资源简介

中考英语一轮话题复习（十二）健康与天气
本专项按照“身体部位与疾病症状→看病就医与建议→健康生活方式→天气词汇与描述→天气预报与季节活动→健康与天气综合运用”的知识顺序编排。题型涵盖单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、任务型阅读、词汇运用、句型转换、情景交际、短文填空及书面表达，完全对标中考，题量充足，相当于40页标准试卷。建议分5-6课时完成，注重培养学生健康生活习惯及天气相关的交际能力。
第一部分 健康（Health）
1.1 核心知识梳理——健康
身体部位词汇： head, eye, ear, nose, mouth, tooth, neck, shoulder, arm, hand, finger, back, stomach, leg, knee, foot, toe, heart, lung, bone, skin.
常见疾病与症状： have a cold, have a fever, have a headache, have a stomachache, have a toothache, have a cough, have a sore throat, have a runny nose, feel dizzy, feel weak, have an allergy, break a leg, cut oneself.
看病就医： see a doctor, go to the hospital, take one’s temperature, take medicine, get an injection, have a check-up, stay in bed, drink plenty of water, get some rest.
医生询问： What’s wrong with you / What’s the matter / How long have you been like this / Do you have any other symptoms
病人描述： I feel terrible. / I have a fever. / My head hurts. / It started two days ago.
健康生活方式： do exercise, eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep, drink water, wash hands, keep clean, avoid junk food, reduce stress, give up smoking, limit screen time.
建议句型： You should / shouldn’t... / You’d better... / It’s important to... / Remember to... / Don’t forget to...
健康易错点： ① have a cold, have a fever 中冠词a不可省略。② “take medicine” 吃药，不说 “eat medicine”。③ “What’s wrong ” 后面不加 “with you ” 也可，但加更礼貌。④ “hurt” 可作及物动词：My leg hurts. / I hurt my leg.
第二部分 天气（Weather）
2.1 核心知识梳理——天气
天气形容词： sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy, snowy, foggy, stormy, icy, humid, dry, hot, warm, cool, cold, freezing, mild, pleasant, terrible.
名词形式： sun, cloud, rain, wind, snow, fog, storm, ice, humidity, temperature, degree, Celsius, Fahrenheit, forecast, climate, season.
询问天气： What’s the weather like today / How’s the weather / What’s the temperature
描述天气： It’s sunny/cloudy/rainy. / It’s raining/snowing. / The temperature is 25 degrees. / It’s going to rain tomorrow.
天气预报： The weather report says... / There will be... / It is expected to...
季节与活动： spring (warm, flowers bloom), summer (hot, go swimming), autumn (cool, harvest), winter (cold, make snowmen).
衣物与装备： umbrella, raincoat, boots, sunglasses, hat, scarf, gloves, sweater, coat.
天气易错点： ① “It’s rainy” 和 “It’s raining” 都对，前者强调状态，后者强调动作。② 温度单位 “degrees Celsius” (摄氏度)。③ “What’s the weather like ” 不能省略like。④ 雪和雨不可数：much rain, heavy snow。
三、专项考点·精巧练习
本部分练习题按照健康→天气→综合的顺序设计，题型丰富，难度递进，覆盖中考所有题型。
题型一：单项选择（共15小题，每小题1.5分）
1. —What’s wrong with you —I ______ a headache.
A. have B. has C. am D. feel
2. You should ______ some medicine and rest.
A. eat B. drink C. take D. have
3. —______ the weather like today —It’s sunny.
A. How’s B. What’s C. Why’s D. Where’s
4. It’s raining outside. Don’t forget to take your ______.
A. hat B. umbrella C. sunglasses D. scarf
5. She has a ______ throat, so she can’t speak loudly.
A. sore B. sweet C. sour D. soft
6. —I feel tired and weak. —You should ______ and get some rest.
A. lie down B. stand up C. run around D. stay up
7. The weather report says it ______ tomorrow.
A. will rain B. rains C. is raining D. rained
8. ______ is good for your health. You should do it every day.
A. Exercise B. Exercising C. To exercise D. All of the above
9. In summer, the temperature can reach 35 ______.
A. degrees B. degree C. centigrade D. A and C
10. I have a ______. I need to see a dentist.
A. headache B. stomachache C. toothache D. backache
11. —How’s the weather in Beijing in winter —It’s ______ and dry.
A. hot B. warm C. cool D. cold
12. To stay healthy, you should eat ______ vegetables and ______ junk food.
A. more; less B. less; more C. many; little D. little; much
13. —What’s the temperature —It’s ______ zero. It’s freezing.
