资源简介

(共28张PPT)
夯基培优练(四)
Iconic Attractions
Unit 2
(Writing & Assessing Your Progress)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Christmas Island， which is barely a tiny spot on the world map， sits about 402 kilometres south off the coast of Central Java， and 2， 655 kilometres from Perth， the nearest western Australian city. Technically， it’s part of Australia， but you’d never know it from its location.
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Christmas Island got its name from Captain William Mynors， an English sailor who accidentally landed on this unknown land on Christmas Day in 1643， though it wasn’t until the late 1800s that the island was properly surveyed.
With its warm temperatures and high rainfall， Christmas Island is home to all sorts of wildlife. Nearly two－thirds of the island is national park land， which is highly popular with bird－watchers.
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No matter where you end up in the forest， you won’t be short on sightseeing spots. Hugh’s Dale Waterfall is eye－catching， and can only be reached by hiking through the rainforest. Once you arrive at the falls， go ahead and take a shower under the crashing water—not only is it clean enough to drink， it’s held sacred by local Buddhists， who believe it’s the centre of the island’s “water universe”.
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Most people come for the beaches. Since the island is so small and has remained in its natural state for so long， all kinds of colourful fish can be found swimming around the island’s tropical reef. You might find yourself swimming with the world’s largest fish， the whale shark， which visits Christmas Island from November to April.
To get to Christmas Island， you’ll need to fly in from Perth or Fiji. Click here for more information.
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语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的圣诞岛。圣诞 岛位于爪哇中部海岸以南约402千米处，距离最近的西澳大利亚城市珀 斯2，655千米。　
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A. Watch wild birds.
B. Drink fresh water.
C. Cycle to Hugh’s Dale Waterfall.
D. Swim with a whale shark.
C
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【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “Hugh’s Dale Waterfall is eye－catching， and can only be reached by hiking through the rainforest.”可知，要去Hugh’s Dale瀑布，只能徒步穿越雨林。
A. Central Java is a city in Australia.
B. Christmas Island is cold and wet all year round.
C. It is very dangerous to travel on Christmas Island.
D. There are many wonderful sights in the forest on the island.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “No matter where you end up in the forest， you won’t be short on sightseeing spots.”可推知，岛上 的森林里有许多美丽的景色。
D
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A. A sport magazine.
B. A website.
C. A TV show.
D. A movie review.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Click here for more information.”可推知，这篇文章最有可能来自一个网站。click“点 击”是解题关键。
B
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B
The victims were carried in one by one， their paws and fur burnt， suffering from dehydration and fear. Their caretakers bandaged their wounds， wrapped them and laid them in baskets with the only thing that was familiar—the leaves of a eucalyptus tree (桉树).
As catastrophic fires have burnt more than two million acres in Australia， dozens of koalas have been rescued from burning trees and ashen ground. The animals， already threatened as a species before these latest fires destroyed an essential habitat， are being treated in rescue centres， and at least one private home， along the country’s east coast.
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The difficult situation of the koala—a national symbol of Australia—has raised questions among conservationists and scientists about what it will take to preserve biodiversity in a country increasingly exposed to intense fire， extreme heat and water scarcity， and which already has among the highest rates of species extinction in the world.
While koalas have evolved to exist alongside wildfires， the animals are facing new threats not just from climate change but also from human development， which has dislocated local populations， damaging their ability to survive fires. In some regions， scientists say， koalas’ numbers have declined by up to 80 percent， though it is difficult to know how many remain across Australia.
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“We have these unique animals not found anywhere else on this planet， and we’re killing them，” said Cheyne Flanagan， the clinical director of the Koala Hospital， the only facility of its kind in the world. “This is a big wake－up call.”
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语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了森林火灾肆虐，澳大利亚 的考拉面临死亡威胁的情况。人们积极努力，拯救那些无法逃离火灾 的受害者——考拉。　
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A. The koalas were taken good care of after being rescued.
B. Most of koalas have been rescued from burning trees.
C. The victims only suffered from severe burns and a lack of water.
D. Koalas have been listed among the highest rates of species extinction.
A
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【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，数十只考拉从燃烧的树 木和焦黑的地面上获救，并在救援中心和该国东海岸的至少一家私人收 养所中接受治疗。由此可知，火灾后获救的考拉得到了很好的照顾。
A. Illegal hunting.
B. Fires in the wild.
C. Human development.
D. Climate change.
A
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【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “to preserve biodiversity in a country increasingly exposed to intense fire， extreme heat and water scarcity” 可知，在一个日益遭受严重火灾、极端高温和缺水的国家， 须保护生物多样性；根据第四段中的 “While koalas have evolved to exist alongside wildfires…damaging their ability to survive fires.” 可 知， 考拉已经进化到可以与森林大火共存，但它们不仅面临着来自气 候变化的新威胁，也面临着人类发展的新威胁。由此可知，威胁考拉生 存的原因包括火灾、人类发展和气候变化。A项非法捕猎未提及。
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A. Tolerant. B. Supportive.
