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人教版八年级下册英语 Unit 5 单元基础卷
（考试时间：90 分钟 满分：120 分）
第一部分 听力（共 20 分）
Ⅰ. 短对话理解（10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
听下面 10 段短对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。每段对话读 1 遍。
（ ）1.What was the girl doing when the rainstorm started
A. Doing homework. B. Waiting for the bus. C. Sleeping. D. Cooking.
（ ）2. Why did the boy get wet
A. He forgot his umbrella. B. The wind blew his umbrella away.
C. He walked in the rain on purpose. D. His umbrella was broken.
（ ）3. What will the speakers do first
A. Buy emergency supplies. B. Cover the windows.
C. Call their relatives. D. Turn off the power.
（ ）4. What can we infer about the weather
A. It will be sunny. B. A typhoon is coming.
C. It’s snowing heavily. D. There will be a drought.
（ ）5. How did the girl feel during the earthquake
A. Excited. B. Calm. C. Scared. D. Bored.
（ ）6. What time did the alarm go off
A. At 7:00 a.m. B. At 8:00 p.m. C. At midnight. D. At noon.
（ ）7. What did the teacher warn the students to do
A. Keep the windows open. B. Don’t go to school tomorrow.
C. Finish homework early. D. Stay away from the river.
（ ）8. Why was the boy late for school
A. He missed the bus. B. There was a landslide on the road.
C. He woke up late. D. His bike broke down.
（ ）9. What are the speakers talking about
A. Their weekend plans. B. A new movie.
C. Their favorite books. D. A terrible flood.
（ ）10. What will the boy bring to the community
A. Food and water. B. Clothes and blankets.
C. Books and pens. D. Toys and games.
Ⅱ. 长对话理解（5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
听下面 2 段长对话，每段对话后有几个小题。从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。每段对话读 2 遍。
听第一段长对话，回答第 11-12 小题
（ ）11.What was Tom doing when the typhoon hit
Watching TV at home. B. Walking on the street.
C. Studying in the library. D. Swimming in the pool.
（ ）12. How did Tom get home safely
A. His father drove him home. B. He took a bus.
C. He walked with his friend. D. A policeman helped him.
听第二段长对话，回答第 13-15 小题
（ ）13.What happened to Lucy’s neighborhood last week
A fire broke out. B. A flood hit it.
C. An earthquake happened. D. A snowstorm came.
（ ）14. Who helped Lucy’s family clean the house
A. Her relatives. B. Her teachers. C. Volunteers. D. Her classmates.
（ ）15. What did Lucy learn from the experience
A. We should run away from disasters. B. We should not help others.
C. Natural disasters are not scary. D. We should stay calm in danger.
第二部分 笔试（共 100 分）
Ⅰ. 完形填空（15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last month, a terrible rainstorm hit our city. I was at school when it started. Our teacher 16 us to stay in the classroom and not to go out. Some students were scared, but our teacher tried to keep us 17 . She told us staying calm was important when facing natural disasters.
The rain beat heavily against the windows, and the wind blew 18 . All of a sudden, the power 19 , making the classroom dark. Our teacher took out her flashlight and also 20 us how to protect ourselves during rainstorms.
After school, my father picked me up. On the way home, we saw fallen trees and broken street signs. Some houses’ roofs were damaged, and 21 was everywhere. My mother told us she had stored food and water 22 the storm came.
The next morning, my family and I joined volunteers to clean the street. 23 , no one was hurt in the storm. We met an old neighbor who found it 24 to repair his roof alone, so we helped him. 25 we were working, other neighbors joined us too.
My brother 26 the broken fence while I carried repair 27 . Our teacher told us 28 to stay safe during the work. In the end, we finished all the work together. It made me realize we should 29 each other in disasters and face difficulties 30 .
