资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Section B 1a-2c语言点精讲精练
I．语言点精讲
1.To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. 对大多数人来说，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。
one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……的……之一
此结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
注意: of后面接名词或代词的复数形式。one of..短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
北京是世界上最大的城市之一。
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.
他是我的一位朋友。He is one of my friends.
其中一个表演者是一个贫穷的农民。One of the performers was a poor farmer.
他的班级中年龄最大的学生之一是英国人。
One of the oldest students is English in his class.
2. On the highest place on earth,you will feel like you are able to touch the sky. 在地球的最高点，你会感觉自己仿佛能触碰到天空。
feel like
① 感觉像；给……的感觉；感受到(其后可接名词、动词-ing形式或从句。)
② 想要(其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。)
feel like doing sth = want to do sth = would like to do sth 想要做某事
我感觉自己像空中的一只风筝。I feel like a kite in the sky.
我感觉像生活在美梦里一样。I feel like I'm living in a nice dream.
今晚你想看电影吗？
Do you feel like watching a movie tonight
= Do you want to watch a movie tonight
= Would you like to watch a movie tonight
..and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first.......
而且前提是他们能在恶劣环境中幸存下来。
(1) only if 只有(在……的情况下才……)
only if引导的句子位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。
我告诉你，但条件是你不告诉别人。
I'll tell you, but only if you don't tell anyone else.
只有努力工作，你才会成功。Only if you work hard will you succeed.
(2) survive① 动词 生存；存活
survive from... 从…存活下来 survive on sth..... 靠…维持生活(后接食物、收入等)
② 及物动词 艰难度过
她在袭击中幸免于难。She survived the attack.
在这次事故中，只有两人活了下来。In the accident, only two people survived.
有些传统从古代延续下来。Some traditions survive from ancient times.
一星期200元，我无法维持生活。I can't survive on 200 yuan a week.
公司设法渡过了危机。The company managed to survive the crisis.
(3) condition（名词） 状态；境况；健康状况
通常与介词in或under连用，表示"在……状态或境况下"。
out of condition 健康状况不佳
现在这个男孩处于良好的状态。Now the boy is in good condition.
这个运动员的健康状况良好，但他的生活环境非常糟糕。
The player is in good condition, but his living conditions are very bad.
4. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. 登山者们一点一点地向上攀爬，成功越过了第二台阶。
make it
① 获得成功，相当于succeed。
② 在约定时间内赶到，相当于arrive in time。
③ 能够出席(或到场)
多年的辛勤工作后，他终于成功了。After years of hard work, he finally made it.
我们如果跑的话，应该来得及。If we run, we should make it.
-你能来参加乔迁聚会吗？-Can you come to the housewarming party
-抱歉，我参加不了。-I'm sorry.I won't be able to make it.
5.Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world
为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险去攀登世界最高峰呢？
risk ① 及物动词 使……冒风险(或面临危险)；冒……风险(或危险)
其后可接名词(短语)、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
risk one's life to do sth 冒着生命危险做某事；risk doing sth 冒险做某事
② 名词 危险；风险
the risk of... ……的风险；take risks (to do sth)= take a risk (to do sth) 冒险(做某事)
拓展:risky adj.有危险(或风险)的,可在句中作表语或定语。
他冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。He risked his life to save the child.
我愿意冒失去一切的危险。I'm willing to risk losing everything.
冬天独自登山是一项冒险的活动。
Climbing mountains alone in winter is a risky activity.
吃垃圾食品会增加生病的风险。
Eating junk food can increase the risk of the illness.
不要冒险。你应该三思。Don't take risks. And you should think twice.
It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.
这是因为人类的好奇心和雄心壮志无法被阻挡。
curiosity（名词） 好奇心；求知欲
curiosity about... 对……的好奇心；out of curiosity 出于好奇心；
with curiosity 好奇地
儿童对一切事物都显露出好奇心。Children show curiosity about everything.
他出于好奇决定跟踪那个男子。He decided to follow the man out of curiosity.
那个男孩好奇地看着我。The boy looked at me with curiosity.
(2) ambition（名词） 追求的目标；野心；雄心
an ambition of doing sth = an ambition to do sth 做某事的目标；
have an ambition 有雄心；Sb's ambition is to do/be... 某人的理想是……
这是她终生追求的目标。It is her lifelong ambition.
最后，她实现了当著名作家的目标。
She achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer at last.
这个年轻人立志成为一名优秀的音乐家。
The young man has an ambition to be an excellent musician.
他的理想是当一名飞行员。His ambition is to be a pilot.
Mountain climbers even called that way the "Death Road", but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb.
登山者们甚至将那条路线称为 “死亡之路”，但一支中国登山队决心要完成这次攀登。
determined adj. “有决心的；坚决的”
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
determine v. 决定 → determination n. 决心；坚定
我决心要获得成功。I'm determined to succeed.
他勇敢顽强地与疾病作斗争。
He fought the illness with courage and determination .
II．语言点精练
一、单词填空。请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。
1. Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain on Earth, but only the best c______ can reach its top.
2. On the northern s______ of the mountain, the way to the top was once called the “Death Road”.
3. The Second Step is 8,600 metres a______ sea level. It was very difficult to climb.
4. In 1960, Liu Lianman allowed his t______ to step on his shoulders to get past the cliff.
5. Climbers must s______ very cold temperatures, thin air and changeable weather.
6. In 1975, a Chinese team brought a l______ to the Second Step to help climbers.
7. In 2020, Chinese climbers returned to m______ the exact height of Qomolangma.
8. People risk their lives to climb mountains because human c______ and ambition never stop.
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The terrible weather ______ (condition) caused the subway system to break down yesterday.
