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英语试题
Part One. Grammar
Section A （10%）
Directions: After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The viral ascendancy of xié xiū
A few weeks ago, I came across a video trend from China where the younger generation is embracing what they call xié xiū cooking — a style 1 the rules are thrown aside,
ingredients are paired in bizarre ways, and cooking methods are unconventional. Yet, when the
dish is done, it somehow makes sense and even tempts you to take a bite. Just last night, I watched a video of a steamed bun 2 (transform) into a pizza. At the time, I wondered how anyone could be so clever.
In classic Chinese martial art novels, xié xiū refers to practicing martial arts through
unorthodox (您端的) methods — taking shortcuts, using unconventional tricks, and often
advancing faster than 3 on the orthodox path. The term xié xiū now describes people
who use bizarre, unconventional, and occasionally ridiculous methods to solve problems.
4 it’s dieting by pretending to be a dog or cooking gourmet meals with nothing but a rice cooker and a microwave, the dark arts promise incredible power.
While the outcome may sometimes be efficient, xié xiū carries an emotional and
self-expressive element in 5 it’s done, not purely about the outcome but rather about
playfulness and self-expression. Though some may argue their appeal only lies in the appearance of cleverness within the short video format, 6 it really reflects is a deep-seated desire for agency and resourcefulness in a complex world, channeled through humor and a rebellious spirit against 7 (perceive) systemic inadequacies. So I believe there’s something important
here that we have been overlooking.
We live in a time when almost any fact is just a few taps away and with the help of AI. With AI, we should go beyond simply finding information. Since “All roads lead to Rome”,
8 always taking the most direct path, we should explore the other roads leading to the same destination, the unconventional, overlooked, or even playful routes that reveal what we
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9 (miss) so far.
This mindset has real implications for how we learn. In an age where the correct answer is instantly accessible through AI, our education systems should not only reward accuracy but also
encourage students to experiment. When learning becomes a space where curiosity, creativity, and even a bit of mischief are welcome, the journey is no longer a straight road but an adventure worth 10 (take).
Part Two. Vocabulary
Section A (5%)
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the expressions from the box in their proper forms. Note that there are two expressions more than you need.
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the expressions from the box in their proper forms. Note that there are two expressions more than you need.
pick up give off burn out call for bury...in stick out
11 ．Sensing potential danger, the wild fawn its ears sharply before vanishing into the woods.
12 ．Far from merely academic theories, she remained open to practical social issues.
13 ．Long before official measures were adopted, the worsening crisis careful risk control from all departments.
14 ．This rare plant a faint scent constantly since it was planted in the botanical garden
years ago.
15 ．The shuttle bus slowed down gradually exhausted travellers along the remote mountain route.
Section B (10%)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need.
A. perfect B. strike C. politely D. rivalry E. company F. seasoned
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G. occasional H. obstacle I. hires J. favourable K. unmistakably
Growing up with a dog and later adopting a cat as an adult (though I never owned both of
them at the same time, sounding like some tragic romance), I’ve always been wondering whether the 16 between cats and dogs is real or merely exaggerated in cartoons for entertainment purposes. After some light internet research and observing my “cat-dog utopia (乌托邦；理想国)” friend Amy, I’ve learned that cats and dogs do coexist, as long as they 17 the art of
mutual indifference.
Dogs are the enthusiastic (in a positive way) new 18 who bring snacks for
everyone on their first day and desire to be best friends immediately. Unlike dogs, cats are the
19 employees who want to drink their coffee in solitude (孤身), counting down to
retirement. The key to their harmonious relationship is to 20 a delicate balance of
ignoring each other 90% of the time — a strategy which also works wonders in office
environments (shout out to my English Department colleagues, who are basically all lovely people and mostly harmless).
Sure, there will still be 21 conflicts, but most of the time it’s just two furry idiots napping in the same couch, stealing each other’s food or drinks, and pretending they don’t secretly enjoy the 22 . Dogs wave their tails like overexcited teenage boys the moment they see
their human masters, as if their entire existence depends on this one dramatic performance. Meanwhile, cats observe this undignified display on the bookshelf, silently judging. Their expressions 23 say, “How embarrassing! Have some self-respect, you idiot.” But somehow, they still cuddle up together when they think no one’s watching.
With proper introductions and a 24 “everyone minds their own business” attitude, cats and dogs can learn to share space peacefully. And the most formidable 25 to the
signing of a peace treaty between them may turn out to be deciding who owns the sunny spot on the couch. And in the end, cats just always have the upper hand.
Part Three. Reading
Section A (15%)
Asked for a definition of intellectual property and ChatGPT answered: ‘IP refers to
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creations ofthe mind that are legally recognized and protected from unauthorized use by others. ’ The bot’s summary helpfully ended: ‘Intellectual property laws exist to encourage innovation and creativity by granting creators rights over their work. ’
the tech giants behind such artificial intelligence (AI) tools have chosen to play fast and loose with the rules. British artists are therefore calling for new rules to prevent tech
companies from riding roughshod over the traditional copyright laws that protect artists
. A campaign against the use of creative works for training generative AI now has more than 40,000 signatories. It is a battle that has united artists of every kind.
