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高考英语模拟阅读理解：瑞士海狸管理挑战
高考英语模拟阅读理解：瑞士海狸管理挑战
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Beavers in Switzerland: A Management Challenge
Beavers, known as nature's great engineers, can cause problems in winter. They renovate their lodges and build dams, which may lead to flooding, sinkholes on roads, and fallen trees. A single incident can result in damages worth 70,000 Swiss francs.
To deal with these issues, the canton of Zurich, rich in beavers, set up a hotline. The local Beaver Advisory Centre, staffed by ecologists, offers advice, assesses damages, and evaluates potential compensation.
Switzerland is witnessing a beaver boom. In 2008, there were 1,600 beavers, and by 2022, the number had increased to 4,900, likely rising further since then. Since their re-introduction in 1956, no beaver has been legally killed in Switzerland.
The Swiss approach to rewilding is not a hands-off one. Its success lies in extensive state management and support. The effectiveness of culling beavers is questioned in Switzerland.
What problems can beavers cause in winter according to the passage
A. They can lead to droughts and fewer trees.
B. They may bring about floods, sinkholes and fallen trees.
C. They only make the roads in bad condition.
D. They cause fires and damage to crops.
What does the underlined word “culling” in the passage probably mean
A. Protecting.
B. Saving.
C. Hunting and killing.
D. Raising.
We can infer from the passage that the Swiss beaver management policy ________.
A. focuses on hands-off and natural development
B. mainly depends on shooting beavers
C. emphasizes state management and support
D. has no effect on beaver population control
What is the best title for this passage
A. The Life of Beavers in Switzerland
B. The Dangers Beavers Bring in Winter
C. Beavers in Switzerland: A Management Challenge
D. The Increase of Beavers in Zurich
答案及解析
1. 【答案】B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They renovate their lodges and build dams, which may lead to flooding, sinkholes on roads, and fallen trees.”可知，海狸冬季活动会导致洪水、路面塌陷和树木倒下等问题，故选B。
2. 【答案】C
【解析】 词义猜测题。文章中提到瑞士自1956年重新引入海狸后没有合法捕杀过海狸，以及对捕杀海狸有效性的质疑，可推测“culling”是“捕杀、猎取”的意思，与C选项“Hunting and killing”相符。
3. 【答案】C
【解析】 推理判断题。文中提到“The Swiss approach to rewilding is not a hands-off one. Its success lies in extensive state management and support.”，由此可以推断出瑞士的海狸管理政策强调国家管理和支持，故选C。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】 主旨大意题。文章开篇介绍海狸冬季活动带来的问题，接着说明苏黎世设立热线和咨询中心应对，又提到瑞士海狸数量增长，最后指出瑞士的管理方式以及对捕杀海狸有效性的质疑，C选项最能概括全文主旨。高考英语模拟阅读理解：野生动物旅游的伦理
高考英语模拟阅读理解：野生动物旅游的伦理
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The Ethics of Wildlife Tourism
Imagining a polar bear somersaulting above one's head is quite a scene. In the wild, it's an impossible and life-threatening scenario. However, in Winnipeg's Assiniboine Park Zoo in Canada, people can daily watch this apex predator swim through a water tunnel.
Even though zoos have good intentions, use scientific methods, and try to create a natural environment, there's still a sense of discomfort. Some cases of animal cruelty in wildlife tourism are obvious, like elephant rides in Thailand, swimming with dolphins in Dubai, and petting captive-bred lions in South Africa. But the ethics of wildlife tourism are complex. It's not easy to distinguish right from wrong.
Zoos and sanctuaries can play an important role in species conservation and raising public awareness. As Candice Buchan, Head of Rainbow Tours, says, "Not all these experiences are 100 per cent negative." Sometimes, they can offer educational value.
Which of the following is an obvious case of animal cruelty in wildlife tourism mentioned in the passage
A. Watching a polar bear swim in a zoo.
B. Elephant rides in Thailand.
C. Visiting a wildlife sanctuary.
D. Observing wild animals in their natural habitat.
What does the underlined phrase “apex predator” in the passage probably mean
A. A cute and friendly animal.
B. A top-level predator in the food chain.
C. A small and harmless creature.
D. An animal that only eats plants.
We can infer from the passage that zoos and sanctuaries ________.
