外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit 6 Survival Part 1 Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language课件

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外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit 6 Survival Part 1 Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language课件

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Unit 6
Survival
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
  We must commit to reducing our consumption of natural resources,as it is crucial for the sustainable development of our planet.While some may consider this task to be very challenging,we appreciate the optimism shown by those who strive for change.Restricting unnecessary use and reacting responsibly to environmental challenges can expose us to new ways of living.Remaining optimistic in the face of trouble is key to achieving our goals and preserving the world for future generations.
我们必须致力于减少对自然资源的消耗,因为这对我们星球的可持续发展至关重要。虽然有些人可能会认为这项任务很有挑战性,但我们欣赏那些为变革而奋斗的人所表现出的乐观态度。限制不必要的使用并负责任地对环境挑战作出反应,可以让我们接触到新的生活方式。面对逆境保持乐观是实现我们的目标和为了子孙后代保护世界的关键。
Part 1
Starting out,Understanding ideas,
Using language
基础识记
1.        adj.海滨的
2.     n.郊区,城郊
3.     adj.城镇的,城市的
4.    n.新来者
5.   v.生长茂盛,兴盛
6.    n.垃圾
7.    n.洞穴
8.    adv.在室内
写作词汇
seaside
suburb
urban
newcomer
flourish
garbage
cave
indoors
1.fox n.
2.predator n.
3.racoon  n.
4.lamb n.
5.kebab n.
6.garlic   n.
阅读词汇
狐狸
掠食动物,捕食性动物
浣熊
羔羊肉
烤(肉)串
(大)蒜
7.kit n.
8.clay n.
9.fuel n.
10.firefighter n.
11.blaze   n.
12.fierce adj.
成套工具
黏土
燃料
消防队员
烈火,大火
恶劣的,极端的
拓展词汇
1. n.罪,罪行→criminal n.罪犯adj.犯罪的
2. adj.贪婪的,贪心的→greed n.贪婪,贪心→greedily adv.贪婪地,贪心地
3. n.小偷,贼→theft n.偷窃,盗窃
4. v.犯(错误或罪行)→commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献→committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚信的;坚定的
5. n.容器→contain v.包含,容纳;抑制,克制(感情)
crime
greedy
thief
commit
container
6. v.估计,估算→estimation n.估计,估算
7. adj.迁徙的→migration n.迁徙,迁移,移居→migrate v.迁徙,迁移,移居
8. v.欣赏;赏识→appreciation n.欣赏;理解;感激→appreciative adj.感激的;欣赏的;赏识的
9. adj.至关重要的,关键性的→crucially adv.至关重要地,关键地
10. v.限制,控制→restriction n.限制;约束→restrictive adj.限制的;约束的
estimate
migratory
appreciate
crucial
restrict
11. n.徒步旅行者,远足者→hike v.远足→hiking n.远足
12. adj.乐观的;乐观主义的→optimism n.乐观;乐观主义
13. n.(精力、油、电等的)消耗量→consume v.消耗→
consumer n.消费者
14. v.补充,增补,增加→supplementary adj.补充的,增补的
15. v.消除,根除→elimination n.消除,根除
16. v.(作出)反应→reaction n.反应
17. adj.每月一次的→month n.月份
hiker
optimistic
consumption
supplement
eliminate
react
monthly
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.have difficulty (in) doing sth   
2.run away
3.commit a crime
4.be responsible for
5.in one’s way
6.have no choice but to do sth
7.out of reach
做某事有困难
逃跑
犯罪
对……负责
挡路的,挡道的
别无选择,只能做某事
够不着
8.under construction
9.figure out 
10.throw away
11.fit in with
12.on offer
13.distinguish between... and ...
14.crash into
15.die from
在建设中,在建造中
算出,想出,解决
扔掉,丢掉
适应;符合;与……一致?