They are also outraged at UK government plans to weaken copyright laws, and are urging greater openness, control and financial payment to the challenge of AI.
The UK has a ‘gold standard’ copyright system and the oldest in the world. The Statute of Anne, passed in 1710, gave authors the right to their work. Now the government is
seeking to turn this law on its head by proposing where the responsibility would be on the rights holders to opt out oftheir content being taken free of charge, and for them to trace how it is being used.
Kate Mosse, the bestselling author and co-founder of the Women’s prize for fiction,
compares the AI model to a thief stealing all the chocolate bars from a shop on the grounds that no one told them they weren’t to do so. The peer, film-maker and digital rights
campaigner Beeban Kidron has said we should not “ the notion of theft.”
In the UK, adapting a novel for TV or film needs permission and payment. Covering a song No permission needed, but royalties(版税) apply. Even reproducing lyrics requires both permission and a fee, unless fair dealing applies. The is simple. If we want to enjoy the work that someone does, we should pay for it.
Both industries are in a . Tech insists that enforcing copyright laws on AI is unfeasible and a step backward, while creatives argue that opting out is unworkable and
. It is up to the to facilitate a fair agreement in which both flourish. This is a defining moment for our future. The artistic community has spoken. Now ministers must listen, take their concerns seriously and respond. We must protect our
at all costs.
26 ．A ．moral B ．equal C ．personal D ．exclusive
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27 ．A ．Therefore B ．Instead C ．However D ．Moreover
28 ．A ．livelihoods B ．freedom C ．safety D ．union
29 ．A ．commercial B ．unlicensed C ．intelligent D ．preventive
30 ．A ．counter B ．represent C ．dismiss D ．encounter
31 ．A ．create B ．trace C ．control D ．prize
32 ．A ．exceptions B ．solutions C ．improvements D ．arguments
33 ．A ．paid B ．trained C ．forbidden D ．allowed
34 ．A ．question B ．redefine C ．analyze D ．discuss
35 ．A ．adaptation B ．coverage C ．principle D ．application
36 ．A ．boom B ．deadlock C ．race D ．evolution
37 ．A ．unjust B ．unsafe C ．unnecessary D ．unmanageable
38 ．A ．celebrities B ．society C ．campaigners D ．government
39 ．A ．technological B ．sustainable C ．cultural D ．global
40 ．A ．laws B ．community C ．creators D ．tradition
Section B (8%)
Casting blame is natural: it is tempting to fault someone else for a mistake rather than taking
responsibility yourself. But blame is also harmful. It makes it less likely that people will own up to mistakes, and thus less likely that organizations can learn from them. Research published in 2015 suggests that firms whose managers pointed to external factors to explain their failings
underperformed companies that blamed themselves.
Blame culture can spread like a virus. Just as children fear mom and dad’s punishment if they admit to wrongdoing, in a blaming environment, employees are afraid of criticism and punishment if they acknowledge making a mistake at work. Blame culture asks, “who dropped the ball ”
instead of “where did our systems and processes fail ” The focus is on the individuals, not the
processes. It’s much easier to point fingers at a person or department instead of doing the harder, but the more beneficial, exercise of fixing the root cause, so the problem does not happen again.
The No Blame Culture was introduced to make sure errors and deficiencies(缺陷)were
highlighted by employees as early as possible. It originated in organizations where tiny errors can have catastrophic (灾难性的) consequences. These are known as high reliability organizations
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(HROs) and include hospitals, submarines and airlines. Because errors can be so disastrous in
these organizations, it’s dangerous to operate in an environment where employees don’t feel able to report errors that have been made or raise concerns about deficiencies may turn into future
errors. The No Blame Culture maximizes accountability because all contributions to the event occurring are identified and reviewed for possible change and improvement.
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), which supervises air traffic across the
United States, makes it clear that its role is not to assign blame or liability but to find out what
went wrong and to issue recommendations to avoid a repeat. The proud record of the airline
industry in reducing accidents partly reflects no-blame processes for investigating crashes and
close calls. The motive to learn from errors also exist when the risks are lower. That is why
software engineers and developers routinely investigate what went wrong if a website crashes or a server goes down.
There is an obvious worry about embracing blamelessness. What if the website keeps crashing and the same person is at fault Sometimes, after all, blame is deserved. The idea of the “just
culture”, a framework developed in the 1990s by James Reason, a psychologist, addresses the
concern that the incompetent and the malevolent (恶意的) will be let off the hook. The line that
Britain’s aviation regulator draws between honest errors and the other sort is a good starting-point. It promises a culture in which people “are not punished for actions or decisions taken by them that are commensurate with their experience and training”. That narrows room for blame but does not remove it entirely.
41 ．According to the research published in 2015, companies that had better performance.
A ．blamed external factors B ．owned up to mistakes C ．conducted
investigations D ．admitted failures
42 ．According to the passage, the No Blame Culture .