2. The cake recipe is easy: ________ (simple) mix the flour, eggs and milk, and then bake for 20 minutes.
3. Deep-sea ________ (explore) used a submersible to reach the bottom of the Mariana Trench.
4. It’s common for children to have strong _______ (curious) about the world around them.
5. The old man’s ________ (die) was peaceful. He passed away in his sleep.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 消防员们经常冒着生命危险冲进火场救人。
Firefighters often ________ ________ ________ ________ rush into the fire to save people.
2. 孩子们一点一点地学走路，摔倒了就自己奋力爬起来。
Children learn to walk ________ ________ ________, and when they fall, they ________ ________ ________.
3. 探险队成功采取措施应对了突发危险。
The expedition ________ ________ ________ to deal with sudden dangers.
4. 她决心要把自己的新想法付诸实践。
She ________ ________ ________ put her new ideas into practice.
5. 在宁静的海滩上，我感觉我能够忘记所有的烦恼。
On the quiet beach, I ________ ________ I am able to forget all troubles.
四、同义句转换。
1. The Second Step was so high that even birds could not reach it.
→ The Second Step was ______ high ______ birds to reach.
2. Liu Lianman allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders.
→ Liu Lianman ______ his teammates step on his shoulders.
3. People said the way was the “Death Road”.
→ It ______ ______ that the way was the “Death Road”.
4. In 2020, a third team went back to Qomolangma to measure its height.
→ In 2020, a third team ______ ______ Qomolangma to measure its height.
5. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain
→ Why do people still climb the highest mountain ______ ______ ______ their lives
五、完形填空
Hukou Waterfall: Water Falls from the Sky
Hukou Waterfall is the largest yellow waterfall in the world. It’s also the second largest waterfall in China next to Huangguoshu Waterfall in Guizhou Province.
From its headwater in Qinghai Province, the Yellow River 1 all the way to the east and finally to the sea. It carries Chinese history and civilization of more than 5,000 years, so the Yellow River is 2 as China’s “mother river”.
As it flows to Hukou Village, the river sharply narrows from 500 metres wide to only about 30 metres. The calm water suddenly falls down into a deep pool as if thousands of wild horses run forward wildly. As a result, a wonderful waterfall 3 . It seems that the water pours down from a big teapot, so the waterfall has the name Hukou—meaning the 4 of a teapot in Chinese.
The falling water brings huge smoke and clouds, with colour 5 from yellow to grey, grey to blue. People 6 this heart-shaking sight “smoke from the river”. There’s also a stone under the waterfall. It moves up and down with the falling water. It’s not seen all the time as the water is always changing, so it’s 7 guishi, meaning the “mysterious (神秘的) stone”.
Over history, lots of poets and painters once travelled here. They admired the wonderful view, and left numerous works about the great waterfall. 8 them, Li Bai’s Invitation to Wine (《将进酒》) may be the best-known. It says, “Don’t you see the Yellow River comes from the sky, 9 the sea and never come back ”
There are many wonders at Hukou Waterfall, such as smoke from the river, boats on land and rainbows in the sunshine. April and October are the best time to 10 Hukou Waterfall. Why Because the water is full!
1．A．circles B．opens C．drives D．runs
2．A．described B．made C．boiled D．mixed
3．A．enters B．drops C．appears D．goes
4．A．mouth B．cover C．shape D．size
5．A．shaking B．turning C．heating D．facing
6．A．think B．put C．seem D．call
7．A．brought B．dressed C．caught D．named
8．A．Between B．Around C．Among D．Across
9．A．moving on B．rushing into C．waving to D．dancing to
10．A．swim B．visit C．drink D．pass
任务型阅读。
Twenty percent of all the water that goes into oceans around the world comes from one river—the Amazon River.
The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru. It travels about 6,440 kilometers to the Atlantic Ocean. It is the largest river in the world. It is also the second longest. Most of the Amazon’s water comes from rain. During the rainy season, parts of the river are 190 kilometers wide.
The Amazon River goes through the world’s largest rainforest. The Amazon rainforest is home to the highest number of plant and animal species (种类) on earth. There are 2.5 million kinds of insects, such as the world’s largest ant. At least 3,000 kinds of fish live there, and one-fifth of all the bird species in the world. Some of the Amazon’s animals are dangerous, such as the anaconda (水蚺), the largest snake in the world. But there are also gentle animals, like the sloth (树懒) and the pink dolphin.
The Amazon is very important to the Earth. There are still many kinds of animals and plants there that we don’t know about. If we lose the Amazon, we will lose a big part of life on earth.
1．What is the largest river in the world
_______________________________________________________________________
2．Where does the Amazon River begin
_______________________________________________________________________
3．How many kinds of insects are there in the Amazon River
_______________________________________________________________________
4．What other things do you know about the Amazon Rainforest
_______________________________________________________________________
5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。
_______________________________________________________________________
七、选词填空。阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。
explore camp see feel take start realize excite peace forget
Last summer, I went to the Rocky Mountains with my family. We decided to 1 there for two nights to get close to nature. On the first evening, we were setting up the tent when a light rain 2 . But it stopped soon, and we saw a beautiful rainbow.
The next morning, we 3 the mountain trails. While we were hiking, we 4 many rare plants and birds. My sister was 5 photos when she suddenly shouted, “Look! A bear!” We were a little scared but stayed calm. The bear walked away slowly without bothering us.