提供的;可买到的;可使用的
区分……和……
撞击,闯入
死于
16.amount to
17.adapt to
18.for sure
19.be diagnosed with
20.be rushed to
21.be determined to do...
22.in spite of
总计
适应
确定地,肯定地
被诊断为,被确诊患有(疾病)
被紧急送往
下定决心做……
尽管
23.first aid kit
24.be crowded with
25.get rid of
26.cope with
27.bring...under control
急救箱
充满
摆脱,去除
应付
使……处于控制之下
重点句型
1. ,the police were powerless to arrest him.(“no matter+疑问词”引导的让步状语从句)
不论他犯罪多少次,警方都无法抓捕到他。
No matter how many crimes he committed
2. ,we also need to consider that some of these so-called “urban animals” have never moved at all—it’s we humans who have moved into their territory.(“疑问词+-ever”引导的让步状语从句)
无论事实如何,我们必须明白,在这些所谓的“城市动物”中,有一些根本就没有迁徙过——是我们人类搬到了它们的领地里。
However true this is
3. harmoniously sharing our urban habitats.
(“only+副词”位于句首,主句要部分倒装)
只有那时,我们才能展望与它们和谐分享城市栖息地的未来。
Only then can we look towards
语篇导读·先行把握

1.主题语境:人与自然——野生动物在城市中的生存现状
2.语篇类型:说明文
3.课文内容分析:
文章主要介绍了野生动物进入城市这一现象的原因和它们在城市中的生存状况以及遇到的问题等,说明了人类城市化进程给野生动物带来的影响。阅读本文有利于强化学生保护环境、保护地球的意识,树立与自然和谐相处的观念。
多维解读·浅析结构

taking
over
urban
development
appealing spaces
adapt
crashing
harmoniously
精研细读·深层理解

(  )1.What’s the author’s purpose of talking about the “theft” in Cape Town in Paragraph 1?
A.To introduce the topic of the passage.
B.To show us how animals live in the city.
C.To give us some warnings.
D.To call on us to take care of wild animals.
A
(  )2.What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.Animals’ flourishing in cities.
B.Benefits of cities for wild animals.
C.A great amount of food wasted by humans.
D.The relationship between animals and humans.
B
(  )3.What does the author mean by saying “urban foxes come out in daylight” in Paragraph 4?
A.They have no choice but to do so.
B.They are no longer afraid of humans.
C.They are more intelligent than wild foxes.
D.They have changed their living habits.
D
(  )4.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A.To call on us not to build skyscrapers in the urban areas.
B.To encourage us to have a better understanding of our wild neighbours.
C.To advise us to better protect our wild neighbours in cities.
D.To show us the sad stories of wild animals in cities.
B
(  )5.In which part of a newspaper can you find this passage?
A.Travel.  
B.Health.  
C.Animals.  
D.Diet.
C
二次开发·深研课文

In Cape Town,you will witness many crimes 1.      (commit) by animals,but there’s nothing the police can do about them. Nowadays,
many wild animals are moving into cities,as if our cities are being taken over by them. People often wonder about the reasons behind this mass urban migration,one of 2.     is that we humans have moved into their territory. Cities offer 3.      (increase) appealing spaces to animals 4.      (look) for new habitats.
committed
which
increasingly
looking
Without natural predators,the animals in cities often flourish and are easy to find plenty to eat. 5.     (figure) out difficult problems in cities,animals need to be more 6.      (intelligence) and some have even changed their living habits. However,many animals are also faced with many dangers. Unable to distinguish between blue sky 7.     glass,birds often crash into windows,resulting in many deaths. The reason is 8.     they have yet to change their migratory routes. Through this,we can get a 9.     (good) understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild 10.    ?
(neighbour).Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats.?
To figure
intelligent
and
that
better
neighbours
重点词汇
1.hesitate v.犹豫,(对某事)迟疑不决;顾虑,疑虑
·hesitant adj.犹豫的
·hesitation n.犹豫,迟疑
[教材原句] Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate.
