→bad→confident→proud.
C．Excited→worried→bad→shy and afraid→proud→confident.
87．What did Sarah learn from her experience
A．It’s wrong to laugh at others.
B．It’s necessary to see the good in others.
C．Be yourself no matter what others think.
A tsunami is one of the most powerful and dangerous natural disasters. It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes. When the ocean floor suddenly moves during a quake, it pushes a large amount of water upward, creating waves that travel across the ocean at very high speeds, as fast as a jet plane.
Unlike normal waves, a tsunami wave is very long and low in the deep ocean, so ships might not even notice it passing underneath. However, as it approaches the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller, sometimes as high as a tall building. The word “tsunami” comes from Japanese, meaning “harbor wave”.
Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake near the coast, the ocean pulling back far from the shore very quickly (like a very low tide), or a loud roar from the ocean. If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning. Remember, the first wave may not be the largest, and tsunamis can last for hours.
88．What is the main cause of a tsunami
A．Strong winds over the ocean.
B．Underwater earthquakes.
C．Heavy rainfall on the sea.
D．The high tide.
89．What happens to a tsunami wave as it gets close to the coast
A．It travels faster. B．It becomes longer and lower.
C．It grows much taller. D．It disappears.
90．What does the underlined word “shallower” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Deeper. B．Not deep. C．Warmer. D．Colder.
91．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a warning sign of a tsunami
A．A strong earthquake near the coast.
B．The ocean water pulling back quickly.
C．A loud sound coming from the ocean.
D．Dark clouds gathering in the sky.
92．What should you do if you see a possible tsunami warning sign
A．Go to the beach to watch.
B．Wait for an official warning on TV.
C．Move to higher ground at once.
D．Get on a ship in the harbor.
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过David学习英语的经历，展现了“害怕犯错”是语言学习的常见障碍，而在他人鼓励下勇敢面对错误、从错误中学习，最终能实现自我突破，证明了“错误是学习的契机”这一核心观点。
1．第一段第二句“His biggest problem was that he was afraid of making mistakes.”明确指出，David最初学英语的最大问题是害怕犯错。
2．第二段“Mr. Li said, ‘Mistakes are not your enemies...’ He encouraged David to speak up without fear.”和第三段首句“David decided to change.”表明，David决定改变是因为老师的鼓励和引导。
3．第三段第二句“He started by setting a small goal: to ask or answer one question in each English class.”直接说明，David的第一个小目标是每节英语课提问或回答一个问题。
4．第四段“Months later, David’s progress was clear... he was no longer afraid.”描述了几个月后David取得了明显进步。
5．从David的经历和第四段尾句“He learned that the key to learning a language is not avoiding mistakes, but learning from them.”可知，文章传递的核心主旨是“从错误中学习对进步很重要”。
6．B 7．A 8．D 9．D 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英式英语和美式英语在词汇、拼写、发音三个方面的差异，说明这些差异是同一种语言的不同变体，了解它们有助于更好地学习英语和跨文化交流。
6．文章第一段点明核心：英式英语和美式英语在词汇、拼写、发音上存在有趣的差异，后文分三个维度详细说明差异，最后总结这些差异的本质。因此主题是 “英式英语和美式英语的差异”。
7．根据第二段“if you are in London and want to buy some ‘biscuits’, you would ask for ‘cookies’ in New York.” 可知，伦敦（英国）称这种脆的甜点为biscuit，纽约（美国）称其为cookie。
8．根据第三段“British people write ‘colour’, ‘favourite’, and ‘centre’. Americans usually write ‘color’, ‘favorite’, and ‘center’.” 可知，color是美式拼写，colour、centre、favourite是英式拼写。