In the evening, we sat by the campfire and shared stories. The mountains were quiet, and we 6 a strong sense of 7 . I will never 8 this trip. It made me 9 how amazing nature is. Exploring natural wonders always brings us 10 and surprises.
八、阅读理解
When you first hear about the Dead Sea, it might sound scary, but the truth is quite different. Let’s get closer to the Dead Sea and learn more about it.
The Dead Sea is located in Southwest Asia. It is about 50 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide at its widest point. It sits at about 430 meters below sea level, making it the lowest point on earth’s land.
What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. It’s a lake. The salt concentration (盐浓度) in it is more than 30 percent, which is about eight times saltier than typical seawater. This makes it one of the saltiest bodies of water on earth.
The Dead Sea stays so salty because of its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall, and only a small amount of freshwater flows into it. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the freshwater to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. For these reasons, it is also known as the Salt Sea.
If you are to swim in the Dead Sea, you won’t see any sea life — no plants or animals. The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to live there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea.
However, don’t let the name or not having any sea life scare you. Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. The high concentration of salt in the Dead Sea allows anyone to float well, without the need for life buoys (救生圈) . In fact, many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation. If you walk along the lakeside, you’ll likely see many people floating in the water, reading books or magazines.
1．What do we know about the Dead Sea
A．It is the largest place in Asia.
B．It is the widest sea in the world.
C．It is the deepest point in America.
D．It is the lowest lake on earth’s land.
2．What makes the Dead Sea so salty
A．A lot of seawater runs into it.
B．Human activities improve the salt levels.
C．Little rainfall and rapid evaporation of freshwater.
D．The high temperature stops the water from freezing.
3．Why do people call it the Dead Sea
A．Because they cannot swim in it.
B．Because it has something dangerous.
C．Because it has the low salt concentration.
D．Because no plants or animals can live in it.
4．What does the underlined word “float” probably mean
A．Sing in the room. B．Stay above water.
C．Fly in the sky. D．Walk on the road.
5．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．People feel scared when swimming in the Dead Sea.
B．The Dead Sea is dangerous for people who can’t swim.
C．If people can’t swim, they’ll still be safe in the Dead Sea.
D．A life buoy is necessary when swimming in the Dead Sea.
九、五选五。从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The undersea world is very beautiful. Now more and more people want to dive in the water to find the secret there. Scuba diving （水肺潜水） is a new sport today. 1____
You will find many strange animals in the sea. 2 __ Many sea animals give out light in the dark and some have sharp teeth.
During the day, there is enough light. Here, under the sea, everything is blue and green. When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands. When you have bottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time. 3 And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water.
The deep sea is not an easy place to live in. It’s cold, and it’s dark, too. 4 About 3,000 feet, there is no light at all. It is very dark in the sea. Many fishes have no eyes. Some have big eyes. A few have eyes on one side.
5 Animals eat! They must find food to eat. Many animals eat plants. However, some animals eat meat. This means these sea animals have two big jobs.
They need to find animals as food, and they have to try not to become other animals’ meal.
A．Some are as large as a school bus.
B．It can take you into a wonderful undersea world.
C．Besides the cold and the darkness, deep-sea animals face a third danger—other animals.
D．However, you can’t dive too deep.
E．The deeper it is, the less sunlight there is.
II. 语言点精练参考答案
一、单词填空。
【答案】1. climbers；2. side；3. above；4. teammates；5. survive；6. ladder7. measure；8. curiosity
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
【答案】1. conditions 2. simply 3. explorers 4. curiosity 5. death
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
【答案】1. risk their lives to 2. bit by bit; pull themselves up 3. successfully took measures
4. is determined to 5. feel like
四、同义句转换。
【答案】 1. too, for；2. let；3. was said；4. returned to；5. at the risk of
五、完形填空
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了壶口瀑布的特点、名称由来、景观特色，以及相关的文化作品和最佳游览时间。
1．句意：它发源于青海省，向东奔流最终汇入大海。
circles环绕；opens打开；drives驱使；runs奔流。根据“from the Yellow River…all the way to the east and finally to the sea”可知，黄河是向东奔流到大海，所以此处用“runs”表示奔流。故选D。
2．句意：因此，黄河被描述为中国的“母亲河”。
described描述；made制作；boiled煮沸；mixed混合。根据“the Yellow River is…as China’s ‘mother river’”可知，黄河被人们描述为“母亲河”，“be described as”是固定搭配表示“被描述为”。故选A。
3．句意：结果，一道壮观的瀑布出现了。
enters进入；drops掉落；appears出现；goes去。根据“the calm water suddenly falls down into a deep pool…a wonderful waterfall”可知，河水跌落之后形成了瀑布，所以瀑布是“出现”了。故选C。
4．句意：所以这个瀑布被命名为“壶口”——意思是茶壶的“口”。
mouth口；cover盖子；shape形状；size尺寸。根据“meaning the…of a teapot”可知，“壶口”对应的是茶壶的“口”。故选A。
5．句意：倾泻的水流带来了巨大的烟雾和云气，颜色从黄色变成灰色，再从灰色变成蓝色。
shaking摇晃；turning转变；heating加热；facing面对。根据“from yellow to grey, grey to blue”可知，颜色是在转变，“turn from…to…”表示“从……变成……”。故选B。
6．句意：人们把这一震撼人心的景象称为“河之烟”。
think认为；put放置；seem似乎；call称为。根据“this heart-shaking sight ‘smoke from the river’”可知，人们把这个景象称为“河之烟”，“call…sth.”表示“把……称为……”。故选D。
7．句意：它不总是能被看到，因为水流一直在变化，所以它被命名为“神秘石”。
brought带来；dressed打扮；caught抓住；named命名。根据“it’s…‘mysterious stone’”可知，这块石头被命名为“神秘石”，“be named”表示“被命名为”。故选D。
8．句意：在他们之中，李白的《将进酒》可能是最著名的。
Between在两者之间；Around在周围；Among在三者及以上之中；Across穿过。根据“lots of poets and painters”可知，是在众多诗人画家中，用“Among”表示“在……之中（三者及以上）”。故选C。
9．句意：君不见黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回？
moving on继续移动；rushing into涌入；waving to向……挥手；dancing to随着……跳舞。根据“the sea”可知，黄河是奔涌入海，“rush into”表示“涌入”。故选B。
10．句意：四月和十月是游览壶口瀑布的最佳时间。
swim游泳；visit游览；drink喝；pass经过。根据“the best time to…Hukou Waterfall”可知，此处指游览瀑布的最佳时间，用“visit”表示“游览”。故选B。
六、任务型阅读
【答案】1．The Amazon River. 2．It begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru. 3．2.5 million. 4．It is the biggest rainforest in the world. 5．如果我们失去亚马孙，我们将失去地球上很大一部分的生命。 6．A 7．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了亚马逊河的地理特征、流量，以及它所流经的亚马逊雨林的生态多样性和对地球的重要性。
1．根据“It is the largest river in the world.”可知，文中明确指出亚马逊河是世界最大河流。故填The Amazon River.