A. are always negative for animals
B. have no educational value at all
C. can contribute to species conservation and public awareness
D. should be completely banned
What is the best title for this passage
A. The Beauty of Polar Bears in Zoos
B. The Obvious Cases of Animal Cruelty
C. The Ethics of Wildlife Tourism
D. The Role of Sanctuaries in Conservation
答案及解析
1. 【答案】B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Some cases of animal cruelty in wildlife tourism are obvious, like elephant rides in Thailand...”可知，泰国的大象骑行是文中提到的野生动物旅游中明显的动物虐待案例，故选B。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】 词义猜测题。文章中提到在动物园里人们可以看到“apex predator”（指北极熊）在水隧道里游泳，结合常识，北极熊是处于食物链顶端的食肉动物，因此“apex predator”意为“食物链中的顶级掠食者”，与B选项相符。
3. 【答案】C
【解析】 推理判断题。文中提到“Zoos and sanctuaries can play an important role in species conservation and raising public awareness.”以及“Sometimes, they can offer educational value.”，由此可以推断出动物园和保护区能够对物种保护和提高公众意识做出贡献，故选C。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】 主旨大意题。文章开篇以北极熊在动物园的场景引入，接着讨论了野生动物旅游中存在的动物虐待现象，然后指出野生动物旅游的伦理问题很复杂，最后提到动物园和保护区的积极作用，C选项最能概括全文主旨。高考英语模拟阅读理解：玻利维亚恐龙足迹发现
高考英语模拟阅读理解：玻利维亚恐龙足迹发现
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Once upon a time, there was a legend. The large, three-toed footprints spread across the central highlands of Bolivia were thought to be from supernaturally strong monsters. This legend made children very afraid.
In the 1960s, scientists came to this area. They managed to dispel children's fears. After careful research, they found that these strange footprints actually belonged to gigantic, two-legged dinosaurs. These dinosaurs stomped and splashed in the ancient waterways over 60 million years ago. Now, this place has become a village and a popular national park called Toro Toro in the Bolivian Andes.
A team of paleontologists, mainly from California's Loma Linda University, have made an important discovery. They have discovered and carefully documented 16,600 such footprints left by theropods. Theropods are a dinosaur group that includes the Tyrannosaurus rex.
Their study, based on six-year regular field visits and published in the peer-reviewed journal PLOS One, shows that this finding represents the highest number of theropod footprints recorded anywhere in the world. It is really a remarkable discovery.
What were the large, three-toed footprints in Bolivia initially believed to be from
A. Gigantic, two-legged dinosaurs.
B. Supernaturally strong monsters.
C. Ancient humans living in the highlands.
D. Mysterious creatures from the sea.
What does the underlined word “dispel” in the passage probably mean
A. Create.
B. Increase.
C. Remove.
D. Confirm.
We can infer from the passage that the discovery of 16,600 theropod footprints in Bolivia ________.
A. will have no impact on the study of dinosaurs
B. might lead to more paleontological research in Toro Toro
C. is just an ordinary finding in the field of paleontology
D. won't attract the attention of other research institutions
Which of the following can be the best title for this passage
A. The Mysterious Monsters in Bolivia
B. The History of Toro Toro National Park
C. The Discovery of Massive Dinosaur Footprints in Bolivia
D. The Research on Theropods in California
答案及解析
1. 【答案】B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The large, three-toed footprints... were thought to be from supernaturally strong monsters.”可知，玻利维亚的这些大的三趾足迹最初被认为是来自超自然强大的怪物，故选B。
2. 【答案】C
【解析】 词义猜测题。文章中提到科学家来到这里应该是消除（Remove）孩子们对怪物传说的恐惧，“dispel”意思是“消除、驱散”，故选C。
3. 【答案】B
【解析】 推理判断题。文中提到此次发现是世界上记录到的兽脚亚目恐龙足迹数量最多的一次，这一重大发现很可能会吸引更多的古生物学家前往该地区（Toro Toro）进行研究，故选B。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了在玻利维亚发现了大量兽脚亚目恐龙的足迹这一事件，C选项“玻利维亚发现大量恐龙足迹”最能概括全文主旨。高考英语模拟阅读理解：动物的哀悼行为
高考英语模拟阅读理解：动物的哀悼行为
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Why Some Animals Appear to Mourn Their Dead
Last month, off the coast of Washington State, a female killer whale was seen pushing the body of her dead newborn calf, repeatedly retrieving it to prevent it from sinking. This heart-wrenching scene seems to be a manifestation of the urge to retain bonds with the deceased loved one, as Becky Millar, a researcher in the philosophy of cognitive sciences at Cardiff University, pointed out.
