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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 任务型阅读和选词填空 强化练
2025-2026学年下学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册
一、任务型阅读
Mount Huangshan
Mount Huangshan is in the south of Anhui Province. It is one of the most famous mountains in China. It is also one of the greatest natural wonders in the world.
Mount Huangshan is famous for four wonders: strange pine trees, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. Every year, millions of tourists come to visit it.
The strange pine trees are very special. They grow in the rocks. Some are tall and some are short. Some are straight and some are curved.
The strange rocks have different shapes. Some look like animals, such as monkeys, lions and camels. Some look like humans.
The sea of clouds is very beautiful. When you stand on the top of the mountain, you can see clouds around you. It looks like a wonderful world.
The hot springs are clear and clean. They can help people keep healthy.
Many people say Mount Huangshan is the most beautiful mountain in China. If you visit it, you will never forget it.
1．Where is Mount Huangshan?
2．What are the four wonders of Mount Huangshan?
3．Where do the strange pine trees grow?
4．What do the strange rocks look like?
5．What can the hot springs help people do?
阅读下面材料，从选项中所给的五个选项中选出正确选项（其中一项是多余选项），将其序号填入第1-4小题，并回答第5小题。
It’s hard to imagine a place that’s more extreme than Death Valley in California. Death Valley is the hottest and the driest place in North America.
Death Valley isn’t an easy place to live. It’s also extremely hot In July, temperatures often climb to over 49℃. The ground is mostly sand and rocks. There is even a dried-up lake that turns into salt crystals (结晶).
None of this stops plants and animals from making Death Valley their home. People find more than 1,000 types of plants there. It also has 51 types of mammals (哺乳动物), 36 kinds of reptiles (爬行动物), 6 types of fish, and more than 300 kinds of birds. There are big ones like bighorn sheep, mountain lions, and mule deer.
Some plants have roots that go deep under the ground to find water. Kangaroo rats get the water they need from the seeds (种子). Tiny pupfish can live in water that is 33℃ and five times as salty as the ocean!
A．Yet Death Valley is full of life.
B．The animals aren’t all small either.
C．There is a lot of water in Death Valley.
D．It gets little rain a year, so there isn’t much water there.
E．Water is the biggest challenge for anything that lives in Death Valley.
6．
7．
8．
9．
10．Please write a title for this text. (不超过 10 词)
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容简要回答下列问题。
Nature provides us with beautiful wonders, from high mountains to clear rivers, from colorful flowers to lovely animals. These wonders make our world more beautiful and livable. However, many of these natural wonders are facing threats from human activities. It is our duty to protect them and keep their beauty forever.
Spend time getting to know nature. Take trips to natural places, observe the plants and animals, and learn about their living habits. The more you understand nature, the more you will cherish it. You can also read books or watch documentaries about nature to learn more about its wonders.
Reduce pollution in daily life. Do not throw rubbish into rivers or on the ground. Use reusable bags instead of plastic bags, and try to save water and electricity. These small actions can help reduce damage to nature and protect its wonders.
Join nature protection activities. Many organizations hold activities to plant trees, clean up scenic areas and protect wild animals. You can join these activities with your family or friends to make a difference. Encourage your relatives and friends to protect nature too.
Respect the rules of nature. Do not pick flowers, cut down trees or feed wild animals. Every living thing in nature has its own way to survive, and we should not interfere with them. By respecting nature’s rules, we can live in harmony with it.
11．What does nature provide us with?
12．What is our duty to natural wonders?
13．How can we learn more about nature’s wonders?
14．What small actions can we take to reduce pollution?
15．(Open question) What else can we do to protect the wonders of nature?
二、选词填空
从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。
A．through????B．Africa????C． important????D．usually
E. an ????F. Because ????G. nature ????H. deepest
I. are ????J. Unless ????K. second ????L. going
The Congo River (刚果河) is a famous river in 16 . The Kingdom of Congo got its name from the founder of the kingdom. It was 17 ancient country on its banks.
The Congo River is the 18 longest river in Africa and the 19 river in the world. This river runs for about 2,920 miles before 20 into the Atlantic Ocean.
The river runs 21 several African countries. 22 the Congo River runs across the equator (赤道) , the water in this river is 23 warm.
As we all know, there is a large desert in Africa, but there 24 many forests along the river. Many plants and animals live along the river. It’s very 25 to Africans.
