人教版八年级下册英语Unit 5 Natures Temper单元知识梳理课件(含词汇解析)

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人教版八年级下册英语Unit 5 Natures Temper单元知识梳理课件(含词汇解析)

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人教版八年级下册英语
Unit 5 Nature's Temper
单元课件
CONTENTS
目录
01
重要词汇解析
02
重点短语
03
单元语法精讲解析
04
重点句型(交际+写作必备)
05
书面表达(范文)
重要词汇解析
01
动词词形变换1-4
warn
warn(警告;提醒)→ 名词:warning(警告;警示)→ 形容词:warned(被警告的)
例句:The teacher warned students of the upcoming typhoon.(老师提醒学生们注意即将到来的台风。)
flood
flood(淹没;泛滥)→ 名词:flood(洪水)→ 形容词:flooded(被淹没的)
例句:Heavy rain flooded the streets last night.(昨晚大雨淹没了街道。)
wave
wave(挥手;波动)→ 名词:wave(波浪;挥手)→ 形容词:waving(挥动的)
例句:She waved to her parents before getting on the bus.(她上车前向父母挥了挥手。)
interview
interview(采访;面试)→ 名词:interview(采访;面试)→ 名词:interviewer(采访者;面试官)
例句:The reporter interviewed the flood survivors.(记者采访了洪水幸存者。)
动词词形变换5-8
report
report(报道;报告)→ 名词:report(报告;报道)→ 名词:reporter(记者)
例句:He reported the accident to the police immediately.(他立即向警方报告了事故。)
supply
supply(提供;供应)→ 名词:supply(供应;补给)→ 名词复数:supplies(物资)
例句:The government supplied food to the disaster area.(政府向灾区提供了食物。)
beat
beat(敲打;打败)→ 过去式/过去分词:beat/beaten → 名词:beat(节拍)
例句:The rain beat against the windows all night.(雨整夜敲打着窗户。)
hide
hide(躲藏;隐藏)→ 过去式/过去分词:hid/hidden → 名词:hiding(躲藏)
例句:They hid in the basement during the tornado.(龙卷风期间他们躲在地下室。)
动词词形变换9-12
refuse
refuse(拒绝;不愿)→ 名词:refusal(拒绝)→ 形容词:refused(被拒绝的)
例句:She refused to leave the dangerous area.(她拒绝离开危险区域。)
guard
guard(保卫;看守)→ 名词:guard(卫兵;保卫)→ 形容词:guarded(被保卫的)
例句:Security guards guarded the emergency supplies.(保安看守着应急物资。)
scream
动词:scream(尖叫;呼喊)→ 名词:scream(尖叫)→ 形容词:screaming(尖叫的)
例句:People screamed when the earthquake happened.(地震发生时人们尖叫起来。)
rescue
动词:rescue(营救;救援)→ 名词:rescue(救援)→ 名词:rescuer(救援者)
例句:Firefighters rescued five people from the burning building.(消防员从着火的大楼里救出了五个人。)
动词词形变换:拓展词汇
review
review(复习;回顾)→ 名词:review(回顾;审查)→ 名词:reviewer(评论者)
例句:We need to review the disaster response plan.(我们需要复习灾害应对计划。)
wake
wake(醒来;唤醒)→ 名词:wake(醒来;唤醒)→ 形容词:awake(醒着的)
例句:The alarm woke me up during the storm.(暴风雨期间闹钟把我叫醒了。)
volunteer
volunteer(自愿做)→ 名词:volunteer(志愿者)→ 形容词:voluntary(自愿的)
例句:Many people volunteered to help flood victims.(许多人自愿帮助洪水灾民。)
thunder
thunder(打雷;发出雷鸣声)→ 名词:thunder(雷;雷声)→ 形容词:thunderous(雷鸣般的)
例句:It thundered loudly during the heavy rain.(大雨期间雷声大作。)
名词词形变换:基础词汇衍生(一)
temper
名词:temper(脾气;情绪)→ 形容词:tempered(脾气…的)→ 固定搭配:lose one's temper(发脾气)
例句:Nature sometimes loses its temper with disasters.(大自然有时会因灾害发脾气。)
trouble
名词:trouble(麻烦;困难)→ 动词:trouble(使烦恼)→ 形容词:troublesome(麻烦的)
例句:He got into trouble during the typhoon.(他在台风期间遇到了麻烦。)
relative
名词:relative(亲戚)→ 形容词:relative(相对的)→ 名词:relativity(相关性)
例句:We should help relatives during natural disasters.(自然灾害期间我们应该帮助亲戚。)
neighbourhood
neighbourhood(社区;街区)→ 名词:neighbour(邻居)→ 形容词:neighbouring(邻近的)
例句:The whole neighbourhood was affected by the flood.(整个社区都受到了洪水的影响。)
名词词形变换:基础词汇衍生(二)
roof
名词:roof(屋顶)→ 复数:roofs → 名词:rooftop(屋顶)
例句:The roof was damaged in the storm.(屋顶在暴风雨中受损了。)