C. Indifferent. D. Worried.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，考拉医院的临床主任 Cheyne Flanagan 对于现在的情况表达出了自己的担忧之情。人类正在 杀死这些独一无二的动物，这对人类来说是个警钟。因此判断出，作者 对现在考拉的情况很担心。
D
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A. Climate Changes—A Big Wake－up Call
B. Koala—A National Symbol of Australia
C. Catastrophic Wildfires Burning in Australia
D. Saving the Fire Victims Who Cannot Flee
【解析】 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了森林火灾肆虐，澳 大利亚考拉面临死亡威胁。人们积极努力，拯救火灾的受害者——澳大 利亚的考拉。
D
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Ⅱ. 书面表达
旅游景点介绍
文体感知
介绍旅游景点就是对旅游景点的介绍说明，属于说明文。注意事 项如下：
1. 理清所要介绍的旅游景点是什么，具有哪些重要性或历史 意义；
2. 明确文章结构：
第一部分，交代清楚所要介绍的景点， 包括景点的位置；
第二部分，介绍景点的路线和风景；
第三部分，对景点进行总结和评价。
3. 找准时态与人称，理清写作顺序。
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【素材】
请你根据下列提示，写一篇介绍华山的英语短文。
提示：1. 华山位于陕西省华阴市，是我国著名的“五岳”之一；
2. 华山有五座山峰，分别为东峰、西峰、南峰、北峰和中峰；
3. 人们可以步行上山，也可以乘索道或缆车上山。
参考词汇：五岳 Five Sacred Mountains
索道 ropeway 缆车 cable car
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
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【审题谋篇】
体裁 　说明文　
话题 　介绍华山　
时态 　一般现在时　
人称 　第三人称　
说明文
介绍华山
一般现在时
第三人称
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【词汇】
1. 坐落于；位于
2. 山峰；顶峰
3. 国内外
4. 传说
5. 瀑布
located　
peak　
at home and abroad　
legend　
waterfall　
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【句式】
1. 完成句子
(1)华山位于陕西省华阴市境内。
Mount Hua Huayin， Shaanxi Province.
(2)华山作为中国“五岳”之一而闻名于国内外。
It is famous as one of the Five Sacred Mountains of China.
is located in　
at home and abroad　
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each of them has
an unusual legend　
At the foot of　
attract your
attention　
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look out over a sea of clouds　
on foot　
taking the ropeway　
beautiful
natural scenes　
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Located in Huayin， Shaanxi Province　
is famous
at home and abroad　
each of which has an
unusual legend　
Arriving at the top　
you can look out over a sea of clouds　
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【妙笔成篇】
Located in Huayin， Shaanxi Province， Mount Hua is famous at home and abroad as one of the Five Sacred Mountains of China. It has five main peaks ： the East Peak， the West Peak， the South Peak， the North Peak and the Middle Peak， each of which has an unusual legend.
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　At the foot of the mountain， the waterfalls will first attract your attention. Arriving at the top， you can look out over a sea of clouds. You can climb to the top on foot， taking the ropeway， or riding in a cable car， and along the way you can enjoy beautiful natural scenes.　
Now it is attracting more and more people， why not pay a visit there？
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II(共39张PPT)
夯基培优练(一)
Iconic Attractions
Unit 1
(Reading and Thinking)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. He laid the (found) of his success by study and hard work.
2. Henry was forced to leave his motherland for (politics)
reasons.
3. The house is (locate) next to the river.
4. Bamboo is light because it is h .
foundation　
political　
located　
ollow　
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5. I must insist on your giving me a s answer， and don’t beat around the bush.
6. The e is an imaginary line， which divides the earth into northern and southern parts equally.
traightforward　
quator　
7. In order to achieve this goal， we will strengthen our cooperation and make j efforts.
8. The h tastes bitter， but it is especially effective for your disease.
9. The kangaroo is native Australia.
oint　
erb　
to　
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10. She shows a very positive attitude her work.
11. Canadians often have b in summer， which means cooking meat and other food on a metal grill over an open fire， usually outside.
12. The b serves us with fresh bread daily and the shopkeeper is very friendly.
13. He b the pig with a small sharp knife and then took the meat to the market.
to/towards　
arbecues　
akery　
utchered　
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14. P of Canada announced new policies to support small- sized enterprises during the economic recovery.
15. Even at full speed， the ship’s engines cause very little (vibrate).
16. I believe in the spirit of the s ： “One World， One Dream”.
remier　
vibration　
logan　
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Ⅱ. 短语填空
can’t wait to　　　　　 agree with
in close contact with enjoy one’s time
personally speaking major in
be made from be referred to as
1. ， searching and enriching the experience of life is the real meaning of travel.
2. The kids building sandcastles at the beach.
3. He mathematics and got a master’s degree.
Personally speaking　
enjoy their time　
majored in　
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4. I share the good news with you.
5. This kind of beer wheat.
can’t wait to　
is made from　
are　
referred to as　
in close
contact with　
agree with　
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Ⅲ. 重要句型
1. 原句：It’s almost time for me to say goodbye to Australia.