A ．encourages the early disclosure of errors
B ．only exists in high reliability organizations
C ．enables people to shift the blame onto others
D ．prevents organizations to learn from errors
43 ．What is the major concern about embracing blamelessness according to the passage
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A ．Innocent people might take the blame by admitting their failure.
B ．Being blamed for mistakes can destroy trust in employees.
C ．The line between honest errors and the other sort is not clear.
D ．People won’t learn their lessons if they aren’t blamed for failures.
44 ．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A ．The harmful effects of widespread blame culture at work.
B ．High-risk industries prevent catastrophic medical and air errors.
C ．We should end the meaningless blame game in the workplace.
D ．The differences between “no blame culture” and “just culture”.
Section C(8%)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
Creativity Peaks at Different Ages
Young and old alike can rejoice in a new finding by researchers at Ohio State University and the University of Chicago. There is hope for us all when it comes to creativity, they say.
“ 45 ,” explains Bruce Weinberg, lead author of the study.
According to the study, there are two types of creativity that can blossom at different points in a person’s life. 46
The reason for this difference is that radical thinkers usually come up with something new
before they are steeped in the conventions of their field. Experimenter, however, have to take
decades of trial and error and accumulated knowledge to make unusual connections, going beyond the conventions of their area.
Based on analyses of modern painters, writers, and natural scientists, Weinberg and his
co-author David Galenson, professor of economics at the University of Chicago already knew that there are “two polar types of innovators.” Conceptual thinkers tend to have precise goals for their works and execute them systematically. 47 Experimental innovators, on the other hand, are ambitious but vague. This leads them to take much longer to develop. The paper cites Paul
Cézanne, Virginia Woolf and Charles Darwin all as late bloomers.
48 . They found that just like with the artists and scientists, the conceptual innovators
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did their most groundbreaking work early in their careers, while the experimental innovators
tended to produce their best work later in life. In other words, “whether you hit your creative peak early or late in your career depends on whether you have a conceptual or experimental approach,” said Weinberg.
After the classification, the researchers determined the age when each made their most
important contribution to economics. They determined peak creativity by the point at which the subjects’ scientific papers had the most citations. Their analysis showed that conceptual laureates peaked between the ages of 25 and 29 while experimental laureates did it when they were about twice as old, in their mid - fifties.
A ．Conceptual innovators do their best work in their mid-twenties, while experimental innovators peak in their fifties.
B ．The new findings suggest that this kind of biased thinking leads to bad decisions.
C ．Applying the distinctions between conceptual and experimental innovations, the researchers focused on the Nobel Prize laureates in economics, classifying them as either conceptual or
experimental thinkers.
D ．Pablo Picasso, T.S. Eliot and Albert Einstein all did their greatest work in youth.
E ．“We believe what we found in this study isn’t limited to economics,” Weinberg said. “It could apply to creativity more generally on what kind of creativity you’re talking about.”
F ．Many people believe that creativity is exclusively associated with youth, but it really depends.
Section D. Summary Writing (10%)
49．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Can Automated Driving System Make Driving Safer
Last week, I encountered a traffic accident, which was later carried in the newspaper.
According to the news report, the driver told local crash investigators she’d been using the
Autopilot driver-assist system on her Tesla. It wasn’t until later they learned from the automaker that her hands were off the wheel for 80 seconds before impact. Automated steering is currently available in many vehicles, but does that really contribute to road safety
Supporters of autonomous driving argue that an intelligent system is more reliable than a
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human. On the one hand, by removing human error from the equation, these vehicles could
significantly reduce the number of accidents caused by fatigue or distraction. Autonomous
systems are designed to make split-second decisions based on real-time data, potentially
improving reaction times and reducing the likelihood of collisions. On the other hand, the
integration of autonomous cars into smart city infrastructure could lead to more efficient traffic flow, further reducing the risk of accidents.
Despite the promise, the current state of autonomous driving technology is not without its limitations. Autonomous vehicles rely heavily on sensors and cameras to interpret their
surroundings. However, these systems can struggle with harsh weather conditions and the
complexity of urban road environments. The reliance on technology also raises concerns about potential cyber-attacks, which hackers may launch to create chaos.
While the potential benefits of autonomous driving are undeniable, the leap to a fully autonomous future is not without its hurdles. The technology must evolve to handle a broader range of scenarios. There’s still a long way to go.