9．第 1 段：总起，点明英式英语和美式英语存在差异，引出下文。第 2 段：分述词汇差异。第 3 段：分述拼写差异。第 4 段：分述发音差异。第 5 段：总结，说明差异的本质和学习意义。结构为“总→分→总”
10．根据第四段“The most famous example is the word ‘tomato’. A British person might say /t 'mɑ t /, with a long ‘ah’sound, while an American might say /t 'me t /, with an ‘ay’ sound.” 可知，作者用tomato举例说明英式和美式的发音差异。
11．A 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文讲述了Leo因英语听说能力不佳而向格林老师求助，老师通过类比、给出具体建议的方式指导Leo，Leo最终取得进步并领悟到寻求帮助是解决问题的第一步。
11．对应第1段：文中提到“Leo felt more and more worried about his English class. Every time he tried to speak... he couldn’t understand the fast conversations... he decided to talk to his English teacher”，说明Leo找格林老师是因为担心自己的英语听说能力。
12．对应第2段：文中提到“It’s like learning to swim. You can’t learn it only from a book; you must get into the water”，说明格林老师把学习语言比作学习游泳。
13．对应第3段：格林老师的第一条建议是“Find some simple, slow English stories or songs online”，即听简单、慢速的英语材料。
14．对应第3段：格林老师建议提升口语的方法是“practice talking to yourself”，即练习自言自语。
15．对应第4段：文中提到“A few weeks later... Leo slowly raised his hand and gave a short answer”，说明Leo几周后在英语课上回答了问题。
16．A 17．B 18．B 19．C 20．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家孔子的生平及其教育理念。文章从孔子的身份地位、核心思想、教学方法以及其对后世深远的文化影响力等方面展开了详细叙述。
16．第一段指出：“People remember him not as a king or a general, but as a great teacher and thinker.”，这直接说明孔子主要是作为伟大的教师和思想家被世人所熟知的。
17．第二段明确提到：“One of his most famous ideas is ‘Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.’”，即“己所不欲，勿施于人”。
18．第三段描述了孔子的教学方式：“He asked questions and let his students think and find the answers themselves.”，这说明他通过提问来引导学生自主思考并寻找答案。
19．根据最后一段的语境：“Confucius’s legacy is not in buildings or money, but in these valuable ideas that continue to teach us.”。作者将“legacy”与具体的建筑和金钱进行对比，并指出它存在于那些“继续教导我们的宝贵思想”之中，由此可以推断legacy指的是前人留给后世的重要精神财富。
20．文章从孔子的身份出发，详细阐述了其核心思想内容、教育方法及其著作的影响，最后强调其思想在今天依然具有重要价值，D项“孔子是一位重要的教育家，他关于生活与学习的理念至今仍具有重要意义。”高度概括了全文的中心思想。
21．B 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了顶尖学习者提供的四条实用英语学习建议，包括词汇记忆、听力提升、口语练习和写作训练的方法。
21．细节理解题。根据“First, for vocabulary, don’t just memorize words alone. Copy down the whole sentences with new words in a notebook.”可知，更好地记住新单词的方法是抄写包含新单词的句子。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“Second, for listening, listen to English programs like BBC Learning English. Repeat the parts you can’t understand until you learn them by heart.”可知，重复英语节目中难懂的部分能帮助提高听力。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“Third, for oral English, practice speaking every day. Speak English with your classmates or join an English corner.”可知，加入英语角是练习口语的方法之一。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据“Finally, keep an English diary. ... This can improve your writing skills and help you review what you’ve learned.”可知，写英语日记的好处之一是提高写作能力。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据“Second, for listening, listen to English programs like BBC Learning English.”可知，听英语节目对听力有帮助。故选C。
26．C 27．C 28．B 29．B 30．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了几种基于研究的、能提高学习效率的智能策略。