【即学即练】
(1)一句多译
到我们行动起来，为环境保护尽一份力的时候了。
①It’s time and do our bit for the environmental protection.
for us to take action　
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②It’s time that and do our bit for environmental protection.
③It’s time that and do our bit for the environmental protection.
we took action　
we should take action　
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(2)完成句子
①这是我们全家第一次一起去看电影。
It’s the first time that together as a family.
②那时，四成的居民都骑车上班和上学。
40％ of people cycled to work and school.
we’ve been to the cinema　
It was a time when　
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2. 原句：Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture， minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture， with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
【即学即练】
(1)随着“世界地球日”的临近，我们学校里张贴了许多海报，号召我 们为绿色地球采取行动。
， a lot of posters were put up around our school to call on us to join in the actions for a greener earth.
With the World Earth Day approaching　
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(2)做完所有的工作后，我们去了附近的社区，把它们给了住在那里的 人们。
， we went to the nearby neighbourhood and gave them to the people living there.
(3)士兵让他背朝着他父亲站在那儿。
The soldier had him stand .
(4)他低着头站在老师面前。
He stood before his teacher .
(5)有这么多人帮忙，我们一定能按时完成。
， we are sure to finish it in time.
With all the work done　
with his back to his father　
with his head down　
With so many people to help us　
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Ⅳ. 完形填空
A 35-year-old Australian mother makes around $58，000 a year by hugging total strangers. Jessica O’Neill started her 　1　 job six months ago. “As human beings， one thing we often 　2　 in our daily lives is physical touch. Without it， we can fall into depression and other mental health problems. To satisfy this 　3　， I’ve become a professional worker in hugging treatment，” said Jessica.
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Jessica claims that her hugs can 　4　 those who are suffering from loneliness， depression， or low self-confidence. Originally， Jessica was a masseuse (女按摩师)， a quite 　5　 profession. She noticed that when she 　6　 her customers during treatments， they dropped their guards and 　7　 her more. “I could see their 　8　 melt away. Then I could get to their heart and do what I can to 　9　 them，” Jessica said. “Everyone has a totally different story. But the most common 　10　 are loneliness， depression and anxiety. They all just have that desire to concert with someone. I believe my hug helps me and my 　11　 connect on a spiritual level.”
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Jessica says the majority of her customers are male， but she has a surprising number of female customers 　12　. Despite many people thinking she must be crazy for doing such work， Jessica is confident that she’s made the right 　13　. “It’s so much more rewarding than just working as a masseuse. I feel like it’s what I was put on this Earth for， ” said Jessica. “In today’s digital age， many people are lonelier than ever before. For people whose lives 　14　 physical interaction， hugging therapy can have an apparent effect on their mental health.”
“Interestingly， although the hugging treatment has been around for a short while， we’ve actually covered several 　15　 businesses in the last few years.”
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语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位35岁的澳大利亚母 亲，通过拥抱陌生人治愈人们的故事。　
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(　D　)1. A. simple B. permanent
C. abnormal D. unusual
【解析】 考查形容词。根据语境可知，Jessica 成了一位“拥抱治 疗师”，并以此谋生。对于常人来说，“拥抱治疗师”是一份不寻 常的工作。
D
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(　B　)2. A. observe B. ignore
C. misunderstand D. miss
【解析】 考查动词。句意：作为人类，我们在日常生活中经常忽略的 一件事是身体接触。根据下文 “Without it， we can fall into depression and other…in hugging treatment.” 可知，人们在生活中忽略的是身体 上的接触。
B
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(　A　)3. A. need B. direction
C. curiosity D. method
【解析】 考查名词。此处表示“为了满足这种需求， Jessica 成了拥抱 治疗的专业工作者”。根据上文可知， Jessica 成了一位“拥抱治疗 师”，目的是满足人们对身体接触的需求。
A
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(　B　)4. A. rescue B. help
C. persuade D. train
【解析】 考查动词。句意：Jessica 说她的拥抱可以帮助那些孤独、抑 郁或缺乏自信的人。联系语境可知，她的拥抱只能是帮助那些需要帮助 的人，不至于到了营救人的程度，其他选项不符合语境。
B
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(　A　)5. A. ordinary B. well－paid
C. admirable D. challenging
【解析】 考查形容词。句意：最初， Jessica 只是一位女按摩师， 一个很普通的职业。联系语境以及常识可知，按摩师只是一个很普 通的职业。
A
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(　D　)6. A. accompanied B. greeted
C. consulted D. hugged