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Part Four Translation (3 + 4+5 = 12%)
50 ．应呼吁地震幸存者团结一心、重建家园。（call；survive）（汉译英）
51 ．直到看见那栋覆着厚厚尘土的倒塌房屋，我才意识到安全意识有多么重要。（strike；
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coat）（汉译英）
52 ．以防可能发生的紧急情况，学校已安排安保人员在各公共区域配备灭火器，确保现场万事俱备. （arrange；which）（汉译英）
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1 ．where 2 ．being transformed 3 ．those 4 ．Whether 5 ．how 6 ．what
7．perceived 8．instead of##rather than 9．have been missing##have missed 10．taking 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，短文以网络走红的“邪修烹饪”为切入点，解读了“邪修”这一概念从武侠小说到当下的内涵演变，指出其背后是人们在复杂世界中对自主能动性和应变能力的追求，进而引申到学习与教育层面，倡导人们打破常规、勇于探索，重视学习过程中的好奇心与创造力。
1 ．考查定语从句。句意：几周前，我发现了中国的一个视频潮流，年轻一代正热衷于他们所说的“邪修烹饪”——一种抛开规则、食材搭配怪异、烹饪方法非传统的风格。此处为定语从句，先行词是 a style ，指抽象的地点范畴，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where 引导。故填 where。
2 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：就在昨晚，我看了一个馒头被做成披萨的视频。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰 a steamed bun ，transform 与 a steamed bun 之间为被动关系，且表示动作正在进行，应用现在分词的被动形式 being transformed 。故填 being transformed。
3 ．考查代词。句意：在经典的中国武侠小说中，“邪修”指的是用非正统的方法习武——走捷径、用非常规的手段，而且往往比走正统道路的人进步更快。此处指代前文的 people，为了避免重复，应用代词 those ，特指“那些走正统道路的人” 。故填 those。
4 ．考查连词。句意：无论是假装成狗来节食，还是只用电饭煲和微波炉做出美味佳肴，这些“旁门左道”都有着惊人的效果。whether...or...为固定搭配，意为“无论是 还是 ”，用来连接两个并列的选择成分，句首单词首字母大写。故填 Whether。
5 ．考查宾语从句。句意：虽然“邪修” 的结果有时可能很高效，但它在实施方式上带有情感和自我表达的成分，这不仅仅关乎结果，更关乎趣味性和自我表达。此处为宾语从句，作介词 in 的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，意为“如何做” ，应用连接副词 how 引导。故填 how。
6 ．考查主语从句。句意：尽管有些人可能会说，它们的吸引力只在于短视频形式中展现出的小聪明，但它真正反映的是，在这个复杂的世界里，人们内心深处对自主能动性和应变能力的渴望，这种渴望通过幽默和对被感知到的体系性不足的反叛精神传递出来。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指物，意为“ 的东西”，应用连接代词 what 引导。故填 what。
7 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管有些人可能会说，它们的吸引力只在于短视频形式中展现出的小聪明，但它真正反映的是，在这个复杂的世界里，人们内心深处对自主能动性和应变能力的渴望，这种渴望通过幽默和对被感知到的体系性不足的反叛精神传递出来。此处修饰
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名词 systemic inadequacies，应用非谓语动词作定语，perceive 与 systemic inadequacies 之间为被动关系，意为“被感知到的体系性不足” ，应用过去分词形式 perceived。故填 perceived。
8 ．考查固定短语。句意：既然“条条大路通罗马”，我们不应总是走最直接的路，而应探索通往同一目的地的其他道路，那些非传统的、被忽视的、甚至充满趣味的道路， 这些道路能揭示我们至今为止所忽略的东西。根据句意， 此处表示“而不是” ，应用固定短语 instead of / rather than，后接动名词形式。故填 instead of / rather than。
9 ．考查动词时态。句意：既然“条条大路通罗马”，我们不应总是走最直接的路，而应探索通往同一目的地的其他道路，那些非传统的、被忽视的、甚至充满趣味的道路， 这些道路能揭示我们至今为止所忽略的东西。根据时间状语 so far 可知，此处表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，且可能还在继续，应用现在完成进行时 have been missing；也可表示动作到现在为止已经完成，应用现在完成时 have missed。故填 have been missing / have missed。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意： 当学习成为一个欢迎好奇心、创造力甚至一点小调皮的空间时，这段旅程就不再是一条笔直的路，而是一次值得去经历的冒险。be worth doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，此处应用动名词形式 taking，主动形式表被动含义。故填 taking。
11 ．stuck out 12 ．being buried in 13 ．had called for 14 ．has been giving off
15 ．to pick up
【解析】11 ．考查固定短语和时态。句意：察觉到潜在危险，这只野生小鹿猛地竖起耳朵，随后消失在树林里。根据“its ears”可知，此处表示“竖起”，stick out 为固定短语，意为“竖起；伸出”，结合语境可知，句子描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，stick 的过去式为
stuck。故选 stuck out。
12．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意： 她并非埋头于纯学术理论，而是对现实社会问题保持开放态度。根据“academic theories”可知，此处表示“埋头于”，bury...in 为固定短语，意为 “埋头于；专心于” ，结合句意，bury 与逻辑主语 she 之间为被动关系，且空前 from 为介词，后接动名词的被动形式。故选 being buried in。
13．考查固定短语和时态。句意： 早在官方措施出台之前，日益恶化的危机就要求所有部门严加管控风险。根据“careful risk control”可知，此处表示“ 需要；要求” ，call for 为固定短语，意为“要求；需要”，动作发生在 adopted 之前，应用过去完成时。故选 had called for。
14．考查固定短语和时态。句意： 这种稀有植物自从多年前被种在植物园里就一直散发着淡淡的香气。根据“a faint scent”可知，此处表示“散发” ，give off 为固定短语，意为“散发（气味）”, 由 since 可知，此处表示动作从过去开始持续到现在并将继续下去，应用现在完成进
答案第 2 页，共 10 页
行时。故选 has been giving off。
