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中考英语高频词汇
一、核心动词和短语
1.achieve / t i v/ v.达到，实现
[例句]With hard work, you can achieve your dream.通过努力，你可以实现你的梦想。
2.allow / la / v.允许
[例句]My parents don‘t allow me to play video games on weekdays.我父母不允许我工作日玩电子游戏。
3.encourage / n k r d / v.鼓励
[例句]The teacher always encourages us to ask questions.老师总是鼓励我们提问。
4.improve / m pru v/ v.提高，改善
[例句]Reading English newspapers can improve your reading skills.阅读英文报纸能提高你的阅读能力。
5.offer / f (r)/ v.提供；主动提出
[例句]He offered to help me carry the heavy box.他主动提出帮我搬那个重箱子。
6.suggest /s d est/ v.建议
[例句]The doctor suggested that I should get more sleep.医生建议我应该多睡觉。
7.afford / f d/ v.买得起，负担得起
[例句]We can‘t afford to go on vacation this year.我们今年负担不起去度假的费用。
8.look forward to 期待（后接名词或动名词）
[例句]I‘m looking forward to your reply.我期待着你的回复。
9.give up 放弃
[例句]Don‘t give up easily when you face difficulties.当你面对困难时不要轻易放弃。
10.find out 查明，发现
[例句]Can you find out when the next train leaves 你能查一下下一班火车什么时候开吗？
二、不规则动词
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 经典真题/例句
spend spent spent I spent two hours finishing my homework yesterday.
cost cost cost The new phone cost me 3,000 yuan.
take took taken It took us three days to complete the project.
pay paid paid My father paid 500 yuan for the ticket.
buy bought bought My mother bought me a dictionary last week.
bring brought brought Remember to bring your notebook tomorrow.
catch caught caught I caught a cold because of the cold weather.
teach taught taught Mr.Wang taught us physics last term.
feel felt felt I felt really nervous before the speech.
keep kept kept Please keep quiet in the library.
sleep slept slept He slept for only five hours last night.
leave left left I left my umbrella on the bus.
build built built The new school library was built in 2024.
lend lent lent Can you lend me your bike
send sent sent She sent me a postcard from Beijing.
drive drove driven My uncle drove me to the airport.
ride rode ridden I rode a horse for the first time.
rise rose risen The price of vegetables has risen a lot.
write wrote written He has written three novels so far.
break broke broken Who broke the window
choose chose chosen We chose Mike as our monitor.
speak spoke spoken She speaks three languages fluently.
steal stole stolen Someone stole my wallet yesterday.
wear wore worn She wore a red dress at the party.
beat beat beaten Our team beat them 3-1 in the final.
win won won Who won the first prize in the competition
become became become He became interested in science when he was 10.
run ran run He ran so fast that he won the race.
cut cut cut Be careful not to cut your finger.
hurt hurt hurt My leg still hurts.
let let let Let's go to the cinema this weekend.
put put put Put on your coat, it's cold outside.
read read read I have read this story twice.
spread spread spread The virus spread quickly across the country.
begin began begun The meeting began at 8 o'clock.
sing sang sung She sang an English song at the party.
swim swam swum He swam across the river.
ring rang rung The bell rang and class was over.
grow grew grown The tree has grown taller than the house.
know knew known I have known him since primary school.
throw threw thrown He threw the ball to me.
draw drew drawn She drew a beautiful picture.
fly flew flown The birds flew away.
forget forgot forgotten I forgot to lock the door.
understand understood understood Now I understand what you mean.
mean meant meant The red light means "stop".
三、名词、形容词和副词
【核心名词】
1.choice /t s/ n.选择
[例句]You made a wise choice.你做了一个明智的选择。
2.experience / k sp ri ns/ n.经验；经历
[例句]Travelling is a wonderful learning experience.旅行是一种很棒的学习经历。
3.habit / h b t/ n.习惯
[例句]Forming a good reading habit is important.养成一个好的阅读习惯很重要。
4.knowledge / n l d / n.知识
[例句]Books give us knowledge and make us wise.书籍给我们知识，使我们聪明。
5.safety / se fti/ n.安全
[例句]Safety must come first in the science lab.在科学实验室里，安全必须第一。
6.patience / pe ns/ n.耐心
[例句]Teaching children requires a lot of patience.教孩子需要很多耐心。
7.advantage / d vɑ nt d / n.优点，优势
[例句]One advantage of living in the city is the convenience.住在城市的一个优点是方便。
8.environment / n va r nm nt/ n.环境
[例句]We should protect the natural environment.我们应该保护自然环境。
【核心形容词/副词】
1.common / k m n/ adj.常见的，普遍的
[例句]It‘s a common mistake among beginners.这是初学者中一个常见的错误。
2.necessary / nes s ri/ adj.必要的
[例句]Is it necessary to finish the work today 有必要今天完成这项工作吗？
3.various / ve ri s/ adj.各种各样的
[例句]We have various activities to choose from after school.放学后我们有各种各样的活动可以选择。
4.responsible /r sp ns bl/ adj.有责任的，负责的
[例句]You should be responsible for your own actions.你应该为你自己的行为负责。
5.serious / s ri s/ adj.严肃的；严重的
[例句]The doctor looked serious when he told me the news.医生告诉我这个消息时表情很严肃。
6.recently / ri sntli/ adv.最近
[例句]Have you read any good books recently 你最近读了什么好书吗？
7.hardly / hɑ dli/ adv.几乎不
[例句]There was hardly any milk left in the fridge.冰箱里几乎没剩下什么牛奶了。（注意：hardly 本身表否定）
8.instead / n sted/ adv.代替，反而
[例句]He didn‘t go to the party.Instead, he stayed home and studied.他没去参加派对，而是待在家里学习。

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