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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 重点短语辨析与运用 专题练 2025-2026学年下学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册
一、重点短语翻译
1．自然奇观 ________
2．据……所知 ________
3．全世界 ________
4．因……而闻名 ________
5．保护环境 ________
6．采取措施 ________
7．砍倒 ________
8．数以千计的 ________
9．不但……而且…… ________
10．在危险中 ________
11．醒来 ________
12．形成 ________
13．充满 ________
14．作为……而闻名 ________
15．阻止……做…… ________
二、选词填空
用所给短语适当形式填空。
do research, note down, reach the top, as far as the eye could see, be located in, pay attention to, risk their lives, by all means, connect with, measure its height
16．The little boy stood on the mountain and saw green trees .
17．All the climbers to climb Qomolangma because of the bad weather.
18．If you want to know more about the deep sea, you can online or in books.
19．Please the important details when you listen to the report about natural wonders.
20．The Great Barrier Reef the northeast of Australia and it’s very famous.
21．The Chinese team tried many times and finally of Qomolangma in 1960.
22．We should the protection of natural wonders, or they will disappear soon.
23．—Can you tell me something about Angel Falls
— ! It’s the highest waterfall in the world.
24．Scientists go to the Himalayas every year to .
25．The Panama Canal the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
pull oneself up deal with only if be determined to bit by bit
26．She improve her English, so she practises every day.
27．After failing the math test, Li Ming and studied even harder.
28．He saved money until he had enough to buy a car.
29．I will lend you my bike you promise to return it by 5 p.m.
30．The book teaches children how their emotions.
从方框选短语，用其正确形式填空（每小题1分，共10分）
be known for, as far as I know, in the face of, take in, in danger,with one's own eyes, up to, cover...with..., protect...from..., one of
31． , there is no such a big natural wonder in our country.
32．The Amazon rainforest can lots of carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.
33．This small town its fresh air and clean water.
34．The mountain is 8,000 meters in height and few people can climb it.
35．We should do our best to save the animals that are .
36．She wants to go to the South Pole and see the penguins .
37． the difficulties, the climbers still decided to reach the top of the mountain.
38．The Great Wall is the most famous man-made wonders in the world.
39．Mother always the food a cloth to keep it clean.
40．We need to plant more trees to the earth the sandstorm.
take up, by the way, pour down, the bottom of, bit by bit, be determined to, pull…up, measure its height, in size, only if
41．The boy didn’t know how high the tree was, so he by using a ruler.
42．The young man wasn’t hurt seriously, so he himself from the ground.
43．You will truly understand the difficulty of the task you try it yourself.
44．I finished reading the book you lent me. , the ending was quite surprising!
45．My grandfather gardening after he retired, and now he grows many vegetables.
46．People need to dive over 1,600 metres in order to reach the sea.
47．Although we had umbrellas, the rain so heavily that we still got wet.
48．My uncle climb Mount Huashan this summer, but a leg injury made him change his plan.
49．Learning a language is a slow process, and you improve every day.
50．Although the two animals are similar , one is much stronger than the other.
三、单项选择
51．—I had to try on several pairs of shoes because they were very different ________.
—I wish you could find a comfortable pair.
A．in size B．in color C．in style D．in price
52．—Sally has improved her English skills ________ through daily practice.
—Wow, that’s amazing!
A．by accidentB．at once C．bit by bit D．in a hurry
53．The firefighters were determined to save the trapped children ________.
A．at all costs B．in all ways C．by all means D．with all efforts
54．Don’t be too hard on him. He is only six years old, ________.
A．after all B．at all C．in all D．above all
55．The new sofa ________ too much space in the living room.
A．takes up B．takes off C．takes in D．takes out
56．He decided to go to the party ______, even though he was tired, because he promised his friend he would be there.
A．after all B．at first C．in the end D．by the way
57．He didn’t learn to play the guitar overnight; he improved ________ through months of practice.
A．hand in handB．side by side C．bit by bit D．one by one
58．—Guess! Who did I meet ________ home Sally, one of my classmates ten years ago.