（ ）16.A. warned B. refused C. allowed D. invited
（ ）17.A. scared B. calm C. angry D. sad
（ ）18.A. gently B. softly C. strongly D. quietly
（ ）19.A. went off B. went out C. went on D. went up
（ ）20.A. advised B. told C. asked D. taught
（ ）21.A. floodwater B. snow C. sand D. leaves
（ ）22.A. after B. before C. during D. when
（ ）23.A. Unluckily B. thankfully C. Suddenly D. Usually
（ ）24.A. easy B. hard C. interesting D. boring
（ ）25.A. While B. When C. Until D. As soon as
（ ）26.A. is repairing B. repaired C. repairs D. was repairing
（ ）27.A. books B. clothes C. supplies D. toys
（ ）28.A. what B. how C. where D. who
（ ）29.A. help B. hurt C. fight D. ignore
（ ）30. A. sadly B. easily C. bravely D. carelessly
Ⅱ. 阅读理解（15 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Tilly Smith was a 10-year-old girl from England. In 2004, she was on vacation with her family in Thailand. One morning, she was walking on the beach with her mother when she noticed something strange. The water became dark and started to move back quickly. There were big waves and thick white froth on the surface.
Tilly remembered what she had learned in geography class. Her teacher told her that these signs meant a tsunami was coming. She quickly told her mother about it. Her mother then told the hotel workers. The workers immediately asked everyone to leave the beach and move to higher ground.
Thanks to Tilly’s quick thinking and knowledge, hundreds of people were saved. The tsunami hit the beach soon after, but no one on that beach was hurt. Tilly became a hero. She taught people that learning knowledge is very important, especially when facing natural disasters.
（ ）31. What did Tilly notice on the beach
The sun was shining brightly.
The water became dark and moved back quickly.
Many fish were swimming near the shore.
D. Some people were playing in the water.
（ ）32. How did Tilly know a tsunami was coming
Her mother told her. B. She saw it on TV.
C. She learned it in geography class. D. A hotel worker told her.
（ ）33. What can we learn from Tilly’s story
We should travel to Thailand. B. Knowledge can save lives.
C. Tsunamis are not dangerous. D. We should not go to the beach.
B
Typhoons are strong storms that often hit coastal areas. They bring strong winds, heavy rain and big waves. Typhoons can cause floods, landslides and damage to houses and trees. It’s important to know how to prepare for typhoons and stay safe.
Before a typhoon comes, we should make preparations. First, we should listen to the weather forecast and get the latest information. Second, we should store enough food, water and emergency supplies, such as candles, flashlights and first-aid kits. Third, we should cover the windows with wood or plastic to prevent them from breaking. We should also move important things to higher places to avoid flood damage.
During a typhoon, we should stay indoors and not go out. We should turn off the power and gas to avoid accidents. If we are outside, we should find a safe place to hide, such as a strong building, and stay away from trees, signs and power lines.
After a typhoon, we should be careful when going out. We should avoid walking on flooded roads and check for broken power lines. We should also help clean the neighborhood and support people in need.
（ ）34. What do typhoons bring
Strong winds and heavy rain. B. Snow and cold weather.
C. Dry air and sunshine. D. Fog and low visibility.
（ ）35. What should we do before a typhoon comes
Go to the beach to watch the waves. B. Store enough food and water.
C. Drive to other cities. D. Open the windows to let fresh air in.
（ ）36. Why should we cover the windows before a typhoon
To keep the room warm. B. To stop the wind from coming in.
C. To make the room dark. D. To prevent them from breaking.
（ ）37. What is the main idea of the passage
How typhoons form. B. The damage caused by typhoons.
C. How to stay safe during typhoons. D. The history of typhoons.
C
On July 28, 1976, a big earthquake hit Tangshan, China. It was one of the most terrible earthquakes in Chinese history. The earthquake happened at 3:42 a.m., when most people were sleeping soundly. The shaking was so strong that many buildings fell down in a short time.
After the earthquake, the whole city was in ruins. There was no power, water or food. People were scared and homeless. Some people were trapped under the ruins, and others were hurt badly. But people didn’t give up. Firefighters, soldiers and volunteers came to help. They worked day and night to rescue people and send supplies.
During the rescue work, many heroes appeared. They risked their lives to save others. For example, a young soldier saved 10 people from the ruins but was hurt himself. Local people also helped each other. They shared food and water and took care of the injured.
With the help of the whole country, Tangshan started to rebuild. Today, Tangshan is a beautiful and modern city. The earthquake taught people the importance of unity and courage. It also made people pay more attention to earthquake prevention and preparedness.
（ ）38. When did the Tangshan earthquake happen
A. In the evening. B. In the afternoon. C. In the morning. D. At night.
（ ）39. What happened after the earthquake
The city was in ruins. B. People were having a party.
C. The power was still on. D. All buildings were safe.
（ ）40. Who came to help Tangshan after the earthquake
Only firefighters. B. Firefighters, soldiers and volunteers.