【解析】 考查动词。句意：她注意到，当她在治疗期间拥抱她的顾客 时，他们会放下戒备，对她更加放得开。根据上文可知，因为人们缺乏 身体接触，所以Jessica成了专业的“拥抱治疗师”。此处讲的还是拥抱 这件事。
D
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(　C　)7. A. made fun of B. took advantage of
C. opened up to D. spoke well of
【解析】 考查动词短语。句意同上题。根据空格前的“they dropped their guards”可知，客户在解除了戒备的前提下，一定会对她畅所欲 言，更加信任的。C项符合语境。
C
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(　B　)8. A. purpose B. tension
C. delight D. anger
【解析】 考查名词。句意：我可以看到他们的紧张情绪消失了。联系 上文可知，在解除戒备、打开心扉之后，客户的紧张心情也一定能得到 缓解。
B
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(　D　)9. A. impress B. interest
C. defeat D. cure
【解析】 考查动词。句意：Jessica说道，“然后我就可以深入他们的 内心，尽我所能地治愈他们。”联系语境可知， Jessica 的职业是治疗 师，因此，其工作内容一定是和治疗相关的，其他选项不符合语境。
D
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(　A　)10. A. signs B. faults
C. weaknesses D. failures
【解析】 考查名词。句意：但最常见的症状是孤独、抑郁和焦虑。由 空格后的 “loneliness， depression and anxiety” 可知，此处应当指的 是客人的“症状”。
A
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(　C　)11. A. colleagues B. ladies
C. customers D. passengers
【解析】 考查名词。句意：我相信我的拥抱帮助我和我的客户在精神 层面上建立了联系。根据下文的 “Jessica says the majority of her customers are…”可知，此处指的是客户。
C
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(　B　)12. A. in return B. as well
C. in total D. after all
【解析】 考查短语。此处表示“但她也有数量惊人的女性顾客”。根 据but 可知，该空格应用as well “也”，强调虽然大部分顾客是男性， 但是女性客户也很多。
B
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(　C　)13. A. suggestion B. agreement
C. choice D. promise
【解析】 考查名词。此处表示“Jessica 相信她做出了正确的选择”。 根据空格前的 “Jessica is confident that…” 和空格后的 “It’s so much more rewarding than just working as a masseuse.” 可知，在Jessica看 来，她从事“拥抱治疗师”这个职业是正确的选择。
C
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(　C　)14. A. doubt B. accept
C. lack D. hate
【解析】 考查动词。句意：对于那些生命中缺乏身体互动的人来说， 拥抱治疗法对他们的心理健康有明显的影响。根据上文的 “As human beings， one thing we often 　2　 in our daily lives is physical touch.” 可推知，人们缺乏的正是身体上的互动。
C
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(　D　)15. A. temporary B. difficult
C. secret D. successful
【解析】 考查形容词。此处表示“我们实际上已经有了几家成功的企 业”。联系语境可知，尽管拥抱治疗方法出现的时间很短，但因为能解 决人们面临的问题，因此一定能够取得进展，进而发展壮大。此处指的 是拥有了几家成功的企业。
D
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Ⅴ. 课文语法填空
Located to the south of the equator， below many other countries on the globe， Australia is often 　1　 (informal) referred to as “down under”.
A lot of typical Australian food is originally British. The influence of Asian cultures， on the other hand， led to the 　2　 (introduce) of bean curd and Asian herbs， along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese－inspired dim sum.
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The Aborigines are native to Australia. The Aboriginal population might be small， 　3　 its influence is still visible. 　4　 (survive) in this vast land on the ocean， the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature. This shows in their music， too， 　5　 celebrates the natural world and the spiritual world around them. Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks 　6　 (find) on the ground， among which there is an 　7　 (amaze) instrument called the didgeridoo.
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My biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures. Although the main cultural influence since 1788 　8　 (be) Western culture， minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture， 　9　 many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian 　10　 (citizen) were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
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1.
【解析】 考查副词。句意：位于赤道以南，并在地球上其他国家的下 方，澳大利亚通常被非正式地称为“down under”。分析句子结构可 知，该空格修饰动词 referred，需要用副词形式。
informally　
2.
【解析】 考查名词。此处表示“另一方面，亚洲文化的影响导致了豆 腐和亚洲药草的引进”。由前面的定冠词the和空格后的of可以判断此 处应用名词形式。
introduction　
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3.
【解析】 考查连词。句意：澳大利亚土著人口可能很少，但其影响仍 然显而易见。根据句意可以判断，设空处上下文在意思上是转折关系。
but　
4.
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在这片海洋中的辽阔陆地上生 存，澳大利亚土著人必须要和大自然保持密切的联系。分析句子结构可 知，此处需要用动词不定式表示目的。
To survive　
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5.
【解析】 考查定语从句引导词。句意：这也表现在他们的音乐当中， 他们的音乐赞美他们周围的自然世界和精神世界。设空处引导非限制性 定语从句，修饰前面的先行词their music，指物，从句中缺少主语，此 处需要用which。
which　
6.
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。此处表示“他们的大多数乐器其实只是在 地上找到的棍儿”。设空处作后置定语， find 与其逻辑主语 sticks之间 构成被动关系， 应用过去分词形式。
found　
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7.
【解析】 考查形容词。此处表示“其中有一种叫迪吉里杜管的神奇 乐器”。修饰事或物，表示“令人……的”，应用动词-ing形式的 形容词。
amazing　
8.
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。此处表示“虽然自1788年以来，主要 受西方文化的影响”。由 “since 1788”可以判断此处要用现在完成 时；主语为cultural influence， 为单数，助动词也需要用第三人称单数 形式。
has been　
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9.