15．考查固定短语和非谓语。句意： 班车慢慢减速，以便在偏远山路接载疲惫的旅客。根据“exhausted travellers”可知，此处表示“接载”，pick up 为固定短语，意为“接人；搭载” ，此处用不定式作目的状语。故选 to pick up。
16 ．D 17 ．A 18 ．I 19 ．F 20 ．B 21 ．G 22 ．E 23 ．K 24 ．J
25 ．H
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者结合自身经历与观察，探究猫狗关系，发现二者可和谐共处，关键是保持“互不干扰” 的平衡，虽有小冲突，适当引导就能和平共享空间。
16．考查名词。句意：从小与狗一起长大，成年后又养了一只猫（尽管我从未同时拥有过这两只宠物，这听起来像是某种悲惨的爱情故事），我一直都在思考猫和狗之间的竞争关系到底是真实的还是仅仅在动画片中为了娱乐目的而被夸大了的。根据“between cats and dogs” 以及句意“竞争”可知应填名词 rivalry ，作主语，结合谓语动词 is 可知，用其单数形式。故选D。
17．考查动词。句意：经过一番简单的网络调查，再加上观察我那位“猫狗乌托邦”式的朋友埃米，我发现猫狗其实可以共处，只要它们熟练掌握“互不打扰” 的门道就行。根据“I’ve
learned that cats and dogs do coexist, as long as they” 以及句意“熟练掌握”可知应填动词 perfect，作谓语，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为 they ，谓语用原形。故选 A。
18 ．考查名词。句意：狗狗就像热情满满的新员工（是那种积极的热情），入职第一天就给大家带零食，还迫切地想立刻和所有人成为好朋友。根据“who bring snacks for everyone on their first day” 以及句意“ 员工”可知应填名词 hire ，根据上文 dogs 可知为复数。故选 I。
19．考查形容词。句意：与狗不同，猫则是那些“经验丰富” 的员工，它们喜欢独自享用咖啡，还把退休的日子当作一个值得期待的目标来计时等待。根据“employees who want to drink
their coffee in solitude, counting down to retirement” 以及句意“经验丰富”可知应填形容词seasoned ，修饰名词 employees 。故选 F。
20．考查动词。句意：它们关系和谐的关键在于要保持一种微妙的平衡，即大部分时间都不去打扰对方——这种策略在工作环境中也非常有效（我要特别感谢我的英语系同事们，他们基本上都是很友善、行为也大多不伤人的好人）。根据“a delicate balance” 以及句意“保持”可知应填动词 strike ，此处为不定式作表语。故选 B。
21．考查形容词。句意：当然，还是会偶尔出现一些冲突，但大多数时候不过是两只毛茸茸
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的“傻瓜”在同一张沙发上打盹，互相抢夺对方的食物或饮料，还假装自己并不真心享受这种陪伴。根据“most of the time it’s just two furry idiots napping in the same couch, stealing each
other’s food or drinks” 以及句意“偶尔”可知应填形容词 occasional ，修饰名词 conflicts 。故选G。
22．考查名词。句意：当然，还是会偶尔出现一些冲突，但大多数时候不过是两只毛茸茸的“傻瓜”在同一张沙发上打盹，互相抢夺对方的食物或饮料，还假装自己并不真心享受这种陪伴。根据“most of the time it’s just two furry idiots napping in the same couch, stealing each
other’s food or drinks” 以及句意“ 陪伴”可知应填名词 company ，作宾语，故选 E。
23 ．考查副词。句意：它们的表情无疑在表达着：“太尴尬了！”根据“How embarrassing!” 以及句意“无疑”可知应填副词 unmistakably ，修饰动词 say 。故选 K。
24 ．考查形容词。句意：只要做好适当的介绍，并让它们秉持“各自管好自己的事” 的态度，猫和狗就能和平共处，共享空间。根据““everyone minds their own business” attitude, cats and dogs can learn to share space peacefully.” 以及句意“有利的，适宜的”可知应填形容词favourable，修饰名词 attitude 。故选 J。
25．考查名词。句意：而它们之间签署和平协议所面临的最大障碍，或许竟在于如何确定谁有权占据沙发上的那个阳光充足的位置。根据“between them may turn out to be deciding who owns the sunny spot on the couch” 以及句意“ 障碍”可知应填名词 obstacle ，作主语。故选 H。
26 ．D 27 ．C 28 ．A 29 ．B 30 ．A 31 ．C 32 ．A 33 ．D
34 ．B 35 ．C 36 ．B 37 ．A 38 ．D 39 ．C 40 ．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文讲述 AI 科技公司未经授权使用受版权保护的作品训练模型，侵害创作者利益。英国艺术家强烈抗议，呼吁完善版权法，政府应出面协调，保护创作者与文化未来。
26 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该机器人总结得很有帮助：“知识产权法律的存在是为了鼓励创新和创造力，通过赋予创作者对其作品的独占权利来实现这一目的。”A. moral 道德的；B. equal 平等的；C. personal 个人的；D. exclusive 独有的、专属的。根据上文“Intellectual property laws exist to encourage innovation and creativity”提到知识产权法赋予创作者对作品专有权，是法律常识。可知，此处指的是赋予创作者对其作品的专属权利。故选 D 项。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这些人工智能工具背后的科技巨头却对规则肆意妄为。 A. Therefore 因此；B. Instead 反而；C. However 然而；D. Moreover 而且。根据上文“Intellectual
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property laws exist to encourage innovation”说法律鼓励创新，下文“the tech giants behind such artificial intelligence (AI) tools have chosen to play fast and loose with the rules”说科技巨头无视规则，可知，此处表示转折。故选 C 项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，英国艺术家们呼吁制定新的规则，以防止科技公司凌驾于保护艺术家生计的传统版权法律之上。A. livelihoods 生计；B. freedom 自由；C. safety安全；D. union 联盟。根据句意以及上文“British artists are therefore calling for new rules to