C. Only local people. D. No one came to help.
41. What can we learn from the passage
A. Earthquakes are not dangerous. B. Unity and courage are important in difficulties.
C. Tangshan is still in ruins now. D. No one was hurt in the earthquake.
D
Wildfires are common natural disasters, especially in dry areas. They can be caused by many things, such as lightning, human carelessness and high temperatures. Wildfires spread quickly and can burn forests, houses and crops. They are very dangerous to people and animals.
When a wildfire breaks out, it’s important to stay safe. If you are in a forest, you should run to an open area, such as a field or a road. You should avoid running into the forest or hiding in a small house. You can also lie on the ground and cover your body with wet clothes to protect yourself from smoke.
Firefighters play an important role in putting out wildfires. They use fire trucks, helicopters and special tools to fight the fires. Sometimes they also create firebreaks, which are areas without trees or grass, to stop the fire from spreading. Volunteers also help by providing food and water for firefighters and helping to evacuate people.
We can also take actions to prevent wildfires. First, we should not start fires in dry areas. Second, we should put out campfires completely before leaving. Third, we should not throw cigarette butts everywhere. Finally, we should plant more trees and keep the environment green, which can help reduce the risk of wildfires.
Wildfires are terrible, but with proper prevention and response, we can reduce their damage. Everyone has a responsibility to protect the environment and stay safe from wildfires.
（ ）42. What can cause wildfires
Fog and wind. B. Heavy rain and cold weather.
C. Snow and low temperatures. D. Lightning and human carelessness.
（ ）43. What should you do if you are in a forest when a wildfire breaks out
Hide in a small house. B. Climb a tree.
C. Run to an open area. D. Stay where you are.
（ ）44. How do firefighters stop wildfires from spreading
By planting more trees. B. By creating firebreaks.
C. By using wet clothes. D. By turning on the water supply.
（ ）45. What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage
To tell a story about a wildfire.
B. To explain how wildfires form.
C. To teach people to prevent and respond to wildfires.
D. To introduce famous firefighters.
Ⅲ. 任务型阅读（5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Stay Calm During Natural Disasters
Natural disasters can be scary, but staying calm is important for our safety. Here are some tips to help you stay calm during natural disasters.
46. ________. When a natural disaster happens, many people feel scared and nervous. But panicking will not help. It will only make you make wrong decisions. Take a deep breath and tell yourself to stay calm. This can help you think clearly.
47. ________. Before a natural disaster comes, learn as much as you can about it. Know what to do before, during and after the disaster. For example, learn how to hide during an earthquake or how to evacuate during a flood. Knowledge can make you feel more confident.
48. ________. If you are with your family or friends, stay together. Talk to each other and support each other. Sharing your feelings can help reduce fear. You can also help each other prepare for the disaster.
49. ________. Follow the instructions of teachers, parents or rescue workers. They have more experience and know what to do. Don’t do anything dangerous, such as running outside during a typhoon.
50. ________. After the disaster, do something to relax. For example, listen to music, read a book or talk to your family. This can help you get over the fear and return to normal life.
A. Stay with others
B. Follow instructions
C. Don’t panic
D. Prepare emergency supplies
E. Learn about the disaster
F. Clean the neighborhood
G. Relax after the disaster
Ⅳ. 词汇部分（25 分）
A. 选词填空（5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
从方框中选择适当的词，并用其正确形式填空。每个词限用一次。
warn, prepare, beat, hide, supply
51. The teacher ________ us to stay away from the flooded area yesterday.
52. They are ________ for the coming typhoon by storing food and water.
53. The rain ________ against the windows heavily last night.
54. The little boy ________ behind the door when he heard the thunder.
55. The government ________ food and water to the people in the disaster area.
B. 短文填空（10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
阅读下面短文，根据汉语提示或上下文语境填空。每空限填一词。
Last year, a terrible flood hit our town. It happened all of a 56. ________（突然）. At that time, I was doing my homework at home. The wind was blowing 57. ________（猛烈地）, and the rain was falling heavily. My mother quickly closed the windows and turned off the 58. ________（电力）.
Soon, the floodwater came into our neighborhood. My father took out the emergency 59. ________（补给品）we had stored before. We climbed to the second floor to avoid the water. My little sister was scared, so my mother told her stories to keep her 60. ________（冷静的）.
