资源简介

Unit 1 Career talks
1. spiderman n. “蜘蛛人”（高空作业工） → 合成词：spider（蜘蛛）+ man（人）
例句：Many people admire the spidermen for their courage and skills. (spiderman)
解析：spiderman 是由 spider 和 man 构成的合成名词，句中出现了 their 表示复数含义，man 变为复数 men，因此 spiderman 的复数形式是 spidermen，在句中作宾语，意为“蜘蛛人”。
2. wet adj. 湿的，潮湿的，潮的 → wet v. 弄湿 → wetness n. 湿，湿润
例句：She wetted her dress in the sudden heavy rain. (wet)
解析：本句描述过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，wet 在此处作动词，意为“弄湿”，其过去式为 wetted。
3. drop n. （液体的）滴 → drop v. 落下，掉下
例句：The boy dropped his phone and it was broken. (drop)
解析：并列句后半句的 was broken 提示动作发生在过去，因此谓语动词使用过去式 dropped，意为“掉下，落下”。
4. sweat n. 汗，汗水 → sweat v. 出汗 → sweaty adj. 出汗的
例句：He felt hot and sweaty after running for half an hour. (sweat)
解析：and 连接两个并列的形容词共同作表语，sweat 转化为形容词形式 sweaty，意为“出汗的”。
5. watermelon n. 西瓜 → 合成词：water（水）+ melon（瓜）
例句：He politely handed me a piece of watermelon from the fruit plate. (watermelon)
解析：watermelon 是由 water 和 melon 构成的合成名词，a piece of watermelon是固定短语，意为“一片西瓜”，此处使用名词原形。
6. remind v. 使想起 → reminder n. 提醒物
例句：This old photo is a wonderful reminder of my childhood. (remind)
解析：冠词 a 后需要接可数名词单数，remind 转化为名词形式 reminder，意为“提醒物”。
7. newborn adj. 新生的，新出生的 → 合成词：new（新的）+ born（出生）
例句：The hospital has special rooms and professional doctors to take good care of weak newborns (newborn).
解析：形容词weak后接名词，根据句意此处表示多个虚弱的新生儿，故用newborn的复数形式newborns。
8. brush n. 刷子 → brushes （复数）→ brush v. 刷
例句：My sister brushes her shoes clean every morning. (brush)
解析：主语 my sister 是第三人称单数，时间状语 every morning 表示一般现在时，谓语动词需要使用第三人称单数形式 brushes，意为“刷”。
9. speech n. 演讲，演说 → speeches （复数）→speechless adj. 无言的 → speechlessly adv. 无言地
例句：She was so moved that she was completely speechless. (speech)
解析：系动词 was 后需要接形容词作表语，speech 转化为形容词 speechless，意为“无言的”。
10. challenging adj. 富于挑战性的；困难而有趣的 → challenge n. 挑战 → challenge v. 向…挑战
例句1：It's very important for us to challenge ourselves in study. (challenge)
解析：本句使用固定句型 It's + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.，故填动词不定式 to challenge。
例句2：This is one of the most challenging tasks I have ever done. (challenge)
解析：one of the most + 形容词 表示“最…之一”，此处用形容词 challenging 表示“有挑战性的”，修饰名词 tasks。
11. company n. 公司 → companies（复数）
例句：Many international companies care about social responsibility. (company)
解析：company 是以辅音字母加 y
结尾的可数名词，变复数时需要变 y 为 i 再加 es，many 后接可数名词复数形式 companies，意为“公司”。
12. interview n. 面试，面谈 → interview v. 采访，面试 → interviewer n. 采访者→ interviewee n. 被采访者
例句：The journalist usually does many interviews with famous people every month. (interview)
解析：many 后接可数名词复数，interview 直接加 s 变为 interviews，意为“面试，面谈”。
munication n. 信息；交流；沟通 → communicate v. 沟通，交流
例句1：We should learn to communicate with others politely. (communicate)
解析：learn to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“学习做某事”，communicate with sb. 也是固定短语，意为“与…沟通”。
例句2：Good communication skills can help you get along well with others in both study and life. (communicate)
解析：空格后是名词 skills，需要用 communicate 的名词形式作定语，communication skills 为固定搭配，意为“沟通技巧”。
14. skill n. 技能，技巧，技艺 → skillful adj. 熟练的，有技巧的
例句：The skillful worker finished the task in a short time. (skill)
解析：此处需要形容词修饰名词 worker，skill 转化为形容词 skillful，意为“熟练的”。
15. personality n. 个性，性格 → personalities（复数）→ personal adj. 私人的，个人的→ personally adv. 亲自地，就个人而言地
例句1：His sunny personality makes him popular among his classmates. (person)
解析：形容词 sunny 后需要接名词，此处表示“性格、个性”，故填 personality。
例句2：She personally thinks that reading can improve one's mind greatly. (person)
解析：空格修饰动词 thinks，需要用副词形式。person 先变为形容词 personal，再变副词 personally，意为“就个人而言；亲身地”。
16. require v. 需要 → requirement n. 要求，必要条件
例句：The job has many basic requirements for new workers. (require)
解析：many 后接可数名词复数，require 转化为名词 requirement，意为“要求，必要条件”，此处使用复数形式。
17. organise v. 组织，筹划，安排 → organisation n. 组织，机构
例句：She joined a local organisation to help the poor. (organise)
解析：此处需要名词作动词 joined 的宾语，organise 转化为名词 organisation，意为“组织，机构”。
18. leadership n. 领导才能，领导素质 → 合成词：leader（领导者）+ ship（后缀）
例句：Her courage and wise decisions have won her great leadership among the team members. (lead)
解析：形容词 great后需填名词，leadership 表示“领导力；领导才能”，符合句意。
19. cashier n. 出纳员 → 合成词：cash（现金）+ ier（后缀）
例句：The cashier behind the desk counted the money carefully. (cash)
解析：cash后加后缀 ier 构成名词 cashier，意为“出纳员”，在句中作主语。
20. necessary adj. 必要的，必需的，必不可少的 → necessity n. 必需品，必要的事物→ necessarily adv. 必要地
例句1：Food and clothes are daily necessities for us. (necessary)
解析：necessary 转化为名词 necessity，意为“必需品，必要的事物”，daily necessities 是固定短语，意为“日常必需品”，此处使用复数形式。
例句2：Success isn’t necessarily measured by how much money you have. (necessary)
解析：修饰动词 measured 要用副词形式，necessarily 表示“必然地”。
21. replace v. 取代 → replacement n. 替代品，替换物
例句：We need a replacement for the broken chair. (replace)
解析：冠词a后需要接可数名词单数，replace 转化为名词 replacement，意为“替代品，替换物”。
22. autopilot n.（飞机上的）自动驾驶仪 → 合成词：auto（自动）+ pilot（驾驶员）
例句：Autopilots were first used in planes over a century ago. (autopilot)
解析：autopilot是auto和pilot 构成的合成名词，谓语动词是 were（复数形式），因此主语需要用复数；autopilot变复数直接加 s，另外首字母注意大写，所以填 Autopilots。
23. tourism n. 旅游业，观光业 → tourist n. 游客，旅游者
例句：Millions of tourists visit this old city every year. (tourism)
解析：根据句意这里填“游客，旅游者”，millions of 后接可数名词复数形式tourists。
24. surely adv. 确实地，无疑地 → sure adj. 确信的，肯定的→ assure v. 向…保证；使确信
例句：What he said surely reflects his true thoughts and feelings. (sure)
解析：空格处在主语和谓语动词之间，修饰动词 reflects，需要使用副词形式。sure 变为副词 surely，表示“无疑地、确实地”
25. provide v. 提供，供应，供给 → provision n. 供应，供给
例句：The school is responsible for the provision of healthy food and safe drinking water. (provide)
解析：空格前有定冠词 the，后面有介词 of，需要填名词形式。provide 变为名词 provision，意为“提供；供给”。
26. virtual adj. 虚拟的，模拟的 → virtually adv. 几乎，实际上
例句：With no experience, he virtually had no chance of getting the job. (virtual)
解析：修饰动词had要用副词形式，virtually 此处意为“几乎、实际上”。
27. reality n. 真实；现实 → real adj. 真实的，现实的→ really adv. 真正地→ realize v.意识到，实现
例句1：He finally woke up to the reality that he couldn’t succeed without hard work. (real)
解析：空格前有定冠词 the，后面是that同位语从句，需要填名词，wake up to the reality 意为“认清现实”。
例句2：It is really kind of you to help me with my English. (real)
解析：空格修饰形容词 kind，需要用副词形式，故填 really（非常，十分）。
28. fashionable adj. 时髦的，流行的 → fashion n. 时尚，流行
Short hair has been very fashionable among young people recently. (fashion)