preparation
名词:preparation(准备)→ 动词:prepare(准备)→ 形容词:preparatory(预备的)
例句:We made preparations for the coming hurricane.(我们为即将到来的飓风做了准备。)
power
名词:power(力量;电力)→ 形容词:powerful(强大的)→ 动词:power(驱动)
例句:The powerful storm cut off electricity.(强大的暴风雨切断了电力。)
tornado
名词:tornado(龙卷风)→ 复数:tornadoes/tornados → 形容词:tornadic(龙卷风的)
例句:A tornado hit the small town last night.(昨晚一场龙卷风袭击了这个小镇。)
security
名词:security(安全;保障)→ 形容词:secure(安全的)→ 副词:securely(安全地)
例句:We need to ensure the security of emergency shelters.(我们需要确保应急避难所的安全。)
heartbeat
合成名词:heartbeat(心跳)→ 拆分:heart(心脏)+ beat(跳动)
例句:Her heartbeat quickened during the earthquake.(地震期间她的心跳加快了。)
floodwater
合成名词:floodwater(洪水)→ 拆分:flood(洪水)+ water(水)
例句:Floodwater covered the streets after the heavy rain.(大雨后洪水淹没了街道。)
manpower
合成名词:manpower(人力)→ 拆分:man(人)+ power(力量)
例句:We need more manpower to clean up after the disaster.(灾后我们需要更多人力来清理。)
名词词形变换:基础词汇衍生(二)
名词词形变换:基础词汇衍生(二)
alarm
名词:alarm(警报;闹钟)→ 动词:alarm(使惊恐)→ 形容词:alarmed(惊恐的)
例句:The fire alarm went off suddenly.(火警突然响了。)
hero
名词:hero(英雄)→ 复数:heroes → 形容词:heroic(英雄的)
例句:Firefighters are heroes in times of disaster.(消防员是灾难时期的英雄。)
firefighter
合成名词:firefighter(消防队员)→ 拆分:fire(火)+ fighter(战斗者)
例句:Firefighters rescued people from the burning building.(消防员从着火的大楼里救出了人们。)
knowledge
名词:knowledge(知识)→ 动词:know(知道)→ 形容词:knowledgeable(知识渊博的)
例句:Knowledge of disaster prevention is important.(防灾知识很重要。)
名词词形变换:基础词汇衍生(三)
thinking
名词:thinking(思考)→ 动词:think(思考)→ 形容词:thoughtful(深思熟虑的)
例句:Critical thinking helps during emergencies.(紧急情况下批判性思维很有帮助。)
thickness
名词:thickness(厚度)→ 形容词:thick(厚的)→ 副词:thickly(浓密地)
例句:The thickness of the ice is dangerous for walking.(冰的厚度对行走来说很危险。)
soundness
名词:soundness(健康;可靠性)→ 形容词:sound(健康的)→ 副词:soundly(酣畅地)
例句:The soundness of the building was checked after the earthquake.(地震后检查了建筑物的安全性。)
possibility
名词:possibility(可能性)→ 形容词:possible(可能的)→ 副词:possibly(可能地)
例句:There is a possibility of heavy rain tomorrow.(明天有可能下大雨。)
形容词/副词词形变换(一)
thick
形容词:thick(厚的;浓密的)→ 副词:thickly(浓密地)→ 名词:thickness(厚度)
例句:The thick fog delayed the rescue work.(浓雾延误了救援工作。)
bad
形容词:bad(坏的)→ 副词:badly(糟糕地)→ 比较级:worse(更坏的)→ 最高级:worst(最坏的)
例句:The situation became worse during the storm.(暴风雨期间情况变得更糟了。)
sound
形容词:sound(健康的;可靠的)→ 副词:soundly(酣畅地)→ 名词:soundness(健康)
例句:She slept soundly after the emergency.(紧急情况后她睡得很香。)
possible
形容词:possible(可能的)→ 副词:possibly(可能地)→ 名词:possibility(可能性)
例句:It is possible to predict some natural disasters.(预测一些自然灾害是可能的。)
near
形容词:near(近的)→ 副词:nearly(几乎)→ 形容词:nearby(附近的)
例句:We found a nearby shelter during the typhoon.(台风期间我们找到了一个附近的避难所。)
thankful
形容词:thankful(感激的)→ 副词:thankfully(感激地)→ 名词:thanks(感谢)
例句:Thankfully, everyone survived the earthquake.(谢天谢地,所有人都在地震中幸存下来。)
terrible
形容词:terrible(可怕的)→ 副词:terribly(非常;可怕地)→ 名词:terror(恐惧)
例句:The terrible storm caused great damage.(可怕的暴风雨造成了巨大损失。)
sudden
形容词:sudden(突然的)→ 副词:suddenly(突然地)→ 名词:suddenness(突然)
例句:The sudden flood surprised everyone.(突然的洪水让所有人都感到惊讶。)
形容词/副词词形变换(二)
形容词/副词词形变换(二)
usual
