资源简介

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues
Discovering Useful Structures
学习目标
能够理解动词-ing形式作状语和作宾语补足语的功能及意义；
能运用动词-ing形式描述人物的行为、动作及其发生的原因、目的、结果及伴随状况等；
掌握本部分的词汇的意义和用法。
重点难点
重点
引导学生理解动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语的功能和意义；
引导学生正确使用动词-ing形式描述人物的行为、动作及其发生的原因、目的、结果及伴随状况等。
难点
在语境中正确运用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和作状语的功能；
正确使用动词-ing形式描述人物的行为、动作及其经历。
学习过程
Step 1 Activity 1
Read the following sentences and discuss the meaning and grammatical function of the italic -ing form in the sentence, and summarizes the usage of the -ing form as attribute and predicate.
①We are not allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. ___________________________
②There is a swimming pool in our school. ___________________________
③Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. ___________________________
④Her duty is taking care of the babies. ___________________________
Step 2 Activity 2
Look for other sentences in the passage that contain the -ing form of the verb and are used as an object complement or adverbial.
①To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired (　　)
②At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. (　　)
③The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. (　　)
④Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50, 000 babies in her lifetime. (　　)
Step 3 Activity 3
Complete the conversations using the correct forms of the words in the brackets.
1. A: You look really_______(tire).You should go home and have a rest.
B: Yes, well, a five-hour operation is pretty_______(tire).
2. A: Did you hear that Susan and Bob got married
B: Really That’s the most_______(shock) news I have heard today.
3. A: Harry, you forgot to return my phone call last night!
B: Oh, I’m very sorry. I went to sleep_______(listen)to music.
4. A: How can you sit inside_______(play) games all day Isn’t there anything more important you can do with your time
B: Come on, Mum. It’s a holiday.
5. A: The museum was_______(interest), wasn’t it
B: It was great. I was quite_______(interest)in those ancient pieces of jade.
6. A: Are you sure this is the man you saw that night
B: That’s right. From my window, I saw him_______(come) into the building.
A: Did you hear a gunshot after that
B: No, but I heard people_______(shout) downstairs. I saw an injured man_______(lie) on the floor.
Step 4 Activity 4
Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the verbs given.
1．After the party, most guests left, with only two of them ______ (remain) in the host family, ______ (help) him clean up．
2．The young man was caught______(steal) a car．
3．He was just about to sit down when he felt something______(move) near his feet．
4．It was a really______(terrify) experience． Afterwards, everybody was very ______ (shock)．
5．The flowers______(smell) sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature．
6．We found the house easily with the little boy______ (lead) the way．
7．On the bank of the river, we found him______(lie) on a bench, with his eyes______(fix) on a kite in the sky．
8．A woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood to accept her six-year-old son, Zed, who has a______ (hear) disability．
9．I stood on the bridge and watched boats______(pass) by．
10．The most popular pastime is______(play) chess．
Step 5 Activity 5
Rewrite the following sentences using the -ing form or the past participle as the adverbial.
EXAMPLE:
Because I did not know anyone, I sat alone my seat for two hours.→
Not knowing anyone, I sat alone in my seat or two hours.
Although Joe was upset by the reporter’s words, he responded to his questions politely.→
Although upset by the reporter’s words, Joe responded to his questions politely.
1. As she was frightened by the noise, Amy turned on all the lights in the house.
2. While they were driving along the freeway, they noticed a kangaroo standing in the middle of the road.
3. After we watched the movie for ten minutes, we felt so bored that we decided to leave.
4. As I came out of my house, I saw the volcano erupting(爆发).
5. After she turned fifteen, she became interested in travelling.
6. Because she didn’t want to be late, sally ran to the subway station.
7. Tim was feeling tired, so he went to bed as soon as he got home.
8.After he gathered all his courage, he ran back into the burning house to rescue the child.
【参考答案】
Step 1
①作前置定语；②作前置定语；③作表语；④作表语
Step 2
①作状语；②作宾语补足语；③作宾语补足语；④作状语
Step 3
1. tiring, tiring; 2.shocking; 3.listening; 4.playing; 5.interesting, interested; 6.coming, shouting, lying
Step 4
1.remaining, helping；2.stealing；3.moving；4.terrifying, shocked；5.smelling ；6.leading；7.lying, fixed；8.hearing；9.passing；10.playing