解析：空格前有副词very，后面需要填形容词作表语。fashion→形容词 fashionable，意为“流行的，时髦的”。
29. market n. 市场 → marketing n. 市场营销，市场推广→ market v. 推销，营销
例句：He wants to study marketing because he is interested in selling new products. (market)
解析：market 转化为名词 marketing，意为“市场营销，市场推广”，根据后文对卖产品感兴趣得知，学习市场营销。
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains
1. promise n. 保证，承诺，诺言→ promise v. 许诺，保证，答应 → promising adj. 有希望的
例句：Everything he promised to do hasn't been finished yet. (promise)
解析：“承诺做某事”是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，故填 promised。
2. interrupt v. 打断（…的）讲话；中断（…的）行动；打扰 → interruption n. 打扰，中断
例句：Too many interruptions make it hard for us to talk in peace. (interrupt)
解析：too many后接可数名词复数形式；interruption 为名词，意为“打扰，中断”。3. pale adj. 苍白的 → palely adv. 苍白地 → paleness n. 苍白
例句：The sudden paleness on her face made us realize something was wrong. (pale)
解析：空格前有形容词sudden修饰，需要填名词作主语。pale（形容词，苍白的）→ 名词 paleness（苍白），表示“脸上突然出现的苍白”。
4. attach v. 系；绑；贴 → attachment n. 附件，依恋
例句：Please make sure the attachment is added to your email. (attach)
解析：the后面接名词，在句中作主语；attachment 为名词，意为“附件，依恋”。句子翻译：请务必把附件添加在你的邮件中。
5. policewoman n. 女警察 → policewomen (复数) → 合成词：police（警察）+woman（女人）
例句：Several policewomen are keeping order at the gate. (policewoman)
解析：several后面接可数名词复数，policewoman为不规则复数变化；policewomen意为“女警察们”。
6. elderly adj. 年长的、渐老的（委婉用法） → elder n. 长辈，年长者
例句：We should offer help to the elderly around us. (old)
解析：the + 形容词 表示一类人；the elderly 意为“老年人”。
7. point n. 要点，重点；中心意思，主要含义；观点 → point v. 指，指向
例句：He often points out the key steps when he explains things. (point)
解析：根据often得知用一般现在时，主语是he，用第三人称单数；point out为固定短语，意为“指出”。
8. lazy adj. 懒洋洋的，慵懒的 → lazily adv. 懒洋洋地 → laziness n. 慵懒，懒惰
例句：He is lying on the sofa lazily and doing nothing at all. (lazy)
解析：副词用来修饰动词短语lying on the sofa，说明动作的方式；lazily意为“懒洋洋地”
9. spend v. 花（时间） → spent 过去式 → spent 过去分词
例句：She has spent plenty of time practicing her pronunciation recently. (spend)
解析：recently 是现在完成时标志词，结构为 have/has + 过去分词；spend…doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”。
10. conversation n. 谈话，交谈，会话 → conversational adj. 会话的，口语的
例句：We need to improve our conversational (conversation) skills in English.
解析：conversation名词，意为“谈话”，这里修饰名词 skills，要用形容词 conversational（会话的、交谈的），conversational skills会话技巧、口语能力
11. disagreement n. 意见不合，分歧，争论 → disagree v. 不同意 → agreement n. 同意，一致
例句1：The two sides disagreed with each other, so they didn’t reach an agreement. (agree)
解析：后面有 didn’t，说明整句是一般过去时，根据句意没有达成协议，得知是不同意，填disagree，其过去式 disagreed。
例句2：After arguing for hours, there still remained a serious disagreement between the two sides on this plan. (agree)
解析：前面有不定冠词a后面必须用单数名词，根据句意得知用否定含义，disagree → 名词 disagreement（分歧，争论）
12. childhood n. 童年，儿童时代 → 合成词：child（儿童）+hood（时期）
例句：Her sweet childhood is full of happy and warm memories. (childhood)
解析：由child + hood 构成合成名词；childhood 意为“童年，儿童时代”。
13. pressure n.（工作或生活中的）压力 → pressurize v. 施压
例句：Too much pressure may bring trouble to teenagers’ growth. (pressure)
解析：too much后接不可数名词；pressure为名词，意为“压力”。
14. disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的 → disappoint v. 使失望 → disappointment n. 失望 → disappointing adj. 令人失望的
例句1：The result was so disappointing that everyone felt unhappy. (disappoint)
解析：-ing形容词多用来修饰事物，表示“令人…的”；disappointing 意为“令人失望的（物）”，形容result。
例句2：We were deeply disappointed at the result of the game. (disappoint)
解析：be disappointed at…表示“对…感到失望”，主语是人（we），要用-ed形容词 disappointed，而非修饰事物的disappointing。
15. fail v. 失败；未做到 → failure n. 失败
例句：Failure can teach us valuable lessons if we face it bravely. (fail)
解析：名词在句中作主语；failure 意为“失败”，注意首字母大写。
16. heartbreaking adj. 使人心碎的 → 合成词：heart（心）+breaking（破碎的）→heartbroken 伤心的（指人）
例句：He was heartbroken after he heard the heartbreaking news
解析：heartbroken用来形容人内心感到心碎、难过，主语一定是人；heartbreaking 用来形容事情、消息等令人感到伤心，修饰的是事物。这句话里用 heartbroken 描述他的心情，用 heartbreaking 修饰消息。
17. skiing n. 滑雪运动 → v. ski 滑雪
例句：He is interested in skiing and practices it very often. (ski)
解析：be interested in对...感兴趣，介词in后接动名词/名词作宾语；skiing 意为“滑雪运动”。
pletely adv. 完全地 → complete adj. 完整的 → completion n. 完成 → incomplete adj. 不完整的
例句：Nothing can completely change his strong decision. (complete)
解析：副词用来修饰动词change，表示动作的程度；completely 意为“完全地”
19. clearly adv. 清楚地；清晰地 → clear adj. 清楚的 → clearness n. 清楚 → unclear adj.不清楚的
例句：Please speak slowly so that we can understand you clearly. (clear)
解析：修饰动词 understand，必须用副词 clearly，意为“清楚地，清晰地”。
Unit3 What makes a great team
1. director n. 导演 → direct v. 指导；导演 → direct adj. 直接的 → directly adv. 直接地
例句：The director gave us clear instructions during the practice. (direct)
解析：director是名词在句中作主语，意思是“导演”，由动词direct 加上表示人的后缀 -or构成。
2. drama n. 戏剧 → dramatic adj. 戏剧性的 → dramatically adv. 戏剧性地
例句：There was a dramatic change in his life after joining the club. (drama)
解析：dramatic是形容词在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词change，表示“戏剧性的、巨大的”，由名词drama变化而来。
3. leader n. 领导者 → lead v. 领导 → leading adj. 领先的
例句：She is brave enough to lead the team in difficult situations. (lead)
解析：用在be + adj+ enough to do 结构中，表示“足够...去做某事”
4. freeze v. 突然停止；呆住 → 过去式 froze → 过去分词 frozen → freezing adj. 极冷的；冰冻的
例句1：It is freezing outside and we need to wear warm coats. (freeze)
解析：freezing 是形容词，在句中作表语，强调天气、环境非常冷，意为“极冷的、冰冷的”。
例句2：The frightening sound made him frozen with fear. (freeze)
解析：frozen 是形容词，在句中作宾语补足语，强调人被吓得呆住、僵住，侧重“被惊呆、被冻住”的结果。
5. silence n. 沉默；缄默 →silent adj. 沉默的；寂静的 → silently adv. 沉默地；寂静地
例句：We must keep silent while others are reading. (silence)
解析：silent形容词，跟在系动词keep后面作表语，表示“沉默的、安静的”，常用搭配keep silent意为“保持沉默”。
6. awful adj. 糟糕的；恶劣的 → awfully adv. 非常；极其；糟糕地
例句：We had to stay at home because of the awfully bad weather. (awful)
解析：awfully副词，在句中修饰形容词 bad，表示“极其、非常”，由形容词 awful 加后缀 -ly 构成。
7. advise v. 建议 → advice n. 建议；劝告
例句：I hope you will take my advice before you make a decision. (advise)
解析：advice是不可数名词，在句中作动词 take 的宾语，意为“建议、劝告”；固定搭配 take one’s advice 表示“听从某人的建议”。
8. yours pron. 你（们）的 → your 你（们）的（形容词性物主代词）
例句：Is this notebook with your name on it yours (you)
解析：yours是名词性物主代词，在句中作表语，相当于 your notebook，后面不接名词，用来代替前面提到的物品。
9. teamwork n. 合作，协作，配合 → 合成词：team（团队）+ work（工作）
例句：Good teamwork is important for group tasks. (teamwork)
解析：teamwork 是合成名词，由team和work组合而成，在句中作主语，意思是“团队合作、协作”。
10. strength n. 优点，长处，优势 → strong adj. 强壮的；强大的 → strengthen v. 加强；增强