—Really That’s amazing. ________, don’t stand ________ of the door—people need to pass through.
A．in the way; By the way, on the way B．on the way; In the way; by the way
C．on the way; By the way, in the way D．in the way; On the way; by the way
四、短文选词填空
阅读下面短文，从方框内的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A．take a deep breath B．make sure C． look forward to D．run out of E. keep away from
My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa last year. It was one of the most exciting trips we’ve ever had! Before we got close to the falls, our guide told us to 59 because the spray could soak us completely! We all laughed and did as he said. The sound of the water was so loud that we had to shout to hear each other.
As we walked along the path, I noticed some signs warning visitors to 60 the slippery rocks near the edge. “Safety first!” our guide reminded us. He also told us to 61 we stayed with the group at all times—no wandering off alone!
When we finally reached the viewing platform, I couldn’t believe my eyes. The waterfall was even bigger than I imagined! I 62 this moment for months, and now it was real. My camera battery almost died—I thought we might 63 power before taking enough photos! But luckily, I had brought an extra one.
That day taught me how powerful nature is—and how important it is to be prepared, respectful, and brave when exploring wild places.
参考答案
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58
答案 A C A A A C C C
1．natural wonder 2．as far as I know 3．all over the world/around the world 4．be famous for 5．protect the environment 6．take action/measures/steps 7．cut down 8．thousands of 9．not only...but also... 10．in danger 11．wake up 12．come into being/form 13．be full of/be filled with 14．be known as 15．stop/prevent...from doing...
【解析】1．自然奇观：natural wonder，名词短语，故填natural wonder。
2．据……所知：as far as I know，用于引导方式或范围状语，故填as far as I know。
3．全世界：all over the world/around the world，介词短语，故填all over the world/around the world。
4．因……而闻名：be famous for，形容词短语，故填be famous for。
5．保护环境：protect the environment，动词短语，故填protect the environment。
6．采取措施：take action/measures/steps，动词短语，故填take action/measures/steps。
7．砍倒：cut down，动词短语，故填cut down。
8．数以千计的：thousands of，介词短语，故填thousands of。
9．不但……而且……：not only...but also...，用于连接两个并列的成分，故填not only...but also...。
10．在危险中：in danger，介词短语，故填in danger。
11．醒来：wake up，动词短语，故填wake up。
12．形成：come into being/form，动词短语，故填come into being/form。
13．充满：be full of/be filled with，形容词短语/动词短语，故填be full of/be filled with。
14．作为……而闻名：be known as，形容词短语，故填be known as。
15．阻止……做……：stop/prevent...from doing...，动词短语，故填stop/prevent...from doing...。
