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译林版·七年级英语下册期中复习
——情态动词 may / might 表推测
情态动词 may 和 might 可以用来表示“推测”，意思是“可能，也许”。译林版七下Unit 5《Amazing things》中出现了这样的用法。期中考试常以单选、填空和情景交际形式考查。本讲系统讲解 may 和 might 表推测的用法、区别以及否定形式，并通过分层练习确保学生熟练掌握。
一、may / might 表推测的基本用法
may 和 might 表示可能性，意为“可能，也许”，通常用于肯定句和否定句，一般不用于疑问句（疑问句表请求时可以用 May I... 但那是另一种用法）。may 表示的可能性比 might 稍大一些，might 语气更委婉、可能性更小。
情态动词 含义 可能性大小
may 可能，也许 较大（约50%）
might\{\可能，也许 较小（约30%） She might come tomorrow. (她明天也许来。)
注意：may 和 might 表推测时，只用于肯定句和否定句，一般不用于疑问句。疑问句询问可能性常用：Do you think... / Is it possible...
二、may / might 表推测的句型结构
1. 肯定句： 主语 + may/might + 动词原形 + 其他.
例句：It may rain this afternoon. (今天下午可能会下雨。)
例句：They might be in the library. (他们也许在图书馆。)
2. 否定句： 主语 + may not / might not + 动词原形 + 其他.
注意：may not 表示“可能不”，might not 表示“也许不”。
例句：He may not know the answer. (他可能不知道答案。)
例句：She might not come to the party. (她也许不来派对了。)
3. 一般疑问句： 表推测时很少用疑问句。若一定要问，常用：Do you think...
例如：Do you think he may be at home (你认为他可能在家吗？)
三、may / might 表推测与其它情态动词的区别
情态动词 含义 可能性 例句
推测类 must 一定，肯定 很大（90%以上）
may 可能 较大（约50%）
might 可能，也许 较小（约30%）
could 可能 较委婉
否定推测 can't 不可能 几乎0%
注意：may not 表示“可能不”，而 can't 表示“不可能”，语气不同。例如：He may not be at home. (他可能不在家) / He can't be at home. (他绝不可能在家)
四、may / might 表推测的语境运用
在以下情境中常用 may / might 表推测：
1. 对现在情况的推测：主语 + may/might + be + 表语/地点。
2. 对将来可能性的推测：主语 + may/might + 动词原形。
3. 对正在发生动作的推测：主语 + may/might + be doing.
例句：She may be sleeping now. (她现在可能在睡觉。)
例句：They might be having dinner. (他们也许正在吃晚饭。)
五、may / might 的其他用法（与推测区分）
除了表推测，may 还可以表示“请求许可”（May I come in ）和“祝愿”（May you succeed!）。但期中考试重点考查表推测用法。注意区分：May I... 是请求句型，不表示推测。
典型例题
1. (单选) — Where is Mr. Li — I'm not sure. He ________ be in the office.
A. must B. may C. need D. would
2. (填空) The sky is cloudy. It ________ (rain) later. (用 may 或 might)
3. (改错) He may not comes to the party tonight. (找出错误并改正)
4. (翻译) 她可能不知道这个好消息。
________________________________________________
5. (单选) — ________ I use your phone — Sure, here you are.
A. May B. Must C. Need D. Should
分层实战演练
A组 · 用 may 或 might 填空
1. The sky is getting dark. It ________ rain soon.
2. — Is Tom in the classroom — I'm not sure. He ________ be on the playground.
3. She ________ not come to the meeting because she is ill.
4. Don't touch that box. There ________ be something dangerous inside.
5. He ________ be your new teacher. I saw him in the teachers' office.
6. They ________ be having lunch at this time. Let's call them later.
B组 · 单项选择
1. — Where are my keys — They ________ be on the desk, but I'm not sure.
A. must B. may C. need D. shall
2. The light is on in his room. He ________ be at home.
A. may B. must C. can D. would
3. She ________ be in the library. I saw her there just now.
A. may B. must C. can't D. might
4. You ________ be tired after the long walk. Take a rest.
A. may B. need C. should D. must
5. — ________ I come in — Yes, please.
A. May B. Must C. Need D. Will
6. He ________ not know the truth. Let's tell him.
A. may B. must C. can D. need
7. There ________ be a mistake in your calculation. You'd better check it.
A. may B. must C. need D. should
C组 · 改写句子（用 may 或 might 改写，保持句意不变）
1. Perhaps he is at home.
He ________ ________ at home.
2. It is possible that she will come tomorrow.
She ________ ________ tomorrow.
3. Maybe they don't know the answer.
They ________ ________ know the answer.
4. I'm not sure, but perhaps this book belongs to Tom.
This book ________ ________ to Tom.
5. It is likely that there is some food in the fridge.
There ________ ________ some food in the fridge.
D组 · 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 他可能正在睡觉。别打扰他。
He ________ ________ sleeping. Don't disturb him.
2. 也许明天会下雨。
It ________ ________ tomorrow.
3. 她可能没有收到我的邮件。
She ________ ________ have received my email.
4. 这个盒子里面可能有什么？(用 Do you think 句式)
What ________ you think ________ ________ in the box
5. 他也许是你一直在找的那个人。
He ________ ________ the person you are looking for.
E组 · 短文填空（用 may / might / must / can't 填空）
There is a strange noise coming from the old house. What ________ (1) it be It ________ (2) be a cat, because I saw a cat nearby. But it ________ (3) also be the wind. I'm not sure. My brother thinks it ________ (4) be a ghost, but I don't believe him. It ________ (5) be some kids playing tricks. Let's go and have a look. But be careful! There ________ (6) be something dangerous inside. Wait, I see a light. Someone ________ (7) be in the house. It ________ (8) be our neighbour Mr. Smith. He sometimes works late. Yes, it's him. So the noise ________ (9) be anything scary. It's just Mr. Smith fixing his old chair.
参考答案
典型例题：
1. B 2. may rain / might rain 3. He may not come to the party tonight. (comes → come) 4. She may not know the good news. 5. A
A组填空：
1. may / might 2. may / might 3. may / might 4. may / might 5. may 6. may / might
B组单选：
1. B 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. A
C组改写：
1. may be 2. may come 3. may not 4. may belong 5. may be
D组完成句子：
1. may be 2. may rain 3. may not 4. do; may be 5. may be
E组短文填空：
1. may/can 2. may 3. may 4. might 5. may 6. may 7. must 8. may 9. can't
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