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次(有两个多余)。
wonder, huge, deep, visit, amazing, climb, nature, clear, stand, hear, busy, study
I love 26 very much. Last month, I went to 27 the Yellowstone National Park with my friends. It’s one of the most famous parks in the US.
When we first arrived, we saw a 28 lake. The water was so 29 that we could see the stones at the bottom. Then we walked to a waterfall. It was 30 and the sound was very loud. We felt small when we 31 in front of it.
The next day, we 32 a mountain. On the way up, we 33 some birds singing in the trees. When we got to the top, the view was 34 . We could see forests, lakes and rivers all around. We all agreed that it was a great 35 of nature.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。
rain; but; leaf; they; for; scientist; control; grow; anywhere; depend
What will you see in a forest? Trees! But other plants and many animals live there too. Which ones? Well, it 36 on the kind of forest you visit and where in the forest you look. 37 divide forests into three main kinds.
Taiga forests—Taiga forests are also known as evergreen forests. You can find 38 in the far north. They have a long winter and a short summer. Is it too cold for evergreens 39 there? Many people are interested in it. In fact, the weather is so cold that many kinds of trees can’t live there, 40 evergreens can grow there.
Temperate (温带的) forests—Most temperate forests are broad-leaf forests. They’re good at using summer sunlight to make food 41 the trees. But they’re not strong enough for the winter, the 42 fall in the fall and new ones grow each year.
Rainforests—You can find rainforests near the equator (赤道). They play an important part in 43 the climate. In most of these forests, it’s 44 every day. Sometimes, it rains heavily. That’s why we call them rainforests. Rainforests have only one season—hot summer all year around. More kinds of animals live in rainforests than 45 else in the world.
参考答案
1．It is in the south of Anhui Province. 2．They are strange pine trees, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. 3．They grow in the rocks. 4．Some look like animals and some look like humans. 5．They can help people keep healthy.
【导语】本文介绍了安徽黄山的地理位置与四大奇观，展现黄山绝美风光，点明黄山美景令人难忘。
1．第一段首句“Mount Huangshan is in the south of Anhui Province.”直接点明黄山的具体地理位置，答案直接从原文中提取即可。
2．第二段“Mount Huangshan is famous for four wonders: strange pine trees, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs.”明确列举了黄山的四大奇观，答案直接从原文中提取即可。
3．第三段“The strange pine trees are very special. They grow in the rocks.”明确说明奇松的生长环境，属于直接信息提取题，重点提取“in the rocks”即可。
4．第四段“Some look like animals, such as monkeys, lions and camels. Some look like humans.”详细描述了奇石的形态，核心特征是 “像动物或人类”，需整合关键信息作答。
5．第六段“The hot springs are clear and clean. They can help people keep healthy.”直接说明温泉的功能，属于直接信息提取题，重点提取“keep healthy”即可。
6．D 7．E 8．B 9．A 10．The Challenge of Living in Death Valley(答案不唯一， 言之有理即可)
【导语】本文主要讲述了死亡谷虽然极端荒凉，但生命依然能找到方式蓬勃存在。
6．首段“Death Valley is the hottest and the driest place in North America.”表明死亡谷是北美最热、最干燥的地方，选项D“它每年雨水不多，因此那里水源很少。”直接解释了其干燥的原因，选项D符合语境。
7．第二段“Death Valley isn’t an easy place to live.”说明死亡谷存在很大的生存挑战，下文还表达了当地气温很高。选项E“水是对在死亡谷生存的任何生物而言最大的挑战。”起到了承上启下的作用，既延续了生存困难的话题，又引出下文“...mostly sand and rocks”等缺水现象。
8．第三段空格前列举了多种动物，空格后接着举例还有一些大型动物，选项B“动物也不全都是小的”符合语境。
9．上文一直在讲死亡谷生存条件恶劣，空格后举例了一些动植物具体适应方式的例子，如有些植物的根会深深扎入地下以寻找水源等；选项A“然而死亡谷充满了生命”表示转折符合语境。
10．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，基于文章主旨大意拟写标题即可，注意不要超过10个词。
11．It provides us with beautiful wonders, from high mountains to clear rivers, from colorful flowers to lovely animals. 12．It is our duty to protect them and keep their beauty forever. 13．We can take trips to natural places, observe the plants and animals, and read books or watch documentaries about nature. 14．We can avoid throwing rubbish into rivers or on the ground, use reusable bags instead of plastic bags, and try to save water and electricity. 15．We can tell more people about the importance of protecting natural wonders.