16．as far as the eye could see 17．risk their lives 18．do research 19．note down 20．is located in 21．reached the top 22．pay attention to 23．By all means 24．measure its height 25．connects with
【解析】16．句意：小男孩站在山上，看到绿树一望无际。根据“stood on the mountain and saw green trees”可知，此处是描述视线所及的范围。备选词as far as the eye could see“一望无际”符合语境。故填as far as the eye could see。
17．句意：由于天气恶劣，所有登山者都冒着生命危险攀登珠穆朗玛峰。根据“to climb Qomolangma because of the bad weather”可知，恶劣天气下登山是“冒生命危险”的行为。备选词risk their lives“冒生命危险”符合语境。故填risk their lives。
18．句意：如果你想了解更多关于深海的知识，你可以在网上或书本中做研究。根据“to know more about the deep sea”可知，了解信息的方式是“做研究”。备选词do research“做研究”符合语境。故填do research。
19．句意：当你听关于自然奇观的报告时，请记下重要细节。根据“the important details when you listen to the report”可知，听报告时要“记下”细节。备选词note down“记下”符合语境。故填note down。
20．句意：大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北部，非常有名。根据“the northeast of Australia”可知，此处是说明大堡礁的“位置”。备选词be located in“位于”符合语境，且主语为“The Great Barrier Reef”为单数，be动词用is。故填is located in。
21．句意：中国队尝试了很多次，终于在1960年登上了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。根据“of Qomolangma in 1960”可知，登山队的目标是“到达顶峰”。备选词reached the top“到达顶峰”符合语境（由“in 1960”可知用一般过去时）。故填reached the top。
22．句意：我们应该关注自然奇观的保护，否则它们很快就会消失。根据“the protection of natural wonders”可知，此处是“关注”保护事项。备选词pay attention to“关注”符合语境。故填pay attention to。
23．句意：——你能给我讲讲安赫尔瀑布吗？——当然可以！它是世界上最高的瀑布。根据答句的肯定回应可知，此处是“当然可以”的意思。备选词by all means“当然可以”符合语境，位于句首，首字母大写。故填By all means。
24．句意：科学家们每年都去喜马拉雅山测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度。根据“of Qomolangma”可知，科学家去喜马拉雅山是为了“测量高度”。备选词measure its height“测量它的高度”符合语境。故填measure its height。
25．句意：巴拿马运河连接着大西洋和太平洋。根据“the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean”可知，运河的作用是“连接”两大洋。备选词connect with“连接”符合语境。主语是单数，用动词第三人称单数形式。故填connects with。
26．is determined to 27．pulled himself up 28．bit by bit 29．only if 30．to deal with
【解析】26．句意：她下定决心要提高自己的英语水平，所以她每天都坚持练习。 根据“so she practises every day”可知，后半句的“每天练习”是前半句“决心提升英语”的具体行动体现。be determined to“下定决心做某事”符合题意；主语为She，是第三人称单数，且句子时态为一般现在时，因此be动词用is。故填is determined to。
27．句意：数学考试不及格后，李明振作起来，学习更加努力了。 根据“After failing the math test”和“studied even harder”可知，李明在失利后重新振作。pull oneself up“振作起来；奋发图强”符合题意；句子时态为一般过去时，pull的过去式为pulled；主语Li Ming对应的反身代词为himself。故填pulled himself up。
28．句意：他一点一点地存钱，直到存够了买车的钱。 根据“saved money”和“until he had enough”可知，攒钱是一个循序渐进的过程。bit by bit“一点一点地；渐渐地”符合题意，在句中作状语。故填bit by bit。
29．句意：只有你答应下午5点前把自行车还给我，我才把它借给你。 根据“I will lend you my bike”和“you promise to return it by 5 p.m.”可知，后半句是前半句的条件。only if“只有……才”符合题意。故填only if。
30．句意：这本书教孩子们如何处理自己的情绪。 根据“their emotions”可知，此处表示“处理情绪”的含义。deal with“处理；应对”符合题意；“疑问词 + 不定式”是固定结构，因此deal前需加to。故填to deal with。