贪婪的窃贼在发现有辆车的车窗未关后,没有丝毫犹豫。
[例](应用文写作之告知信)If you have any questions,don’t hesitate to ask me.
如果你有任何问题,随时问我。
归纳拓展
·hesitate to do sth 犹豫做某事
hesitate over/about sth 对某事犹豫不决
·be hesitant about (doing) sth 对(做)某事犹豫不决
be hesitant to do sth 对要去做某事犹豫不决
·without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
[语境运用] 语段填空/句子语法填空/完成句子
?She       for a moment,her       steps showing clear signs of inner       before finally making up her mind to speak.(hesitate)?
?I hesitated      whether to tell him the bad news.?
?He didn’t hesitate        (apologise) for his mistake,demonstrating his sincerity and willingness to take responsibility.?
?                (我毫不犹豫地分享) my ideas with the team,as I believe it can contribute to our project’s success.?
hesitated
hesitant
hesitation
over/about
to apologise
I have no hesitation in sharing
2.commit v.犯(错误或罪行);承诺;全心全意投入
·committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚信的;坚定的
·commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献
[教材原句] No matter how many crimes he committed,the police were powerless to arrest him.
不论他犯罪多少次,警方都无法抓捕到他。
[例]They must commit to spending time with their older neighbours.
他们必须承诺与年长的邻居共度时光。
[例]And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the commitment Wilson made to preventing the preventable diseases.
在非洲和亚洲,数千万人能够看见,是因为威尔逊对预防可预防的疾病作出的承诺。
归纳拓展
·commit...to...投入/花(钱或时间)到……上
commit sb/oneself to (doing) sth承诺/保证某人/自己(做)某事
·be committed to 致力于,以……为己任
·make a commitment/commitments (to...)(对……)作出承诺
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/翻译句子
?His         (commit) to helping others has inspired many people around him to make a positive impact in their communities.?
?He is a     (commit)member of the environmental protection organisation,using his weekends to cleaning up local parks and beaches.?
?After years of uncertainty,John finally committed himself to    ?
(pursue) a career in medicine,dedicated to helping others and improving healthcare.?
commitment
committed
pursuing
?张桂梅老师全心全意地致力于教育事业。
Teacher Zhang Guimei is committed to the cause of education whole-heartedly.
3.consider v.考虑;认为
·consideration n.仔细考虑;深思;斟酌
·considerable adj.相当多(或大、重要等)的
·considering prep.考虑到;就……而言
[教材原句] However true this is,we also need to consider that some of these so-called “urban animals” have never moved at all—it’s we humans who have moved into their territory.
无论事实如何,我们必须明白,在这些所谓的“城市动物”中,有一些根本就没有迁徙过——是我们人类搬到了它们的领地里。
[例]It’s considered very rude to eat with a loud noise.
吃东西时发出很大的声音被认为是很粗鲁的(行为)。
[例](2023·浙江1月卷)Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations.
考虑把你的旅行计划交给旅行社,让其仔细检查所有细节,提出建议,然后处理实际预订。
归纳拓展
·consider (doing) sth 考虑(做)某事
consider sb/sth+n./adj.=consider sb/sth as/to be... 以为/认为/觉得某人/某事……
It is considered that... 人们认为……,被认为……
·take...into consideration 把……考虑在内
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/翻译句子
?As for Bailey, she is more confused about why her act    ?
(consider) a big deal.?
?He is considering      (restrict) the time his kids commit to watching TV.?
?     (consider) that he was the youngest on the field, he played well.?
?We all should consider breakfast     (be) the most important meal of the day.?
is considered
restricting
Considering
to be
?People often consider Mr Black     the walking map of London, because he has been in this city for 30 years.?
?The candidates’ experience and qualifications will be taken into
        (consider) when the decision is made.?
