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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 完形填空和阅读理解 专题练
2025-2026学年下学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中，选出最佳选项。
Nature is full of wonders. Every time I get close to it, I enjoy its beauty and power. Last spring, my family and I went to a forest park, and that trip made me realize how 1 nature is.
Early in the morning, we walked in the park. The air was clean, and we could hear birds singing 2 in the trees. On the way, we saw different kinds of 3 —colorful flowers, green trees and small bushes. When we walked to the lake, we saw clear water and fish swimming in it.
My mom told me that nature gives us many 4 , like clean air and fresh water. We stayed there for two hours. I felt relaxed, far away from the busy city life. 5 we went back home, I didn’t want to leave.
Nature is our friend. It brings us happiness, and we should 6 it. 7 we love and protect nature, it will always be beautiful. Whenever I feel tired, I think of the trip and the amazing 8 of nature. It makes me 9 and love life more. Let’s live in harmony (和谐) with 10 .
1．A．common B．amazing C．boring D．terrible
2．A．happily B．sadly C．angrily D．quietly
3．A．plants B．books C．clothes D．pens
4．A．troubles B．gifts C．problems D．stories
5．A．When B．Because C．So D．But
6．A．destroy B．protect C．ignore D．waste
7．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Until
8．A．beauty B．noise C．danger D．mess
9．A．worried B．upset C．happy D．nervous
10．A．it B．him C．her D．them
Located between Jordan and Israel, the Dead Sea is one of the world’s most extraordinary natural wonders. Its 11 is about 430 meters below sea level, making it the lowest point on Earth’s land. The water is nearly ten times saltier than ordinary ocean water, which creates a 12 environment where almost no living things can 13 . This explains the sea’s unusual name.
Despite its harsh (恶劣的) conditions, the Dead Sea attracts millions of 14 every year. Visitors come not for swimming, but for the unique experience of floating effortlessly (轻松地) on the water’s 15 . Because of the high salt concentration (浓度), it is impossible to sink (下沉)—a phenomenon that never fails to amaze first-time visitors.
Scientists remain 16 about the sea’s mineral-rich waters, which are believed to have healing properties (治疗性质). Many people travel here to treat skin diseases, 17 it is considered one of the world’s first natural health resorts. However, swimming in the Dead Sea requires caution. Accidentally getting the water into your eyes can be quite 18 , so wearing goggles is strongly advised.
The Dead Sea is also shrinking at an alarming rate. Its water level drops about one meter each year, a problem caused by both human activity and natural factors. 19 , this remarkable place may disappear in the future if nothing is done to protect it. For now, it remains a 20 destination that satisfies both relaxation and scientific curiosity.
11．A．surface B．bottom C．shore D．depth
12．A．common B．friendly C．challenging D．perfect
13．A．survive B．appear C．develop D．grow
14．A．scientists B．travellers C．locals D．fishermen
15．A．bottom B．depth C．surface D．shore
16．A．bored B．worried C．curious D．certain
17．A．if B．unless C．though D．as
18．A．unusual B．risky C．dead D．wonderful
19．A．After all B．In addition C．As a result D．On the contrary
20．A．common B．dangerous C．ordinary D．fascinating
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Last summer, I went on a trip to the mountains with my family to enjoy the wonders of nature. The moment we arrived, fresh air wrapped around us, and the sound of birds singing filled our ears.
We walked along a small path, and on both sides were tall trees with green 21 . Some small flowers bloomed, showing their bright colors. My little sister pointed at a cute squirrel and asked me to take a photo of it. I took out my phone and caught its 22 moment.
As we climbed higher, the view became more beautiful. We could see a clear river running through the valley, and its 23 water sparkled in the sun. My dad told me that the river has nurtured the plants and animals here for hundreds of years. I felt a deep respect for this great 24 of nature.
At noon, we sat under a big tree to rest. My mom prepared some fruit and bread for us. While eating, we watched a group of birds flying across the sky. They moved together in a neat 25 , which was amazing. My sister said she had never seen such a wonderful 26 before.
In the afternoon, we visited a small waterfall. The water fell from the top of the cliff, making a loud sound. The mist from the waterfall made our faces 27 . We stood there, watching the white water crash into the pool below. It was one of the most beautiful 28 I had ever seen.