31．As far as I know 32．take in 33．is known for 34．up to 35．in danger 36．with her own eyes 37．In the face of 38．one of 39． covers with 40． protect from
【解析】31．句意：据我所知，我国没有这么大的自然奇观。用as far as I know表示“据我所知”，符合语境。
32．句意：亚马逊雨林可以吸收大量二氧化碳并产生氧气。情态动词can后接动词原形，take in表示“吸收”，符合语境。
33．句意：这个小镇以其新鲜的空气和干净的水而闻名。主语This small town为第三人称单数，句子用一般现在时，be known for表示“以……闻名”，用is known for。
34．句意：这座山高达8000米，很少有人能攀登。up to表示“高达、多达”，符合语境。
35．句意：我们应该尽最大努力拯救濒临灭绝的动物。in danger表示“处于危险中、濒临灭绝”，符合语境。
36．句意：她想去南极亲眼看看企鹅。with one's own eyes表示“亲眼”，主语是she，用with her own eyes。
37．句意：面对困难，登山者们仍然决定登顶。in the face of表示“面对”，符合语境，句首首字母要大写。
38．句意：长城是世界上最著名的人造奇观之一。one of表示“……之一”，后接形容词最高级+名词复数，符合语境。
39．句意：妈妈总是用布把食物盖起来以保持干净。固定搭配cover...with...表示“用……覆盖……”，主语Mother为第三人称单数，句子用一般现在时，用covers...with...。
40．句意：我们需要种更多的树来保护地球免受沙尘暴的侵袭。固定搭配protect...from...表示“保护……免受……”，不定式符号to后接动词原形。
41．measured its height 42． pulled up 43．only if 44．By the way 45．took up 46．the bottom of 47．poured down 48．was determined to 49．bit by bit 50．in size
【解析】41．句意：这个男孩不知道树有多高，所以他用尺子测量了它的高度。前半句说男孩不知道树的高度，后半句说他用了尺子，因此他应该是做了“测量高度”这件事。所给短语measure its height符合这一动作。主语he为第三人称单数，描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，measure变为measured。
42．句意：这个年轻人伤得不重，所以他自己从地上站了起来。前半句提到他伤得不重，后半句说他从地上站起来，因此他应该是“把自己拉起来”。所给短语pull…up意为“把……拉起来”，符合语境。主语he为第三人称单数，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，pull变为pulled。
43．句意：只有你亲自尝试，你才会真正理解这项任务的难度。前半句“你亲自尝试”是后半句“理解难度”的条件。所给短语only if意为“只有……才”，引导条件状语从句，符合这一逻辑关系。
44．句意：我读完了你借给我的书。顺便说一句，结局相当令人惊讶！前一句提到读完书，后一句补充说明书的结局，中间需要一个引出补充话题的过渡语。所给短语by the way意为“顺便说一句”，用于引出补充话题，位于句首首字母大写。
45．句意：我爷爷退休后开始从事园艺，现在他种了很多蔬菜。前半句说爷爷退休，后半句说现在他种了很多蔬菜，说明他在退休后“开始从事”园艺。所给短语take up意为“开始从事”，符合语境。描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，take变为took。
46．句意：人们需要潜到1600多米才能到达海底。前半句提到潜水深度，后半句说明到达的位置，即“海底”。所给短语the bottom of意为“……的底部”，符合“海底”的语境。
47．句意：尽管我们带了伞，雨还是倾盆而下，我们仍然淋湿了。前半句提到带了伞，后半句说仍然淋湿，说明雨下得很大。所给短语pour down意为“倾盆而下”，符合描述雨势的语境。描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，pour变为poured。
48．句意：我叔叔本来下定决心今年夏天爬华山，但腿伤让他改变了计划。前半句提到爬山计划，后半句说腿伤改变了计划，说明他之前是“下定决心”要去的。所给短语be determined to意为“下定决心做某事”，符合语境。描述过去的状态，主语my uncle为第三人称单数，be动词用was。
49．句意：学习语言是一个缓慢的过程，每天都会一点点进步。前半句说学习语言是缓慢的过程，后半句说每天进步，说明进步是“逐渐地、一点一点地”发生的。所给短语bit by bit意为“逐渐地；一点点地”，作状语修饰动词improve，符合语境。
50．句意：虽然这两种动物体型相似，但其中一只比另一只强壮得多。前半句说两种动物相似，后半句转折说一只更强壮，说明相似的是“体型”。所给短语in size意为“在尺寸方面”，表示比较的方面，符合语境。
51．A
【详解】句意：——我不得不试穿了好几双鞋，因为它们在尺寸上差别很大。——我希望你能找到一双舒适的。
考查介词短语辨析。in size在尺寸上；in color在颜色上；in style在风格上；in price在价格上。根据“I had to try on several pairs of shoes because they were very different...”以及“I wish you could find a comfortable pair.”可知，试穿好几双鞋是因为鞋在尺寸上差别大，想找到一双尺寸合适的舒适鞋子，所以此处应用in size。故选A。