?(应用文写作之申请信)希望您能考虑我的申请,并期待您的尽快回复。
as/不填
consideration
Hopefully you could take my application into consideration and your earliest reply will be anticipated.
4.appealing adj.有吸引力的,有感染力的;恳求的
·appeal n.& v.(有)吸引力;呼吁,恳请;上诉
[教材原句] As our cities become greener,they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals looking for new habitats.
随着我们的城市绿化越来越好,它们越来越吸引着寻找新栖息地的动物们。
[例](2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)When I got back home,suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as appealing.
当我回到家时,突然觉得骑自行车不再那么有吸引力了。
[例]Organisers appealed to the crowd not to panic.
组织者呼吁群众不要惊慌。
归纳拓展
·appeal to 吸引;呼吁
appeal (to sb) for sth 为某事(向某人)呼吁/请求
appeal to sb (not) to do sth 恳请/呼吁某人(不要)做某事
·make an appeal to sb for sth 为某事向某人呼吁/恳求
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/翻译句子
?The new café down the street has a cozy atmosphere and delicious food,
making it a very      (appeal) place to spend a lazy afternoon.?
?The charity’s heartfelt message appealed      people to donate to help the victims of the natural disaster.?
?The environmental organisation launched a campaign to appeal    ?
donations to fund their research on renewable energy sources.?
appealing
to
for
?The teacher appealed to the students   (pay) more attention in class and actively participate in discussions.?
?“你真的愿意帮忙吗?”她满脸恳求地说。
to pay
“Would you really help?” she said with an appealing look.
5.distinguish v.区分,辨别;使具有某种特征
·distinguished adj.卓越的,著名的
[教材原句] Unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass,birds crash into windows at speeds of about 50 kilometres per hour.
由于无法分辨蓝天和玻璃,鸟儿以每小时50千米的速度撞向窗户。
[例](2023·浙江1月卷) What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines.
哈蒙德所指的是意义的问题, 而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。
[例]The Chinese nation is distinguished for its diligence and courage.
中华民族以勤劳勇敢而著称。
归纳拓展
·distinguish...from...从……中区分/辨别……
distinguish between...and...区分……和……
·be distinguished for 因……而著称;以……而超群出众
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/翻译句子
?It is this reason that distinguishes humans      machines.?
?People who cannot distinguish       colours are said to be colour-blinded.?
?He was a loyal,          (distinguish) and very competent civil servant.?
from
between
distinguished
?(话题写作之人物介绍)我想向大家介绍一位非常卓越的嘉宾,他以中国书法而出名。
I would like to introduce a very distinguished guest to you, who is distinguished for Chinese calligraphy.
6.appreciate v.欣赏;赏识;领会;感谢
·appreciation n.欣赏;理解;感激
·appreciative adj.感激的;欣赏的;赏识的
[教材原句] However they adapt to our ways of urban living,it’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours.
不论它们如何适应我们的城市生活方式,更好地理解甚至学会欣赏我们的野生邻居是非常重要的。
[例](应用文写作之邀请信)I’d appreciate it if you could take my invitation into consideration.
如果你能考虑我的邀请,我将不胜感激。
[例](读后续写之情感描写)The teacher’s appreciative comments on my essay made me feel very motivated.
老师对我作文的赞赏令我备受鼓舞。
归纳拓展
·appreciate one’s doing sth 感激某人做某事
I would appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激
·have/show appreciation of 对……有鉴赏力
have/show one’s appreciation for 因……表示感谢
in appreciation of为感谢……
·be appreciative of对……感激
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/翻译句子
?I really appreciate        (give) the chance to present my opinions on protecting traditional culture at the meeting.?
?Please accept this gift in      (appreciate) of all you’ve done for us.
?The audience were        (appreciate) of the musician’s talented performance,showing their gratitude with a round of enthusiastic applause.?
?When I applauded,I guessed I was showing my appreciation   his skill and the hours of practising he put in.?
being given
appreciation
appreciative
for
?(应用文写作之求助信)如果你能在方便的时候就如何解决这个问题给我一些建议,我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you could give me some tips on how to solve the problem at your convenience.