形容词:usual(通常的)→ 副词:usually(通常)→ 反义词:unusual(不寻常的)
例句:It is unusual to have a tornado in this area.(这个地区发生龙卷风是不寻常的。)
lucky
形容词:lucky(幸运的)→ 副词:luckily(幸运地)→ 反义词:unlucky(不幸的)
例句:Luckily, we had emergency supplies at home.(幸运的是,我们家里有应急物资。)
rainy
形容词:rainy(多雨的)→ 名词:rain(雨)→ 名词:rainfall(降雨量)
例句:The rainy season brings frequent floods.(雨季带来频繁的洪水。)
southwestern
形容词:southwestern(西南的)→ 名词:southwest(西南)→ 副词:southwest(向西南)
例句:The typhoon hit the southwestern coast.(台风袭击了西南海岸。)
重点短语
02
lose one's temper:发脾气,可将自然灾害喻为“自然发脾气”
例:When nature loses its temper, earthquakes happen.(当大自然发脾气时,地震就会发生。)
do chores 做家务(单元基础短语)
例:She often helps her mother do chores after school.(她放学后经常帮妈妈做家务。)
make preparations 作准备,拓展:make preparations for sth. 为……做准备,
例:We need to make preparations for the coming exam.(我们需要为即将到来的考试做准备。)
基础短语及拓展
基础短语及拓展
security guard 保安人员
例:The security guard patrolled the building all night.(保安人员整夜在大楼巡逻。)
wake up 醒来;叫醒,wake sb. up(代词宾格放中间)叫醒某人
例:My father wakes me up at 7 a.m. every day.(爸爸每天早上7点叫醒我。)
go off:(警报器等)突然巨响、(闹钟)响起
例:The alarm went off at midnight.(闹钟在午夜响了。)
all of a sudden:突然、猛地,同义suddenly
例:All of a sudden, the lights went out.(突然,灯灭了。)
时间与状态类短语
by the time:到……的时候,引导时间状语从句,常与过去进行时搭配,
例:By the time I arrived, the meeting had started.(我到达时,会议已经开始了。)
as soon as:一……就……,引导时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”
例:I will call you as soon as I get home.(我一到家就给你打电话。)
out of breath:上气不接下气,表状态
例:He ran to the station and was out of breath.(他跑到车站,上气不接下气。)
as a result:因此、结果,表因果关系
例:It rained heavily; as a result, the game was canceled.(雨下得很大,因此比赛取消了。)
go wrong:出现问题;发生故障;搞错
例:Something went wrong with my phone.(我的手机出问题了。)
except for:除……之外(后接名/代,表整体排部分)
例:The room is clean except for a few books.(房间很干净,除了几本书。)
灾害相关实用短语
be in trouble(陷入困境)
例:The hikers were in trouble during the storm.
(徒步旅行者在暴风雨中陷入困境。)
get into trouble:遇到麻烦
例:He got into trouble for breaking the window.
(他因打破窗户而遇到麻烦。)
have trouble (in) doing sth.(做某事有困难)
例:I have trouble solving this math problem.
(我解这道数学题有困难。)
灾害相关短语及用法
应急物资(emergency supplies)
例:We stored emergency supplies before the typhoon.
(台风前我们储存了应急物资。)
防范自然灾害(guard against natural disasters)
例:We should guard against floods in rainy season.
(雨季我们应该防范洪水。)
supply sth. to sb. = supply sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物
例:The government supplied food to the victims.
(政府向灾民提供食物。)
灾害相关实用短语
躲避龙卷风(hide from a tornado)
例:They hid from the tornado in the basement.
(他们在地下室躲避龙卷风。
rescue sb. from:从……中营救某人
例:Firefighters rescued people from the burning building.
(消防员从着火的大楼里救出了人们。)
wave to sb.:向某人挥手
例:She waved to her parents when leaving.
(她离开时向父母挥手。)
警示类短语及用法
refuse to do sth.用法
refuse to do sth.表“拒绝做某事”,不可接doing形式
例:She refused to leave the dangerous area.
(她拒绝离开危险区域。)
warn sb. to do sth.用法
warn sb. to do sth.:警告某人做某事
例:The teacher warned us to stay away from the river.
(老师警告我们不要靠近河边。)
warn sb. of/about sth.用法
warn sb. of/about sth.表提醒某人注意某事
例:He warned me of the danger of landslides.