例句：His kindness is one of his greatest strengths. (strong)
解析：one of后面要接可数名词复数形式 strengths，strength是名词在句中作表语，意为“优点、长处”。
11. weakness n. 弱点，缺点，不足 → weak adj. 虚弱的；软弱的 → weaken v. 使虚弱；削弱
例句：Everyone should face their weaknesses bravely and try to improve. (weak)
解析：由their得知这里用名词形式，weaknesses在句中作宾语，意为“弱点、缺点”，由形容词weak变化而来。
12. vote v. 投票，表决 → vote n. 投票；选票 → voter n. 投票人；选民
例句：We will vote for our new monitor tomorrow. (vote)
解析：vote是动词，在助动词will后面用动词原形构成一般将来时；固定搭配 vote for 表示“为…投票”。
13. suggestion n. 建议，提议 → suggest v. 建议；提议
例句1：Our teacher often suggests we read English every day. (suggest)
解析：主语our teacher是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，填suggests，意为“建议、提议”。
例句2：The manager offered us some practical suggestions on our project plan. (suggest)
解析：空格前有some后接可数名词需用复数形式，故填suggestions。
14. meeting n. 会议 → meet v. 遇见；会面 → 过去式 met
例句：We met our new teacher at the class meeting yesterday. (meet)
解析：由yesterday得知这里用一般过去时，met是动词过去式，由不规则动词meet变化而来，在句中作谓语，表示“遇见、会面”。
15. shy adj. 羞怯的，腼腆的 → shyly adv. 羞怯地；腼腆地 → shyness n. 羞怯；腼腆
例句1：The little girl was too shy to speak in public. (shy)
解析：shy 是形容词，跟在 be 动词后面作表语，表示“羞怯的、腼腆的”；too…to…结构表示“太…而不能…”。
例句2：The little girl shyly lowered her head when she spoke to strangers. (shy)
解析：空格处修饰动词短语lowered her head，需要用副词，shy是形容词，意为害羞的，其副词形式为shyly，意为害羞地，故填shyly。
16. confidence n. 自信，信心 → confident adj. 自信的；有信心的 → confidently adv. 自信地；有信心地
例句1：Practice will make you more confident. (confidence)
解析：confident是形容词，在句中作宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语you的状态，意思是“自信的、有信心的”。
例句2：The girl stood up and answered the questions confidently in class. (confidence)
解析：空格修饰动词短语answered the questions，需用副词，confident是形容词，意为自信的，其副词形式为confidently，意为自信地，故填confidently。
17. camp v. 扎营，宿营，露营 → camp n. 营地；露营 → camper n. 露营者
例句：We plan to camp by the lake this weekend. (camp)
解析：plan to do sth短语，计划做某事，camp意思是“扎营、宿营、露营”。
18. break v. 使破裂，使破碎 → break n. 休息；破裂 → 过去式 broke → 过去分词 broken
例句1：We had worked for hours, so we decided to take a break. (break)
解析：break是名词，在句中作动词 take 的宾语，意为“休息”；固定搭配 take a break 表示“休息一下”。
例句2：He broke his leg while playing football last week. (break)
解析：句中有时间状语last week表示过去，应用一般过去时，break的过去式是不规则变化broke，意为弄断、摔坏，故填broke。
19. tape n. 胶带 → tape v. 用胶带粘
例句：You can use this tape to fix the broken box. (tape)
解析：tape是名词，在句中作动词 use 的宾语，意思是“胶带”，指用来粘贴东西的物品。
20. voluntary adj. 志愿的 → volunteer n. 志愿者 → volunteer v. 自愿做
例句1：Many volunteers come to help people in need. (volunteer)
解析：volunteers 是名词复数，在句中作主语，意思是“志愿者”，指自愿提供帮助的人。
例句2：We are planning to do some voluntary work in the old people's home this weekend. (volunteer)
解析：空格后有名词work，需用形容词修饰，volunteer是名词或动词，意为志愿者、自愿做，其形容词形式为voluntary，意为志愿的、义务的，故填voluntary。
21. cooperation n. 合作 → cooperate v. 合作→ cooperative adj. 合作的
例句：Close cooperation helps us finish the task easily. (cooperate)
解析：close是形容词后接名词cooperation，在句中作主语，意为“合作”，是动词 cooperate 的名词形式。
22. climber n. 登山运动员 → climb v. 攀登 → climbing n. 登山运动
例句：The experienced climber knows how to stay safe. (climb)
解析：climber是名词在句中作主语，意思是“登山运动员”，由动词climb加表示人的后缀-er构成，由know可知climber用单数形式。
23. teammate n. 队友 → 合成词：team（团队）+ mate（伙伴）
例句：The teammates always trust and help each other in the team. (teammate)
解析：teammate在句中作主语，意为“队友们”，是由team和mate 构成的合成词，注意用复数形式。
24. lower v. 降低；降下 → low adj. 低的；下方的
例句：Please lower your voice in the library. (low)
解析：lower 是动词，本句是祈使句，用动词原形作谓语，意思是“降低、降下”。
25. painful adj. 令人痛苦的 → pain n. 疼痛 → painfully adv. 痛苦地
例句：He had a painful experience last month. (pain)
解析：painful是形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词 experience，意思是“令人痛苦的”。
26. north n. 北方 → northern adj. 北方的
例句：Many beautiful old villages are in the northern areas. (north)
解析：空格词在句中作定语修饰名词areas，用形容词，意为“北方的”，由名词north 变化而来。
27. base n. 基地 → base v. 以…为基础 → basic adj. 基本的→ basically adv. 基本上；大致说来
例句：It's important for us to master some basic skills in daily life. (base)
解析：空格后有名词skills，需要用形容词修饰，base的形容词形式是basic，表示基本的，所以填basic。
Unit 4 Helping Out
1. excuse v. 原谅 → excuse n. 借口；理由
例句：He always makes excuses for his mistakes instead of correcting them. (excuse)
解析：make excuses是固定搭配，表示找借口，根据前文always及语境可知他经常找借口，用名词复数形式，故填excuses。
2. afford v. 买得起 → affordable adj. 能负担的 → unaffordable adj. 负担不起的
例句：Few young people can afford such an expensive car without help. (afford)
解析：情态动词can后接动词原形，afford意为“买得起，负担得起”。
3. disappointment n. 失望，扫兴，沮丧 → disappoint v. 使失望 → disappointed adj. 失望的 → disappointing adj. 令人失望的
例句：To our great disappointment, the sports meeting had to be put off because of the rain. (disappoint)
解析：to one’s disappointment 固定搭配，意为“令某人失望的是”，用名词形式。
4. treatment n. 治疗，诊治；疗法 → treat v. 对待；治疗
例句：She is undergoing several treatments for her heart disease these months. (treat)
解析：several修饰可数名词复数，此处指多次疗程或多种疗法，故填treatments。
5. illness n. 病，疾病；患病状态 → ill adj. 生病的
例句：Her serious illness stopped her from taking part in the competition. (ill)
解析：形容词 serious 后接名词，illness 表示“疾病”。
6. wheelchair n. 轮椅 → 合成词：wheel（轮子）+ chair（椅子）
例句：The special road is designed for people who have to use a wheelchair. (wheelchair)
解析：wheelchair是合成名词，意为“轮椅”，冠词a后用单数。
7. public adj. 公开的 → publicly adv. 公开地 → public n. 公众
例句1：You are not supposed to smoke or talk loudly in public places. (public)
解析：public places固定搭配，意为“公共场所”，用形容词修饰名词 places。
例句2：The leader refused to apologize publicly for his mistake. (public)
解析：修饰动词apologize需用副词，public的副词形式为publicly，意为公开地，故填publicly。
8. directly adv. 坦率地；直截了当地 → direct adj. 直接的 → direct v. 指导；导演 → indirect adj. 间接的
例句：If you have any problem, you can ask the teacher for help directly. (direct)
解析：修饰动词ask要用副词，directly表示“直接地”。
9. solution n. 解决方法 → solve v. 解决；解答
例句：The experts are trying hard to find a practical solution to the problem. (solve)
解析：a solution to the problem固定搭配，意为“问题的解决办法”。
10. exam n. 考试 → examine v. 检查；考试
例句：She stayed up late to prepare for the coming final exam. (examine)
解析：final形容词，修饰名词exam，表示“期末考试”。
11. dialogue n. 对话 → dialogue v. 对话；交谈
例句：It’s important for students to dialogue openly with their teachers. (dialogue)
解析：dialogue作动词，意为“对话、交流、沟通”。本句使用句型：It is important for somebody to do sth，it 作形式主语，to do sth（to dialogue）是真正主语。
12. homeless adj. 无家可归的 → home n. 家
例句：We should try our best to help the homeless people in need. (home)