When we went back home in the evening, I felt tired but happy. This trip let me closely touch the wonders of nature and realize how precious our natural world is. I decided to protect nature and keep its 29 forever. Nature is our best friend, and we should always cherish every 30 of it.
21．A．leaves B．fruits C．flowers D．branches
22．A．sad B．lively C．quiet D．boring
23．A．dirty B．dark C．clear D．thick
24．A．wonder B．problem C．gift D．secret
25．A．line B．circle C．group D．crowd
26．A．sight B．sound C．taste D．smell
27．A．dry B．wet C．hot D．cold
28．A．animals B．plants C．scenes D．people
29．A．beauty B．danger C．sadness D．darkness
30．A．book B．part C．story D．picture
二、阅读理解
The Highest Mountain—Qomolangma
Climbing Qomolangma
The first successful climbing was made on May 29, 1953, by Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay. Since then, thousands of climbers have tried to reach the top. However, they have to survive freezing weather conditions, heavy storms... To prepare for the climbing, climbers will spend months training.
The Sherpas (夏尔巴人)
The Sherpas are an ethnic group mainly from the mountainous areas of Nepal. They know a lot about climbing skills and the Himalayas. Many climbers ask the Sherpas to be their guides. The Sherpas play an important role in helping climbers carry things and leading the way.
________ The views of the snowy mountain peaks from the top are very beautiful. Climbers describe standing on the top of the world as a life-changing experience.
Environmental Problems
In recent years, many people have said that rubbish and waste left by climbers have become a serious problem.
Conclusion (结论)
Qomolangma is not just a mountain, but a symbol of challenge and the human spirit. It always holds a special place in the hearts of many people whether they climb it or not.
31．What challenge may the climbers face when climbing Qomolangma
A．Cold weather.B．No tools. C．No guides. D．Few clothes.
32．Why can the Sherpas help the climbers
A．Because they can provide them with money.
B．Because they often get to the top of Qomolangma.
C．Because they know the Himalayas well.
D．Because their job is helping climbers.
33．What can be the proper subtitle (小标题) for “_______”
A．The Height of Qomolangma B．The Beauty of Qomolangma
C．The Environment of Qomolangma D．The Ways to Qomolangma
34．What kind of environmental problem is caused by climbers
A．Rubbish. B．Noise. C．Rising temperature. D．Too much light.
35．Why is Qomolangma special to many people
A．Because it has the most beautiful views.
B．Because it’s a symbol of challenge and the human spirit.
C．Because all the people dream of climbing it.
D．Because no one ever reaches its top.
Fujian is a province in the southeast of China. It has many beautiful mountains. Let’s learn about some of them.
Wuyi Mountain
Wuyi Mountain is very famous in China. It’s a special place because it’s included on UNESCO’s list. Its pretty views, different plants and animals, and old tea gardens attract tourists in the world.
Guanzhai Mountain
Guanzhai Mountain is a wonderful place in Liancheng, Fujian. The mountain has strange red rocks. Some look like animals or big pillars (柱子). You can take a boat trip on Shimen Lake. You can climb the mountain, too. On the way, you’ll see old words carved on the rocks. They tell stories of the past.
Taimu Mountain
Taimu Mountain is famous for its special rock shapes and great views from the top. It’s a good place for people who like going rock climbing and taking photos. From the top, you can see the beautiful countryside around it.
36．What makes Wuyi Mountain special
A．Its strange red rocks. B．Its stories on the rocks.
C．Its views from the top. D．Its UNESCO listing.
37．What can visitors do at Guanzhai Mountain
A．Learn about animals in tea gardens.
B．Take a boat trip on Shimen Lake.
C．Climb rocks to see waterfalls.
D．Watch a waterfall show.
38．Which is the best for someone who loves taking photos
A．Wuyi Mountain. B．Guanzhai Mountain.
C．Shimen Lake. D．Taimu Mountain.
39．The underlined word “carved” probably means .
A．雕刻 B．绘画 C．储存 D．形成
40．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To talk about Fujian’s history.
B．To describe UNESCO’s work.
C．To explain how to climb mountains.
D．To introduce some mountains in Fujian.
Ancient Wonder: The Pyramids of Egypt The Pyramids of Egypt are one of the world’s most amazing ancient wonders. They lie on the west bank of the Nile River near Cairo. Built over 4,500 years ago, they were tombs for Egyptian pharaohs (法老). The Great Pyramid of Khufu is the largest and most famous. It is made of huge stone blocks, and ancient Egyptians built it without modern machines. Their building skills still surprise people today. As a cultural treasure, the pyramids attract millions of visitors each year and show the wisdom of early human beings.