prevent tech companies from riding roughshod over the traditional copyright laws”可知，版权法保护艺术家的生计。故选 A 项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场反对未经授权使用创意作品来训练生成式人工智能的运动目前已拥有超过 4 万名签名者。A. commercial 商业的；B. unlicensed 未经许可的；C. intelligent 智能的；D. preventive 预防的。根据句意以及下文“ use of creative works for training generative AI”可知，此处指的是反对未经授权使用作品训练 AI 。故选 B 项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还对英国政府削弱版权法的计划感到愤怒，并敦促加强透明度、控制权和经济补偿，以应对人工智能带来的挑战。A. counter 应对、对抗；B. represent代表；C. dismiss 摒弃；D. encounter 遭遇。根据句意以及上文“and are urging greater openness, control and financial payment”可知，此处指的是呼吁公开、管控和报酬来应对 AI 带来的挑战。故选 A 项。
31 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1710 年通过的《安娜法令》赋予了作者控制自己作品的权利。A. create 创作；B. trace 追踪；C. control 控制；D. prize 珍视。根据上文“The Statute of Anne, passed in 1710, gave authors the right”可知，版权法赋予作者控制自己作品的权利。故选 C 项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，政府正试图颠覆这一法律，提出一些例外情况，即责任应由权利持有者承担，他们需自行决定是否放弃免费使用其内容的权利，并且要追踪内容的使用方式。A. exceptions 例外；B. solutions 解决方案；C. improvements 改进；D. arguments争论。根据句意以及上文“Now the government is seeking to turn this law on its head”可知，政府提议例外条款，让版权持有者主动“选择退出” 。故选 A 项。
33 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：畅销书作家、女性小说奖的联合创始人凯特·莫塞将人工智 能模型比作一个窃贼，他以无人告知其不得如此行事为由，将所有巧克力棒从商店里偷走。 A. paid 付费；B. trained 训练；C. forbidden 禁止；D. allowed 允许。根据上文“compares the AI model to a thief stealing all the chocolate bars from a shop on the grounds”可知，小偷的借口是没人说不允许他们拿。故选 D 项。
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34 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：而同行、电影制作人兼数字权利活动家贝班·基德伦则表示，我们不应“重新定义盗窃的概念” 。A. question 质疑；B. redefine 重新定义；C. analyze 分析； D. discuss 讨论。根据句意以及下文“the notion of theft.”可知，此处指的是我们不该重新定义盗窃的概念。故选 B 项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：原则很简单。A. adaptation 改编；B. coverage 覆盖；C. principle原则；D. application 应用。根据下文“If we want to enjoy the work that someone does, we should pay for it.”可知，后面是核心原则：享用作品就要付费。故选 C 项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两个行业都陷入了僵局。A. boom 繁荣；B. deadlock 僵局； C. race 竞赛；D. evolution 进化。根据下文“Tech insists that enforcing copyright laws on AI is unfeasible and a step backward, while creatives argue that opting out is unworkable and .” 可知，双方观点对立，陷入僵局。故选 B 项。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科技行业坚称，对人工智能执行版权法是不可行的，而且是一种倒退，而创作者则认为选择退出是不可行且不公正的。A. unjust 不公正的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. unnecessary 不必要的；D. unmanageable 难以管理的。根据下文“It is up to the to facilitate a fair agreement”提到公平的协议，可知，创作者认为“选择退出”机制不可行且不公正。故选 A 项。
38 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这应由政府来促成一个公平的协议，使双方都能繁荣发展。 A. celebrities 名人；B. society 社会；C. campaigners 活动人士；D. government 政府。根据后文“Now ministers must listen”提到部长，说明应由政府促成公平协议。故选 D 项。
39 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我们文化的未来而言是一个具有决定性意义的时刻。 A. technological 科技的；B. sustainable 可持续的；C. cultural 文化的；D. global 全球的。根 据语境以及下文“The artistic community has spoken.”可知，艺术版权关乎文化未来。故选 C 项。
40 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须不惜一切代价保护我们的创作者。A. laws 法律；
B. community 社区；C. creators 创作者；D. tradition 传统。通读全文内容以及上文“granting creators exclusive rights over their work”可知，全文讲的是都在保护创作者权益。故选 C 项。
41 ．B 42 ．A 43 ．D 44 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍职场中的指责文化的危害，以及无指责文化、公正文化的提出与意义，倡导理性对待错误，结束无意义的指责。
41 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Research published in 2015 suggests that firms whose
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managers pointed to external factors to explain their failings underperformed companies that
blamed themselves.(2015 年发表的一项研究表明，那些管理者将失败归咎于外部因素的公司，业绩不如那些自我反省的公司。)”可知，勇于承认自身错误、进行自我反省的公司表现更好。故选 B 项。
42．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The No Blame Culture was introduced to make sure errors and deficiencies were highlighted by employees as early as possible.(无指责文化的引入是为了确保员工能尽早指出错误和缺陷。)”可知，无指责文化的核心作用是鼓励员工尽早披露工作中出现的错误和不足。故选 A 项。
