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Unit 5
Nature’s Temper
UNIT
5
Past continuous tense
能够结合例句识别when和while引导的时间状语从句，理解其表意功能；能够区分when和while的意义。
能够理解过去进行时的表意功能，分析句子结构特征，并通过与一般过去时的对比，加深对过去进行时的理解。
能够正确使用过去进行时及从属连词when和while连句、造句、补全语篇，并基于语法板块语篇的内容，准确描述过去某一时刻正在发生的动作。
能够了解龙卷风的相关知识以及应对措施，同时体会语篇中蕴含的“灾难无情人有情”的内涵。
n. 电力供应；能量；电量
power
He was in the elevator when the power went off.
他在电梯里时停电了。
Wind power is a very clean source of energy.
风能是一种非常清洁的能源来源。
The ship was helpless against the power of the storm.
那艘船只能任凭强大的暴风雨肆虐。
soundly
Cyril is very tired after a busy day and he sleeps soundly on the bed.
Cyril忙碌了一整天，非常疲惫，在床上睡得很沉。
Your information is soundly based.
你的信息是有根据的。
The team was soundly defeated.
该队一败涂地。
adv. (睡觉) 酣畅地；可靠地；完全彻底地
adj.
厚的；浓密的
thick
Ice is safe for fishing when it is thick enough for a person to walk on — 8 cm and more.
当冰层厚到足以让人行走时—8厘米及以上，在上面钓鱼就是安全的。
She ran her fingers through her thick brown hair.
她用手指拢了拢她那浓密的褐色头发。
v. 敲；打
n. 敲击；跳动
beat(beat, beaten)
Waves beat against the cliffs.
海浪拍打着悬崖。
Sid beat on the door with his hand.
Sid用手拍门。
She felt the beat of his heart.
她感觉到了他的心跳。
the steady beat of the drums
有节奏的敲鼓声
v. 躲藏；隐蔽
hide (hid, hidden)
Marcia hid the pictures in her desk drawer.
Marcia把照片藏在她书桌的抽屉里。
Quick, he’s coming! We’d better hide.
快﹐他来了！我们最好躲起来。
We’ll have to hide him from the soldiers.
我们得把他藏起来﹐不让士兵找到。
n. 龙卷风；旋风
tornado
A tornado can pull a huge tree right out of the ground.
龙卷风可以将一棵大树连根拔起。
Read the sentences. Underline the verbs which show an ongoing action in the past.
What were you doing while it was snowing heavily I was travelling on the train then.
What were your family doing when the typhoon hit My children and I were reading together.
When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner.
We were driving home when the strong winds started.
While we were driving home, the strong winds started.
It was raining hard while we were driving back.
4a
过去进行时的结构是什么？
过去进行时的功能和意义是什么？
过去进行时表达时间的状语有哪些形式？
在含有过去进行时的句子中，动词有什么特点？
while和when引导的时间状语从句中，主句和从句是否都可以用过去进行时？
Past continuous tense
构成
was/ were+动词-ing形式
功能及意义
1. 描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作
2. 描述过去某一时间段正在进行的动作
3. 也可以表示持续的状态
3. 多用在叙事类文本中，起到提供背景和渲染氛围的作用，
制造身临其境的效果
时间状语
表过去的时间状语：at that moment, at this time last week, at that time, all afternoon, last night, at 9 o’clock last night, while she was sleeping…
动词特点
多是延续性动词
when和while的区别
while引导的从句中，动词通常需要使用延续性动词；when引导的从句则没有这一限制，可以用延续性动词，也可以用非延续性动词。
主句和从句的时态
过去进行时既可以用在主句中，也可以用在从句中，还可以同时用在主句和从句中。
e.g. We were visiting our relatives when the strong winds started.
While they were waiting, the little girl started to cry.
I was doing some chores while my mother was
preparing lunch.
过去进行时在叙事类文本中很常见，因为它描述的动作具有持续性，能够为情节中的突发动作提供背景，烘托气氛。此时态还可以加强现场感和画面感，特别是在“was/ were doing+when从句”结构中，when引导的信息至于句末，意味着重要的信息在后面的从句中，且从句中的动作往往描述意想不到的瞬时动作，所以这种结构能起到强调的效果，或增添戏剧性，提升故事的紧张感和吸引力。
Past continuous tense & Past tense
一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态，单纯的表示动作完成的事实；而过去进行时则表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，强调动作进行的过程。
e.g. David wrote a letter to his friend last night.
大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。(信写完了。)
David was writing a letter to his friend last night.
大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。(信不一定写
完了。)
I was reading all day yesterday.
我昨天全天都在读书。
I read all day yesterday.
我昨天全天都读书了。
It was raining the whole evening.
（昨天）整夜都在下雨。
It rained the whole evening.
（昨天）整夜都下雨了。
Combine each pair of sentences using when or while.
4b
1. 判断哪个是延续性动词，适合用过去进行时；非延续性动词，通常用一般过去时。
2. 选择合适的连词，如果动词表示持续性动作，通常选用while; 对于非延续性动词，一般使用when。
1. I did my homework. The typhoon landed on
the coast.
2. The power went out. My father and I made
dinner.
3. Kate wrote a letter. Her brother called to
warn her of the storm.
4. My parents packed the supplies. I moved
our things off the floor.