________ The Great Wall is a great treasure and pride of China. It runs across northern China with a total length of more than 20,000 kilometres. It was first built to protect the country from enemies. Made of stone, brick and earth, it crosses mountains and valleys. Many dynasties worked on its construction (建造) and repair. Now it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Great Wall shows the hard work and courage of the Chinese people. Every year, tourists from all over the world come to enjoy its great beauty.
Mountain Mystery: Machu Picchu Machu Picchu is a wonderful mystery in the Andes Mountains of Peru. It was an ancient Inca city built in the 15th century. It remained hidden for hundreds of years until 1911. The city has temples, houses and stone terraces (台阶). The stones fit perfectly without cement (水泥). It is known as the “Lost City of the Incas”. Its great design and natural views make it famous worldwide. As a world heritage site, it shows the great creativity of the Inca people.
41．In which section of a newspaper can we probably read this passage
A．Sports & Festival B．Culture & Travel
C．Science & Space D．Health & Education
42．Why did ancient Egyptians build the Pyramids
A．To attract visitors from all over the world.B．To show their amazing building skills.
C．To be tombs for Egyptian pharaohs. D．To become a world ancient wonder.
43．Which of the following is the best heading for the second news
A．Ancient Technology: The Materials of the Great Wall
B．Tourism Development: A World Heritage Site
C．Hard Work: Ancient Chinese People
D．Chinese Treasure: The Great Wall
44．What can we infer about Machu Picchu from the passage
A．People didn’t discover it until 1911.
B．It was built with the help of modern machines.
C．It is the oldest city in the Andes Mountains.
D．The Incas built it with plenty of cement.
45．What do the three places have in common according to the passage
A．They were all built in mountain areas.
B．They were all built over 4,500 years ago.
C．They were all used for protecting against enemies.
D．They all show the wisdom or creativity of ancient people.
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B A A B A B A A C A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 A C A B C C D B C D
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A B C A A A B C A B
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 A C B A B D B D A D
题号 41 42 43 44 45
答案 B C D A D
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文讲述了作者和家人去森林公园的一次旅行，通过亲近自然，感受到自然的美好与馈赠，领悟到要爱护自然、与自然和谐相处的道理。
1．句意：去年春天，我和家人去了森林公园，那次旅行让我意识到自然是多么令人惊叹。
结合前文“Nature is full of wonders”和“enjoy its beauty and power”，自然是“令人惊叹的”，应选用amazing。common“普通的”、boring“无聊的”、terrible“糟糕的”均不符合语境。
2．句意：空气很清新，我们能听到鸟儿在树上欢快地歌唱。