52．C
【详解】句意：——Sally通过日常练习一点一点地提高了她的英语技能。——哇，太令人惊讶了！
考查短语辨析。by accident偶然地；at once立刻；bit by bit一点一点地；in a hurry匆忙地。根据“through daily practice”可知，通过日常练习，所以是“一点一点地”提高英语技能，bit by bit符合语境。故选C。
53．A
【详解】句意：消防员们决心不惜一切代价拯救被困的孩子们。
at all costs不惜一切代价；in all ways以各种方式；by all means务必；with all efforts尽一切努力。根据“determined to save the trapped children”可知，此处强调消防员救人的决心坚定，不惜一切代价，语气极强，at all costs符合语境。
54．A
【详解】句意：别对他太严厉了。毕竟，他才六岁。
after all毕竟；at all根本；in all总共；above all首先。根据上文“He is only six years old”可知，他才六岁，应该用after all解释或缓和语气，劝说别人不要对他太严厉。
55．A
【详解】句意：新沙发在客厅里占据了太多空间。
takes up占据；takes off起飞；takes in吸收；takes out取出。根据“too much space”可知，此处指沙发占据了空间，takes up可与space搭配表示占据空间，符合语境。
56．C
【详解】句意：尽管他很累，最后他还是决定去参加派对，因为他答应过他的朋友会去的。
after all毕竟；at first起初；in the end最后；by the way顺便说一下。根据前半句 “even though he was tired”和后半句 “because he promised his friend he would be there”可知，此处强调的是最终的决定。
57．C
【详解】句意：他不是一夜之间学会弹吉他的；他是通过数月的练习一点一点地提高的。
hand in hand手拉手；side by side肩并肩地；bit by bit一点一点地；one by one一个接一个地。根据“He didn’t learn to play the guitar overnight”以及“through months of practice”可知是通过数月的练习一点一点提高的，应填bit by bit。
58．C
【详解】句意：——猜猜！我在回家的路上遇见了谁？萨莉，我十年前的一个同学。——真的吗？太神奇了。顺便说一下，不要挡在门口——人们需要通过。
考查短语辨析。on the way在途中；by the way顺便说一下；in the way挡道。on the way home“在回家的路上”，是固定搭配；第二空是插入语，表示“顺便说一下”，用“By the way”，用于转换话题；根据“people need to pass through”可知，此处提醒对方不要挡在门口，用“in the way”，C项符合。故选C。
59．A 60．E 61．B 62．C 63．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者和朋友去年去非洲游览维多利亚瀑布的一次激动人心的旅行经历。
59．句意：在我们靠近瀑布之前，导游让我们深吸一口气，因为水花会把我们全身都湿透！根据“Before we got close to the falls, our guide told us to…because the spray could soak us completely!”结合备选词汇可知，结合后句“水花会淋透全身”的语境，导游提醒的是做一个准备性的动作，take a deep breath“深吸一口气” 符合场景。故选A。
60．句意：我注意到一些标识，警示游客远离边缘湿滑的岩石。根据“I noticed some signs warning visitors to…the slippery rocks near the edge.”结合备选词汇可知，本句核心是“标识警示湿滑岩石”，结合安全常识，警示的内容必然是“远离危险区域”；keep away from“远离”是固定短语，贴合“安全警示”的语境。故选E。
61．句意：他还告诉我们要确保一直和团队待在一起——不许单独闲逛！根据“He also told us to…we stayed with the group at all times—no wandering off alone!”结合备选词汇可知，后句“不许单独闲逛”是前句的具体要求，导游的叮嘱是让大家 “保证做到随队行动”；make sure“确保”， 后可接宾语从句。故选B。
62．句意：我期盼这一刻已经好几个月了，现在这一刻终于成真了。根据“The waterfall was even bigger than I imagined! I…this moment for months, and now it was real.”结合备选词汇可知，结合前句“瀑布比我想象的还要壮观”和后句“梦想成真”，能体现出作者对看到维多利亚瀑布的“期待之情”；look forward to“期盼、盼望”后接名词/代词/动名词，本句中接this moment。故选C。
63．句意：我的相机电池快没电了——我担心我们可能会在拍够照片之前用完电量！根据“My camera battery almost died—I thought we might…power before taking enough photos!”结合备选词汇可知，前句“电池快没电了”是线索，后句是作者的担忧：“电量被用完”；run out of“用完、耗尽”后接名词，贴合“电池没电、耗尽电量”的语境；might是情态动词，后接动词原形。故选D。
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