Step 5
1. Frightened by the noise, Amy turned on all the lights in the house.
2. While driving along the freeway, they noticed a kangaroo standing in the middle of the road.
3. After watching the movie for ten minutes, we felt so bored that we decided to leave.
4. Coming out of my house, I saw the volcano erupting.
5. After turning fifteen, she became interested in travelling.
6. Not wanting to be late, Sally ran to the subway station.
7. Feeling tired, Tim went to bed as soon as he got home.
8. (After) Gathering all his courage, he ran back into the burning house to rescue the child.Listening and speaking
学习目标
1.学会观察图片并描述图中人物所面临的道德困境；
2.通过听力活动让学生正确理解“道德困境”定义，认识到道德困境存在于每个人的现实生活之中；
3.通过听力训练，提高学生“看”和“说”的技能，让学生了解听力材料的大意，理解对话中人物的态度和情绪，对获取的内容信息进行梳理；
4.能够讲述亲身经历或听到的关于善行的故事。
重点难点
1.正确理解“道德困境”的定义；
2.学会通过关注说话人所表达的内容、说话的语气、语调等来判断其态度和情绪；
3.能够针对具体的道德困境发表自己的看法和见解，并能讲述亲身经历或听到的关于善行的故事。
学习过程
Step 1 Look at the topic pictures and answer.
1.Answer the questions.
①What do you think the teenagers are doing
______________________________________________
②Can you translate it into Chinese
______________________________________________
2.List at least 10 words related to quality (nouns and adjectives).
______________________________________________
3.Translate these famous sayings into Chinese.
*The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others. ——Mahatma Gandhi
______________________________________________
*The superior man thinks always of virtue; the common man thinks of comfort. ——Confucius
______________________________________________
*Virtue, perhaps, is nothing more than politeness of soul. ——Honore de Balzac
______________________________________________
Step 2 Watching and talking
1.Watch and answer these questions.
①What is happening in the picture Can you use one or two sentences to describe the situation
______________________________________________
②What are the two possible choices that the boy could make
______________________________________________
③Could he do both Why
______________________________________________
④What will happen if he helps the old woman What may happen if he doesn't help the old woman
______________________________________________
⑤If you were the boy, what should you do and what would you do
______________________________________________
⑥If everyone is worried about the price of helping others, what will happen
______________________________________________
2.Watch the pictures and write a short passage to describe what happened.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 3 Reading the listening text
1.Read and complete the passage with correct words.
Jane is sharing an article about moral dilemmas with her friend Luke. This article mentions a girl t_____ the entrance exam for a famous medical university in Beijing. During the exam, the student next to her f_____. The girl stopped to help the student, t_____ that it was better to p____ the needs of the other person f_____. Although the girl l_____ the exam that day, she became a great doctor. Her name was Lin Qiaozhi, who was famous for c_____ for tens of thousands of women and their babies in China.
2.Answer the questions according to the above passage.
①What did the girl do to help the student
______________________________________________
②What was the girl’s name What was she famous for
______________________________________________
③What did Jane say about the girl’s life
______________________________________________
Step 4 Summary
Complete the sentences with correct words and recite the listening skills.
When you listen, you should pay attention not only to the _____ but also to ____ the speaker is talking. If people strongly _____ with something, they might exaggerate their ______. If you hear people speaking very ____ or ___, they may be ____ or ____. If they speak ____ or stop ____, they may be _____ or not ____ about what they are saying.
Step 5 Listening and talking
Read the listening text and complete the following exercises.
Host: Hello and welcome to the Rush Hour Show, the radio show for your way home. Our guest today is Kevin Miller, with the Pay It Forward Foundation. Welcome, Kevin, so what is “paying it forward”
Kevin: Hi, there. So “paying it forward” means that if you receive kindness from someone, you don't try to pay them back. Instead, you go out and show kindness to someone else.
Host: Oh, so it's like helping a stranger. Can you give us an example of how it works
Kevin: Well. I'm sure you’ve heard the famous country song, “The Chain of Love”. The song starts with a man who helps a lady whose car has broken down. The lady wants to pay him, but he won't accept payment, instead telling the woman to just show kindness to another person. Later, when the lady stops at a cafe, she notices her waitress is pregnant and tired. When the lady finishes eating, she pays for her meal with a hundred-dollar bill. Then the lady walks out, leaving the change and a note for the waitress. Her note tells the waitress to continue the chain of kindness. The song has a surprise ending. The waitress goes home to her husband, happy because of the kindness the lady showed her. Then we find out that hes the man who firsts tarted the chain of kindness!