After the flood, our house was in a mess. We had to clean it up. Volunteers came to help us. They brought food and clothes and helped us repair the broken things. 61. ________（幸亏）, no one in our family was hurt.
From this experience, I learned that we should always be 62. ________（准备好的）for natural disasters. We should listen to the weather forecast and follow the 63. ________（警告）of the government. When facing disasters, we should stay calm and 64. ________（帮助）each other. Only in this way can we get through the difficulties 65. ________（容易地）.
C. 语法填空（10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
On a rainy afternoon, I was walking home from school when the rainstorm started. I 66. ________（walk）along the street when I saw an old man standing under a tree. He didn’t have an umbrella and was getting wet.
I ran to him and shared my umbrella with him. The old man thanked me and told me that he was on his way to visit his grandson. We walked together 67. ________ the rain stopped. During the walk, he told me a story about his experience in an earthquake when he was young. He said that 68. ________（stay）calm was very important in disasters.
When we arrived at his grandson’s house, the rain had stopped. The old man invited me to come in, but I refused because I wanted to go home. Before I left, he gave me a book about natural disasters. He said, “Knowledge is power. It can help you 69. ________（protect）yourself in danger.”
I thanked him and went home. That day, I learned a lot. I realized that helping others is a happy thing. I also understood the importance of knowledge. 70. ________ we face natural disasters, we should keep calm and use our knowledge to get out of trouble.
Now, I often read the book the old man gave me. I hope that I can use the knowledge 71. ________（help）more people in the future. Last week, our teacher asked us 72. ________（write）a report about natural disasters. I wrote about my experience with the old man and shared some tips on 73. ________（stay）safe during disasters.
The teacher praised my report and said that it was very useful. She also told us that we should always be careful and prepare for natural disasters. I think that 74. ________ we work together, we can reduce the damage of natural disasters and keep ourselves safe. This experience will always stay in my memory and encourage me 75. ________（be）a helpful person.
Ⅴ. 书面表达（20 分）
假设你是李华，你们学校将举办一次“自然灾害应对”主题班会，请你根据以下提示，写一篇演讲稿，向同学们介绍应对暴雨的建议，词数 70-90 词。
提示：1. 暴雨前：准备应急物资，封住窗户；2. 暴雨中：待在室内，关闭电源；3. 暴雨后：远离积水路段，注意安全。
要求：内容完整，语法正确，语句流畅，逻辑清晰，禁止出现真实姓名和校名。
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人教版八年级下册英语Unit 5单元基础卷 听力原文+答案及解析
一、听力原文
Ⅰ. 短对话理解（每段对话读1遍）
M: What were you doing when the rainstorm started, Lily
W: I was waiting for the bus at the bus stop. I got all wet.
W: You look wet all over. Why didn’t you use your umbrella
M: I forgot to take it with me this morning. It rained suddenly.
M: The weather report says a typhoon is coming. What should we do first
W: I think we should cover the windows to prevent them from breaking.
W: Did you hear the weather forecast We need to store some food and water.
M: Yes, I did. A strong typhoon is on the way.
M: How did you feel when the earthquake happened
W: I was so scared that I couldn’t move. My mom held me tightly.
W: Did you hear the alarm last night It was so loud.
M: Yes, it went off at midnight. I woke up immediately.
M: What did our teacher say in the morning
W: She warned us to stay away from the river because of the heavy rain.
W: You are late for school again. What happened this time
M: There was a landslide on the road, so the bus was delayed.
M: Did you watch the news last night A terrible flood hit the south of our country.
W: Yes, I did. Many people lost their homes.
W: What will you bring to the community They need help after the flood.
M: I will bring some food and water for the people there.
Ⅱ. 长对话理解（每段对话读2遍）
第一段长对话（回答第11-12小题）
W: Tom, where were you when the typhoon hit our city yesterday
M: I was studying in the library. I didn’t know it was coming until the wind became strong.
W: Oh, that’s dangerous. How did you get home safely
M: My father drove to the library to pick me up. The road was very wet and slippery.
W: I’m glad you got home safely.
M: Thank you. I will stay at home next time when a typhoon comes.
第二段长对话（回答第13-15小题）
M: Lucy, you look tired. What happened to you last week
W: A flood hit our neighborhood last Wednesday. Our house was covered with water.
M: That’s terrible. Did anyone help you
W: Yes, many volunteers came to our neighborhood. They helped us clean the house and bring food.
