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语篇填空考点临门一脚押题之社会关系篇
A
Helping people is the right thing and will make us more popular with others. 1 , we can’t say “yes” every time when other people ask for help. Sometimes we just don’t have enough time. Sometimes we don’t have the ability to help. In this case, we must know how 2 ( say) “no” to others.
3 fact, it’s difficult for us to say “no” because we don’t want to make others angry or sad. We often worry that saying no is bad for our relationship with others. As a result, we have to spend much time 4 (solve) problems for people who ask for help. But if we are not able to do them 5 (good), it will make our relationship even worse.
So, how should we say no Here are some 6 (way) we can try. First, if someone needs our help, listen to him/her carefully. The point is to let the person know that we 7 (be) glad to help. Then we should tell the 8 (true). Just tell the person why we can’t help. But we must be kind and tell the reasons 9 (clear). Most people are understanding. We don’t need to feel sorry about saying no. What’s more, if we finally decide to refuse him/her, we can also try to find someone else to help him/her. In this way, he/she may get some comfort.
In short, we cannot make everyone happy all the time. After all, saying no is 10 part of our life.
B
Individuals in both Western and Eastern societies have social needs, which we meet in a variety of ways. However, our 11 (prefer) strategies do tend to differ. In the more individualistic West, people love their families, 12 tend to rely more heavily on friendship. These friendships can become “chosen families” that help people grow.
But these relationships depend on detailed face-to-face interactions, 13 we think is made difficult by social distancing. 14 (compare) Westerners with the Chinese, people find that Americans rely more on physical actions and expressions like head turns, facial expressions and eye contact 15 (support) communication.
Westerners can also be more sensitive — and more likely to interpret a lack of positive body language as a lack of interest or 16 (involve). Because electronic media like Zoom can’t capture these sorts of subtle 17 (behavior) clues well, Americans now find 18 complex to maintain a sense of connection with others.
In contrast, people in more collectivistic societies like China tend to meet their social needs with given or blood bond with schoolmates or family. Indeed, Asians can get a feeling 19 they become close from almost any kind of social exchange. Thus, connection is maintained 20 (easy) even during long periods of social distancing than expected.
C
In today’s fast-paced world, many people lack 21 (emotion) connection with others. It wasn’t until I reflected 22 my own life that I realized how grateful I should be for the ordinary moments that often go unnoticed. An incident 23 (occur) that exposed this issue to me.
One day, while browsing through a magazine, an advertisement caught my eye. It 24 (base) on the idea that the 25 (major) of people feel disconnected in their daily lives. The advertisement recommended 26 (find) a solution to this problem by changing our attitude towards relationships.
I was struck by the thought that our emotions can sometimes disappear in the hustle and bustle of life. We become so engaged in our own routines that we fail 27 (appreciate) the people around us. This reflection made me realize the importance of being 28 (gratitude) for every interaction, no matter how small.
Everyone should take the time to think about connections they have with others. By doing so, we can change our different 29 (attitude). It’s only when we appreciate the ordinary moments 30 true connections can appear, and the sense of disconnection will gradually disappear.
D
Are you a talkative person Do you like 31 (chat) with your colleagues Every day around the world, about three billion people go to work and 2. 9 billion of them avoid making small talk with their colleagues once they get there.
Their avoidance strategies(策略) are 32 (differ). Some will put on their headphones and keep their eyes low. Others 33 (pretend) to receive a message that requires 34 immediate answer, which prevents them from doing pretty much anything else.
Also people will avoid the conversations while they are heating up lunch in the office microwave or 35 they are walking from their office building to the nearest public bus stop.
However, Jamie Terran, an expert in New York City, said that small talk between colleagues is important because it builds trust. “And it makes it easy for you to remember 36 we’re only human.”
A 2018 study in Psychological Science 37 (show) that people often underestimated(低估) how much 38 (they) conversation partners liked them.
Here is an example. Imagine what happens after you have an awkward (尴尬) small talk with your colleague. Do you think that the colleague you just 39 (talk) with is a terrible conversationalist No. You will go back to your desk and think, “Wow, I’m a terrible human being who should 40 (keep) away from society. ” And your colleague is thinking the same thing about himself or herself.