Host: What a great story! So does this happen in real life
Kevin: Yes, actually. One woman, after paying for her coffee, then quietly paid for the coffee of the customer behind her. When that customer discovered his coffee had been paid for, he paid for the customer behind him. The chain of kindness continued for hours. Nearly 400 people paid for the coffee of the person behind them!
Host: Wow, that's amazing So what can our listeners do to help
Kevin: Well, join the chain of kindness today and join the millions of people who are"paying it forward"! We never know what light we might spark in others by our kindness.
1.Fill in the blanks and complete the following sentences.
①In this listening passage, the topic ______________ was based on a song _____________.
②"Paying it forward" means that if you _____________ from someone, you don't try to _________. Instead, you go out and _____________________.
③From the listening text we understand that we should join the millions of people __________ ______________.
2.Answer these questions according to the listening text.
①What name is the radio show
②Who was the first to deliver love in the story
③What did the lady do to start delivering love towards others
3.Talk about your feeling in four or five sentences.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
Step 1
1.①They are working as a team./They are doing teamwork.
②一个好人一生最好的部分，是他细小的、无名的、不被人记得的出于善良和爱的行为。
2.generosity, friendship, hope, giving, kindness, caring, thankfulness, helpfulness, trust, responsibility
3.发现自己最好的方法就是为他人服务。——圣雄甘地
高尚的人总是想到美德;普通人考虑的是舒适。——孔子
美德也许只不过是心灵上的礼貌。——巴尔扎克
Step 2
1.①An old woman fell down and didn’t stand up. A student went by and saw what was happening and didn't know whether to help her or not, for fear of getting into trouble.
②The student was faced with two choices: either leave her alone, because helping her might bring himself trouble; Or help her, because the old man needs help.
③Yes, he could. If he could find one or two witnesses to prove that the old man fell himself, then helped her up. He could have both.
④If the old woman is a bad woman, he may be framed for doing good deeds. If the old woman really fell down, if he didn't help her, it might make the old woman into a bigger dilemma.
⑤If I were the boy, I could find one or two witnesses to help me, then helped the old woman and filmed the whole thing.
If so, there will be no love and assistance in the world.
2.The answer is open.
Step 3
1.taking, fainted, thinking, put, first, left, caring
2.①She carried the student to a safe place and looked after her. Then she went to the hospital with the student and called her sister.
②Her name was Lin Qiaozhi. She later became a great doctor. She was famous for caring for tens of thousands of women and their babies.
③Her life was full of hard choices but she didn’t let them stop her from taking care of people who were in need. She always cared for others more than for herself.
Step 4
words, HOW, disagree, intonation, quickly, loudly, excited, angry, slowly, often, confused, sure
Step 5
1.①paying it forward, The Chain of Love
②receive kindness, pay them back, show kindness to someone else
③who are "paying it forward"
2.①The Rush Hour Show.
②The man who helped the lady whose car had broken down was the first to deliver love.
③She paid for her waitress, leaving the change and a note for the waitress. Her note told the waitress to continue the chain of kindness.
3.This is a open exercise, the answer may be different. As long as the students' statements convey positive and positive thoughts, the teacher can affirm and encourage them. The teacher should pay attention to the specification of the statement.Reading for Writing
学习目标
1.阅读寓言故事，理解故事内容以及隐含的道德教育意义；
2.能够理解区分一些重点词汇在用法和意义上的差异，并根据语境正确使用这些词汇；
3.学习和理解儒家“仁义礼智信”的思想，树立正确的道德观和价值观；
4.能够写一篇观点明确、层次分明的故事评论。
重点难点
重点：
1.能够通过人物言行的对比分析道德故事的深层内涵；
2.能够结合现实生活案例发表自己的见解和看法；
3.学会写一篇观点明确、层次分明的故事评论。
难点：
1.有条理地用英语对现实生活案例发表自己的见解和看法；
2.独立完成一篇观点明确、层次分明的故事评论的写作。
学习过程
Step 1 词汇积累
1.核心单词
2.重点短语
Step 2 Reading
1.Look at the three questions in activity 1 and then read the fable.
①What was the king’s idea for teaching an important lesson to his people
___________________________________________________________________________
②What was the response from most of the people
___________________________________________________________________________
③ What did the young girl think and do when she saw the coins
___________________________________________________________________________
2.Read the fable carefully and answer the following questions.
①What is the title of the story
________________________________________________
②What kind of story is it
________________________________________________
③What is the main idea of the story
________________________________________________
④What is the author’s purpose
________________________________________________
⑤Do you think the story achieved its purpose
________________________________________________
⑥What did you like about the story
________________________________________________
⑦Would you recommend this story to others
________________________________________________
3.List the outline for writing a review of the fable.