(他提醒我注意滑坡的危险。)
单元语法精讲解析
03
过去进行时核心要点
表示过去特定时刻或时段内正在进行的动作,强调持续性,搭配过去时间点、时段或其他动作。
过去进行时句式结构
肯定句为主语+was/were+动词-ing,否定句加not,一般疑问句将Was/Were提前,有对应回答形式。
过去进行时使用场景
常搭配at that time、last night等时间词,可描述单动作持续、两动作同时进行或短动作打断长动作。
易混点与易错警示
需注意动词要用-ing形式,同时区分when和while的用法,when可接短暂或延续性动词,while仅接延续性动词。
【语法精讲】过去进行时(单元重点)
【针对性练习题】
单项选择题
1. What ______ you ______ at 8 p.m. last night when the storm hit
A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing
2. While Tom ______ TV, his brother ______ the piano.
A. watched; played B. was watching; played C. watched; was playing D. was watching; was playing
3. I ______ my homework when the phone rang.
A. do B. did C. was doing D. am doing
4. They ______ soccer on the playground at 4 yesterday afternoon.
A. play B. played C. are playing D. were playing
5. When the teacher came in, we ______ loudly.
A. talk B. talked C. were talking D. are talking
C
D
C
D
C
重点句型(交际+写作必备)
04
询问过去某时正在做的事(过去进行时核心句型)
A: What were you doing when the typhoon hit
(台风来袭时你正在做什么?)
B: I was doing homework while my mom was cooking dinner.
(我正在写作业,妈妈正在做晚饭。)
A: What was your family doing during the earthquake
(地震发生时你的家人在做什么?)
B: My dad was watching TV and my sister was playing with toys.
(爸爸在看电视,妹妹在玩玩具。)
A: What were you doing at 8 p.m. last night
(昨晚8点你在做什么?)
B: I was reading a book about natural disasters.
(我正在读一本关于自然灾害的书。)
句式1:when引导短动作
I was walking home when the heavy rain started.(我正走回家,突然下起了大雨。)
The students were having class when the fire alarm went off.
(学生们正在上课,火警突然响了。)
句式2:while引导同时动作
While the wind was blowing strongly, we were hiding in the basement.
(狂风呼啸时,我们正躲在地下室。)
My brother was listening to music while I was preparing emergency supplies.
(哥哥在听音乐,我在准备应急物资。)
场景细节描写
The sky turned dark, and people were running to shelters while the tornado was approaching.
(天空变暗,龙卷风逼近时,人们正跑向避难所。)
描述自然灾害发生时的场景
描述自然灾害的准备与应对
事前准备表达
We should check the windows and store enough water before the typhoon arrives.(台风来临前,我们应该检查窗户并储存足够的水。)
My family always makes preparations for earthquakes, such as keeping a first-aid kit.(我家总是为地震做准备,比如准备急救箱。)
灾时应对表达
When a flood happens, remember to stay calm and call for help immediately.(洪水发生时,记得保持冷静并立即求救。)
Do not go outside while the storm is still strong.(暴风雨仍强烈时不要外出。)
事后处理表达
After the flood, we helped clean the neighborhood and repair the damaged roofs.
(洪水过后,我们帮忙清理社区并修复受损的屋顶。)
表达庆幸、遗憾与感悟
庆幸场景
Thankfully, no one was hurt in the storm.(谢天谢地,暴风雨中没有人受伤。)
It was lucky that we had enough food during the power outage.(停电期间我们有足够的食物,真是幸运。)
遗憾场景
I felt sorry that many houses were destroyed by the flood.(洪水摧毁了许多房屋,我感到很遗憾。)
We missed the bus because we were preparing for the typhoon.(因为准备台风,我们错过了公交车。)
感悟表达
This experience taught me that we should respect nature and prepare for disasters.
(这次经历让我明白,我们应该尊重自然并为灾害做准备。)
Helping others during the disaster made me realize the importance of teamwork.
(灾害中帮助他人让我意识到团队合作的重要性。)
书面表达(范文)
05
高分范文:台风经历与应对建议
Dear Tom,
I was sorry to hear that you experienced the typhoon last week. I can imagine how scary it was, but I'm relieved to know you're safe.
When the typhoon hit, I was doing homework at home. My mom was cooking dinner while my dad was checking the windows. Suddenly, the wind started howling and the rain beat against the roof. We quickly turned off the electricity and hid in the living room.
Here are some tips for future typhoons: First, prepare emergency supplies like water and flashlights.Second, stay indoors and avoid windows. Finally, listen to the radio for updates.
Nature can be powerful, but being prepared helps us stay safe. I hope you're feeling better now.
Best wishes,
Li Ming
THE END
谢谢

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