2．根据“The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru.”可知，亚马逊河发源于秘鲁的安第斯山脉。故填It begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru.
3．根据“There are 2.5 million kinds of insects, such as the world’s largest ant.”可知，亚马逊地区有250万种昆虫。故填2.5 million.
4．根据“The Amazon River goes through the world’s largest rainforest.”可知，亚马逊雨林是世界最大的雨林。故填It is the biggest rainforest in the world.
5．lose可翻译为“失去”，在从句中作谓语动词；the Amazon可翻译为“亚马孙”，在从句中作宾语；a big part of life可翻译为“很大一部分生命”，在主句中作宾语；on earth可翻译为“在地球上”，在主句中作后置定语，修饰life。 故填：如果我们失去亚马孙，我们将失去地球上很大一部分的生命。
6．细节理解题。根据“Twenty percent of all the water that goes into oceans around the world comes from one river—the Amazon River.”可知，全球流入海洋的水有20%来自亚马逊河。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“But there are also gentle animals, like the sloth (树懒) and the pink dolphin.”可知，树懒和粉海豚是温和的动物。故选C。
七、选词填空
【答案】1．camp 2．started 3．explored 4．saw 5．taking 6．felt 7．peace 8．forget 9．realize 10．excitement
【导语】本文主要讲述去年夏天，作者一家去落基山脉露营两晚，看到了彩虹、探索了小径，观察了动植物等，并感受到了大自然的宁静，觉得这次旅行很难忘。
1．句意：我们决定在那里露营两晚，以便亲近自然。根据“We decided to...there for two nights to get close to nature.”可知，我们决定在那里“露营”两晚。camp“露营”，动词；根据“decided to do sth.”可知，camp保持动词原形不变。故填camp。
2．句意：第一天晚上，我们正在搭帐篷时，开始下起了小雨。根据“On the first evening, we were setting up the tent when a light rain...”可知，天空“开始”下起了小雨。start“开始”，动词； 根据“were”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，start的过去式是started。故填started。
3．句意：第二天早上，我们探索了山间小径。根据“The next morning, we...the mountain trails.”可知，我们“探索了”山间小径。explore“探索”，动词；本句描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，explore的过去式是explored。故填explored。
4．句意：我们徒步时，看到了许多珍稀的植物和鸟类。根据“While we were hiking, we...many rare plants and birds.”可知，我们徒步时，“看到了”许多珍稀的植物和鸟类。see“看见”，动词； 根据“were”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，see的过去式是saw。故填saw。
5．句意：我妹妹正在拍照时，这时她突然大喊：“看！一只熊！”take photos是固定搭配，意为“拍照”；再根据“My sister was...photos when...”可知，空处位于was之后，需使用take的现在分词形式taking，构成过去进行时。故填taking。
6．句意：群山很安静，我们感受到了强烈的宁静感。根据“The mountains were quiet, and we...a strong sense of...”可知，群山很安静，我们“感受到了”强烈的宁静感。feel“感觉”，动词； 根据“were”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，feel的过去式是felt。故填felt。
7．句意：群山很安静，我们感受到了强烈的宁静感。根据“The mountains were quiet, and we felt a strong sense of...”可知，群山很安静，我们感受到了强烈的“宁静”感。peace“平静；宁静”，不可数名词。故填peace。
8．句意：我将永远不会忘记这次旅行。根据“I will never...this trip.”可知，我将永远不会“忘记”这次旅行。forget“忘记”，动词；再根据“I will never...this trip.”可知，空处位于will之后，forget保持动词原形不变，构成一般将来时。 故填forget。
9．句意：它让我意识到大自然是多么神奇。根据“It made me...how amazing nature is.”可知，它让我“意识到”大自然是多么神奇。realize“意识到”，动词；再根据“make sb. do sth.”可知，realize保持动词原形不变。故填realize。
10．句意：探索自然奇观总是能给我们带来兴奋和惊喜。根据“Exploring natural wonders always brings us...and surprises.”可知，探索自然奇观总是能给我们带来“兴奋”和惊喜。excite“使……兴奋”，动词；空处需使用其名词形式excitement，与后面的名词surprises并列；excitement“兴奋”，不可数名词。故填excitement。
八、阅读理解
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了死海的地理特征和独特之处。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It sits at about 430 meters below sea level … making it the lowest point on earth’s land”以及“It’s a lake with a salt concentration ... ”可知，死海是地球陆地最低点，且第三段明确提到它是“a lake”。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“it receives very little rainfall ... fresh water evaporates quickly”可知，降水少、淡水蒸发快导致盐分浓缩。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段“The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to live there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea”可知，高盐浓度使得动植物无法在那里生存。这就是为什么它被称为死海的原因。故选D。
4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“without the need for life buoys”和“people floating in the water, reading books”可知，高盐度使人无需救生圈即可“漂浮”，即停在水面上。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die ... allows anyone to float well”可知，即使不会游泳，因浮力大仍安全。故选C。