【解析】 考查介词。此处表示“许多新的文化影响由移民促成”。联系语境可知，此处是with的复合结构做伴随状语。
10.
【解析】 考查名词的数。句意：据说现在将近一半的澳大利亚公民不 是在海外出生，就是他们的父母在海外出生。由设空处前面的all可以判 断，此处需要用名词的复数形式。
with
citizens
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夯基培优练(二)
Iconic Attractions
Unit 2
(Learning About Language)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. She read a poem (entitle) The Apple Tree.
2. He d into the water， leaving only his face exposed yesterday.
3. By persistence many countries won (free).
4. The Prime M has been asked to justify the decision to Parliament.
entitled　
ived　
freedom　
inister　
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5. We should not be a f in the well. We should take a long-term view.
6. Warriors armed with bows and a and spears have invaded their villages.
7. The care of older people is being placed firmly within the d of the family.
8. A wealthy s came to our rescue with a generous donation， so that our activities could be carried out smoothly.
rog　
rrows　
omain　
ponsor　
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9. L ， equality and fraternity are the ideals for which human beings have been fighting.
iberty　
10. The Bering S separates North America from Asia.
11. They wanted to see some s of his products before making large purchases.
12. Those hotels are always full during the p season.
trait　
amples　
eak　
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Ⅱ. 语法突破——复习过去分词
1. 单句语法填空
(1)The shop has remained (shut) for two weeks， which is not convenient for the people nearby to buy things.
(2) (attach) to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here.
(3) (free) from endless homework on weekends， the students now find their own activities， such as taking a ride together to watch the sunrise.
shut　
Attached　
Freed　
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(4) (attract) by the beauty of nature， the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.
(5)Satellites make TV accessible to people who live far away from cities， and satellite dishes can be often seen (distribute) throughout the countryside and remote areas.
(6)The professor suggested the problem (refer) to be solved at once.
Attracted　
distributed　
referred　
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(7)If public schools don’t work out a plan on how much they will spend next year and have it (approve)， they may not get enough money from the government.
(8)I have had my bike ， and I’m going to get somebody my radio tomorrow.(repair)
(9)Teaching is not just a simple piece of work： it’s an art (base) on a science.
(10)Fully (occupy) in looking after three small children， she cannot speak to you at the moment.
approved　
repaired　
to repair　
based　
occupied　
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2. 根据汉语意思，完成下列句子
(1)他站了一段时间，手仍然举着。
He stood for some time .
(2)我们对结果不满意，决定再次进行试验。
， we decided to do the experiment again.
(3)我继续讲我的，尽管不断被亨利打断。
I went on talking， though continually .
with his hand still raised　
Not satisfied with the result　
interrupted by Henry　
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(4)由于旅途劳顿，他很快就睡着了。
He soon fell asleep， .
(5)她正在读狄更斯写的一本小说。
She was reading a novel .
(6)你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？
When will you go to the hospital and ？
(7)这次会议获得了很大的成功，共有一千名学生出席。
The meeting， ， got a great success.
exhausted by the journey　
written by Dickens　
have your teeth examined　
attended by one thousand students　
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(8)在门口站着的那个女孩是我的女儿。
The girl is my daughter.
standing by the door　
(9)要在这里召开的会议很重要。
The meeting here is very important.
(10)他一康复就投身到他的工作中去，并且尽一切努力把它做好。
， he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.
to take place/to be held　
Once recovered　
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Ⅲ. 完形填空
Ten years ago， I was visiting Costa Rica when I found I was in a bad situation. I only knew basic Spanish， and the only 　1　 I had was some coins and a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks.
With the coins， I managed to arrive at Santa Rosa by bus. It was 　2　 in the middle of the night， but I could see some 　3　 in the distance， so I 　4　 towards them.
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I went 　5　 door to door， explaining my situation. “I can cook and clean and look after your kids. I can do anything. Can you give me a 　6　？” Everybody replied saying， “Oh my gosh， but we are so poor. We have no extra food. Maybe you can try the next 　7　.”
Finally， I arrived at a Chinese restaurant， the owner of which was incredibly kind. She told me that her son had a(n) 　8　 experience. At that time， some other people were very kind to him， and she remembered how grateful that made her feel. She called the Red Cross to 　9　 me. With their help， I spent my 　10　 days in Costa Rica.
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I’ve 　11　 all over the world. But this was one of the best trips， the best two 　12　 I ever had in my travelling life.
At first， I felt 　13　 and stupid for not travelling with a clear plan. But then I realised that when you’re in a position to be able to 　14　， it actually makes people feel happier. Being able to receive kindness is a gift for other people as well. And kindness 　15　 more kindness in small ripples (涟漪).