解析：homeless是形容词，意为“无家可归的”，修饰名词people。
13. donate v. 捐赠，捐献 → donation n. 捐赠；捐献物
例句：Many kind people choose to donate money or clothes to the poor area. (donate)
解析：choose to do sth. 结构表示选择做某事，to后接动词原形donate。
14. goodwill n. 好意，亲善，友善 → 合成词：good（好的）+ will（意愿）
例句：His sincere goodwill won the trust and respect of everyone around him. (goodwill)
解析：goodwill 是名词，意为“善意，好意”，作句子主语。
15. fireman n. 消防队员 → firemen（复数） → 合成词：fire（火）+ man（男人）
例句：The firemen arrived soon and saved the boy from the burning house. (fireman)
解析：此处表示复数概念，fireman的复数是firemen。
16. graduate v. 大学毕业 → graduation n. 毕业 → graduate n. 毕业生
例句：He will graduate from university and find a job next summer. (graduate)
解析：根据next summer得知用一般将来时，助动词 will 后接动词原形，graduate from 表示“从…毕业”。
17. warmth n. 温暖 → warm adj. 温暖的
例句：We can feel the warmth of spring as the weather gets warmer. (warm)
解析：定冠词the后接名词，warmth表示“温暖”。
18. means n. 手段；方法；工具 → mean v. 意思是；意味着 → meaning n. 意思；含义 → meaningful adj. 有意义的 → meaningless adj. 无意义的
例句1. The man you met yesterday meant to give us a hand, but he changed his mind later. (mean)
解析：由 yesterday和changed可知用一般过去时，mean的过去式为 meant。
例句2. Reading classic works can make our life more meaningful and colorful. (mean)
解析：make+宾语+形容词表示使...变得...，more meaningful用形容词做宾语补足语。
例句3. I’m afraid you have misunderstood the true meaning of his words. (mean)
解析：the true meaning of… 表示…的真正含义，形容词true后边用名词形式。
例句4. We should try every possible means to solve the problem as soon as possible. (mean)
解析：possible形容词后边接名词，短语：every possible means表示一切可能的方法、手段，every后接单数形式，用means。
19. lucky adj. 运气好的，幸运的 → luck n. 运气；幸运 → luckily adv. 幸运地 → unlucky adj.不幸的→unluckily adv. 不幸地
例句：She felt so lucky to get help from so many kind people. (luck)
解析：系动词feel后接形容词作表语，lucky 表示“幸运的”。
Unit 5 Looking into nature
1. northern adj. 北部的 → north n. 北方
例句：Many rare animals live in the northern parts of the vast forest. (north)
解析：空格后有名词parts，需要用形容词作定语修饰名词，northern 意为“北部的”。2. unknown adj. 不知道的，未知的 → known adj. 已知的 → know v. 知道（过去式：knew）
例句：The origins of this ancient tool remain unknown to modern historians. (know)
解析：remain是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，根据句意表示否定，unknown 意为“未知的，不知道的”。
3. African adj. 非洲的；非洲人的 → Africa n. 非洲
例句：She dreams of traveling to an African country to explore traditional culture. (Africa)
解析：空格后有名词country，需要用形容词作定语修饰名词，African 意为“非洲的”。4. belief n. 观点 → believe v. 相信
例句：His strong belief that nature should be protected is supported by fossil facts. (believe)
解析：形容词strong后面接名词作主语，belief意为“观点，信念”，根据is得知用单数形式。
5. fully adv. 完全地；充分地；彻底地 → full adj.满的；完全的
例句：The scientists are now fully ready to start their expedition to the desert. (full)
解析：空格后有形容词ready，需要用副词修饰形容词，fully 意为“完全地，充分地”。6. unlock v. 揭开 → lock v. 锁上（反义词）
例句：Advanced technology helps us to unlock the hidden secrets of dinosaur extinction. (lock)
解析：help sb. to do sth帮助某人做某事，unlock 意为“揭开，解开”。
7. newspaper n. 报（纸）→ 合成词：news（新闻）+ paper（纸）
例句：He likes reading newspapers in the morning, but today he only read some news online. (newspaper)
解析：此处泛指“读报纸”这一日常习惯，并非单指某一份，要用复数形式 newspapers。
8. writing n. 写作，著书 → write v. 写（过去式：wrote）
例句：Her imaginative writing about prehistoric life has won great popularity among readers. (write)
解析：writing 是名词，在句中作主语，意为“写作，著书”；由动词 write（过去式 wrote）变化而来。
9. alive adj. 有活力的，有生气的 → live v. 居住；活 → life n. 生命→ lively adj. 活泼的；生动的 → living adj. 活着的；现存的
例句1：The 90-year-old grandmother is still surprisingly alive and enjoys gardening every weekend. (live)
解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，alive意为“有活力的，有生气的”。
例句2：We had a lively discussion in class yesterday. (live)
解析：空格后有名词discussion，需要用形容词作定语修饰名词，表示“活泼的、生动的”，用 lively。
10. argument n. 论点，论据 → argue v. 争论；争辩
例句：The scientist’s argument that birds evolved from dinosaurs is based on solid evidence. (argue)
解析：名词所有格 scientist’s 后接名词作主语，argument 意为“论点，论据”，根据句意此处用单数形式。
11. clear v. 清除；清理 → clear adj. 清晰的 → clearly adv. 清晰地
例句：Please clear your desk and put away all the unnecessary documents. (clear)
解析：祈使句开头用动词原形，clear意为“清除，清理”。
12. upload v. 上载，上传 → download v. 下载（反义词）
例句：You can upload your research photos to the class website for sharing. (load)
解析：情态动词can后接动词原形，upload 意为“上传，上载”。
13. boiling adj. 很热的，滚烫的 → boil v. 煮沸；沸腾
例句：Be careful not to spill the boiling water when making tea in the kitchen. (boil)
解析：空格后有名词 water，需要用形容词作定语修饰名词，boiling 意为“滚烫的，很热的”。
14. chemical n. 化学品 → chemical adj. 化学的 → chemist n. 化学家；药剂师 → chemistry n. 化学
例句1. We should try to reduce chemical pollution in our daily life. (chemical)
解析：横线后有名词pollution，需用形容词修饰，chemical作形容词意为“化学的”，chemical pollution表示“化学污染”。
例句2. Some chemicals are harmful to humans and the environment. (chemical)
解析：some后可接可数名词复数，chemical 作名词意为“化学品、化学物质”，复数形式直接加s。
例句3. My uncle is a famous chemist who works in a lab. (chemical)
解析：a后接单数名词，chemist是名词，意为“化学家、药剂师”，符合句意。
例句4. She is very interested in chemistry and does well in it. (chemical)
解析：学科类用名词，chemistry是名词，意为“化学”，be interested in chemistry 表示“对化学感兴趣”。
15. endless adj. 无数的；无限的 → end n. 末端；尽头 → end v. 结束
例句：The process of studying prehistoric creatures seems endless, but it is full of fun. (end)
解析：系动词 seems后接形容词作表语，endless 意为“无数的，无限的”。
16. sight n. 视力，视觉 → see v. 看见；看到
例句：Her poor sight makes it difficult for her to read tiny words without glasses. (see)
解析：形容词poor后接名词作主语，sight 意为“视力，视觉”。
17. anybody pron. 任何人 → 合成词：any（任何）+ body（身体；人）
例句：Is there anybody in the research team who can analyze the fossil data correctly (somebody)
解析：there be 句型后接代词作主语，anybody 意为“任何人”。
18. magnifier n. 放大镜 → magnify v. 放大；扩大
例句：A small magnifier can help you observe the delicate structure of insect wings. (magnify)
解析：不定冠词a后接单数可数名词作主语，magnifier意为“放大镜”。
19. wealth n. 财富 → wealthy adj. 富有的；富裕的
例句：The old man is not as wealthy as people think, but he devotes most of his money to helping poor children. (wealth)
解析：as…as中间用原级，be动词后需形容词，wealth的形容词是wealthy，表示“富有的”，故填wealthy。
20. hardly adv. 几乎不 → hard adj. 坚硬的；困难的
例句：He was so excited that he hardly say a word when he heard the good news. (hard)
解析：so…that…结构，根据句意“太激动以至于几乎说不出话”，此处用副词 hardly表示“几乎不”。
21. belong v. 应在（某处）→ belongings n. 所有物；财产
例句：This precious dinosaur bone belongs to the national museum, not to a private collector. (belong)