There isn't just anecdotal evidence. Empirical studies also back the theory that some animals, at least, experience emotions akin to grief. Laboratory studies have shown that infant primates, when faced with the sudden loss of their mothers, go through phases of grief, characterized by wailing and crying, followed by a gradual detachment from the world.
Some animals even display ritualistic behaviors after a death, similar to human funerals. Elephants, for instance, are known to visit the remains of family members and strangers. These actions imply a deeper emotional connection and perhaps a form of remembrance.
The existence of animal mourning behavior challenges our traditional understanding of animals as beings without complex emotions. It makes us realize that animals may have a more profound emotional life than we previously thought, and that their ways of expressing grief are not so different from ours. This phenomenon not only enriches our knowledge of the animal kingdom but also prompts us to respect and protect these sentient beings more.
What did the female killer whale do off the coast of Washington State last month
A. She swam away from her dead calf.
B. She pushed and retrieved her dead calf's body.
C. She attacked other whales near her dead calf.
D. She buried her dead calf in the sand.
What does the underlined phrase “akin to” in the second paragraph probably mean
A. Different from
B. Similar to
C. Opposite to
D. Superior to
We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. primates only show grief when they lose their mothers
B. elephants' visiting the remains of family members is a simple coincidence
C. animals' mourning behaviors suggest they have complex emotions
D. animals' mourning behaviors are exactly the same as human's
What is the best title for this passage
A. The Heart-wrenching Scene of a Killer Whale
B. Empirical Studies on Animal Emotions
C. Why Some Animals Appear to Mourn Their Dead
D. The Ritualistic Behaviors of Elephants
答案及解析
1. 【答案】B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“...a female killer whale was seen pushing the body of her dead newborn calf, repeatedly retrieving it to prevent it from sinking.”可知，虎鲸母亲推动并反复捞回死去幼崽的尸体，故选B。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】 词义猜测题。结合第二段上下文，前文提到虎鲸母亲对死去幼崽的不舍行为，后文举例灵长类动物失去母亲后有类似悲伤的表现，因此“akin to”意为“类似于”，与B选项“Similar to”相符。
3. 【答案】C
【解析】 推理判断题。文章通过灵长类动物和象群的哀悼行为，暗示动物可能具有复杂的情感，C选项符合文意。A选项过于绝对；B选项与文中暗示的情感连接不符；D选项中“exactly the same”表述错误。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】 主旨大意题。文章从虎鲸案例引入，结合科学研究和不同物种的行为，探讨了动物哀悼行为及其意义，C选项最能概括全文主旨。高考英语模拟阅读理解：海藻采矿——未来的潜在能源
高考英语模拟阅读理解：海藻采矿——未来的潜在能源
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Seaweed Mining: A Potential Future Power Source
Seaweed is a highly versatile marine plant. It offers a habitat for marine life, protects coastlines, and absorbs carbon dioxide. In the United States, scientists are now exploring another valuable aspect of seaweed: its potential as a source of precious minerals.
The Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), a branch of the U.S. Department of Energy, focuses on high-potential energy technology projects. ARPA-E is willing to take risks in the hope of big rewards.
So far, the agency has granted $5 million to three projects to investigate whether seaweed can be a practical source of crucial materials. These valuable elements, which seaweed can capture and concentrate, are essential for the green-energy transition and for technology in general. Seaweed might offer an alternative to traditional mining methods.
What are the traditional roles of seaweed according to the passage
A. It can only provide a habitat for marine life.
B. It can protect coastlines and absorb carbon dioxide.
C. It can only be used as a source of precious minerals.
D. It can help with the green-energy transition directly.
What does the underlined word “versatile” in the passage probably mean
A. Easily damaged.
B. Having many uses.
C. Difficult to handle.
D. Very rare.
We can infer from the passage that the purpose of ARPA-E's funding three projects is to ________.