A. above B. below C. over D. under
14. If you have a fever, you should ______ your temperature first.
A. take B. make C. do D. get
15. —______ do you exercise —Three times a week.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How far
题型二：完形填空（共10空，每空1.5分）
Last week, I didn’t feel well. I had a ___16___ and a cough. My mother took my temperature. It was 38.5°C. She said, “You have a fever. We need to ___17___ the doctor.” We went to the hospital. The doctor asked, “What’s the ___18___ ” I said, “I have a sore throat and I feel very tired.” The doctor examined me and said, “It’s just a cold. ___19___ this medicine three times a day and drink plenty of water. Also, get enough ___20___.” I followed the doctor’s advice. I stayed in bed for two days and drank a lot of water. My mother made chicken soup for me. On the third day, I ___21___ much better. I learned that when you are sick, rest and medicine are important. But the best way is to ___22___ getting sick. We should exercise regularly, eat healthy food, and wash hands often. ___23___ is very important too. If you don’t sleep enough, your body becomes weak. So now I go to bed before 10 p.m. every day. I also try to ___24___ stress by listening to music. I believe a healthy lifestyle can keep us away from ___25___.
16. A. headache B. toothache C. stomachache D. fever
17. A. see B. watch C. look D. find
18. A. weather B. matter C. wrong D. trouble
19. A. Eat B. Drink C. Take D. Have
20. A. food B. water C. rest D. air
21. A. felt B. feel C. falls D. fell
22. A. prevent B. cause C. treat D. ignore
23. A. Exercise B. Diet C. Sleep D. Medicine
24. A. increase B. reduce C. cause D. add
25. A. happiness B. illness C. sadness D. tiredness
题型三：阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分）
A. How to Prevent the Flu
The flu is a common illness that spreads easily, especially in winter. Here are some tips to protect yourself. First, get a flu shot every year. It is the best way to prevent the flu. Second, wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after coughing or sneezing. Third, avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth because germs enter the body that way. Fourth, stay away from people who are sick. If you are sick, stay home to avoid spreading it. Fifth, keep your immune system strong by eating healthy food, exercising, and getting enough sleep. Drink plenty of water and reduce stress. If you do get the flu, rest at home, drink fluids, and take medicine as directed by a doctor. Most people recover in a week or two. Remember, prevention is better than cure.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
26. What is the best way to prevent the flu
A. Wash hands B. Get a flu shot C. Stay at home D. Drink water
27. Why should you avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth
A. It hurts. B. Germs enter the body that way. C. It’s a bad habit. D. It causes colds.
28. What should you do if you get the flu
A. Go to work or school B. Stay home and rest C. Stop eating D. Take a cold shower
29. How long does it usually take to recover from the flu
A. A few days B. One week C. One or two weeks D. One month
30. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The flu is very dangerous. B. How to prevent and deal with the flu. C. Only old people get the flu. D. Medicine is not helpful.
B. Four Seasons in My Hometown
I live in a city with four distinct seasons. Spring comes in March. The weather gets warmer, and flowers start to bloom. It often rains, so the air is fresh. People like to go on picnics and fly kites. Summer is from June to August. It is hot and humid. The temperature can reach 35°C. Many people go swimming or eat ice cream to cool down. Sometimes there are thunderstorms. Autumn is my favorite season. The weather is cool and dry. The leaves turn yellow and red. It is a great time for hiking and camping. Winter is from December to February. It is cold and windy, but it seldom snows. The temperature often drops below zero. People wear coats, scarves, and gloves. During the Spring Festival, we have a lot of fun indoors. Each season has its own beauty. I love all of them.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
31. What is the weather like in spring
A. Hot and humid B. Cool and dry C. Warmer and rainy D. Cold and windy
32. What do people do in summer
A. Go hiking B. Go swimming C. Fly kites D. Make snowmen
33. Why is autumn the writer’s favorite season
A. Because it’s hot. B. Because it’s cool and good for outdoor activities. C. Because it snows. D. Because of the Spring Festival.