M: What did you learn from this experience
W: I learned that we should stay calm in danger. Panic can’t help us solve problems.
M: You’re right. We should also help each other when disasters happen.
W: I agree with you.
听力答案：
1-10:B A B B C C D B D A
11-15: C A B C D
二、笔试部分 答案及解析
Ⅰ. 完形填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
【参考答案】16.A 17.B 18.C 19.B 20.D 21.A 22.B 23.B 24.B 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.B 29.A 30.C
【逐题解析】
16. A. warned（考查动词辨析）
解析：A. warned（警告、告诫）；B. refused（拒绝）；C. allowed（允许）；D. invited（邀请）。暴风雨来临时，老师会“警告”学生待在教室，符合安全场景；其他选项语义不符，故选A。
17. B. calm（考查形容词辨析+上下文逻辑）
解析：A. scared（害怕的）；B. calm（冷静的）；C. angry（生气的）；D. sad（难过的）。前文提到“some students were scared”，but表转折，老师试图让学生“冷静”，且后文提及“staying calm was important”，呼应主题，故选B。
18. C. strongly（考查副词辨析+语境搭配）
解析：A. gently（轻柔地）；B. softly（柔和地）；C. strongly（猛烈地）；D. quietly（安静地）。由“terrible rainstorm”可知，风应该是“猛烈地”吹，与“rain beat heavily”呼应，故选C。
19. B. went out（考查动词短语辨析）
解析：A. went off（（闹钟）响起、水电中断）；B. went out（熄灭、断电）；C. went on（继续）；D. went up（上升）。后文“the classroom became dark”提示“断电”，go out 可表示“（电力）中断、熄灭”，贴合语境；go off 更侧重闹钟响起，故选B。
20. D. taught（考查动词辨析+固定搭配）
解析：D. taught（教）；B. told（告诉）；C. asked（问）；A. advised（建议）。teach sb. how to do sth.（教某人如何做某事）是固定搭配，老师教学生防灾知识，符合语境；tell sb. sth. 不接“how to do”结构，故选D。
21. A. floodwater（考查名词辨析+上下文）
解析：A. floodwater（洪水、积水）；B. snow（雪）；C. sand（沙子）；D. leaves（树叶）。暴风雨会导致“积水”，结合“houses’ roofs were damaged”，只有floodwater符合场景，故选A。
22. B. before（考查介词/连词辨析+逻辑顺序）
解析：A. after（在……之后）；B. before（在……之前）；C. during（在……期间）；D. when（当……时）。储存食物和水是“暴风雨来临前”的准备工作，符合防灾常识，故选B。
23. B. thankfully（考查副词辨析+情感色彩）
解析：A. Unluckily（不幸地）；B. thankfully（庆幸地）；C. Suddenly（突然地）；D. Usually（通常地）。“no one was hurt”（无人受伤）是幸运的事，用thankfully表达庆幸，故选B。
24. B. hard（考查形容词辨析+固定句型）
解析：A. easy（容易的）；B. hard（困难的）；C. interesting（有趣的）；D. boring（无聊的）。固定句型find it + adj. + to do sth.（发现做某事……），老人独自修屋顶很“困难”，所以才需要帮助，故选B。
25. A. While（考查连词辨析+时态搭配）
解析：A. While（当……时，后接进行时）；B. When（当……时，可接任意时态）；C. Until（直到）；D. As soon as（一……就）。后文“we were working”是过去进行时，强调两个动作同时进行，用While更合适，故选A。
26. D. was repairing（考查动词时态）
解析：D. was repairing（过去进行时）；B. repaired（一般过去时）；C. repairs（一般现在时）；A. is repairing（现在进行时）。while连接两个同时进行的动作，后半句“was carrying”是过去进行时，前半句也用过去进行时，故选D。
27. C. supplies（考查名词辨析+语境）
解析：C. supplies（物资、补给品）；B. clothes（衣服）；A. books（书）；D. toys（玩具）。修理屋顶需要“修理物资”，repair supplies 为固定搭配，其他选项与场景无关，故选C。
28. B. how（考查疑问词辨析+固定结构）
解析：A. what（什么）；B. how（如何）；C. where（哪里）；D. who（谁）。固定结构tell sb. how to do sth.（告诉某人如何做某事），老师告诉学生“如何”在工作中保证安全，故选B。
29. A. help（考查动词辨析+文章主旨）
解析：A. help（帮助）；B. hurt（伤害）；C. fight（打架）；D. ignore（忽视）。文章围绕自然灾害中互助展开，此处指“互相帮助”，贴合主旨，故选A。
30. C. bravely（考查副词辨析+语境）
解析：C. bravely（勇敢地）；B. easily（容易地）；A. sadly（难过地）；D. carelessly（粗心地）。面对困难应该“勇敢地”面对，与前文“face natural disasters bravely”呼应，故选C。
Ⅱ. 阅读理解（15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
【参考答案】31.B 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.B 36.D 37.C 38.C 39.A 40.B 41.B 42.D 43.C 44.B 45.C