结合欢快的氛围，鸟儿是“欢快地”歌唱，应选用happily。sadly“悲伤地”、angrily“生气地”、quietly“安静地”均不符合语境。
3．句意：在路上，我们看到了不同种类的植物——五颜六色的花、绿色的树和一些小灌木。
结合“colorful flowers, green trees and small bushes”，这些都属于“植物”，应选用plants。books“书”、clothes“衣服”、pens“笔”均不符合语境。
4．句意：我妈妈告诉我，大自然给了我们许多礼物，比如干净的空气和新鲜的水。
结合“clean air and fresh water”，这些都是大自然的“礼物”，应选用gifts。troubles“麻烦”、problems“问题”、stories“故事”均不符合语境。
5．句意：当我们回家的时候，我不想离开。
引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，应选用When。Because“因为”、So“所以”、But“但是”均不符合逻辑。
6．句意：它给我们带来快乐，我们应该保护它。
结合后文“protect nature”，我们要“保护”自然，应选用protect。destroy“破坏”、ignore“忽视”、waste“浪费”均不符合语境。
7．句意：如果我们热爱并保护自然，它将永远美丽。
引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应选用If。Unless“除非”、Though“虽然”、Until“直到”均不符合逻辑。
8．句意：每当我感到疲惫时，我就会想起那次旅行和大自然令人惊叹的美丽。
结合前文“enjoy its beauty”，此处指自然的“美丽”，应选用beauty。noise“噪音”、danger“危险”、mess“混乱”均不符合语境。
9．句意：它让我开心，更热爱生活。
结合“love life more”，自然让我“开心”，应选用happy。worried“担忧的”、upset“沮丧的”、nervous“紧张的”均不符合语境。
10．句意：让我们与它和谐相处。
指代前文的“nature”，用代词it。him“他”、her“她”、them“他们/它们”均不符合指代逻辑。
11．A 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．C 17．D 18．B 19．C 20．D
【导语】本文介绍了死海的地理特征、特殊现象 (高盐度、易漂浮)、旅游价值、健康作用以及面临的环境危机。
11．句意：它的表面海拔约为负430米，是地球上陆地上的最低点。
根据下文“about 430 meters below sea level”，低于海平面430米，这是指湖面表层的海拔高度，对应选用surface“水面/湖面”。depth指水体深度 (水面到水底)、bottom指湖底、shore指岸边，三者都不能搭配海拔数值描述地表高程，尤其depth和海拔概念完全无关，因此只能选surface。
12．句意：这里的盐分比普通海水高出近十倍，造就了一个极具挑战的生存环境，几乎没有生物能在此存活。
根据前文“salt nearly ten times higher than normal seawater”，高盐环境严苛难生存，所以选challenging“有挑战性的、严苛的”。common“普通的”、friendly“友好的”、perfect“完美的”都不符合高盐难存活的语境。
13．句意：这里的盐分比普通海水高出近十倍，造就了一个极具挑战的生存环境，几乎没有生物能在此存活。
根据前文“challenging environment”，高盐环境不利于生命存续，所以选survive“存活、生存”。appear“出现”、develop“发展”、grow“生长”都不符合“几乎没有生物能存活”的句意逻辑。
14．句意：尽管生存环境恶劣，死海每年仍能吸引数百万游客前来游览观光。
根据后文“Visitors come not for swimming”，Visitors指代前来游玩的人群，所以选travellers“游客、旅行者”。scientists“科学家”、locals“当地人”、fishermen“渔民”都和游玩观光的语境不匹配。
15．句意：游客前来不是为游泳，而是想体验能轻松漂浮在水面上的独特乐趣。
根据常识“float effortlessly”，漂浮只会发生在水体表层，所以选surface“水面、表面”。bottom“水底”、depth“深度”、shore“岸边”都不符合漂浮的位置逻辑。
16．句意：科学家依旧对这片富含矿物质的水域充满好奇，人们认为这里的水有疗养功效。
根据后文“have healing properties”，特殊的水域特质会引发科研探索欲，所以选curious “好奇的”。bored“无聊的”、worried“担忧的”、certain“确定的”都与科研探究的态度不符。
17．句意：很多人专程来这里治疗皮肤病，因为它被视作全球最早的天然疗养胜地之一。
根据前后句逻辑，前半句讲前来疗养的行为，后半句说明背后原因，所以选as“因为”。if “如果”、unless“除非”、though“虽然”都衔接不了因果关系。
18．句意：但在死海游泳需格外谨慎，海水不慎入眼会存在风险，因此建议佩戴护目镜。
根据前文“requires caution”，海水入眼是危险情况，所以选risky“有风险的、危险的”。unusual“不寻常的”、dead“死寂的”、wonderful“绝佳的”都不符合警示提醒的语境。
19．句意：死海水位逐年下降、面积不断缩小，因此若不加以保护，这片独特之地未来或将消失。
根据前后句逻辑，前半句讲湖泊萎缩的现状，后半句引出后续消极结果，所以选As a result “因此”。After all“毕竟”、In addition“此外”、On the contrary“相反”都衔接不了因果推导关系。
20．句意：目前，死海仍是一个极具吸引力的旅游胜地，既能让人放松身心，又能满足人们的科学好奇心。
根据后文“offers both relaxation and scientific curiosity”，兼具休闲与科研价值的景点十分独特吸睛，所以选fascinating“迷人的、极具吸引力的”。common“普通的”、dangerous “危险的”、ordinary“平平无奇的”都不符合“兼具休闲与科研价值”这一独特优质的景区定位。