解析：主语是单数，一般现在时动词用第三人称单数，belongs 意为“属于”。22. granddaughter n. 孙女；外孙女 → 合成词：grand（祖辈的）+ daughter（女儿）
例句：The kind old woman shared her interesting stories with her three granddaughters. (granddaughter)
解析：前面有数量词 three表示三个，后面需要接可数名词的复数形式，granddaughter 的复数是granddaughters，意为“孙女们；外孙女们”。
Unit6 Living with nature
1. sweetly adv. 悦耳动听地，好听地 → sweet adj. 甜的；悦耳的 → sweetness n. 甜蜜；甜美
例句：The little girl sang sweetly as she picked flowers in the field. (sweet)
解析：sweetly是副词修饰动词sang，意为“悦耳动听地，好听地”；由形容词 sweet 加后缀 -ly 构成。
2. villager n. 村民 → village n. 村庄；乡村
例句：The local villagers are very friendly and always ready to help visitors. (village)
解析：由are可知前边的主语用名词复数形式，意为“村民”；由名词village加后缀 -er 构成。
3. countryside n. 乡下，农村 → 合成词：country（国家；乡村）+ side（边；侧面）
例句：My grandparents prefer to live in the countryside because it is quiet and beautiful. (countryside)
解析：countryside是不可数名词，意为“乡村，郊外”，固定搭配 live in the countryside，意为“住在乡下”。
4. react v.（作出）反应 → reaction n. 反应；回应 → reactive adj. 有反应的
例句：Some of the audience's reactions were quite unfriendly. (react)
解析：名词所有格后面接名词作主语，reaction是名词，意为“反应”，由动词react变化而来，后面的were决定主语必须是复数，所以填 reactions。
5. especially adv. 尤其 → especial adj. 特别的；特殊的
例句：I love all kinds of fruits, especially strawberries and mangoes. (especial)
解析：especially是副词，用于强调，意为“尤其”；由形容词 especial 加后缀 -ly 构成。
6. wisdom n. 智慧；才智 → wise adj. 明智的；有智慧的 → wisely adv. 明智地
例句：The old man’s wisdom comes from years of experience and learning. (wise)
解析：wisdom 是名词，在句中作主语，意为“智慧；才智”；由形容词 wise 变化而来；副词形式为 wisely，意为“明智地”。
7. arrival n. 到来 → arrive v. 到达；抵达
例句：We are looking forward to the arrival of our foreign friends next week. (arrive)
解析：arrival是名词，在句中作宾语，意为“到来”；由动词 arrive 变化而来。
8. energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 → energy n. 精力；能量 → energetically adv. 精力充沛地
例句：The energetic children ran around the playground, laughing and playing. (energy)
解析：energetic是形容词，修饰名词 children，意为“精力充沛的，充满活力的”；拓展：名词形式为 energy，意为“精力；能量”；副词形式为 energetically，意为“精力充沛地”。
9. beekeeping n. 养蜂业 → 合成词：bee（蜜蜂）+ keeping（保持；饲养）
例句：Beekeeping is an important industry that helps pollinate crops and produce honey. (beekeeping)
解析：beekeeping是名词在句中作主语，意为“养蜂业”，由 bee 和 keeping 构成合成词，注意首字母大写。
10. energy n. 能源 → energetic adj. 精力充沛的 → energetically adv. 精力充沛地
例句：The students are cheering energetically for their team in the sports meeting. (energetic)
解析：空格处修饰动词cheering需要用副词形式，energetically 意为“精力充沛地、积极地”。
11. charge v.（使）充电 → charge n. 费用；电荷 → recharge v. 再充电；恢复精力例句：You should charge your phone before you go out, as the battery is almost dead. (charge)
解析：charge 是动词，在句中作谓语，意为“（使）充电”，情态动词should后用动词原形。
12. environment n. 生态环境 → environmental adj. 环境的；有关环境的 → environmentally adv. 环境上地
例句：We should try our best to solve environmental problems. (environment)
解析：空格后有名词 problems，需要用形容词作定语修饰名词，environmental 意为“环境的，与环境有关的”。
13. resource n. 资源 → resourceful adj. 足智多谋的
例句：Natural resources like water and forests are limited, so we must use them wisely. (resource)
解析：resource在句中作主语，意为“资源”，根据后边的water和forests得知用名词复数形式，拓展：形容词形式为 resourceful，意为“足智多谋的”。例句： She is a resourceful person who can solve problems quickly.（她是个处事灵活、办法多的人，能快速解决问题。）
14. probably adv. 很可能，大概 → probable adj. 很可能的；大概的 → probability n. 可能性；概率
例句：It will probably rain this afternoon, so you’d better take an umbrella with you. (probable)
解析：probably 是副词，修饰动词 rain，意为“很可能，大概”；由形容词 probable 加后缀 -ly 构成
15. west n. 西，西面 → western adj. 西部的；西方的
例句：The country is famous for its western lifestyle and festivals . (west)
解析：west 是名词“西方”，空格后是名词 lifestyle，需要用形容词 western（西方的）来修饰。
16. east n. 东部 → eastern adj. 东部的；东方的
The small village is in the eastern part of the island. (east)
解析：空格后是名词 part（地区；部分），需要用形容词修饰。east（名词，东方）→ eastern（形容词，东方的；东部的）。
17. midsummer n. 仲夏 → 合成词：mid（中间）+ summer（夏天）
例句：Midsummer is the hottest time of the year, when the days are the longest and the nights are the shortest. (midsummer)
解析：midsummer是名词，在句中作主语，意为“仲夏”，由 mid 和 summer 构成合成词，注意首字母大写。
18. crazy adj. 疯狂的 → crazily adv. 疯狂地；狂热地 → craziness n. 疯狂；狂热
例句：We were running crazily to catch the last bus. (crazy)
解析：修饰动词 run，需要用副词。crazy 是形容词，副词形式为 crazily，意为“疯狂地、拼命地”。
19. rainfall n. 雨量 → 合成词：rain（雨）+ fall（落下）
例句：The total rainfall last month was much higher than usual. (rainfall)
解析：rainfall 本身是不可数名词，意为“降雨量”，直接用原形。
20. survive v. 活下来，幸存 → survival n. 生存；幸存 → survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
例句：Only a few people managed to survive the terrible earthquake that hit the town. (survive)
解析：survive 是动词，在句中作谓语，意为“活下来，幸存”；manage to do sth短语，意为“设法做成某事”，这里填to survive。
21. underground adj. 地（面）下的 → 合成词：under（在…下面）+ ground（地面）
例句：The underground water in this region is clean and safe to drink after being filtered. (underground)
解析：underground 是形容词，修饰名词 water，意为“地（面）下的”，由 under 和 ground 构成合成词。
22. shortage n. 短缺，不足，缺乏 → short adj. 短的；短缺的 → shorten v. （使）变短；缺少
例句：A shortage of clean water is a serious problem in many poor and dry areas of the world. (short)
解析：shortage是名词，在句中作主语，意为“短缺，不足，缺乏”；由形容词 short 加后缀 -age 构成；动词形式为 shorten，意为“（使）变短；缺少”。
23. increase v. 增加，增多；增长 → increase n. 增加；增长 → increasing adj. 越来越多的；渐增的→ increasingly adv. 越来越多地；渐增地
例句1：The number of tourists to this beautiful village has increased a lot in recent years. (increase)
解析：根据in recent years得知句子用现在完成时，increase的过去分词为increased。
例句2：People are increasingly worried about environmental problems. (increase)
解析：修饰形容词 worried，要用副词 increasingly，表示“越来越担忧”。
Unit 1 Career talks
1. spiderman n. “蜘蛛人”（高空作业工）→ 合成词：______（蜘蛛）+ ______（人）
例句：Many people admire the ______ for their courage and special skills. (spiderman)
2. wet adj. 湿的，潮湿的，潮的 → ______ v. 弄湿 → ______ n. 湿，湿润
例句：She ______ her dress when she walked in the heavy rain. (wet)
3. drop n.（液体的）滴 → ______ v. 落下，掉下
例句：The boy _______ his phone and it was broken. (drop)
4. sweat n. 汗，汗水 → ______ v. 出汗 → ______ adj. 出汗的
例句：He felt hot and _______ after running for half an hour. (sweat)
5. watermelon n. 西瓜 → 合成词：______（水）+ ______（瓜）
例句：He politely handed me a piece of ______ from the fruit plate. (watermelon)
6. remind v. 使想起 → ______ n. 提醒物
例句：This old photo is a wonderful ______ of my childhood. (remind)
7. newborn adj. 新生的，新出生的 → 合成词：______（新的）+ ______（出生）
例句：The hospital has special rooms and professional doctors to take good care of weak ______ (newborn).