Paragraph 1：________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：________________________________________________
Paragraph 3: ________________________________________________
Step 3 Reading and writing
Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi. One time, I was called at midnight to pick someone up. When I arrived the building was completely dark except for one light in a window.
I walked to the door and knocked. After a long wait, the door opened. A small woman in her 80s stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase.
"Would you carry my bag out to the car " she said. I took her suitcase and gave her my arm. We walked slowly to the street. She kept thanking me for my kindness. It's nothing. " I told her. "1 try to treat my passengers how I want my mother treated".
"You 're such a good boy, " she said. When we got in the taxi, she gave me address. Then she asked, "Could you drive through the downtown "
It's not the shortest way." I answered.
"l don’t mind," she said." I’m in no hurry." I’m on my way to a hospice(临终安养院)." I saw her eyes shining with tears.
"I don't have any family left, she continued." The doctor says," I don't have very long."
I quietly turned off the meter. " What road do you want me to take "I asked. For hours, we drove through the city. She showed me the building where she had once worked. We drove through the neighbourhood where she and her husband had lived. Sometimes she asked me to just slow down while she sat staring into the darkness, saying nothing.
As the sun was coming up, she suddenly said, "I'm tired. Let's go now. We drove in silence to the hospice. As we pulled up, two nurses were waiting for us. They helped her into a wheelchair.
How much do I owe you "she asked me, reaching for her purse. Nothing, "I said. Without thinking, I leaned down and gave her a hug. She hugged me tightly.
You gave an old woman a little moment of joy, she said. “Thank you.”
I squeezed her hand and then walked back to my taxi. For the rest of that day, I could hardly talk. I believe I have never done anything more important in my life. We usually think that our lives are defined by great moments. But I now realize that great moments catch us by surprise because they often seem quite small.
1.Read the story and answer this question: Why will the writer never forget the taxi ride
___________________________________________________________________________
2.Analyse the story by filling in the table below.
3.Discuss the following questions with a partner.
①What is the author’s purpose in writing this story Do you think he succeeded
___________________________________________________________________________
②What did you like about this story What did you not like Why
___________________________________________________________________________
③Would you recommend this story to others Why or why not
___________________________________________________________________________
4.Write your own inspiring story about an act of kindness that you have seen or experienced.
【参考答案】
Step 1 词汇积累
（略）
Step 2
1.①He put a huge stone in the middle of a road, and watched to see if anyone would move it.
②Most of the people just got upset that the stone was in their way.
③She thought that the money belonged to someone else and that it should be returned.
2.①The title of the stone is “The story in the road”.
②It is a fable about morals.
③It is about a king who wanted to teach villagers a lesson by hiding gold under the stone in the street.
④The story’s purpose is to tell us that when meeting with problems we should not complain and expect others to solve them.
⑤Yes, I /we think so.
⑥I like the story because the fable mirrors that different attitudes may bring about different results, one good turn deserves another.
⑦Yes, I would.
3.Paragraph 1：Basic information about the story.
Paragraph 2：Your analysis of the story.
Paragraph 3：Your opinion about the story.
Step 3
1.He’ll never forget the taxi ride because it reminded him of the importance of taking time for other people.
2.①a taxi driver and an old woman;
②The taxi driver ferries a woman around the city, allowing her to see the places that she used to know for one last time, before taking her to a hospice to die.
③The main point of the story is that we need to take time for others, and that sometimes even a very small action can mean so much to another person’s life.
3.①The author's main purpose in the story is to get people to slow down pay attention to, and talk with others. I think he succeeded admirably in getting his point across.
②The story is wonderful in the way it makes us feel for the old woman and in how it introduces the topic of being in the moment and thinking of others. The main drawback to the story is that it is too out of the ordinary for most people to be able to see how it might apply to their own lives, even if it makes a deep impression on them.
③I would certainly recommend this story to others, as it is an instant classic which will make them stop and think about the importance of the small moments in their lives.
4. The answer is open.Unit 2　Morals and Virtues
Writing
本单元的写作任务是写一篇影评，即要求根据所给电影或所给相关信息提炼重点，对电影做必要的介绍，并有感而发。介绍电影情节时要抓住重点，电影评论部分要客观公正，可从故事主题、人物塑造等方面作评价。介绍剧情时以一般现在时或一般过去时为主，人称多用第三人称。
[基本框架]
1．开头(the beginning)——电影简介(上映日期、类型、导演等)；
2．主体(the body)——剧情简介；
3．结尾(the ending)——发表评论。
[常用词块]
1．play the part of a policeman 扮演警察
2．fall in love with each other 互相爱上了对方
3．go through the difficulty 渡过难关
4．hold our breath in surprise 惊奇地屏住了呼吸
5．touch my heart deeply 深深地触动了我的心
6．offer entertainment to audiences of all ages 给各个年龄段的观众提供娱乐
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．Beauty and the Beast，directed by Bill Condon，is an amazing American fantasy film.