43 ．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“There is an obvious worry about embracing blamelessness. What if the website keeps crashing and the same person is at fault Sometimes, after all, blame is deserved.(人们对接受无指责模式存在明显的担忧。如果网站一直崩溃，而且总是同一个人出错怎么办？毕竟，有时候指责是应得的。)”可知，人们担忧的是，若完全不进行指责，犯错的人可能不会意识到自身问题，无法吸取教训，导致同样的错误反复发生。故选 D 项。
44．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“But blame is also harmful. It makes it less likely that people will own up to mistakes, and thus less likely that organizations can learn from
them.(但指责也是有害的。它会降低人们承认错误的可能性，从而降低组织从错误中学习的可能性。)” 、第三段中的“The No Blame Culture was introduced to make sure errors and
deficiencies were highlighted by employees as early as possible.(无指责文化的引入是为了确保员工能尽早指出错误和缺陷。)”以及第五段中的“The line that Britain’s aviation regulator draws between honest errors and the other sort is a good starting-point.(英国航空监管机构在无心之失和其他类型错误之间划定的界限是一个很好的起点。)”可知，文章开篇点明指责文化的危害，接着介绍无指责文化的提出背景、目的和应用场景，最后通过“公正文化”补充说明，避免完全无指责带来的弊端，全文围绕“职场中应摒弃无意义的指责、理性对待错误”这一核心展开，因此“我们应该结束职场中无意义的指责游戏”最能概括全文核心，适合作为最佳标题。故选C 项。
45 ．F 46 ．A 47 ．D 48 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍研究发现创造力分两类，概念型早年巅峰、实验型晚年出彩，并非只属于年轻人。
45 ．根据前文“There is hope for us all when it comes to creativity, they say.(他们说，在创造力方面，我们所有人都有希望。)”可知，前文提出创造力并非只属于某一年龄段，F 选项“Many
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people believe that creativity is exclusively associated with youth, but it really depends.(很多人认为创造力只与年轻有关，但事实并非如此。)”承接前文观点，符合语境。故选 F 项。
46 ．根据前文“According to the study, there are two types of creativity that can blossom at
different points in a person’s life.(根据这项研究，有两种类型的创造力会在一个人人生的不同阶段绽放。)”可知，前文提出两种创造力，此空应说明二者巅峰年龄，A 选项“Conceptual innovators do their best work in their mid-twenties, while experimental innovators peak in their
fifties.(概念型创新者在二十五岁左右创作出最佳作品，而实验型创新者在五十多岁时达到巅峰。)”具体解释两种创造力的巅峰时期，符合语境。故选 A 项。
47 ．根据前文“Conceptual thinkers tend to have precise goals for their works and execute them
systematically.(概念型思考者往往对自己的作品有精确的目标，并系统地付诸实践。)”可知，前文介绍概念型创新者的特点，此空应举例说明，D 选项“Pablo Picasso, T.S. Eliot and Albert Einstein all did their greatest work in youth.(巴勃罗·毕加索、T.S.艾略特和阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦 都在年轻时完成了最伟大的作品。)”列举概念型创新者的代表人物，符合语境。故选 D 项。
48 ．根据后文“They found that just like with the artists and scientists, the conceptual innovators did their most groundbreaking work early in their careers, while the experimental innovators
tended to produce their best work later in life.(他们发现，就像艺术家和科学家一样，概念型创新者在职业生涯早期完成最具开创性的工作，而实验型创新者则往往在职业生涯后期创作出最佳作品。)”可知，后文介绍研究者针对特定人群的新发现，C 选项“Applying the distinctions between conceptual and experimental innovations, the researchers focused on the Nobel Prize
laureates in economics, classifying them as either conceptual or experimental thinkers.(运用概念型与实验型创新的区别，研究人员聚焦诺贝尔经济学奖得主，将他们分为概念型或实验型思考者。)” 引出后文的研究对象与发现，符合语境。故选 C 项。
49 ． Autonomous driving is debated regarding road safety. Supporters claim it reduces human errors and improves traffic efficiency, while critics point out its limitations in harsh weather and
vulnerability to cyber-attacks. Despite its potential, the technology still needs further development. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了自动驾驶系统是否能提高道路安全这一争议性话题，分析了支持者和反对者的观点，并指出该技术仍需进一步发展。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①Automated steering is currently available in many vehicles, but does that really contribute to road safety
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②Supporters of autonomous driving argue that an intelligent system is more reliable than a
human.