5. I slept soundly. It rained cats and dogs.
倾盆大雨
1. I did my homework. The typhoon landed on the coast.
2. The power went out. My father and I made dinner.
I was doing my homework when the typhoon landed on the coast. / When the typhoon landed on the coast, I was doing my homework.
The power went out while my father and I were making dinner. / While my father and I were making dinner, the power went out.
3. Kate wrote a letter. Her brother called to warn her of
the storm.
4. My parents packed the supplies. I moved our things off
the floor.
Kate was writing a letter when her brother called to warn her of the storm. / When her brother called to warn her of the storm, Kate was writing a letter.
My parents were packing the supplies while I was moving our things off the floor. / While my parents were packing the supplies, I was moving our things off the floor.
5. I slept soundly. It rained cats and dogs.
I was sleeping soundly while it was raining cats and dogs./
While it was raining cats and dogs, I was sleeping soundly.
Complete the passage with was, were, when, or while.
When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain ______ beating against their roof.
"Quick, this way," said Dad.
The family ran to the safe room at once. ______ they were waiting, Jenny’s little sister started to cry. Dad gave her some chocolate and told her that they ______ hiding from an angry lion. Soon, she was laughing again.
was
While/ When
were
4c
At last, the storm passed. ______ they stepped outside, they found the sun shining. People were asking one another if they were safe while some ______ starting to clear the streets. Jenny smiled. The tornado was scary, but it also brought everyone closer together.
When
were
What disaster did Jenny’s family meet
Were they safe during the disaster How do you know Who played a key role in the process
What did Jenny’s father compare the tornado to Do you think a tornado is like an angry lion In what way they alike
What do you think Jenny’s father
Why does the writer say “The tornado was scary, but it also brought everyone closer together.”
Imagine that you are a reporter. Interview a member of Jenny’s family and find out what he or she was doing around the time of the tornado(龙卷风发生之前、之中、之后).
4d
Some reference questions:
Before the tornado
How was the weather before the tornado hit
Where were your family
During the tornado
What did you do when the tornado came near
Who acted most quickly in your family
Were you afraid of the tornado Was any member of your family afraid of it
How did your family members comfort each other
After the tornado
What was the weather like
What did the people in your neighbourhood say to each other
What did they do
How do you feel about your family and your neighbourhood
A: Excuse me, Miss. What were you doing when the tornado hit
B: My family and I were hiding in a safe room.
A: That’s good. What did you do while you were waiting there
B: Oh, while we were waiting, we tried to keep my little sister calm.
A: How did you do that
B: My dad gave her some chocolate. He told her we were hiding from an angry lion. That worked well.
A: What a kind father! What was it like after the storm
B: When we stepped outside, the sun was shining!
A: What were people doing then
B: Everyone was asking each other if they were OK. Some were starting to clean the streets.
A: Oh, great! The tornado was scary, but it also brought people together.
B: That’s right!
thick作形容词，除了有“厚的；浓密的”意思外，还有“浓的；黏稠的”的意思。在固定短语be thick with sb. / sth.中表示“拥满；挤满；充满；弥漫”。
1. When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in
the sky, and the rain was beating against their roof.
Jenny抬头望去，只见天空中乌云密布，雨水正拍打着他
们的屋顶。
beat作动词除了有“敲打”意思外，还有“赢；打败”，宾语通常是人或参赛队。表示此意的还有win，而win的宾语通常是比赛、比赛的名次或奖品等。
e.g. I finally beat her in that match.
我最终在那场比赛中打败了她。
Bob won the game at last.
Bob最终赢得了那场比赛。
【语境应用】Ⅰ. 完成句子
1) Would you like some clear soup or _____________(浓汤)
2) There is _____________ (一片茂密的森林) behind the
village.
3) The teacher came in with _____________(一本厚书) in her
hand.
Ⅱ. 翻译句子
现在海滩上挤满了游客。
___________________________________________
thick soup
a thick forest
a thick book
The beach is thick with visitors / tourists now.
III. 选出下列各题中划线部分的汉语意思。
A. (心脏)跳动 B. 敲打 C. 赢；打败
( )1. The boy is beating a drum.
( )2. The man’s heart is beating. He’s alive (活着).
( )3. I can easily beat her at tennis.
IV. 单项选择
Sam ________ the ping-pong match. He ________ all the other players.
A. won; beat B. beat; won
C. won; won D. beat; beat
B
A
C
A
做晚饭
（火或灯光）熄灭
倾盆大雨 / 瓢泼大雨
乌云密布
走出门外
拉近……的距离
make dinner
go out
rain cats and dogs
thick black clouds
step outside
bring…closer together
I can
结合例句识别when和while引导的时间状语从句，理解其表意功能；区分when和while的意义
理解过去进行时的表意功能，分析句子结构特征，并通过与一般过去时的对比，加深对过去进行时的理解
正确使用过去进行时及从属连词when和while连句、造句、补全语篇，并基于语法板块语篇的内容，准确描述过去某一时刻正在发生的动作
了解龙卷风的相关知识以及应对措施，体会语篇中蕴含的“灾难无情人有情”的内涵
Review Grammar Focus.
Preview Section B.
Read the new words.
Read How One Girl Saved Many Lives.
Imagine that there was a rainstorm last night. Write a short passage about what you and your family were doing around the time of the rainstorm.

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