【导语】本文主要介绍了自然奇观面临的威胁以及保护自然奇观的四种方法：了解自然、减少污染、参与保护活动、尊重自然规则。
11．第一段“Nature provides us with beautiful wonders, from high mountains to clear rivers, from colorful flowers to lovely animals”介绍了自然为我们提供了美丽的奇观，包括高山、河流、花朵、动物等。
12．第一段“It is our duty to protect them and keep their beauty forever”介绍了我们的责任是保护自然奇观并永远保持它们的美丽。
13．第二段“Take trips to natural places, observe the plants and animals, and learn about their living habits. You can also read books or watch documentaries about nature”介绍了我们可以通过旅行、观察动植物、阅读书籍、观看纪录片等方式了解更多自然奇观。
14．第三段“Do not throw rubbish into rivers or on the ground. Use reusable bags instead of plastic bags, and try to save water and electricity”介绍了我们可以采取的小行动包括不乱扔垃圾、使用可重复使用的袋子、节约水电。
15．这是一个开放式问题，要求回答者结合文中已提到的保护方式 (了解自然、减少污染、参与保护活动、尊重自然规则) 之外，补充其他可行的保护措施。
16．B 17．E 18．K 19．H 20．L 21．A 22．F 23．D 24．I 25．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了刚果河的位置、深度、长度、流经路线、温暖的河水、沿岸茂密的森林，以及它对非洲的重要性。
16．句意：刚果河是非洲一条著名的河流。根据“The Congo River is a famous river in ...”可知，刚果河位于非洲。故选B。
17．句意：它是河岸上的一个古国。根据“ancient country ”可知，此处泛指一个古老国家，ancient以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故选E。
18．句意：刚果河是非洲第二长河。根据“ the ... longest river in Africa”可知，刚果河是非洲第二长河，the + 序数词 + longest表示“第几长”。故选K。
19．句意：也是世界上最深的河流。根据“the ... river in the world”可知，刚果河是世界上最深的河流，此处用形容词最高级。故选H。
20．句意：这条河绵延约 2920 英里，然后流入大西洋。根据“into”可知，go into意为“流入”。介词before后接动名词。故选L。
21．句意：这条河流穿过好几个非洲国家。根据“runs ... several African countries”可知，这里指的是流经，run through“穿过；流经”。故选A。
22．句意：因为刚果河流经赤道，河里的水通常是温暖的。根据“runs across the equator ... warm”可知，空后解释河水温暖的原因，需用连词Because表原因。故选F。
23．句意：因为刚果河流经赤道，河里的水通常是温暖的。根据前句可知，刚果河流经赤道，河里的水通常是温暖的。故选D。
24．句意：众所周知，非洲有一片大沙漠，但沿河有很多森林。根据“there ... many forests”可知，there be句型中，主语many forests是复数，be动词用are。故选I。
25．句意：它对非洲人来说非常重要。根据短文内容可知，刚果河对非洲人很重要。故选C。
26．nature 27．visit 28．huge 29．clear 30．deep 31．stood 32．climbed 33．heard 34．amazing 35．wonder
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了上个月和朋友们一起去黄石国家公园游玩的经历，描绘了深邃清澈的湖泊、巨大的瀑布以及壮丽的山顶风光，表达了对大自然奇迹的赞叹之情。
26．句意：我非常热爱大自然。此处需要一个名词，在句中作动词“love”的宾语。因为后文详细描述了作者去黄石国家公园看湖泊、看瀑布和爬山的经历，这说明作者热爱自然景观，所以选择nature。故填nature。
27．句意：上个月，我和朋友们去参观了黄石国家公园。此处需要一个动词，在句中作目的状语。因为后文宾语为“the Yellowstone National Park”，去国家公园的目的通常是游览参观，所以选择visit。因为固定结构“go to do sth.”不定式符号to后需接动词原形。故填visit。
28．句意：我们刚到的时候，看到了一个巨大的湖泊。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词“lake”。因为黄石公园以广阔的湖泊闻名，a huge lake“一个巨大的湖泊”是描写此类自然风景时非常地道的搭配，表示湖面极其宽广，所以选择huge。故填huge。
29．句意：湖水清澈见底，我们能看到湖底的石头。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语。因为后文提到“that we could see the stones at the bottom”，能一眼看透水底说明水质非常清澈，所以选择clear。因为固定句型“so…that…”中so后需接形容词或副词原级。故填clear。