九、五选五
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了海底世界。
1．根据“Scuba diving （水肺潜水） is a new sport today.”可知，此空应该是讲水肺潜水带来的影响，选项B“它可以带你进入一个奇妙的海底世界。”符合语境。故选B。
2．根据“You will find many strange animals in the sea.”可知，此处应该是讲奇怪的动物，选项A“有些像校车那么大。”符合语境。故选A。
3．根据“And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water.”可知，此处应该是说潜水时的注意事项，选项D“然而，你不能潜得太深。”符合语境。故选D。
4．根据“About 3,000 feet, there is no light at all.”可知，此处应该是讲海底的光线问题，选项E“越深，阳光就越少。”符合语境。故选E。
5．根据“They need to find animals as food, and they have to try not to become other animals’ meal.”可知，此处应该讲深海动物除了面对寒冷和黑暗之外，还要防止被吃，选项C“除了寒冷和黑暗，深海动物还面临着第三个危险——其他动物。”符合语境。故选C。
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Presentation
Unit4 The Wonders of Nature
Section B Why do we explore nature
1a-2c
阅读词汇课公开课
单元主题范畴：人与自然
单元主题内容：自然景观、自然现象、生态保护；自然世界及其价值
(2024新版)人教版 八年级(下册)
Presentation
Learning Objectives
1.能够通过语篇标题、插图及活动提供的信息预测文章内容。能够利用寻读策略快速获取与名字、数字、日期等相关的细节信息；能够在通读全文的基础上把握各段大意，分析语篇结构。（学习理解）
2.梳理、归纳故事的叙事逻辑（包括问题出现、团队协作、克服困难的过程）；基于文本信息，用目标语言复述故事的主要情节，并完成 “事件 - 发展 - 结果” 的信息匹配练习。(应用实践)
3.能够深入挖掘语篇的立意和价值，体会中国登山队不畏艰险、顽强拼搏、团结协作、不怕牺牲的精神和为国争光的坚定信念，以及人类敢于挑战自我、探索自然的大无畏精神。(迁移创新)
Presentation
Watch and say
Let’s enjoy a video and answer the questions.
1. What wonder of nature is it
2. How do you feel when you see it
Mount
Qomolangma.
shocked
powerful
amazed
beautiful
proud
...
What do you know about Qomolangma
Presentation
Watch and say
What do you know about Qomolangma
1a
Do you know where Mount Qomolangma is
How high is it
What is Mount Everest
famous for
It lies on the border between
China and Nepal(尼泊尔), in the
Himalayas.
/ h m le z/ 喜马拉雅山脉
/ b d (r)/ n. 边界
It is the highest mountain with
a height of 8848.86 meters
above sea level.
It is famous not only for its hight, but also for its great beauty and very bad weather.
Mount Everest is a wonderful place for mountain climbers, do you know why
Presentation
Watch and say
Let’s enjoy another video and answer the question.
Why does Mount Everest attract so
many climbers
Mount Qomolangma, the world's highest mountain, is a ________ wonder on the border
(边界) of Nepal and China.
natural
northern
/ n t r l/ adj. 自然的
/ n n/ adj. 北部的；向北的
It has always filled people with __________ and _____ _.
curiosity
/ kj ri s ti/ adj. 好奇心
ambition
/ m b n/ n. 追求的目标；野心
Many and dream of reaching its summit.
explorers
determined climbers
/ tr kt/ v. 吸引
/d t m nd/ adj. 有决心的
/ kla m (r)/ n. 攀登者；登山者
/ k spl r (r)/ n. 探险者；勘探者
However, the journey is extremely ____ . The _are , with high ______ and thin air.
risky
conditions
changeable
cliffs
/ r ski/ adj. 有危险（或风险）的
/k n d n/ n. 环境；条件；状态
/ t e nd bl/ adj. 可能变化的；易变的
/kl f/ n. 悬崖；峭壁
Presentation
Watch and say
Let’s enjoy another video and answer the question.
Why does Mount Everest attract so many climbers
Climbers must move , depending on their for support, as one wrong move could lead to ______.To , they use some things like ________.
bit by bit
teammates
death
survive
ladders
bit by bit 一点一点地；逐渐地
teammate / ti mme t/ n. 同队队员；队友
death /deθ/ n. 死亡；毁灭；破灭
survive /s va v/ v. 生存；存活
ladder / l d (r)/ v. 梯子；阶梯；途径
Only a few climb . Standing on the top is an unforgettable achievement.Mount Qomolangma tests human courage and continues to brave ready to ________everything.
successfully
attract
travellers
risk
successfully /s k sesf li/ adv. 成功地；顺利地
attract / tr kt/ v. 吸引；招引
traveller / tr v l (r)/ n. 旅行者；游客
risk /r sk/ n.危险；风险
Presentation
Look and say
Mount Qomolangma is known as the "_________________________".