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语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了十年前作者在哥斯达 黎加旅行时，发现自己的处境很糟糕，之后有一位中国餐馆的老板帮 助了他的经历。作者意识到，能够接受善意也是给别人的一份礼物。
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(　A　)1. A. possession B. file
C. choice D. fortune
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文的 “some coins and a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks” 可知，作者拥有的唯一财产是一些硬币和一 张两周后去危地马拉的往返票。
A
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(　B　)2. A. busy B. dark
C. hot D. cold
【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文“in the middle of the night” 可知， 半夜的时候，天一定已经黑了。
(　D　)3. A. stores B. bus－stops
C. bookshops D. houses
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文 “I went 　5　 door to door， explaining my situation.” 可知，作者能看到的就是一些房子。
B
D
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(　C　)4. A. wandered B. fled
C. walked D. jumped
【解析】 考查动词。根据常识可知，作者是走向了那些房子，其他选 项不符合语境。
(　A　)5. A. knocking B. hitting
C. answering D. kicking
【解析】 考查动词。当作者看到房子之后，一定是挨家挨户地敲门， 解释自己的情况。
C
A
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(　D　)6. A. coffee B. bed
C. tip D. job
【解析】 考查名词。根据常识可知，当作者在介绍了自己的能力之 后，一定是想找一份工作来赚钱糊口。
(　D　)7. A. company B. factory
C. restaurant D. family
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文的 “I went 　5　 door to door” 可知， 当时人们一定是建议作者去下一家试试看、碰碰运气的。
D
D
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(　A　)8. A. similar B. different
C. unhappy D. pleasant
【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文“At that time， some other people were very kind to him， and she remembered how grateful that made her feel.”可知，老板告诉作者，她的儿子也有类似的经历。
(　D　)9. A. seize B. check
C. find D. rescue
【解析】 考查动词。联系语境可知，老板在知道了作者的情况之后， 打电话给红十字会来帮助作者脱离困境。
A
D
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(　B　)10. A. passing B. remaining
C. rewarding D. exciting
【解析】 考查形容词。在人们的帮助下，作者的境况会改善一些，那 么就能够在哥斯达黎加安稳地度过剩下的几天。
(　D　)11. A. surveyed B. driven
C. studied D. travelled
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文的 “the best two 　12　 I ever had in my travelling life”可知，此处作者是说自己环游了世界。
B
D
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(　B　)12. A. days B. weeks
C. months D. years
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文的 “a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks” 可知，这是作者旅行生涯中最棒的一次，也是作者度过的最棒 的两周。
B
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(　C　)13. A. fortunate B. optimistic
C. guilty D. curious
【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文的 “stupid for not travelling with a clear plan” 可知，起初作者为没有一个清晰的旅行计划而感到内疚和 愚蠢。
C
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(　C　)14. A. offer B. help
C. receive D. repay
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文的 “Being able to receive kindness is a gift for other people as well.” 可知，作者意识到了当你处于能够接受 善意的状态时，就会让人们感到更快乐。
(　D　)15. A. proves B. reflects
C. forces D. inspires
【解析】 考查动词。联系语境可知，作者在这里是想表达善意可以有 连锁反应，会在小小的涟漪中激发出更多的善意。
C
D
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Ⅳ. 阅读理解
Petra may be the treasure of an ancient world， hidden behind a tall mountain. Its beautiful scenery makes it one of the greatest ancient sites still standing today. Common sense says “perhaps there’s nothing on the planet that looks like it”. Without a doubt， there’s nothing in the world that resembles it. The rock-carved rose-red town of Petra is filled with a mysterious charm that had been “designed to strike wonder into all who entered it”.
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Petra is the legacy from the Nabataeans， a hard-working group of Arab people who settled in southern Jordan more than 2，000 years ago. Admired then because of their culture， architecture and complex dams and water channels， Petra has become a UNESCO (United Nations Educational， Scientific and Cultural Organisation) world heritage site and has been listed in the New Seven Wonders of the World.
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Petra is the most well-known site in Jordan located about 262 km south of Amman and 133 km north of Aqaba. The Dead Sea is 80 kilometres north of it. The steeply rising sides of a long， cool， dark and narrow gorge (峡谷) basically keep the sunlight out. Suddenly the gorge opens right into a natural square covered with Petra’s most well- known monuments， which glows in the bright sun. The ancient city shows the visitors its beautiful look. The town is large and the quality of the architecture is surprising. It leads someone to think about the creativity from the Nabataeans who made Petra their capital.
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Petra was the top architectural site for more than 400 years until it was occupied by the Romans in 106 AD. It was seen first when discovered in 1812 after being lost through the 16th century for nearly 300 years！ Petra has 800 monuments， including buildings， tombs， baths， halls， temples， and streets， which were mostly carved in the pretty sandstone. Petra sights are in their finest in the early morning and the late afternoon. Once the sun warms the colourful stones， you will see the majesty of Petra.
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语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了具有悠久历史的古 城——佩特拉。
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A. It is on the top of a mountain.
B. It was a palace for the king.
C. It is a unique site.
D. It was built by the Nabataeans in 106 AD.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Common sense says ‘perhaps there’s nothing on the planet that looks like it’.”可推断佩特拉风光的独 特性。
C
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A. It is about 133 km south of Aqaba.