8. brush n. 刷子 → ______ （复数）→ ______ v. 刷
例句：My sister ______ her shoes clean every morning. (brush)
9. speech n. 演讲，演说 → （复数）→ ______ adj. 无言的 → ______ adv. 无言地
例句：She was so moved that she was completely . (speech)
10. challenging adj. 富于挑战性的，困难而有趣的 → ______ n. 挑战 → ______ v. 向…挑战
例句1：It's very important for us __________ ourselves in study. (challenge)
例句2：This is one of the most __________ tasks I have ever done. (challenge)
11. company n. 公司 → ______（复数）
例句：Many international ______ care about social responsibility. (company)
12. interview n. 面试，面谈 → ______ v. 采访，面试 → ______ n. 采访者→ ______ n. 被采访者
例句：The journalist usually does many __________ with famous people every month. (interview)
munication n. 信息，交流，沟通 → _________ v. 沟通，交流
例句1：We should learn _________ with others politely. (communicate)
例句2：Good __________ skills can help you get along well with others in both study and life. (communicate)
14. skill n. 技能，技巧，技艺 → ______ adj. 熟练的，有技巧的
例句：The______ worker finished the task in a short time. (skill)
15. personality n. 个性，性格 → _________（复数）→ ______ adj. 私人的，个人的→______ adv. 亲自地，就个人而言地
例句1：His sunny __________ makes him popular among his classmates. (person)
例句2：She ________ thinks that reading can improve one's mind greatly. (person)
16. require v. 需要 → ______ n. 要求，必要条件
例句：The job has many basic _________ for new workers. (require)
17. organise v. 组织，筹划，安排 → ______ n. 组织，机构
例句：She joined a local _________ to help the poor. (organise)
18. leadership n. 领导才能，领导素质 → 合成词：______（领导者）+ ______（后缀）
例句：Her courage and wise decisions have won her great __________ among the team members. (lead)
19. cashier n. 出纳员 → 合成词：______（现金）+ ______（后缀）
例句：The _____ behind the desk counted the money carefully. (cash)
20. necessary adj. 必要的，必需的，必不可少的 → _________ n. 必需品，必要的事物 → ________ adv. 必要地
例句1：Food and clothes are daily _________ for us. (necessary)
例句2：Success isn’t __________ measured by how much money you have. (necessary)
21. replace v. 取代 → _________ n. 替代品，替换物
例句：We need a _________ for the broken chair. (replace)
22. autopilot n.（飞机上的）自动驾驶仪 → 合成词：______（自动）+ ______（驾驶员）
例句：________ were first used in planes over a century ago. (autopilot)
23. tourism n. 旅游业，观光业 → ______ n. 游客，旅游者
例句：Millions of ______ visit this old city every year. (tourism)
24. surely adv. 确实地，无疑地 → ______ adj. 确信的，肯定的→______ v. 向…保证；使确信
例句：What he said ________ reflects his true thoughts and feelings. (sure)
25. provide v. 提供，供应，供给 → ________ n. 供应，供给
例句：The school is responsible for the __________ of healthy food and safe drinking water. (provide)
26. virtual adj. 虚拟的，模拟的 → ________ adv. 几乎，实际上
例句：With no experience, he ________ had no chance of getting the job. (virtual)
27. reality n. 真实；现实 → ______ adj. 真实的，现实的→ ______ adv. 真正地→ ______ v.意识到，实现
例句1：He finally woke up to the _______ that he couldn’t succeed without hard work. (real)
例句2：It is ________ kind of you to help me with my English. (real)
28. fashionable adj. 时髦的，流行的 → ______ n. 时尚，流行
例句：Short hair has been very ________ among young people recently. (fashion)
29. market n. 市场 → ______ n. 市场营销，市场推广 → ______ v. 推销，营销
例句：He wants to study ______ because he is interested in selling new products. (market)
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains
1. promise n. 保证，承诺，诺言 → __________v. 许诺，保证，答应 → __________ adj. 有希望的
例句：Everything he ________ to do hasn't been finished yet. (promise)
2. interrupt v. 打断（…的）讲话；中断（…的）行动；打扰 → __________ n. 打扰，中断
例句：Too many __________ make it hard for us to talk in peace. (interrupt)
3. pale adj. 苍白的 → __________ adv. 苍白地 → __________ n. 苍白
例句：The sudden ________ on her face made us realize something was wrong. (pale)
4. attach v. 系；绑；贴 → __________ n. 附件，依恋
例句：Please make sure the __________ is added to your email. (attach)
5. policewoman n. 女警察 → __________ (复数) → 合成词：__________（警察） + __________（女人）
例句：Several __________ are keeping order at the gate. (policewoman)
6. elderly adj. 年长的、渐老的（委婉用法） → __________ n. 长辈，年长者
例句：We should offer help to the __________ around us. (old)
7. point n. 要点，重点；中心意思，主要含义；观点 → __________ v. 指，指向
例句：He often __________ out the key steps when he explains things. (point)
8. lazy adj. 懒洋洋的，慵懒的 → __________ adv. 懒洋洋地 → __________ n. 慵懒，懒惰
例句：He is lying on the sofa __________ and doing nothing at all. (lazy)
9. spend v. 花（时间） → __________ 过去式 → __________ 过去分词
例句：She __________ plenty of time practicing her pronunciation recently. (spend)
10. conversation n. 谈话，交谈，会话 → __________ adj. 会话的，口语的
例句：We need to improve our __________ (conversation) skills in English.
11. disagreement n. 意见不合，分歧，争论 → __________ v. 不同意 → __________ n. 同意，一致
例句1：The two sides __________ with each other, so they didn’t reach an agreement. (agree)
例句2：After arguing for hours, there still remained a serious __________ between the two sides on this plan. (agree)
12. childhood n. 童年，儿童时代 → 合成词：__________（儿童） + __________（时期）
例句：Her sweet __________ is full of happy and warm memories. (childhood)
13. pressure n.（工作或生活中的）压力 → __________ v. 施压
例句：Too much __________ may bring trouble to teenagers’ growth. (pressure)
14. disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的 → __________ v. 使失望 → __________ n. 失望 → __________ adj. 令人失望的
例句1：The result was so __________ that everyone felt unhappy. (disappoint)
例句2：We were deeply ________ at the result of the game. (disappoint)
15. fail v. 失败；未做到 → __________ n. 失败
例句：________ can teach us valuable lessons if we face it bravely. (fail)
16. heartbreaking adj. 使人心碎的 → 合成词：__________（心） + __________（破碎的）→________ 伤心的（指人）
例句： He was ________ after he heard the ________ news.