【逐题解析】
A篇（31-33题）
31. B 解析：细节理解题。由第一段“she noticed something strange. The water became dark and started to move back quickly”可知，Tilly在海滩上发现水变深且快速退去，故选B。
32. C 解析：细节理解题。由第二段“Tilly remembered what she had learned in geography class. Her teacher told her that these signs meant a tsunami was coming”可知，她是在地理课上学到的海啸前兆知识，故选C。
33. B 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段“Thanks to Tilly’s quick thinking and knowledge, hundreds of people were saved”可知，知识可以拯救生命，故选B；A、C、D均与原文不符。
B篇（34-37题）
34. A 解析：细节理解题。由第一段“Typhoons are strong storms that often hit coastal areas. They bring strong winds, heavy rain and big waves”可知，台风带来强风和暴雨，故选A。
35. B 解析：细节理解题。由第二段“Before a typhoon comes... Second, we should store enough food, water and emergency supplies”可知，台风来临前应储存足够的食物和水，故选B；A、C、D均为错误做法。
36. D 解析：细节理解题。由第二段“we should cover the windows with wood or plastic to prevent them from breaking”可知，封窗户是为了防止玻璃破碎，故选D。
37. C 解析：主旨大意题。文章第二段讲台风前的准备，第三段讲台风中的注意事项，第四段讲台风后的做法，核心是“如何在台风中保证安全”，故选C。
C篇（38-41题）
38. C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段“The earthquake happened at 3:42 a.m.”可知，地震发生在凌晨，属于早上，故选C。
39. A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段“After the earthquake, the whole city was in ruins”可知，地震后城市变成一片废墟，故选A；B、C、D均与原文不符。
40. B 解析：细节理解题。由第二段“Firefighters, soldiers and volunteers came to help”可知，消防员、士兵和志愿者来帮忙，故选B。
41. B 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段“The earthquake taught people the importance of unity and courage”可知，困难中团结和勇气很重要，故选B；A、C、D均与原文不符。
D篇（42-45题）
42. D 解析：细节理解题。由第一段“They can be caused by many things, such as lightning, human carelessness and high temperatures”可知，闪电和人类的粗心会引发野火，故选D。
43. C 解析：细节理解题。由第二段“If you are in a forest, you should run to an open area, such as a field or a road”可知，森林中发生野火时，应跑到开阔地带，故选C；A、B、D均为危险做法。
44. B 解析：细节理解题。由第三段“Sometimes they also create firebreaks, which are areas without trees or grass, to stop the fire from spreading”可知，消防员通过开辟防火带阻止火势蔓延，故选B。
45. C 解析：主旨大意题。文章第二段讲野火发生时如何自保，第三段讲消防员和志愿者的行动，第四段讲如何预防野火，核心是“教人们预防和应对野火”，故选C。
Ⅲ. 任务型阅读（5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
【参考答案】46.C 47.E 48.A 49.B 50.G
【逐题解析】
46. C. Don’t panic 解析：由下文“But panicking will not help... Take a deep breath and tell yourself to stay calm”可知，本段核心是“不要恐慌”，故选C。
47. E. Learn about the disaster 解析：由下文“learn as much as you can about it. Know what to do before, during and after the disaster”可知，本段核心是“了解灾害”，故选E。
48. A. Stay with others 解析：由下文“If you are with your family or friends, stay together. Talk to each other and support each other”可知，本段核心是“和他人待在一起”，故选A。
49. B. Follow instructions 解析：由下文“Follow the instructions of teachers, parents or rescue workers”可知，本段核心是“听从指示”，故选B。
50. G. Relax after the disaster 解析：由下文“After the disaster, do something to relax”可知，本段核心是“灾后放松”，故选G。
Ⅳ. 词汇部分（25分）
A. 选词填空（5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