E
Nowadays, our classrooms, neighborhoods and communities become 41 (diverse) than ever before. People from different 42 (country) and cultures continue to spread out around the world. Different skin colors, languages, physical abilities and clothes 43 (be) some of the types of diversity that we experience every day.
How we respond to this diversity will decide not only our future as a person but also our future as a society. As Maya Angelou said, “In diversity there is beauty and 44 (strong)”. Tolerance (宽容) means openness to the differences that exist among us all. It means respecting and learning from others, 45 (value) our differences and discovering what we have 46 common.
The opposite of tolerance is closed-mindedness. Arguments, fights and wars 47 (cause) by closed-mindedness from time to time. In contrast, humans 48 are open to differences will create a more peaceful world and have better opportunities in life whether through education, work or friendships. So having tolerance will change our life for the better, and make the world 49 better place. Difference is the spirit of humans and we should learn 50 (respect) it.
F
Friends make up a huge part of most people’s lives, but over time, friendships can fade (褪色) unless they 51 (maintain) carefully. Putting effort into friendships is key to 52 (enable) them to stay strong.
Scientists have found that friendship plays a 53 (significant) important role in our mental (心理的) health. Spending time with friends can increase our feelings of well-being, make us happy, 54 improve our overall mental health.
There is no one way 55 (keep) friendships for good. In fact, not every friendship is meant to last forever, and sometimes it might pain us. “Being yourself” is one of the 56 suggestions on making friends. To maintain strong friendships, you ought to try to be yourself so that you can exactly describe your needs and wants to someone else, giving them the opportunity to care for you in the best way.
Whoever your friends are, their actions are 57 your control. They may not choose to work toward being the best self they can be. 58 only one you can control is yourself. Therefore, you may sometimes have to learn how to let those friendships go, or learn to put 59 (distant) between you and the other person if you often feel 60 (misunderstand) or disrespected by them.
G
In today’s society, effective communication is of great importance. It not only helps us to convey our thoughts and feelings clearly, but also enables us to establish and maintain good interpersonal 61 (relation). However, achieving effective communication is not always easy. It requires careful consideration of various factors, such as tone of voice, body language, and the choice of words.
62 communicating with others, it is essential to be direct. This means expressing our thoughts and opinions in a clear and straightforward manner, 63 beating around the bush. Being direct can help avoid misunderstandings and confusion, and it shows respect for the other person’s time and attention.
Body language also plays a crucial role in communication. A simple smile, a nod of the head, or a raise of the eyebrow can convey a message 64 words alone cannot express. Therefore, it is important to be aware of our own body language and how it might 65 (interpret) by others.
Moreover, effective communication requires active 66 (listen). This means giving full attention to the speaker, nodding occasionally to show understanding, and avoiding interruptions. Active listening helps us to fully grasp the speaker’s intended meaning, and it demonstrates our interest and respect for their point of view.
In conclusion, effective communication is a complex process that involves a combination of verbal and non-verbal elements. By being direct, aware of our body language, and practicing active listening, we can greatly improve our ability 67 (communicate) effectively with others. Remember, good communication skills are a 68 (value) asset in both personal and professional life.
H
The American writer Mark Twain once 69 (say), “I can live for two months on a good compliment (赞美).” Perhaps his words sound theatrical, but it’s true that compliments can really make people feel good. They can give us the 70 (confident) we need to finish a project or to improve 71 (we). They can even turn a bad day into a good one.
Compliments also play 72 important role in social communication. They can be used 73 (greet) a friend or relatives, to start up a conversation at a party, or to show our appreciation to pliments are only meaningful, however, if they are sincere. In 74 (give) a compliment, we should not say anything we don’t really mean.
It is also important to know how to accept a compliment 75 (polite). For English-speakers, the best answer is often a simple “Thank you” 76 (speak) with a cheerful voice. Some compliments might also be acceptable, especially if the person 77 gave the compliment is trying to start up a conversation. For example, if someone compliments you on your clothing, you might mention when or where you bought it or some other bits of information. Another good way 78 (be) to offer a compliment in return.
I
Honesty is the best policy. But in many situations, people do not want the truth. Whether it’s a fact of life or a 79 (criticize) of their behavior, everyone has truths they want to ignore. These truths 80 (call) truth bombs. This metaphor shows truth can cause damage if not 81 (handle) well, so caution should be exercised when pointing out difficult truths.