B. It is about 262 km north of Amman.
C. It is 80 km south of the Dead Sea.
D. It is in southeast Jordan.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The Dead Sea is 80 kilometres north of it.”可知，佩特拉在死海以南80千米处。
C
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A. in the 1500s
B. in the 1600s
C. in the 1700s
D. in the 1800s
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It was seen first when discovered in 1812 after being lost through the 16th century for nearly 300 years！”可知，佩特拉在16世纪失落。
A
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A. Jordan， a Country Worth Visiting
B. Petra， Jordan’s Wonder of the World
C. The Treasure Hidden Behind a Mountain
D. Petra， the Best-known Ancient City in the World
【解析】 标题归纳题。根据第一段“Petra may be the treasure of an ancient world， hidden behind a tall mountain.”和全文内容可知，本 文主要介绍了Petra作为世界奇观所具备的特色。
B
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夯基培优练(三)
Iconic Attractions
Unit 2
(Using Language)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. The map shows the (distribute) of this species across
the world.
2. Fatal road accidents have decreased in (frequent) over
recent years.
3. They have called for an end to (violent).
4. Two water tanks provide a total c of 400 litres.
distribution　
frequency　
violence　
apacity　
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5. The new drug has not yet been (license) in the US.
licensed　
6. To ensure the safety of primary school students， traffic police installed a t traffic light at the school gate during school time.
7. If individuals are awakened each time they begin a dream p of a sleep， they are likely to become irritable even though their total amount of sleep has been sufficient.
8. The storm split a branch off from the main t . 　
emporary　
hase　
runk　
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Ⅱ. 短语填空
at birth a handful of
against the law hang onto
in the interest of in the wild
pick up come across
1. It’s very difficult for giant pandas to survive .
2. She brought rice out of the bag and showed it to me.
3. I’ve never such an experience in my time.
in the wild　
a handful of　
come across　
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4. He his knife and fork and began to eat.
5. I am doing this the great majority of people.
6. The twins were separated and brought up in entirely different environments.
7. You should that painting—it might be valuable.
8. Driving at night without lights on is . 　
picked up　
in the interest of　
at birth　
hang onto　
against the law　
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Ⅲ. 重要句型
1. 原句：They sleep and drink milk in that temporary， protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old.
【即学即练】
直到老板回来，他才离开办公室。
(1) . (正常语序)
(2) . (倒装)
(3) . (强调句型)
He didn’t leave the office until his boss came back　
Not until his boss came back did he leave the office　
It was not until his boss came back that he left the office　
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2. 原句：While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird， it’s really a primitive mammal， with a unique biology.
【即学即练】
翻译下列句子。
(1)We must strike while the iron is hot.
。
(2)While he loves his students， he is very strict with them.
。
趁热打铁　
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格　
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(3)While there is life there is hope.
。
(4)The son was having a good meal at home， while the parents were working in the fields.
。
只要生命存在，就有希望　
儿子在家吃大餐，而父母却在田里辛勤劳作　
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Ⅳ. 阅读理解
The kakapo， a bird that lives in New Zealand， is not designed for survival. Weighing up to 4 kilogrammes， it is the world’s fattest parrot. It mates (交配) only when the rimu tree is in fruit， which happens every few years. It developed gradually in the absence of land －based natural enemies， so instead of flying above the trees， it walks like a duck across the dry forest floor. When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it， it will stand still.
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Such unusual characteristics turned it into fast food for human settlers， and for the cats and rats they brought with them. It seemed to have disappeared by the 1970s， until scientists came across two undiscovered populations in the country’s south. These survivors were eventually moved to small enemy-free islands， where researchers have spent decades trying to get them to breed (繁殖). 　
The scientists’ patience was finally rewarded. The rimu was in fruit that year， and more than 80 chicks hatched， making that the best breeding season on record. Many survived into adolescence， increasing the number of adult kakapos by a third， to 200 birds.
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Another danger to the kakapo is a lack of genetic diversity. This is one reason why fewer than half of kakapo eggs hatch. By arranging the genome (基因组) of every living bird， scientists can identify closely- related individuals and put them on different islands. Every bird is fitted with something to track its slightest movement. If a female mates with an “unsuitable” male， the process can be stopped.
All these efforts cost almost New Zealand $1.3 million in this breeding season. Yet the kakapo’s future still looks unsafe. Earlier that year a severe disease tore through the population. And tiny as the number of kakapos is， space is running out on the two islands where most of them live. New enemy-free settlement must soon be found.
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语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们为了保护新西兰 的一种濒临灭绝的鸟类——鸮鹦鹉，所做出的一些努力。
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A. It is the smallest bird in the world.
B. It lacks exercise and usually stands still.
C. It adapts slowly in genetic development.
D. It can’t respond actively when facing danger.
D
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【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it， it will stand still.”可知，当鸮鹦鹉面对危险时，它不能做出积极的反应，这对鸮鹦鹉的生存来说是一种威胁。
A. They hatched 80 kakapos’ eggs this year.
B. They tried to make the rimu tree in fruit this year.
C. Two survivors were moved to enemy－free islands.
D. 50 chicks hatched had survived into adults that year.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The scientists’ patience was finally rewarded…the best breeding season on record.”可知，科学家 们的耐心得到了回报，今年有80多只雏鸟破壳而出。
A
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A. To stop closely－related kakapos mating.