【参考答案】51.warned 52.preparing 53.beat 54.hid 55.supplied
【逐题解析】
51. warned 解析：由yesterday可知用一般过去时；warn sb. to do sth.（警告某人做某事），符合句意“老师昨天警告我们远离积水区域”。
52. preparing 解析：由are可知用现在进行时；prepare for（为……做准备），符合句意“他们正在储存食物和水，为即将到来的台风做准备”。
53. beat 解析：由last night可知用一般过去时；beat against（拍打），固定搭配，句意“昨晚雨猛烈地拍打窗户”。
54. hid 解析：由heard可知用一般过去时；hide behind（躲在……后面），句意“小男孩听到雷声时，躲到了门后”。
55. supplied 解析：此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时；supply sth. to sb.（给某人提供某物），句意“政府给灾区人民提供了食物和水”。
B. 短文填空（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
【参考答案】56.sudden 57.heavily 58.power 59.supplies 60.calm 61.Thankfully 62.ready 63.warnings 64.help 65.easily
【逐题解析】
56. sudden 解析：all of a sudden（突然），固定短语。
57. heavily 解析：修饰动词blowing，用副词；结合语境，暴风雨中 wind 猛烈地吹，用heavily（猛烈地）。
58. power 解析：turn off the power（关闭电源），固定搭配，符合防灾场景。
59. supplies 解析：emergency supplies（应急物资），固定短语，结合前文“stored”可知，此处指储存的应急物资。
60. calm 解析：keep sb. calm（让某人保持冷静），结合前文“my little sister was scared”，妈妈讲故事让她冷静。
61. Thankfully 解析：修饰整个句子，表达庆幸，句意“幸亏，我们家没有人受伤”；句首首字母大写。
62. ready 解析：be ready for（为……做好准备），固定短语，句意“我们应该始终为自然灾害做好准备”。
63. warnings 解析：由the可知用名词；warning（警告），此处用复数形式warnings，指政府的各种警告。
64. help 解析：and连接并列成分，stay calm 是动词原形，此处也用动词原形help，句意“面对灾害，我们应该保持冷静、互相帮助”。
65. easily 解析：修饰动词短语get through，用副词easily（容易地），句意“只有这样，我们才能容易地度过困难”。
C. 语法填空（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
【参考答案】66.was walking 67.until 68.staying 69.protect 70.When 71.to help 72.to write 73.staying 74.if 75.to be
【逐题解析】
66. was walking 解析：考查过去进行时。when引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时（saw），主句用过去进行时，强调“正在走路时，看到老人”，结构为was/were + doing，主语I，故填was walking。
67. until 解析：考查连词。句意“我们一起走，直到雨停”，until（直到），引导时间状语从句，符合语境。
68. staying 解析：考查动名词作主语。句意“他说在灾害中保持冷静非常重要”，此处staying calm 作主语，动名词可作主语，故填staying。
69. protect 解析：考查固定搭配。help sb. (to) do sth.（帮助某人做某事），to可省略，故填protect。
70. When 解析：考查连词。句意“当我们面对自然灾害时，我们应该保持冷静”，When（当……时），引导时间状语从句，句首首字母大写。
71. to help 解析：考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意“我希望将来能用这些知识帮助更多的人”，to help 表目的，故填to help。
72. to write 解析：考查固定搭配。ask sb. to do sth.（要求某人做某事），故填to write。
73. staying 解析：考查动名词作介词宾语。on是介词，后接动名词，故填staying。
74. if 解析：考查连词。句意“我认为如果我们一起努力，我们就能减少自然灾害的破坏”，if（如果），引导条件状语从句，符合语境。
75. to be 解析：考查固定搭配。encourage sb. to do sth.（鼓励某人做某事），故填to be。
Ⅴ. 书面表达（20分）
【参考范文】
Dear classmates,
Today, I want to talk about how to deal with rainstorms. It’s important to know some tips to keep safe.
Before a rainstorm, we should prepare emergency supplies, such as food and water. We should also cover the windows to prevent them from breaking. During the rainstorm, we must stay indoors and turn off the power to avoid accidents. After the rainstorm, we should stay away from flooded roads and be careful when going out.
Let’s remember these tips and keep ourselves safe when rainstorms come.
Thank you!

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