17. skiing n. 滑雪运动 → v. ________ 滑雪
例句：He is interested in __________ and practices it very often. (ski)
pletely adv. 完全地 → __________ adj. 完整的 → __________ n. 完成 → __________ adj. 不完整的
例句：Nothing can __________ change his strong decision. (complete)
19. clearly adv. 清楚地；清晰地 → __________ adj. 清楚的 → __________ n. 清楚 → __________ adj. 不清楚的
例句：Please speak slowly so that we can understand you _______. (clear)
Unit3 What makes a great team
1. director n. 导演 → ______ v. 指导；导演→ ______ adj. 直接的 → ______ adv.直接地
例句：The ______ gave us clear instructions during the practice. (direct)
2. drama n. 戏剧 → ______ adj. 戏剧性的 → ______ adv. 戏剧性地
例句：There was a ______ change in his life after joining the club. (drama)
3. leader n. 领导者 → ______ v. 领导 → ______ adj. 领先的
例句：She is brave enough _______ the team in difficult situations. (lead)
4. freeze v. 突然停止；呆住 → 过去式 ______ → 过去分词 ______ → ______ adj. 极冷的；冰冻的
例句1：It is ______ outside and we need to wear warm coats. (freeze)
例句2：The frightening sound made him ______ with fear. (freeze)
5. silence n. 沉默；缄默 → ______ adj. 沉默的；寂静的 → ______ adv. 沉默地；寂静地
例句：We must keep ______ while others are reading. (silence)
6. awful adj. 糟糕的；恶劣的 → ______ adv. 非常；极其；糟糕地
例句：We had to stay at home because of the ______ bad weather. (awful)
7. advise v. 建议 → ______ n. 建议；劝告
例句：I hope you will take my ______ before you make a decision. (advise)
8. yours pron. 你（们）的 → ______你（们）的（形容词性物主代词）
例句：Is this notebook with your name on it ______ (you)
9. teamwork n. 合作，协作，配合 → 合成词：______（团队）+ ______（工作）
例句：Good ______ is important for group tasks. (teamwork)
10. strength n. 优点，长处，优势 → ______ adj. 强壮的；强大的 → ______ v. 加强；增强
例句：His kindness is one of his greatest ______. (strong)
11. weakness n. 弱点，缺点，不足 → ______ adj. 虚弱的；软弱的 → ______ v. 使虚弱；削弱
例句：Everyone should face their ______ bravely and try to improve. (weak)
12. vote v. 投票，表决 → ______ n. 投票；选票 → ______ n. 投票人；选民
例句：We ______ for our new monitor tomorrow. (vote)
13. suggestion n. 建议，提议 → ______ v. 建议；提议
例句1：Our teacher often ______ we read English every day. (suggest)
例句2：The manager offered us some practical ________ on our project plan. (suggest)
14. meeting n. 会议 → ______ v. 遇见；会面 → 过去式 ______
例句：We ______ our new teacher at the class meeting yesterday. (meet)
15. shy adj. 羞怯的，腼腆的 → ______ adv. 羞怯地；腼腆地 → ______ n. 羞怯；腼腆
例句1：The little girl was too ______ to speak in public. (shy)
例句2：The little girl ________ lowered her head when she spoke to strangers. (shy)
16. confidence n. 自信，信心 → ______ adj. 自信的；有信心的 → ______ adv. 自信地；有信心地
例句1：Practice will make you more ______. (confidence)
例句2：The girl stood up and answered the questions ________ in class. (confidence)
17. camp v. 扎营，宿营，露营 → ______ n. 营地；露营 → ______ n. 露营者
例句：We plan ______ by the lake this weekend. (camp)
18. break v. 使破裂，使破碎 → ______ n. 休息；破裂 → 过去式 ______ → 过去分词 ______
例句1：We had worked for hours, so we decided to take a ______. (break)
例句2：He ________ his leg while playing football last week. (break)
19. tape n. 胶带 → ______ v. 用胶带粘
例句：You can use this ______ to fix the broken box. (tape)
20. voluntary adj. 志愿的 → ______ n. 志愿者 → ______ v. 自愿做
例句1：Many ______ come to help people in need. (volunteer)
例句2：We are planning to do some ________ work in the old people's home this weekend. (volunteer)
21. cooperation n. 合作 → ______ v. 合作 →______ adj. 合作的
例句1：Close ______ helps us finish the task easily. (cooperate)
22. climber n. 登山运动员 → ______ v. 攀登→ ______ n. 登山运动
例句：The experienced ______ knows how to stay safe. (climb)
23. teammate n. 队友 → 合成词：______（团队）+ ______（伙伴）
例句：The ______ always trust and help each other in the team. (teammate)
24. lower v. 降低；降下 → ______ adj. 低的；下方的
例句：Please ______ your voice in the library. (low)
25. painful adj. 令人痛苦的 → ______ n. 疼痛 → ______ adv. 痛苦地
例句：He had a ______ experience last month. (pain)
26. north n. 北方 → ______ adj. 北方的 → ______ adv. 向北方
例句：Many beautiful old villages are in the ______ areas. (north)
27. base n. 基地 → ______ v. 以…为基础 → ______ adj. 基本的
例句：It's important for us to master some ________ skills in daily life. (base)
Unit 4 Helping Out
1. excuse v. 原谅 → ______ n. 借口；理由
例句：He always makes_________ for his mistakes instead of correcting them. (excuse)
2. afford v. 买得起 → ______ adj. 能负担的 → ______ adj. 负担不起的
例句：Few young people can ______ such an expensive car without help. (afford)
3. disappointment n. 失望，扫兴，沮丧 → ______ v. 使失望 → ______ adj. 失望的 → ______ adj. 令人失望的
例句：To our great _________, the sports meeting had to be put off because of the rain. (disappoint)
4. treatment n. 治疗，诊治；疗法 → ______ v. 对待；治疗
例句：She is undergoing several ________ for her heart disease these months. (treat)
5. illness n. 病，疾病；患病状态 → ______ adj. 生病的
例句：Her serious ______ stopped her from taking part in the competition. (ill)
6. wheelchair n. 轮椅 → 合成词：______（轮子）+ ______（椅子）
例句：The special road is designed for people who have to use a ______. (wheelchair)
7. public adj. 公开的 → ______ adv. 公开地 → ______ n. 公众
例句1：You are not supposed to smoke or talk loudly in ______ places. (public)
例句2：The leader refused to apologize ________ for his mistake. (public)
8. directly adv. 坦率地；直截了当地 → ______ adj.直接的 → ______ v. 指导；导演→ ______ adj. 间接的
例句：If you have any problem, you can ask the teacher for help ______. (direct)
9. solution n. 解决方法 → ______ v. 解决；解答
例句：The experts are trying hard to find a practical ______ to the problem. (solve)
10. exam n. 考试 → ______ v. 检查；考试
例句：She stayed up late to prepare for the coming final ______. (examine)
11. dialogue n. 对话 → ______ v. 对话；交谈
例句：It’s important for students _________ openly with their teachers. (dialogue)
12. homeless adj. 无家可归的 → ______ n. 家
例句：We should try our best to help the ______ people in need. (home)
13. donate v. 捐赠，捐献 → ______ n. 捐赠；捐献物
例句：Many kind people choose ________ money or clothes to the poor area. (donate)
14. goodwill n. 好意，亲善，友善 → 合成词：______（好的）+ ______（意愿）
例句：His sincere ______ won the trust and respect of everyone around him. (goodwill)
15. fireman n. 消防队员 → ______（复数）→合成词：_____（火）+ _____（男人）
例句：The ______ arrived soon and saved the boy from the burning house. (fireman)
16. graduate v. 大学毕业 → ______ n. 毕业 → ______ n. 毕业生
例句：He ________ from university and find a job next summer. (graduate)
17. warmth n. 温暖 → ______ adj. 温暖的
例句：We can feel the ______ of spring as the weather gets warmer. (warm)
18. means n. 手段；方法；工具 → ______ v. 意思是；意味着 → ______ n. 意思；含义 → ______ adj. 有意义的 → ______ adj. 无意义的
例句1. The man you met yesterday ______ to give us a hand, but he changed his mind later. (mean)
例句2. Reading classic works can make our life more ________ and colorful. (mean)
例句3. I’m afraid you have misunderstood the true ________ of his words. (mean)
例句4. We should try every possible ______ to solve the problem as soon as possible. (mean)
19. lucky adj. 运气好的，幸运的 → ______ n. 运气；幸运 → ______ adv. 幸运地 → ______ adj.不幸的→______ adv.不幸地