A. make more money from seaweed mining
B. prove that seaweed is useless for green-energy transition
C. find out if seaweed can be a practical source of crucial materials
D. stop traditional mining methods completely
What is the best title for this passage
A. The Traditional Uses of Seaweed
B. ARPA-E's New Projects
C. Seaweed Mining: A Potential Future Power Source
D. The Importance of Green-Energy Transition
答案及解析
1. 【答案】B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It offers a habitat for marine life, protects coastlines, and absorbs carbon dioxide.”可知，海藻的传统作用是为海洋生物提供栖息地、保护海岸线和吸收二氧化碳，故选B。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】 词义猜测题。文章中提到海藻能为海洋生物提供栖息地、保护海岸线、吸收二氧化碳，现在还在探索它作为珍贵矿物质来源的作用，说明海藻有很多用途，因此“versatile”意为“有多种用途的”，与B选项“Having many uses”相符。
3. 【答案】C
【解析】 推理判断题。文中提到“So far, the agency has granted $5 million to three projects to investigate whether seaweed can be a practical source of crucial materials.”，由此可以推断出ARPA-E资助这三个项目的目的是弄清楚海藻是否能成为关键材料的实用来源，故选C。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】 主旨大意题。文章开篇点明“Seaweed Mining: A Potential Future Power Source”，接着介绍了海藻的传统作用以及科学家对其作为珍贵矿物质来源的探索，最后指出海藻可能是传统采矿的替代方法，C选项最能概括全文主旨。高考英语模拟阅读理解：2025年有趣的动物故事
高考英语模拟阅读理解：2025年有趣的动物故事
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
These Are Our Favorite Animal Stories of 2025
In 2025, there were some really interesting animal stories.
Mischievous Mealtime
Narwhals, the Arctic whales, seem to have a lot of fun during mealtime. They use their well-known tusks to poke, prod and maybe play with their prey. Researchers caught these so-called "underwater unicorns" seemingly enjoying themselves with their future food. Aerial videos show that narwhals gently move their spiraled teeth against the bodies of Arctic chars, making the fish change their course. They also flip the sea life. Researchers believe this is for entertainment, indicating that these whales might like to have some fun.
Thirst-quenching Claws
Australian cockatoos have created a new drinking habit. On extremely hot days in Sydney, smart sulfur-crested cockatoos gather at local drinking fountains to drink fresh water. They hold the side of the basin with one foot while using their beaks to drink.
These stories show the interesting behaviors of animals, making us see that animals also have their own unique ways of living and having fun.
How do narwhals treat their prey according to the passage
A. They directly swallow their prey.
B. They use their tails to hit the prey.
C. They poke, prod and play with the prey.
D. They ignore the prey and swim away.
What does the underlined word “mischievous” in the passage probably mean
A. Shy and quiet.
B. Naughty and playful.
C. Serious and calm.
D. Lazy and slow.
We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. cockatoos only drink water from fountains in summer
B. cockatoos' new drinking habit is due to the hot weather
C. cockatoos will stop using fountains when the weather gets cold
D. cockatoos have to queue up to drink water from fountains
What is the best title for this passage
A. The Eating Habits of Narwhals
B. The Drinking Culture of Cockatoos
C. Our Favorite Animal Stories in 2025
D. The Unique Behaviors of Arctic Animals
答案及解析
1. 【答案】C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They use their well-known tusks to poke, prod and maybe play with their prey.”可知，一角鲸用长牙戳、刺并玩弄它们的猎物，故选C。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】 词义猜测题。文章描述一角鲸在进食时用长牙戳、刺并玩弄猎物，表现出很有趣、调皮的行为，因此“mischievous”意为“调皮的、爱玩耍的”，与B选项“Naughty and playful”相符。
3. 【答案】B
【解析】 推理判断题。文中提到“On extremely hot days in Sydney, smart sulfur-crested cockatoos gather at local drinking fountains...”，说明凤头鹦鹉聚集在饮水机喝水是因为悉尼炎热的天气，由此可以推断出凤头鹦鹉新的饮水习惯是由于炎热天气导致的，故选B。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】 主旨大意题。文章开篇点明“In 2025, there were some really interesting animal stories.”，然后分别讲述了一角鲸和凤头鹦鹉的有趣故事，C选项最能概括全文主旨。

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