Roof of the World
On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky.
Is it easy to reach the top Mount Qomolangma
Only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first.
只有...
Presentation
Look and say
What might be the dangers of climbing Qomolangma
high cliffs
thin air
heavy storms
thick clouds
heavy snow
changeable weather
Presentation
Watch and say
Let’s learn more from the text.
Presentation
Look and predict
Title
Picture
+
1. What are the people doing
They are climbing Mount Qomolangma.
2. Which picture was taken more recently
The second one with climbers in red modern gear.
3. What does the title "Reaching New Heights" mean
1. Literal meaning(字面):It means climbing to the top of Qomolangma.
2. Figurative meaning(深层/比喻):It means achieving new goals and showing great spirit.
4. What will the text talk about
It’s about the _________ of climbing Mount Qomolangma and the ______ of the climbers.
history
spirit
Presentation
Read and answer
1.How many paragraphs are there
3
1
2
4
5
Five.
2.What kind of passage is it
A.Narration(记叙文) B.Exposition(说
明文) C. Nrgumentation （议论文）
Read the text quickly and answer the questions.
3. Which kind of material is this text most likely from A. Fashion Week
B. Adventure Magazine.C. Home Doctors
Presentation
Read and match
Read the text quickly again and match the main ideas with the paragraphs.
What’s the structure of this text
A.①②/③④/⑤
B.①/②③④/⑤
Part. 1
Part. 2
Part. 3
1c
Match the paragraphs with the main ideas.
____ Paragraphs 1 and 2
____ Paragraphs 3 and 4
____ Paragraph 5
A. Achievements of Chinese teams
B. Reasons for climbing Qomolangma
C. Difficulties and dangers
C
A
B
Presentation
Scan and fill
Scanning
You can read a text quickly to find specific information, such as numbers, years, names, and places. Numbers and years are usually in Arabic numerals, while names and places usually start with capital letters.
1b
Scan the article to find the information below.
________: what climbers called the way up the northern side of the mountain
________: the distance between the Second Step and sea level
________: the year the first Chinese team reached the top of Qomolangma
________: the height of Qomolangma in 2020
name
number
year
number
/ sk n / n. 扫描；浏览；粗略阅读
你可以快速阅读一篇文章来查找特定信息，比如数字、年份、人名和地名。数字和年份通常用阿拉伯数字表示，而人名和地名通常以大写字母开头。
Tip: Predict the answer based on the given information.
Presentation
Scan and fill
Scanning
You can read a text quickly to find specific information, such as numbers, years, names, and places. Numbers and years are usually in Arabic numerals, while names and places usually start with capital letters.
__________: what climbers called the way up the northern side of the mountain
Dead Road
3. ________: the year the first Chinese team reached the top of Qomolangma
1960
4. _______________: the height of
Qomolangma in 2020
8,848.86 meters
1b
Scan the article to find the information below.
2. ____________: the distance between
the Second Step and sea level
8,600 meters
Presentation
Read Para.1 and answer the questions.
Read and answer
Difficulties
What terrible conditions do climbers have to face on Qomolangma
terrible conditions
thin air
high cliffs
changeable weather
low temperature
Presentation
Read Part.1 and complete the chart.
Read and complete
Difficulties and dangers How high is it The _____________ on earth(8848.86 m)
Feel like you are able to _____________
Who can reach the top Only the _____________ can reach the top, and that is only if they _____________ the terrible conditions.
What are the conditions like Temperature:_________ Air:_______________
Cliffs:________________ Weather:___________
What is the road from the northern side called The “_____________”
Difficulties and dangers
highest place
touch the sky
best climbers
survive
-30 degrees
thin
high
changeable
Death Road
Presentation
Think and answer
1. What does "thin air" mean
It means the air at high altitude has very little oxygen, making it hard to breathe.
2. Have you ever been to a high place
How did you feel
I felt dizzy and short of breath when I was on a high mountain.
3. What does "Death Road" probably mean
It means the route is so dangerous that many climbers might die there.
4. Why does the author use two paragraphs to describe the difficulties and dangers
To emphasize how hard it is to climb Qomolangma, and to highlight the courage and determination of the climbers later in the text.
Presentation
Watch and discuss
Even under these terrible conditions, why
did the Chinese climbing teams still want to
climb Qomolangma What great achievements
did they make
Presentation
Read and complete
Team Time Achievement
The first team
The second team
The third team
Read Part.2 and complete the chart.
Achievements of Chinese teams
in 1960
in 1975
in 2020
made the Chinese national flag fly above the world’s highest mountain for the first time
climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research; brought a ladder to the Second Step
measured the height of Mount Qomolangma: 8,848.86 metres
How did Chinese climbers feel when placing the national flag on the top of Qomolangma
What does the title “Reaching New Height” mean
What spirit do the Chinese climbers show
Presentation
Read and fill
Before 1960
On 24-25
May 1960
In 1975
Until 2007
In 2020
1.No one could reach
the top of Qomolangma
from the __________ side. It was called
the "__________".
3.a Chinese team brought a __________ to the Second Step. It was called the "__________".
4.Almost all __________ from the northern side used the "Chinese Ladder".
A Chinese team reached the top from the northern side for the _______ time.