30．句意：瀑布很深，水声震耳欲聋。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语。因为后文提到巨大的水声以及让人感到渺小，用以形容瀑布的落差极深或峡谷的深邃，给人带来强烈的压迫感与震撼，所以选择deep“深的”。故填deep。
31．句意：站在它面前时，我们感觉自己很渺小。此处需要一个动词，在句中作时间状语从句的谓语。因为语境表达的是站立在瀑布前面仰望，所以选择stand。因为主句谓语“felt”提示这是一般过去时的语境，从句时态需保持一致，stand的过去式为不规则变化。故填stood。
32．句意：第二天，我们去爬了山。此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语。因为后文宾语为“a mountain”（一座山），表示登山运动的固定搭配为“climb a mountain”，所以选择climb。因为通篇讲述的是上个月发生的旅行经历，动词应用一般过去时。故填climbed。
33．句意：上山的路上，我们听到一些鸟儿在树上歌唱。此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语。因为后文接有宾语及宾语补足语“some birds singing”，表示通过耳朵察觉到鸟儿的声音，符合结构“hear sb./sth.doing sth.”，所以选择hear。因为动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填heard。
34．句意：到达山顶时，景色令人惊叹。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语。因为前文提到成功登顶，且后文描述能将四周的森林、湖泊和河流尽收眼底，说明视野极佳、景色绝美，所以选择amazing。故填amazing。
35．句意：我们都认为这是大自然的一大奇观。此处需要一个名词，在句中作表语。因为前文描绘了公园内众多震撼人心的宏伟景观，且“a wonder of nature”是常用固定搭配，意为“大自然的奇迹”，所以选择wonder。因为空前有不定冠词“a”，需填入单数名词。故填wonder。
36．depends 37．Scientists 38．them 39．to grow 40．but 41．for 42．leaves 43．controlling 44．rainy 45．anywhere
【导语】本文主要介绍了森林的三种主要类型：针叶林、温带森林和热带雨林，并分别说明了它们的分布、气候特点及生态特征。
36．句意：这取决于你参观的森林类型以及你在森林里的观察位置。根据“it...on the kind of forest...”可知，此处考查短语“depend on”（取决于），“it”作主语，一般现在时中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填depends。
37．句意：科学家将森林分为三种主要类型。 此处需要一个表示人的名词作主语，“science”（科学）对应的表示人的名词是“scientist”（科学家），根据“divide”（原形）可知主语用复数形式，句首单词首字母大写，故填Scientists。
38．句意：你可以在遥远的北方找到它们（指代泰加林）。 此处指代前面的“Taiga forests”，作宾语，应用人称代词宾格“them”，故填them。
39．句意：那里对于常绿树来说太冷了而无法生长吗？根据“Is it too cold for evergreens...there?”可知，此处考查“too...to...”（太……而不能……）结构，不定式作结果状语，故填to grow。
40．句意：事实上，天气如此寒冷以至于很多种类的树无法在那里生长，但是常绿树可以在那里生长。前面说“many kinds of trees can't live there”（很多树无法生长），后面说“evergreens can grow there”（常绿树可以生长），前后句意存在转折关系，应用“but”（但是）连接，故填but。
41．句意：它们擅长利用夏季的阳光为树木制造食物。此处表示“为树木制造食物”，应用介词“for”（为了），故填for。
42．句意：但是它们在冬天不够强壮，树叶在秋天落下，每年都有新的树叶生长。此处指代“trees”的叶子，“leaf”（叶子）是可数名词，根据“fall”（原形）可知主语用复数形式，“leaf”的复数形式为“leaves”，故填leaves。
43．句意：它们在控制气候方面发挥着重要作用。根据“play an important part in...the climate”可知，此处考查“play an important part in doing sth.”，“control”（控制）的动名词形式为“controlling”，故填controlling。
44．句意：在这些森林的大部分地区，每天都下雨。此处需要一个形容词作表语，根据“it’s...every day”以及后文“Sometimes, it rains heavily.”可知，应用“rain”（雨）的形容词形式“rainy”（下雨的），故填rainy。
45．句意：生活在雨林中的动物种类比世界上任何其他地方都多。此处表示“任何其他地方”，应用“anywhere”（任何地方），“anywhere else”（其他任何地方），故填anywhere。单数，因此用depends。故填depends。

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