Bill Condon导演的《美女与野兽》是一部令人惊叹的美国奇幻电影。
2．Uncle Drew is a famous comedy whose director is Charles Stone，one of the most famous directors in America.
《德鲁大叔》是一部著名的喜剧，导演是Charles Stone，美国最著名的导演之一。
★正文佳句
1．The film is set in a remote mountainous village.
这部电影是以一个偏远的山村为背景。
2．The film tells of the friendship between a boy and a tiger.
这部影片讲述了一个男孩和一只老虎之间的友谊。
3．Unusually，it is the female characters that interest us most.
不同寻常的是，正是(影片中的)女性角色最吸引我们。
4．Brave，good and strong，the heroine is the character we care about most.
我们最关注女主角，她勇敢、善良、坚强。
★余味结尾
1．This is a very touching film，a must see.
这是一部非常感人的电影，一部必看的电影。
2．In a word，this film is well worth seeing.
总之，这部电影非常值得一看。
3．Even with these small problems，the film is still a great film，and I really enjoy it!
即使有这些小问题，这部电影仍然是一部伟大的电影，我非常喜欢它！
4．Judging from the wild clapping and cheers that filled the cinema，everybody agreed that it was indeed the best film of the year.
从电影院里热烈的鼓掌和欢呼声来判断，大家一致认为，这部影片的确是今年的最佳影片。
实战指导
假如你是李华，打算向你的外国朋友Eric推荐一部最近刚刚看过的科幻电影《流浪地球》(The Wandering Earth)，请用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．观影时间和地点；
2．介绍电影(主题：保护人类共同的地球家园，观众评价等)；
3．推荐观影。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【学生习作】
Dear Eric，
I'm writing to tell you a good fiction film. It's name is The Wandering Earth.
I watched the film at the local theatre last weekend. Its theme is to protect our human's common home. Many viewers think it is a very good film，and the film has received many good reviews. I very like the film's theme to protect the earth. I think we should do our best to protect the earth.
I strong suggest you to go to the cinema and see the film.
Yours，
Li Hua
[点评]
1.习作中出现了一些错误，例如It's name，very like和strong suggest you to go。
2.评说影片不应用太多good，例如many good reviews可转换为many positive reviews，其他地方也有较多的提升空间，例如do our best可转换为spare no effort。
3.可使用复合句替代简单句，例如第二段前两句可用whose将其连接起来。
【升格作文】
Dear Eric，
I'm writing to recommend a science fiction film The Wandering Earth to you.
I watched the film at the local theatre last weekend，whose theme is to protect our common home. Viewers describe it as a breakthrough in the Chinese film industry and it has received a wide range of positive reviews so far. I was deeply impressed with the film's theme on protecting the earth. The earth is our common home and we should spare no effort to protect it.
I strongly suggest you have a try and the film would not disappoint you!
Yours，
Li Hua
跟踪练习
假设你是李东，上周末你和同学们一起观看了电影《唐山大地震》。请根据下表所提供的信息用英语写一篇影评。
影片 《唐山大地震》(Aftershock)
导演 冯小刚
主演 徐帆，张静初
主要情节 以1976年唐山大地震为背景，讲述了一个四口之家在地震中的遭遇及震后32年幸存下来的母亲及双胞胎儿女的生活经历。
评价 演员演技高超，故事情节感人。
注意：
1．词数80左右，开头部分已写好，不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Reviews on Aftershock
Last week，I together with my classmates，saw the film Aftershock，
【参考答案】
【参考范文】
Reviews on Aftershock
Last week，I together with my classmates，saw the film Aftershock，which was directed by Feng Xiaogang，a famous Chinese director.
Set in the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake，the film tells of a story about a family of four. During the earthquake，the father died and the rest of the family survived. But the earthquake has changed their lives. The film follows the lives of the mother and her twin children over the next 32 years. Xu Fan and Zhang Jingchu are leading characters in this film. Their acting is excellent. I was deeply moved by the plot of the film.
In a word，the film is moving and well worth seeing.

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