B. To increase the population of kakapo.
C. To stop females mating with males.
D. To hatch more kakapos’ eggs.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，鸮鹦鹉面临的另一个危 险是缺乏遗传多样性。这就是只有不到一半的鸮鹦鹉蛋孵化的原因之 一。通过整理每只活鸟的基因组，科学家可以识别出亲缘关系很近的个 体，并把它们放在不同的岛屿上。由此可知，科学家们把鸮鹦鹉放在不 同的岛屿上，是为了阻止近亲鸮鹦鹉交配。
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A. successful B. unsafe
C. doubtful D. inadequate
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，鸮鹦鹉的未来看起来仍然 不安全，一种严重的疾病在鸟群中肆虐。尽管鸮鹦鹉的数量很少，但它 们生活的这两个岛屿上的空间已经所剩无几。由此可推知，作者认为保 护新西兰鸮鹦鹉的努力还不够。
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Ⅴ. 阅读七选五
A. Hopefully， though， we have realised the damage.
B. It’s home to the headwater of China’s three big rivers.
C. Unfortunately， the situation has got worse and worse.
D. It attracts visitors with its fantastic nature beauty and various wildlife.
E. The park has increased the area’s green coverage and attracted more wildlife.
F. Hopefully， the success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a greener future.
G. The local government has different ways of slowing environmental degradation.
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High on the Qinghai－Tibet Plateau lies China’s “Water Tower”—Sanjiangyuan. 　1　 The three rivers： the Yellow River， the Yangtze River and the Lancang River， provide water for about half the population of China. However， human activities such as overgrazing (过度放牧) are putting this ecosystem at risk.
　2　 In 2016， the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park， which was a pilot(试行) programme for China’s national park system. 　3　 Due to the progress made in the region， Qinghai held the first National Park Forum on 19 August.
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Sanjiangyuan National Park is a model of eco－protection. 　4　 For example， herdsmen have given their grasslands to nature and resettled in urban areas. As for wildlife， they are monitored by field conservation stations to keep the environment in good condition.
The idea of a national park system is still new in China， but it must be realised. As President Xi wrote in the congratulatory letter to the forum， “Building an ecological civilisation bears great significance in the development and progress of human civilisation.” With great efforts，people may one day be able to enjoy themselves in the vast lands of Sanjiangyuan and run freely across the plains alongside nature’s animals. 　5　.
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Sanjiangyuan National Park is a model of eco－protection. 　4　 For example， herdsmen have given their grasslands to nature and resettled in urban areas. As for wildlife， they are monitored by field conservation stations to keep the environment in good condition.
The idea of a national park system is still new in China， but it must be realised. As President Xi wrote in the congratulatory letter to the forum， “Building an ecological civilisation bears great significance in the development and progress of human civilisation.” With great efforts，people may one day be able to enjoy themselves in the vast lands of Sanjiangyuan and run freely across the plains alongside nature’s animals. 　5　.
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语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国将建立以三江源为源 头的国家公园系统及其重要意义。　
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1.
【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据前句“High on the Qinghai－ Tibet plateau lies China’s ‘Water Tower’— Sanjiangyuan.”和后句 “The three rivers： the Yellow River， the Yangtze River and Lancang River”可知，此句具有承上启下的作用。B选项 “它是中国三大河流 的源头” 符合上下文语境，选项中it指代上句中的“Sanjiangyuan”， “three big rivers”与下句中的“The three rivers”保持一致。
B　
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2.
【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文“However， human activities such as overgrazing (过度放牧) are putting this ecosystem at risk.”和后句“In 2016， the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park， which was a pilot (试行) programme for China’s national park system.”可知，我们已经意识到保护生态环境的 重要性。A选项“然而，有希望的是，我们意识到了这种损害”符合上 下文语境。
A　
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3.
【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据前句“In 2016， the Chinese government established…a pilot (试行) programme for China’s national park system.”和后句“Due to the progress made in the region， Qinghai held the first National Park Forum on 19 August.”可知，我们 已经意识到保护生态环境的重要性并取得了进展。E选项“公园增加了 该地区的绿色覆盖率，吸引了更多的野生动物”符合上下文语境，选项 中“The park”指代前句中的“Sanjiangyuan National Park”。
E　
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【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据后文“For example， herdsmen have given their grasslands to nature and resettled in urban areas…in good condition.”可知，这是保护环境所采取的措施。G选项 “当地政府有各种减缓环境恶化的方法”符合上下文语境。
G　
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【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据本段首句“The idea of a national park system is still new in China， but it must be realised.”和 前句“With great efforts，people may one day be able to enjoy themselves in the vast lands of Sanjiangyuan and run freely across the plains alongside nature’s animals.”可知，建立国家公园系统的想法在 中国仍然是新颖的，环境保护的努力只是一个开始。有朝一日，人们可 以欣赏三江源的美景，与野生动物共同奔跑在平原上。F选项“三江源 的成功有望标志着一个更加绿色的未来的开始”符合语境。
F　
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