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．A 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文讲述了作者与家人去山里旅行，沿途欣赏自然美景，并由此感悟到要珍惜和保护大自然。
21．句意：我们沿着一条小路走，两旁是高高的树，长满了绿色的叶子。
根据上下文，“trees with green…”指树的部分，且与绿色相关，leaves最符合。
22．句意：我拿出手机，捕捉到了它活泼的瞬间。
前文说小妹妹指着一只可爱的松鼠让我拍照，lively符合松鼠的生动形象。sad悲伤的、quiet安静的、boring厌烦的，均与松鼠的可爱、生动不符。
23．句意：我们可以看到一条清澈的河流穿过山谷，它清澈的水在阳光下闪闪发光。
前文提到“clear river”，后文“sparkled in the sun”说明水清澈透明，clear符合。
24．句意：我对自然的这个伟大奇迹产生了深深的敬意。
前文父亲说这条河滋养了数百年的动植物，是对自然力量的赞叹，wonder符合，problem问题、gift礼物和secret秘密，均不符合句意。
25．句意：它们一起以整齐的一排移动，真是神奇。
前文说“a group of birds flying across the sky”，后文“moved together in a neat …”强调队形，line符合鸟类飞行常见队形。
26．句意：我妹妹说她以前从未见过如此美妙的景象。
前文描述的是鸟群飞行的景象，属于“景色、景象”。
27．句意：瀑布的水雾让我们的脸湿湿的。
水雾会使脸湿润，wet符合逻辑。dry“干的”相反，hot“热的”和cold“冷的”虽可能但无提示，且水雾直接效果是湿润。
28．句意：这是我见过的最美的景色之一。
前文描述瀑布景象，scenes正确。animals动物、plants植物、people人们，均与前文瀑布不符。
29．句意：我决定保护自然，永远保留它的美丽。
全文强调自然之美，作者希望保护并保留其美丽。
30．句意：自然是我们最好的朋友，我们应该永远珍惜自然的每一部分。
自然是由每一“部分”组成的，表示珍惜自然的每一个方面。book“书”、story“故事”、picture“图片”均不符合。
31．A 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰的攀登历史、夏尔巴人的作用、珠峰的美景、攀登带来的环境问题，以及珠峰对人类的精神意义。
31．文章第一段明确提到“they have to survive freezing weather conditions, heavy storms...”表明他们必须在严寒天气、强风暴中生存。
32．文章第二段提到“They know a lot about climbing skills and the Himalayas.”表明他们精通登山技巧，并且非常了解喜马拉雅山脉。
33．横线后的段落核心句为“The views of the snowy mountain peaks from the top are very beautiful. Climbers describe standing on the top of the world as a life-changing experience.”可知，整段围绕珠峰的美景展开。
34．文章“Environmental Problems”部分明确提到“rubbish and waste left by climbers have become a serious problem”说明登山者留下的垃圾和废弃物已经成为严重问题。
35．文章最后一段提到“Qomolangma is not just a mountain, but a symbol of challenge and the human spirit.”阐明了珠穆朗玛峰不只是一座山，更是挑战与人类精神的象征。
36．D 37．B 38．D 39．A 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国福建省的三座名山：武夷山、冠豸山和太姥山，分别描述了它们的特色景观与游玩项目。
36．第二段“It’s a special place because it’s included on UNESCO’s list.”说明武夷山特别是因为它被列入联合国教科文组织名录。
37．第三段“You can take a boat trip on Shimen Lake.”明确提到可以在石门湖乘船。
38．第四段“It’s a good place for people who like going rock climbing and taking photos.”指出太姥山适合拍照。
39．第三段“old words carved on the rocks”指岩石上的古老文字，结合常识应为“雕刻”在岩石上。
40．第一段“Let’s learn about some of them.”点明文章主旨是介绍福建的几座山。
41．B 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍埃及金字塔、中国长城、秘鲁马丘比丘三处世界古迹的背景、特点和文化价值。
41．文章介绍了三处世界文化古迹，还提及各自吸引游客的内容，对应报纸的“文化与旅游”版面。
42．第一段明确提到：“Built over 4,500 years ago, they were tombs for Egyptian pharaohs (法老).”，这说明埃及金字塔是4500多年前为埃及法老建造的坟墓，这是其建造原因。
43．第二段围绕中国长城展开，介绍其是中国的瑰宝与骄傲、建造背景等，“中国瑰宝：长城”能概括该段核心。
44．第三段明确提到：“It remained hidden for hundreds of years until 1911.”，这说明马丘比丘隐藏了数百年，直到1911年才被发现。
45．金字塔体现古埃及人的智慧，长城体现中国人的拼搏，马丘比丘体现印加人的创造力，三者均展现了古代人类的智慧或创造力。
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