________________________ flew on the world's highest mountain.
5.a Chinese research team measured Qomolangma's height: __________ metres.
ladder
Chinese Ladder
northern
Death Road
2.A Chinese team reached the top from the northern side for the _______ time.
________________________ flew on the world's highest mountain.
first
8,848.86
climbers
The Chinese national flag
Read Para.2-4 again and fill in the blanks.
Why was it called the
‘death road’
Because it was very dangerous and no one could reach the top safely.
Presentation
Think and say
Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the "Death Road", but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb.
On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world's highest mountain for the first time.
In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side used this "Chinese Ladder" to reach the top much faster. In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86 metres.
It shows great teamwork and courage.
It helps many people reach the top easily.
It shows our country’s progress.
The most touching part
Presentation
Read and circle
1d
Read again. Circle T for true or F for false. Then correct the false statements.
No one
stepped on Liu’s shoulders
in 1975
Presentation
Think and answer
1. How do you think the Chinese climbers felt when they
placed the national flag on top of Qomolangma
They felt proud, excited, and honored. They also felt a strong sense of achievement and responsibility for their country.
2. What does "reaching new heights" mean in relation to
the three teams
It means they achieved new goals: the first team reached the top from the north, the second team built a ladder to help others, and the third team measured the exact height. It also means they reached new spiritual heights of courage and patriotism(爱国精神).
3. Thinking about the difficulties they overcame, what spirit do you think the
Chinese teams showed
They showed the spirit of fearlessness, perseverance, unity, cooperation, and patriotism (不畏艰险、顽强拼搏、团结协作、为国争光).
Today,many people
still try to climb Qomolangma. Why do they do that
Presentation
Read and answer
Read Part.3 and answer the questions.
Reasons for climbing Qomolangma
He meant that the mountain exists as a challenge, and humans have a natural desire to overcome challenges and explore the unknown. It's
a simple but powerful expression of human curiosity and ambition.
3. What qualities do you think a good mountain climber needs to have
1.Why do people risk their lives to climb the highest mountain
2. What do you think George Mallory meant by “because it’s ther
1) Because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.
2)Because it’s there. (As the English explorer George Mallory said.)
Courage, determination, strong body and mind, teamwork, respect for nature …
Presentation
Listen and repeat
Presentation
Watch and repeat
Presentation
Read and fill
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
To most people, Mount Qomolangma is the greatest wonders of the world. On the highest place , you will you are able to touch the sky. But only the best climbers , and that is only if they the terrible first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 . Climbers must also thin air, high , and weather.
Before 1960, no one reach the top of Qomolangma from the
side. even called that way the "Death Road", but a Chinese climbing team make the climb.
On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above . People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his to step on his shoulders. , the climbers , and they made
one of
on earth
feel like
reach the top
survive
conditions
degrees
deal with
cliffs
changeable
was able to
northern
Mountain climbers
was determined to
arrived at
teammates
Bit by bit
pulled themselves up
之一
在地球上
感觉好像
登顶
生存
环境
度数（指温度）
应对；处理
悬崖
多变的
能够
北方的
登山者
下定决心
到达
海平面
队友
一点一点地；逐渐地
奋力向上攀爬
Presentation
Read and fill
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese flew above the world's highest mountain .
In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to
. This time, they brought a to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side used this "Chinese Ladder" to reach the top much faster. In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to
its height—8,848.86 metres.
Climbing Qomolangma is . Some climbers reach the top , but many fail. Why do people still to climb the highest mountain in the world It is because human cannot be stopped. Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply "because it's there"!
do research
measure
dangerous
successfully
risk their lives
curiosity and ambition
做研究
测量
危险的
成功地
冒着生命危险
好奇心与雄心
national flag
for the first time
ladder
国旗
第一次
梯子
Presentation
Look and retell
Retell the passage according to the mind map.
Reaching New Heights
Difficulties and dangers
Achievements of Chinese teams
Reasons for climbing
one of .... wonders
the ....place on earth
temperatures can fall to....air,high ...,
and..weather.
called the “.... Road”.
1960
1975
2007
2020
Date/Place /Story/Result
Event/Did
Fact
Event/Height
curiosity and ambition
it is simply “because it’s there.”
Checklists
Loud and fluent.（声音洪亮，描述流利）
Be confident.（充满自信）
Completely.（复述完整）
Presentation
Read and answer
Read the text and answer the questions.
What is the right order of the following events according to the passage
a. A Chinese climbing team arrived at the Second Step.
b. A team returned to Qomolangma to measure its height.
c. A Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research.
d. The Chinese national flag flew on the top of Qomolangma for the first time.
A. a – b – c – d B. d – a – c – b C. a – d – c – b D. d – a – b – c
What can you learn from those climbers
We can learn that we should never give up when we meet difficulties. We should be determined and brave, and work together with our teammates.
Presentation
Discuss and say
1e
Discuss the questions.
1.How do you think the Chinese climbers felt when they placed the national flag on top of Qomolangma
They must have felt extremely proud, excited, and honored. It was a historic moment for both the team and the whole nation. They also felt a strong sense of achievement after overcoming so many difficulties and dangers.
2.What do you think George Mallory meant by “because it’s there”
It means that the mountain itself is a powerful enough reason for people to want to climb it, even though it is very dangerous.
Presentation
Discuss and say
1e
Discuss the questions.
3.What qualities do you think a good mountain climber needs to have
a good mountain climber
brave
healthy
careful
never give up
team spirit
patience
They need to be brave, strong, patient, determined and confident. They should also have team spirit and never give up easily.