重点句式
“逻辑主语+现在分词”构成独立主格结构。

[教材原句] Today,foxes can be seen all over London—one even being found living on the 72nd floor of the Shard building when it was under construction!
现在,伦敦随处都可以见到狐狸——有一只甚至生活在当时在建的沙德大厦72楼!
[例]The work done,we went home.(表示时间)
工作完成后,我们就回家了。
[例]The four of us agreed on a division of labour,each to translate a quarter of the book.(表示方式)
我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。
[例]An important lecture to be given tomorrow,the professor has to stay up late into the night.(表示原因)
因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲,教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
[例]My health allowing,I will work far into the afternoon.(表示条件)
如果我的健康允许,我会工作到下午。
[例]He was lying on the grass,his hands crossed under his head.(表示伴随)
他躺在草地上,双手交叉枕在脑后。
归纳拓展
独立主格结构的构成:
(1)逻辑主语+现在分词
(2)逻辑主语+过去分词
(3)逻辑主语+不定式
(4)逻辑主语+形容词
(5)逻辑主语+副词
(6)逻辑主语+介词短语
独立主格结构在句中可作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等;独立主格结构也可作定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/翻译句子
?A great weight    (take) off his mind,he went to bed.?
?All these clothes          (wash),I can’t go out for a film.?
?The rain        (stop),he went out for a walk.?
?(读后续写之动作描写)新老师面带微笑走了进来。
taken
to wash
having stopped
The new teacher came in,a smile on her face.
长难句分析
[教材原句] ?There is evidence ?that urban racoons are more intelligent than their wild cousins,?as they frequently have to figure out difficult problems? such as how to open rubbish bins and other containers ?which they would not find in the wild.
尝试分析:本句是复合句。?是there be句型;?是that引导的同位语从句,作evidence的同位语。?是as引导的原因状语从句,其中?为which引导的定语从句,修饰先行词other containers。
自主翻译:有证据显示,和野生的浣熊相比,城市里的浣熊更聪明,因为它们时常要想办法解决难题,比如怎么打开垃圾桶以及其他它们在野外不会见到的容器。
[语境运用] 情境写作
有证据显示,沉迷于上网的人比不沉迷于上网的人记忆力差,因为上网会导致记忆力下降。
There is evidence that people who are addicted to the Internet have worse memory than those who are not, as surfing on the Internet can cause the decline of memory.
语法原句再现
?No matter how many crimes he committed,the police were powerless to arrest him.
?However true this is,we also need to consider that some of these so-called “urban animals” have never moved at all—it’s we humans who have moved into their territory.
?Wherever they go,animals find towns and cities in their way.
?However they adapt to our ways of urban living,it’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours.
?Whatever the reasons behind these species entering our cities,one thing is for sure—as it’s often a means of their survival,they could be with us to stay.
以上例句中的no matter how、however、wherever、whatever都可以引导让步状语从句,有些还可以引导名词性从句,你知道它们的区别吗?
语法知识点拨
一、二者的相同点
“疑问词+-ever”和“no matter+疑问词”都可以引导让步状语从句,均表示
“无论,不管”,可互换。
Whatever happened,he wouldn’t say a word.
=No matter what happened,he wouldn’t say a word.
无论发生了什么,他都一言不发。
I don’t want to see them,whoever they are.
=I don’t want to see them,no matter who they are.
无论他们是谁,我都不想见。
Whichever day you come,we will be pleased to see you.
=No matter which day you come,we will be pleased to see you.
无论你哪一天来,我们都会很高兴见到你。
however引导让步状语从句时,其后要紧跟形容词或副词,即“However+
adj./adv.+主语+谓语”。另外,however还可作副词,意为“然而”。
温馨提示
二、二者的不同点
“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句,而whatever、whoever、whomever、whichever等还可以引导名词性从句。
1.whoever意为“任何人”,在从句中通常作主语,相当于anyone who。
Whoever smokes here will be punished.
