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译林版·八年级英语下册期中复习
——城市设施与交通方式——过去与现在的对比
本考点源自Unit 1 Welcome to the unit。单元主题是“过去与现在”，因此本讲不仅学习城市设施和交通方式的词汇，更要在对比中运用这些词汇，为后续谈论家乡变化做好铺垫。
一、核心词汇（按话题分类）
1. 城市设施类 — 描述一个地方有什么
英文 中文 例句
building 建筑物 There are many tall buildings in the city center.
bridge 桥 A new bridge was built over the river.
road 公路；道路 The road was very narrow in the past.
street 街道 The streets used to be dirty.
tunnel 隧道 The train goes through a tunnel.
square 广场 People like to dance in the square.
park 公园 We often take a walk in the park.
station 车站 I waited for my friend at the bus station.
airport 机场 My uncle works at the airport.
2. 交通方式类 — 谈论如何出行
英文 中文 常见搭配
bus 公共汽车 by bus / take a bus
train 火车 by train / take a train
subway (美) / underground (英) 地铁 by subway / take the subway
taxi 出租车 take a taxi
bike / bicycle 自行车 ride a bike / by bike
on foot 步行 go on foot
3. 描述变化的补充词汇（用于对比，不作强制记忆）
narrow（狭窄的）— wide（宽阔的）；crowded（拥挤的）— modern（现代的）；convenient（方便的）
二、核心句型：如何描述过去与现在的变化
以下句型是本单元的重点，可以帮助我们将词汇运用起来：
1. There was/were ... but now there is/are ...
There was only one small shop in the past, but now there are many supermarkets.
2. ... used to be ... but now ...
The streets used to be narrow, but now they are wide.
3. People went ... by ... but now they go ...
People used to go to work by bike, but now many people take the subway.
三、分层精练（共25题）
A组 · 根据句意和汉语提示写单词（每题1分，共8分）
1. There is a new ______ (桥) over the river. It was built last year.
2. We can take the ______ (地铁) to the city museum. It's very fast.
3. My father goes to work by ______ (公共汽车) every morning.
4. The ______ (机场) is far from the city center. You'd better take a taxi.
5. Let's meet at the bus ______ (车站) at 8 o'clock.
6. Many tall ______ (建筑物) have been built in our city in recent years.
7. The train goes through a long ______ (隧道) under the mountain.
8. People like to dance and exercise in the ______ (广场) after dinner.
B组 · 从方框中选择恰当短语填空（每题2分，共10分）
方框：by bus, on foot, take the subway, ride a bike, take a taxi, by train, traffic jam, public transport
1. The library is near my home, so I go there ______.
2. In big cities, many people ______ to avoid driving in heavy traffic.
3. — How do you usually go to school — I ______ because my home is far from the bus stop.
4. I was late for the meeting because of a heavy ______.
5. To reduce pollution, we should use more ______.
6. Last summer, we travelled to Shanghai ______. It was comfortable and cheap.
7. He ______ to work every day. It's good exercise for him.
8. If you are in a hurry, you'd better ______ to the airport.
C组 · 单项选择（每题2分，共16分）
1. — How does your mother go to work — She ______.
A. by bus B. take bus C. takes the bus D. on bus
2. The old ______ across the river was built in 1950. It's still strong.
A. building B. bridge C. tunnel D. square
3. Which of the following means “步行”？
A. by foot B. on foot C. on feet D. by feet
4. My father works at the ______. He is an air traffic controller.
A. station B. airport C. bus stop D. square
5. In the past, people went to other cities by ______, but now they can take the high-speed train.
A. car B. plane C. train D. subway
6. — ______ do you go to the city center — I take the underground.
A. What B. How C. Where D. When
7. There were no tall ______ in my hometown thirty years ago.
A. building B. buildings C. build D. built
8. The new ______ has shortened the travel time between the two cities.
A. highway B. tunnel C. bridge D. square
D组 · 根据汉语完成句子（每空1分，共12分）
1. 我通常乘地铁去上学。
I usually ______ ______ ______ to school.
2. 过去这条街很窄，但现在很宽。
The street ______ ______ be narrow, but now it is wide.
3. 过去这里有一个小公园，现在有一个大广场。
There ______ a small park in the past, but now there ______ a big square.
4. 因为交通堵塞，我们迟到了。
We were late ______ ______ the traffic jam.
5. 人们过去常常骑自行车上班，现在很多人乘地铁。
People ______ ______ go to work by bike, but now many people ______ ______ ______.
E组 · 语篇填空（每空1分，共8分）
My hometown has changed a lot over the years. In the past, the streets were narrow and there were not many tall ______ (1) (建筑物). People usually went to work ______ (2) (骑自行车) or on foot. There was no ______ (3) (地铁). Now, a new ______ (4) (隧道) has been built through the mountain. The new ______ (5) (高速公路) connects our town to the big city. Many people take the ______ (6) (地铁) to work. However, the ______ (7) (交通堵塞) is a big problem in the morning. The government is encouraging people to use ______ (8) (公共交通) to reduce pollution.
参考答案
A组：
1. bridge 2. subway / underground 3. bus 4. airport 5. station 6. buildings 7. tunnel 8. square
B组：
1. on foot 2. take the subway 3. take a taxi 4. traffic jam 5. public transport 6. by train 7. rides a bike 8. take a taxi
C组：
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A
D组：
1. take the subway 2. used to 3. was; is 4. because of 5. used to; take the subway
E组：
1. buildings 2. by bike / riding a bike 3. subway / underground 4. tunnel 5. highway 6. subway / underground 7. traffic jam 8. public transport
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