Presentation
Think and say
Think further:
1. Why do humans keep exploring nature
We explore nature to learn more about the world, challenge ourselves, and show the spirit of never giving up. It also helps us protect nature better.
2.The title is “Reaching New Heights”. What “new heights” can we reach in our life
We can reach new heights in our studies, sports and hobbies. It means keeping trying and making ourselves better and better.
Presentation
Watch and learn
Presentation
Watch and say
Why did Chinese climbers climb
Qomolangma's north side
before 1960 even though it
was called the "Death Road"
They were determined to reach the top, plant the Chinese national flag, and safeguard national sovereignty.
捍卫国家主权
As young people，we should learn from them and carry forward the spirit forever.
作为新时代青年，我们要以他们为榜样，将这种伟大的攀登精神永远发扬光大。
Presentation
1.____ below　　　5. ____ top
2.____ common　　6. ____ northern
3.____ low　　　　7. ____ risky
4.____ dead　　　 8. ____ survive
A. safe　　　 E. unusual
B. bottom　　 F. living
C. southern　 G. high
D. above　　 H. die
在...下面
常见的
低的
死的
顶部
北部的
存活
north
south
在...上面
安全的
底部
不寻常的
活着的
高的
死去
D
E
G
F
B
C
A
H
adj.有危险的
adj.南部的
2a
Match the words on the left with their opposites on the right.
Match and say
Presentation
Fill and say
Before the adventure, let’s learn some about “How”.
Sahara Desert撒哈拉大沙漠
Mount Qomolangma珠穆朗玛峰
The Nile 尼罗河
How large is the Sahara Desert
How high is the Mount Qomolangma
How long is the Nile River
It’s about 9,320,000 square kilometres.
It’s about 8,848.86 metres high.
It’s about 6,670 kilometres long.
Presentation
Read and fill
2b
Read the examples and make more sentences using how and the words in the box.
How long is this river？
How high is the teaching building
How deep is this lake
How low is the temperature today
How fast can he run
How soon will he come back
Work with you partner, ask and answer.
结构： How+形容词
+一般疑问句？
Presentation
Watch and say
What do you know about Lake Baikal
Presentation
Read and complete
2c
deep survive wonderful surface dive
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world's most famous lakes. It is the freshwater lake in the world. To reach the bottom, you must1,620 ______metres! It is also larger than most other lakes. Its covers 31,500 square kilometres.That is bigger than the country of Belgium! Lake Baikal is cold most of the year. But over1,200 different types of animals can still ______in this environment. Today, the lake still attracts many curious travellers. After all, it is a great natural______!
deepest
dive
surface
survive
wonder
/l ke t d/ adj. 位于；坐落在
/ fre w t (r)/ adj. 淡水的；淡水中生长的
/ n t r l/ adj. 自然的；天然的；天生的
/ tr v l (r)/ (= traveler) n. 旅行者；游客
/ tr kt/ v. 吸引；招引
/ta p/ n. 类型；种类
/ kj ri s/ adj.
好奇的；求知欲强的
Presentation
Finish the mind map and try to introduce Lake Baikal.
Read and complete
deepest
surface
located
animals
How deep
1,620metres
How large
31,500
square kilometres
How many
over 1,200
different types of animals
Siberia, Russia
Evaluation(评价) Complete content (内容完整)
Correct language (语言准确)
Clear voice (自信表达)
Presentation
Think and say
Deep think
If Lake Baikal could speak, what would be its most important message to us (如果贝加尔湖会说话，它最想告诉我们什么？)
"Please protect me and all natural wonders on Earth. I am home to many special animals, and my clean, cold water is very precious. We must love and take care of nature, so that children in the future can still see its beauty."
“请保护我，也保护地球上所有的自然奇观。我是许多特别动物的家，我干净又冰冷的湖水非常珍贵。我们必须爱护自然，这样未来的孩子们还能看到它的美丽。”
Presentation
Class test
1. The terrible weather __________ (condition) caused the subway system to break down
yesterday.
2. The cake recipe is easy: ________ (simple) mix the flour, eggs and milk, and then bake for
20 minutes.
3. Deep-sea ________ (explore) used a submersible to reach the bottom of the Mariana
Trench.
4. It’s common for children to have strong _________ (curious) about the world around them.
5. The old man’s ______ (die) was peaceful. He passed away in his sleep.
6. The weather in spring is _________ (changе), so yоu’d bеttеr take a coat with you.
conditions
一、用单词的适当形式填空。
simply
explorers
changeable
curiosity
death
Presentation
Class test
1. 消防员们经常冒着生命危险冲进火场救人。
Firefighters often ______ ______ ______ _____ rush into the fire to save people.
2. 孩子们一点一点地学走路，摔倒了就自己奋力爬起来。
Children learn to walk ______ _____ _____, and when they fall, they ______ ___________ ____.
3. 探险队成功采取措施应对了突发危险。
The expedition ____________ ________ __________ to deal with sudden dangers.
4. 她决心要把自己的新想法付诸实践。
She _____ _____________ ______ put her new ideas into practice.
5. 在宁静的海滩上，我感觉我能够忘记所有的烦恼。
On the quiet beach, I _____ ______ I am able to forget all troubles.
risk their lives to
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
bit by bit
pull themselves
feel like
successfully took measures
is determined to
Presentation
Must do:
Review and remember all the key words and phrases in this lesson.
Practice using the superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs correctly.
Read and write at least 5 large numbers in English
Choose to do:
Write 3 sentences about your own dreams or goals, using what you’ve learned today.
Think about: What can you learn from mountain climbers Write down your idea in English.
谢谢
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