③On the one hand, by removing human error from the equation, these vehicles could significantly reduce the number of accidents caused by fatigue or distraction.
④On the other hand, the integration of autonomous cars into smart city infrastructure could lead to more efficient traffic flow, further reducing the risk of accidents.
⑤However, these systems can struggle with harsh weather conditions and the complexity of urban road environments.
⑥The reliance on technology also raises concerns about potential cyber-attacks.
⑦There’s still a long way to go.
2. 缜密构思
将第①②要点进行重组，引出话题；
将第③④要点进行整合，阐述支持方观点；
将第⑤⑥要点进行整合，阐述反对方观点；
将第⑦要点作为结论。
3. 遣词造句
Autonomous driving is debated regarding road safety. Supporters claim it reduces human errors
and improves traffic efficiency, while critics point out its limitations in harsh weather and
vulnerability to cyber-attacks. Despite its potential, the technology still needs further development. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】 Supporters claim it reduces human errors and improves traffic efficiency. (运用了省略 that 的宾语从句及并列谓语动词 reduces 和 improves)
【高分句型 2】 Despite its potential, the technology still needs further development. (运用了介词 despite 引导的让步状语)
50 ．It is called on that the earthquake survivors should stay united and rebuild their homes.
【详解】考查主语从句、虚拟语气和固定短语。根据句意，该句描述的是客观建议，全句使用一般现在时，表示“应呼吁”为固定句型 It is called on that ，it 作形式主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“地震幸存者”为 the earthquake survivors 作从句主语；从句中表示建议，
谓语动词使用“should+动词原形”结构，表示“ 团结一心”为 stay united，在 should 后使用动词原形；表示“重建家园”为 rebuild their homes ，与 stay united 并列，使用动词原形。故翻译为It is called on that the earthquake survivors should stay united and rebuild their homes.
答案第 9 页，共 10 页
51 ．It didn’t strike me how significant safety awareness is until I saw the collapsed house coated with thick dust.
【详解】考查主语从句、状语从句、固定句型和过去分词。根据句意，该句描述过去发生的动作，主句使用一般过去时，从句使用一般现在时表示客观事实；表示“意识到”为固定结构it struck sb. ，位于句首单词首字母需大写，此处使用否定形式 It didn’t strike ，其中 It 为形式主语，“我”为宾格 me 作宾语；表示“安全意识有多么重要”为 how significant safety awareness is 为 how 引导的主语从句作真正主语；表示“直到 才 ”为固定句型 not...until...；表示“看见”为 saw ，动词用过去式；表示“那栋倒塌房屋”为 the collapsed house 作宾语；表示“覆着厚厚尘土的”作定语修饰名词 house ，使用过去分词短语 coated with thick dust ，所以 until引导的时间状语从句可译为 until I saw the collapsed house coated with thick dust 。故翻译为 It didn’t strike me how significant safety awareness is until I saw the collapsed house coated with
thick dust.
52 ．In case of possible emergencies, the school has arranged for security staff to equip fire extinguishers in all public areas, which ensures everything is well prepared on site.
【详解】考查固定短语、动词时态和非限制性定语从句。根据句意，前半句表示目的，主句描述已经完成的动作，使用现在完成时，从句描述结果，使用一般现在时；表示“ 以防可能发生的紧急情况”为 in case of possible emergencies ，作目的状语，位于句首单词首字母需大写；表示“学校”为 the school 作主句主语；表示“ 已安排”为 has arranged for ，主语 the school为单数，助动词使用 has ，动词用过去分词 arranged for ；表示“安保人员”为 security staff 作宾语；表示“在各公共区域配备灭火器”为 to equip fire extinguishers in all public areas，作宾语补足语；后半句用非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整件事，关系代词用 which ，在从句中作主语；表示“确保”为 ensure ，关系代词 which 视为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式ensures ；表示“现场万事俱备”为 everything is well prepared on site 作宾语从句，可省略连词 that。故翻译为 In case of possible emergencies, the school has arranged for security staff to equip fire extinguishers in all public areas, which ensures everything is well prepared on site.。
答案第 10 页，共 10 页

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