Sometimes we drop truth bombs out of anger. We may rationalize (合理解释) our words by saying that we need to express our 82 (emotion) or to help change their ways. But often we use the truth as 83 weapon to make the other person feel bad and to repay them for what they did.
Truth bombs rarely lead to 84 (production) discussions because they trigger (触发) a defensive reaction. Over time, truth bombs can increase conflict and weaken trust in relationships. Also, truth bombs often fail 85 (represent) the whole truth. Anger can make it difficult to see the big picture.
Sometimes people do need to hear hard truths. Pretending that problems do not exist can weaken trust just as much as dropping truth bombs can. And failing to address problems in relationships can lead to resentment (怨恨), 86 may eventually boil over into conflict. By presenting truth and addressing problems 87 a constructive way, you can strengthen relationships and avoid the emotional damage that comes from using 88 (over) blunt (直言的) words.
J
In the field where philosophy and neuroscience overlap, few questions have fascinated and confused humanity as deeply as the concept of free will. At first glance, the idea that we have the power to make choices that are not predetermined 89 (seem) intuitive (直觉的). However, a closer examination reveals a complex web of philosophical arguments and scientific findings that challenge this seemingly straightforward concept.
From a philosophical standpoint, the debate around free will has continued 90 (intense) for patibilists argue free will can coexist with determinism, as long as our actions are 91 result of our own desires and motivations. For example, choosing a music career out of passion 92 (consider) as a free choice within this framework. In contrast, incompatibilists maintain free will and determinism are mutually exclusive. Hard determinists view the universe 93 a closed system governed by strict laws of nature, where every event, including human actions, is predetermined. In this view, the idea of free will is an illusion (幻觉).
Neuroscience has advanced markedly in decoding the brain, 94 (reveal) that many actions are preceded (先于) by neural activity. Studies on the brain’s reward system and neurotransmitters, particularly dopamine (多巴胺), further challenge the nature of free will. Addictive behaviors, for instance, can be strongly influenced by the brain’s response to dopamine. A person struggling with addiction may feel they lack the free will to resist it, as their brain chemistry has been altered in a way 95 forces them into acting.
The scientific evidence is not conclusive, though. Some argue that the neural activity 96 (observe) before conscious decisions may not be the cause of the action but rather part of the preparatory process for a decision that is still freely made. Additionally, the 97 (complex ) of the human brain and the fact that much of its functioning is still not fully understood leave room for the possibility of free will.
If free will is an illusion, it challenges our fundamental notions of moral responsibility. We praise and blame people for their actions because we believe they could have acted differently. How can we hold individuals accountable for their actions if they were never truly free to choose otherwise 98 free will, the essential moral framework of our societies would collapse into chaotic indifference. Free will is only an illusion if you are, too.
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参考答案
1．However 2．to say 3．In 4．solving 5．well 6．ways 7．are 8．truth 9．clearly 10．a
11．preferred/preferable 12．but 13．which 14．Comparing 15．to support 16．involvement 17．behavioral 18．it 19．that 20．more easily
21．emotional 22．on 23．occurred 24．was based 25．majority 26．finding 27．to appreciate 28．grateful 29．attitudes 30．that
31．chatting 32．different 33．will pretend 34．an 35．while 36．that 37．showed 38．their 39．talked 40．be kept
41．more diverse 42．countries 43．are 44．strength 45．valuing 46．in 47．are caused 48．who/that 49．a 50．to respect
51．are maintained 52．enabling 53． significantly 54．and 55．to keep 56．oldest 57．beyond 58．The 59．distance 60．misunderstood
61．relations 62．when 63．without 64．that/which 65．be interpreted 66．listening 67．to communicate 68．valuable
69．said 70．confidence 71．ourselves 72．an 73．to greet 74．giving 75．politely 76．spoken 77．who/that 78．is
79．criticism 80．are called 81．handled 82．emotions 83．a 84．productive 85．to represent 86．which 87．in 88．overly
89．seems 90．intensely 91．a 92．is considered 93．as 94．revealing 95．that/which 96．observed 97．complexity 98．Without
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