例句：She felt so ______ to get help from so many kind people. (luck)
Unit 5 Looking into nature
1. northern adj. 北部的 → ______ n. 北方
例句：Many rare animals live in the ______ parts of the vast forest. (north)
2. unknown adj. 不知道的，未知的 → ______ adj. 已知的 → ______ v. 知道（过去式：______）
例句：The origins of this ancient tool remain ______ to modern historians. (know)
3. African adj. 非洲的；非洲人的 → ______ n. 非洲
例句：She dreams of traveling to an ______ country to explore traditional culture. (Africa)
4. belief n. 观点 → ______ v. 相信
例句：His strong ______ that nature should be protected is supported by fossil facts. (believe)
5. fully adv. 完全地；充分地；彻底地 → ______ adj. 满的；完全的
例句：The scientists are now ______ ready to start their expedition to the desert. (full)
6. unlock v. 揭开 → ______ v. 锁上（反义词）
例句：Advanced technology helps us ______ the hidden secrets of dinosaur extinction. (lock)
7. newspaper n. 报（纸）→ 合成词：______（新闻）+ ______（纸）
例句：He likes reading ________ in the morning, but today he only read some news online. (newspaper)
8. writing n. 写作，著书 → ______ v. 写（过去式：______）
例句：Her imaginative ______ about prehistoric life has won great popularity among readers. (write)
9. alive adj. 有活力的，有生气的 → ______ v. 居住；活 → ______ n. 生命→______ adj. 活泼的；生动的 → ______ adj. 活着的；现存的
例句1：The 90-year-old grandmother is still surprisingly ______ and enjoys gardening every weekend. (live)
例句2：We had a ______ discussion in class yesterday. (live)
10. argument n. 论点，论据 → ______ v. 争论；争辩
例句：The scientist’s ______ that birds evolved from dinosaurs is based on solid evidence. (argue)
11. clear v. 清除；清理 → ______ adj. 清晰的 → ______ adv. 清晰地
例句：Please ______ your desk and put away all the unnecessary documents. (clear)
12. upload v. 上载，上传 → ______ v. 下载（反义词）
例句：You can ______ your research photos to the class website for sharing. (load)
13. boiling adj. 很热的，滚烫的 → ______ v. 煮沸；沸腾
例句：Be careful not to spill the ______ water when making tea in the kitchen. (boil)
14. chemical n. 化学品 → ______ adj. 化学的 → ______ n. 化学家；药剂师 → ______ n. 化学
例句1. We should try to reduce ______ pollution in our daily life. (chemical)
例句2. Some ______ are harmful to humans and the environment. (chemical)
例句3. My uncle is a famous ______ who works in a lab. (chemical)
例句4. She is very interested in ______ and does well in it. (chemical)
15. endless adj. 无数的；无限的 → ______ n. 末端；尽头 → ______ v. 结束
例句：The process of studying prehistoric creatures seems ______, but it is full of fun. (end)
16. sight n. 视力，视觉 → ______ v. 看见；看到
例句：Her poor ______ makes it difficult for her to read tiny words without glasses. (see)
17. anybody pron. 任何人 → 合成词：______（任何）+ ______（身体；人）
例句：Is there ______ in the research team who can analyze the fossil data correctly (somebody)
18. magnifier n. 放大镜 → ______ v. 放大；扩大
例句：A small ______ can help you observe the delicate structure of insect wings. (magnify)
19. wealth n. 财富 → ______ adj. 富有的；富裕的
例句：The old man is not as ________ as people think, but he devotes most of his money to helping poor children. (wealth)
20. hardly adv. 几乎不 → ______ adj. 坚硬的；困难的
例句：He was so excited that he ________ say a word when he heard the good news. (hard)
21. belong v. 应在（某处）→ ______ n. 所有物；财产
例句：This precious dinosaur bone ______ to the national museum, not to a private collector. (belong)
22. granddaughter n. 孙女；外孙女 → 合成词：______（祖辈的）+ ______（女儿）
例句：The kind old woman shared her interesting stories with her three ______. (granddaughter)
Unit6 Living with nature
1. sweetly adv. 悦耳动听地，好听地 → ______ adj. 甜的；悦耳的 → ______ n. 甜蜜；甜美
例句：The little girl sang ______ as she picked flowers in the field. (sweet)
2. villager n. 村民 → ______ n. 村庄；乡村
例句：The local ______ are very friendly and always ready to help visitors. (village)
3. countryside n. 乡下，农村 → 合成词：______（国家；乡村）+ ______（边；侧面）
例句：My grandparents prefer to live in the __________ because it is quiet and beautiful. (countryside)
4. react v.（作出）反应 → ______ n. 反应；回应 → ______ adj. 有反应的
例句：Some of the audience's ______ were quite unfriendly. (react)
5. especially adv. 尤其 → ______ adj. 特别的；特殊的
例句：I love all kinds of fruits, ______ strawberries and mangoes. (especial)
6. wisdom n. 智慧；才智 → ______ adj. 明智的；有智慧的 → ______ adv. 明智地
例句：The old man’s ______ comes from years of experience and learning. (wise)
7. arrival n. 到来 → ______ v. 到达；抵达
例句：We are looking forward to the ______ of our foreign friends next week. (arrive)
8. energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 → ______ n. 精力；能量 → ______ adv. 精力充沛地
例句：The ______ children ran around the playground, laughing and playing. (energy)
9. beekeeping n. 养蜂业 → 合成词：______（蜜蜂）+ ______（保持；饲养）
例句：______ is an important industry that helps pollinate crops and produce honey. (bee)
10. energy n. 能源 → ______ adj. 精力充沛的 → ______ adv. 精力充沛地
例句：The students are cheering ______ for their team in the sports meeting. (energetic)
11. charge v.（使）充电 → ______ n. 费用；电荷 → ______ v. 再充电；恢复精力
例句：You should ______ your phone before you go out, as the battery is almost dead. (charge)
12. environment n. 生态环境 → ______ adj. 环境的；有关环境的 → ______ adv. 环境上地
例句：We should try our best to solve __________ problems. (environment)
13. resource n. 资源 → ______ adj. 足智多谋的
例句：Natural ______ like water and forests are limited, so we must use them wisely. (resource)
14. probably adv. 很可能，大概 → ______ adj. 很可能的；大概的 → ______ n. 可能性；概率
例句：It will ______ rain this afternoon, so you’d better take an umbrella with you. (probable)
15. west n. 西，西面 → ______ adj. 西部的；西方的
例句：The country is famous for its __________ lifestyle and festivals (west).
16. east n. 东部 → ______ adj. 东部的；东方的
例句：The small village is in the __________ part of the island(east) .
17. midsummer n. 仲夏 → 合成词：______（中间）+ ______（夏天）
例句：______ is the hottest time of the year, when the days are the longest and the nights are the shortest. (midsummer)
18. crazy adj. 疯狂的 → ______ adv. 疯狂地；狂热地 → ______ n. 疯狂；狂热
例句：We were running______ to catch the last bus. (crazy)
19. rainfall n. 雨量 → 合成词：______（雨）+ ______（落下）
例句：The total __________ last month was much higher than usual. (rainfall)
20. survive v. 活下来，幸存 → ______ n. 生存；幸存 → ______ n. 幸存者；生还者
例句：Only a few people managed ______ the terrible earthquake that hit the town. (survive)
21. underground adj. 地（面）下的 → 合成词：______（在…下面）+ ______（地面）
例句：The ______ water in this region is clean and safe to drink after being filtered. (underground)
22. shortage n. 短缺，不足，缺乏 → ______ adj. 短的；短缺的 → ______ v. （使）变短；缺少
例句：A ______ of clean water is a serious problem in many poor and dry areas of the world. (short)
23. increase v. 增加，增多；增长 → ______ n. 增加；增长 → _________ adj. 越来越多的；渐增的→ _________ adv. 越来越多地；渐增地
例句1：The number of tourists to this beautiful village _________ a lot in recent years. (increase)
例句2：People are________ worried about environmental problems. (increase)

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