无论谁在这里吸烟都将受到惩罚。(主语从句,代词whoever在从句中作主语。)
2.whomever意为“任何人”,在从句中通常作宾语,相当于anyone whom。但是,在口语中,英美人士常用whoever代替whomever。
You may invite whomever/whoever you like to the party.
你可以邀请你喜欢的任何人参加这个聚会。(宾语从句,whomever作动词like的宾语。)
3.whatever意为“任何……的事物”时,相当于anything that,在从句中可作主语、表语或宾语;意为“什么样的”时,在从句中作定语。
You can do whatever you want in your spare time.
在业余时间,你可以做你想做的任何事。(宾语从句,whatever作动词want的宾语。)
You can have whatever car you want.
你可以拥有你想要的任何一辆汽车。(宾语从句,whatever作定语,修饰名词car。)
4.whichever意为“任何一个”,既可指人,又可指物,通常表示在一定的范围内进行选择。在从句中,whichever可作主语、表语或宾语,有时也可作定语。
Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize.
你们谁第一个到这儿,谁就获奖。(主语从句,whichever of you在从句中作主语。)
Choose whichever brand you prefer.
挑选你喜欢的任何一种品牌。(宾语从句,whichever作定语,修饰名词brand。)
真题体验
1.(2024·全国甲卷)This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out to be quite practical,especially
      we share the newspaper.?
【解析】 此处为“疑问词+-ever”引导的状语从句。从句缺少时间状语。句意为“这次培训教会了她倒着读和写中文——这项技能非常实用,尤其是在我们分享报纸的时候”。故填whenever。
whenever
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Families gather for big meals on Sundays,birthdays,
and       other excuses they can come up with.?
【解析】 此处为“疑问词+-ever”引导的让步状语从句。从句缺少定语修饰other excuses。句意为“一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐”。故填whatever。
whatever
3.(2024·新高考全国 Ⅱ 卷)      disadvantages life in Italy might have,
the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.?
【解析】 此处为“疑问词+-ever”引导的让步状语从句。从句缺少定语修饰disadvantages。句意为“无论意大利的生活有什么缺点,一旦你跟朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐,这些问题就会被遗忘”。故填Whatever。
Whatever
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.完成句子
1.但无论需要多长时间,这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通系统和城市。
But              , the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities.?
2.锻炼能让你更清醒,为一天的工作做好准备。
Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle      ?
     for the day.?
no matter how/however long it takes
whatever is ahead
of you
3.无论你选择哪条路,最重要的是要保持专注并努力工作。
              ,the most important thing is to stay committed and work hard.?
4.你说什么都很有条理。
           is well organised.?
5.无论有多痛,他都能做到。
               ,he could do it.?
6.无论谁试图阻止我们,我们都会继续追求我们的梦想。
              ,we will continue to pursue our dreams.
Whichever/No matter which path you choose
Whatever you say
However/No matter how much it hurt
No matter who/Whoever tries to stop us
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.无论你喜欢做什么,总有一种方法能够让你在地球日参与各种各样的活动。
Whatever you like to do,there is always a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day./Whatever your interest is,you can always find a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.
2.无论你身在何处,你也许已走出父母的视线,但从未走出他们的思念。
You may be out of your parents’ sight but never out of their mind wherever you are/no matter where you are.
3.无论何时你感到孤独,给我打个电话,我们可以聊聊。
Whenever/No matter when you feel lonely,give me a call and we can chat.
4.下次你散步时,无论在哪里,都要留意所有的风景、声音和感觉。
Next time you take a walk, no matter where/wherever it is, take notice of all the sights, sounds and sensations.
5.我们已经准备好尽一切努力挽救她的生命。
We have been prepared to do whatever it takes to save her life.

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