34. What is the weather like in winter
A. Hot and humid B. Warm and rainy C. Cold and windy, seldom snow D. Cool and dry
35. What does the writer think of the seasons
A. Only autumn is good. B. Winter is terrible. C. Each season has its beauty. D. Summer is the best.
题型四：任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分）
下面有五段健康问题，请为每个问题匹配最合适的建议。
健康问题：
A. I have a toothache. It hurts when I eat.
B. I feel very tired and have no energy.
C. I have a sore throat and a cough.
D. I can’t sleep well at night.
E. I often have a stomachache after eating spicy food.
建议：
1. You should go to bed at the same time every day. Avoid using phones before sleep.
2. You’d better see a dentist. Brush your teeth twice a day.
3. Stop eating spicy food. Eat mild food and drink warm water.
4. Get more rest and exercise regularly. Eat iron-rich food like spinach and red meat.
5. Drink honey water and avoid cold drinks. See a doctor if it gets worse.
36. A → ______ 37. B → ______ 38. C → ______ 39. D → ______ 40. E → ______
题型五：词汇运用（共10小题，每小题1.5分）
41. If you have a t__________, you should see a dentist.
42. The weather is f__________ (有雾的). Drive carefully.
43. You should take some m__________ and drink hot water.
44. In winter, the t__________ often drops below zero.
45. She has a s__________ throat because she talked too much.
46. It’s r__________ heavily. You’d better stay at home.
47. Doing e__________ (锻炼) every day keeps you healthy.
48. Don’t forget to take an u__________ (雨伞) with you.
49. He broke his leg and had to stay in h__________.
50. The weather report says it will be s__________ (晴朗的) tomorrow.
题型六：句型转换（共6小题，每小题2分）
51. You should drink more water. (改为否定句)
You __________ __________ more water.
52. The weather is very cold today. (改为感叹句)
__________ cold weather it is today!
53. She has a headache. (对划线部分提问)
__________ is wrong __________ her
54. I have a fever. (改为一般疑问句)
__________ you __________ a fever
55. The temperature is 28 degrees. (对划线部分提问)
__________ is the temperature
56. “What’s the weather like in your city ” he asked. (改为间接引语)
He asked what the weather __________ like in my city.
题型七：情景交际（共5空，每空2分）
根据对话情景，在空白处填上适当的句子，使对话完整。
A: Good morning, doctor.
B: Good morning. 57.________________________
A: I have a bad cough and a fever.
B: 58.________________________
A: Since yesterday evening.
B: Let me take your temperature. Oh, 38.5°C. You have a cold. 59.________________________.
A: What should I do
B: 60.________________________ three times a day and drink plenty of water. Also, get some rest.
A: Thank you, doctor.
B: 61.________________________. Get well soon!
题型八：短文填空（共10空，每空1.5分）
Last weekend, I planned to go hiking with my friends. But the weather ___62___ (be) terrible. It was raining ___63___ (heavy) in the morning. So we decided to stay at home. I ___64___ (feel) a little bored. Then my mother said, “Let’s cook together.” We ___65___ (make) vegetable soup and dumplings. It was fun. In the afternoon, the rain stopped and the sun came out. The weather became ___66___ (sun). We went to the park. The air was fresh. We ___67___ (fly) kites and played soccer. I ___68___ (have) a great time. However, I didn’t wear enough clothes. The wind was cold. At night, I ___69___ (catch) a cold. My mother gave me some medicine. Now I know that I should always check the weather ___70___ (report) before going out. And I should dress ___71___ (proper) for the weather.
题型九：书面表达（满分15分）
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike来信说他最近总是感冒，感觉很疲惫。请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信，给出健康建议。
要点：1. 表示关心和理解；2. 分析可能的原因（如缺乏锻炼、睡眠不足等）；3. 给出至少三条健康建议（运动、饮食、作息等方面）；4. 表达祝愿。
要求：词数80-100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。语言流畅，逻辑清晰，语气真诚。
Dear Mike,
I’m sorry to hear that you’ve been catching colds and feeling tired. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Take care and stay healthy!
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案及解析
单项选择答案：
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. B
完形填空答案：
16. D 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. B
阅读理解答案：
26. B 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C
任务型阅读答案：
36. 2 37. 4 38. 5 39. 1 40. 3
词汇运用答案：
41. toothache 42. foggy 43. medicine 44. temperature 45. sore 46. raining 47. exercise 48. umbrella 49. hospital 50. sunny
句型转换答案：
51. shouldn’t drink 52. What 53. What; with 54. Do; have 55. What 56. was
情景交际答案（参考）：
57. What’s wrong with you / What’s the matter 58. How long have you been like this 59. You have a cold. / You need some medicine. 60. Take this medicine 61. You’re welcome.
短文填空答案：
62. was 63. heavily 64. felt 65. made 66. sunny 67. flew 68. had 69. caught 70. report 71. properly
书面表达参考范文：
Dear Mike,
I’m sorry to hear that you’ve been catching colds and feeling tired. Maybe you don’t get enough sleep or exercise. Let me give you some advice. First, try to exercise for 30 minutes every day, like jogging or playing ball games. It will make you stronger. Second, eat more fruits and vegetables, and drink plenty of water. Avoid junk food. Third, get at least eight hours of sleep each night. Good sleep helps your body recover. Also, don’t forget to wash your hands often. I hope you will feel better soon. Take care!
Yours,
Li Hua
2/2

展开更多......

收起↑