26．主旨大意题。全文围绕如何通过智能策略（如间隔重复、检索练习等）成为更高效的学习者展开。 C选项符合题意，故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段“spread it out over several shorter sessions”可知，间隔重复是指将学习时间分散开来。C选项符合题意，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“You can use flashcards...”可知，使用抽认卡测试自己是“检索练习”的一个例子。B选项符合题意，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“make connections between new knowledge and what you already know”可知，精细化的目的是将新旧知识联系起来。B选项符合题意，故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Your brain needs rest to consolidate memories.”和“Physical activity... improve your focus”可知，睡眠和运动有助于大脑休息和更好地运作。B选项符合题意，故选B。
31．B 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文讲述了来自美国的交换生Jack的中文学习之旅。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m Jack, an exchange student from America”，可知Jack来自美国，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“I couldn’t speak a single sentence and didn’t understand pinyin”，可知Jack最初不会说中文，故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“She advised me to watch Chinese TV shows and listen to Chinese songs... practice writing Chinese characters every day”，可知C选项是老师的建议，故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段“At the start of my second month in China, I joined a Chinese corner”，可知Jack在第二个月初加入汉语角，故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据第四段“I realize that the key to learning a language is persistence”，可知坚持对学习很重要，故选B。
36．B 37．C 38．A
【导语】本文是一篇旅行日记，记录了作者2024年7月独自前往西安四天三夜的行程，包括参观兵马俑、华清宫、陕西历史博物馆、华山以及品尝当地美食。
36．行程表中Day 2（7月18日）记录：“In Shaanxi History Museum, I got a deeper understanding of the past of this city.”，说明作者在7月18日去了陕西历史博物馆。
37．Day 3记录：“Climbing the mountain was the most exciting thing I did during this trip!”，说明作者在第三天觉得爬华山非常兴奋。
38．本文是一篇旅行日记，记录了西安的景点、美食和文化，最可能吸引“旅行爱好者”。
39．B 40．D 41．A
【导语】本文介绍了四条铁路旅行路线，并描述了每条路线的特色体验。
39．南非铁路旅行部分显示房间价格为“$14,590 per person (for two sharing a room)”，表明价格是$14,590。
40．日本铁路旅行部分指出：“‘Fly’ across Japan at 200 km/h!...Enjoy beautiful views from one of the world’s fastest trains!”，说明东京到东北的列车提供快速且令人惊叹的旅程。
41．本文是四条铁路旅行路线的推广介绍，最后有预订链接，最可能由“旅行社”撰写。
42．A 43．C 44．D 45．B 46．B
【导语】本文介绍了Felix和David两人的月度零花钱支出调查数据，涵盖食物、书籍、交通、储蓄及其他方面的占比对比，并倡导理性消费。
42．图表中Books (书籍) 一栏，Felix对应的白色柱状图比例为16%。
43．Transportation (交通) 一栏，Felix和David的支出占比均为8%，因此两人支出相同的项目是交通。
44．图表中Others (其他) 一栏，Felix的支出占比为16%，David为14%，Felix比David多花2%，因此D选项正确。
45．第一段明确提到“Spend our money wisely and we’ll live a more meaningful life.”，说明作者认同我们应该明智地管理金钱。
46．第二段提到“Last week our teacher asked us to record our own monthly spending.”，且内容是学生的零花钱调查，最可能出自校报。
47．C 48．A 49．B 50．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了周末短途旅行的实用建议、热门目的地选择、行程规划，以及周末出行的意义，帮助读者规划完美的短途旅行。
47．在 “Top choices for a Quick Escape” 部分，依次列出了 “Mountain Retreat”“Coastal Town”“Historical City” 三个目的地。
48．第一段最后一句 “Here’s a snapshot of what a perfect short trip might look like.”，结合上下文，该词用于引出下文对完美短途旅行的介绍，意为 “概况、写照”，与 “picture（画面、写照）” 含义最接近。
49．根据Day 2 部分提到 “Perhaps take a boat tour if you’re by the coast, or a guided tour if you’re in a historical city.”可知，身处海边，可以乘船游览。
50．根据最后一段提到 “A weekend getaway is a chance to make yourself slow down and return home with a renewed spirit.”可知，安排周末短途旅行的意义在于帮助我们放慢脚步，重拾精神活力。
51．C 52．B 53．C 54．A 55．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了乘坐热气球飞行的相关信息，包括适合乘坐的人群、天气要求、飞行时间、着装要求、着陆地点以及乘坐热气球飞行的好处等，鼓励人们尝试这一新体验。
51．第二段指出“All ages are welcome, but kids under 12 must fly with an adult. You should be fit enough to climb in and out of the balloon basket by yourself. And people with health problems cannot take the flight.”，这直接说明12岁及以上且身体健康、能自己进出热气球篮子的人可以独自乘坐热气球飞行，13岁的女孩符合要求。
52．第三段提到“Weather is important for a successful flight. We need light winds and a clear, rain-free sky.”以及第四段“Our flights happen right after sunrise or before sunset. The flying season is from March to October.”，说明需要微风、晴朗无雨的天气，飞行季节是3月到10月，日出后或日落前飞行，9月的一个晴朗日符合。
53．第六段提到“The wind decides where the balloon goes! And our pilots will find a safe place to land. It might be 5 to 30 km away from the starting point.”，说明气球随风向飞行。若风向自西向东，气球将从起点向东飞行，可能降落在起点以东的位置，对应图片中C的位置和方向。
54．第五段提到“It’s much colder in the sky, so wear warm sweaters and jackets. And remember to put on your boots—you may walk in wet fields for a while after landing.”，说明要穿暖和的毛衣、夹克和靴子，裙子没有提及且在可能着陆在湿田地的情况下不适合穿。
55．最后一段提到“Hot air balloon flight is safe, fun, and great for most e to enjoy the beautiful views from the sky! It will surely become one of your most unforgettable memories! Are you ready for this exciting flight ”，说明热气球飞行安全、有趣，鼓励人们来享受天空美景，这将成为难忘的回忆，即鼓励人们尝试这一新体验。
56．B 57．A 58．C 59．B 60．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了货币的发展历程，从以物易物到中国的贝壳币、秦代方孔圆币、宋代交子，再到如今的数字货币。
56．第二段明确提到：“People in ancient China invented shell money.”，这直接说明中国古人发明的第一种货币是贝壳币。
57．第二段指出秦代的货币特征：“It was a round coin with a square hole in the center.”，这直接说明其特殊之处是中间有一个方孔。
58．第二段说明宋代发行纸币的原因：“when there was less metal for making money, the government of the Song Dynasty started to produce paper money”，这直接说明原因是制作钱币的金属不足。
59．文章按时间顺序介绍了货币从以物易物到数字货币的发展过程，目的是向读者介绍货币的发展历史。
60．文章开篇提出“how money has developed over time”，随后介绍了货币的多种发展形式，核心主旨是货币随着时间发生了很大的变化。
61．C 62．A 63．C 64．B 65．B
【导语】本文介绍了货币的发展历史，从物物交换到贝壳货币、金银货币再到现代支付方式，并提醒人们合理使用和储蓄金钱
61．第二段指出“However, it was not convenient… so they needed a better way.”第三段接着介绍人们发明贝壳货币，说明发明贝壳货币是因为物物交换不方便。
62．第五段提到“Today, we have many convenient ways to pay. We can pay in cash, pay by credit card, or make payments online.”说明如今有多种支付方式。
63．第二段提到“They traded goods directly… This kind of trading was called ‘barter’.”说明barter指的是直接交换物品，即“物物交换”。
64．文章按时间顺序介绍货币从古代到现代的发展变化，并说明合理使用金钱，因此主题是货币的发展历史。
65．文章既介绍了货币发展历史，又在最后提醒“we should use it wisely”，说明作者写作目的是介绍货币历史并倡导合理使用金钱。
66．A 67．C 68．D 69．B 70．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了15岁的内向女孩陈洁在美术老师的鼓励下加入学校美术俱乐部，逐渐敞开心扉、收获友谊、实现成长的故事。
66．第一段“She often felt lonely but she was too shy to communicate with others.”，说明陈洁的问题是不敢和他人交流。
67．第二段“One day, her art teacher, Ms. Wang ... Would you like to join the school art club ”及第四段“With Ms. Wang’s encouragement”，表明是她的美术老师王老师鼓励她加入美术俱乐部。
68．结合上下文，陈洁本来犹豫不敢加入，在老师的鼓励下，她决定大胆尝试、抓住这个机会。“take a leap of faith”意思是“大胆一试，抓住机会”。
69．第五段“Week by week, Chen Jie started to open up. She began to share her ideas and even helped others. She made friends with two girls there.”，表明陈洁加入美术俱乐部后逐渐敞开心扉，还交到了朋友。
70．最后一段“Chen Jie’s story shows that growing up sometimes means stepping out of our comfort zone. When we try new things, we discover new parts of ourselves and find true friendship.”指出，陈洁的故事告诉我们走出舒适区才能成长。
71．B 72．B 73．C 74．A 75．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了泰国普吉岛、中国重庆、俄罗斯莫斯科三个地方即将面临的自然灾害情况，包括海啸、暴雨、暴风雪，并针对不同灾害给出了相应的安全建议。
71．第一段指出原因：“It is from a strong undersea earthquake.”，这直接说明普吉岛的海啸是由强烈海底地震引起的。
72．第二段说明时间：“Heavy rain will come at 4:00 p.m.”，这直接表明重庆的暴雨将在下午4点开始。
73．第三段说明做法：“If you are driving, stop in a safe place and wait.”，这直接说明在莫斯科暴风雪期间，司机应该把车停在安全的地方等待。
74．第一段描述普吉岛海啸情况，未提及交通问题；第二段描述重庆暴雨情况，提到“It may make low places full of water and cause traffic problems.”；第三段描述莫斯科暴风雪情况，提到“Roads will be icy and hard to drive on.”。所以未提及交通问题的是普吉岛。
75．最后一段总结全文，文章分别针对普吉岛的海啸、重庆的暴雨、莫斯科的暴风雪给出了相应的安全建议，所以文章主要目的是告诉人们在灾害中如何保证安全。
76．D 77．C 78．A 79．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍愤怒是正常情绪，身体会有反应，提出记录原因、与人倾诉、做体力活动等正确处理方式。
76．文章开头连续使用四个“Do you get angry when... ”问句，通过提问引入话题。
77．第二段主要描述愤怒时身体的变化（呼吸加快、脸变红、想摔东西）以及有些人会隐藏愤怒（导致头痛），回答的是“愤怒时会发生什么”。A（为何易怒）、B（如何影响健康）、D（何时表达愤怒）均未涉及。
78．文中提出的方法：a. Exercising ——最后一段“do some physical activities... exercise helps”；c. Writing down the reasons ——最后一段“keep a record... write down why you are angry”；d. Doing some housework——最后一段“Doing some housework... helps”；b. Listening to music——全文未提及。故A选项acd正确。
79．第①段：通过问题引出“愤怒是一种情绪”；第②③④段：②描述愤怒时的表现，③说明愤怒需要以正确方式释放，第④段：给出具体处理方法；第⑤段：总结升华主题，强调愤怒是正常情绪，要懂得以正确的方式去了解和面对它。故结构为：①→②③④→⑤。
80．C 81．B 82．A 83．C
【导语】本文讲述了石铭白天是昆明医院的中医针灸师，夜晚秘密练习综合格斗（MMA），在UFC赛事中一战成名，并计划暂停医疗工作、冲击MMA世界冠军的励志故事。
80．第1段明确提到“Shi Ming, a full-time traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctor… spends her time shaking off people’s tiredness as an acupuncturist at a hospital in Kunming, Yunnan.”，说明石铭的主业是中医针灸师。
81．第2段提到“Shi began taekwondo training at 13 in Kunming, drawn by its cool uniform and head kicks.”，说明她开始练跆拳道是因为对道服和踢头动作感兴趣。
82．第3段提到“It’s time to take a break from my job and turn from a competitor into a champion”，说明“put her medical job on hold”的意思是暂停医生工作一段时间。
83．文中提到石铭是友善的针灸师，同时为了MMA梦想努力训练、冲击世界冠军，因此她是一位乐于助人、追逐梦想的医生。
84．B 85．B 86．A 87．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了女孩Sarah在父亲餐厅首次服务顾客时，从兴奋、焦虑到最终克服自卑、重拾自信的成长故事。
84．第一段明确指出“today she felt different—she was given a new job to serve customers. She carefully carried a dish to the table with excitement.”，直接说明Sarah感到兴奋的原因是她第一次被安排了招待顾客的新工作。
85．根据上下文“Feeling shy and afraid, Sarah ducked behind the front desk so that nobody could see her.”，Sarah感到害羞害怕，躲在前台后面不让别人看见，因此“ducked”的意思是“躲避”。
86．根据“She carefully carried a dish to the table with excitement. But her excitement quickly turned to anxiety (焦虑) … Feeling shy and afraid”、“Sarah felt bad for letting her dad down…”、“Sarah was confident to walk to Kassy and brought the check (账单) to her.”以及“As Sarah returned to the front desk, she felt a warm sense of pride.”可知，情感变化顺序为：先兴奋(excited)，后担忧(worried)，接着害怕并害羞(shy and afraid)，然后感觉糟糕(bad)，接着是自信(confident)，最后是感到骄傲(proud)。
87．最后一段明确点明主旨：“She knew that the restaurant was special to her, no matter what others thought. She understood that hard work and kindness were what really mattered.”，说明Sarah学到的是：无论别人怎么想，都要做自己，坚持努力和善良。
88．B 89．C 90．B 91．D 92．C
【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了海啸的成因、传播特征、靠近海岸时的变化以及预警信号，旨在普及相关知识并指导紧急应对。
88．第一段第二句“It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes.”点明，海啸主要是由海底地震引起的。
89．第二段第三句“However, as it approaches the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller...”说明，海啸波靠近海岸时会变得更高。
90．根据语境，与“deep ocean”相对，靠近海岸的水域是“浅水区”，因此“shallower”意为“更浅的”，即“not deep”。
91．第三段第一句“Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake..., the ocean pulling back... or a loud roar from the ocean.”说明，海岸附近发生强烈地震、海水迅速退去、海面传来巨大的声响三项均被提及为海啸的前兆。
92．第三段第二、三句“If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning.”直接点明，应立即转移到地势较高的地方。
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