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译林版·八年级英语下册期中复习
——Unit 1-4 综合 · 考点15：书面表达——介绍家乡变化或旅行经历
本考点综合Unit 1-4的核心时态（现在完成时、一般过去时、一般现在时）以及相关话题词汇（城市发展、交通、旅游景点、阅读等），训练学生写介绍性短文。这是期中考试作文的常见题型，占分较高（10-15分）。
一、写作话题分析
话题一：家乡的变化（My hometown has changed a lot）
要点：过去的情况（过去时/used to）→ 现在的变化（现在完成时/一般现在时）→ 感受或展望。
话题二：一次难忘的旅行（An unforgettable trip）
要点：何时何地（过去时）→ 所见所闻（过去时/现在完成时强调经历）→ 感受。
二、常用句型与短语
1. 描述变化类（家乡变化）
Great changes have taken place in my hometown. (家乡发生了巨大变化)
In the past, there was/were ... (过去有……)
People used to live in ... (过去人们住在……)
Now, there is/are ... (现在有……)
The streets used to be narrow, but now they are wide.
The government has taken action to improve ...
The living conditions have improved a lot.
I feel proud of my hometown.
2. 描述旅行类
I have been to ... (我去过……)
I went to ... last summer/year. (我去年夏天去了……)
It is famous for ... (因……著名)
We took a tour of ... (我们游览了……)
The scenery was fantastic. (景色极好)
I couldn't stop taking photos. (忍不住拍照)
I bought some souvenirs for my friends.
I had a fantastic time there.
I hope to visit ... again some day.
三、写作结构与步骤
开头（Introduction）：引出话题，概括整体变化或经历。
My hometown has changed a lot over the years.
Last summer, I went on a trip to Beijing with my parents.
正文（Body）：详细描述过去与现在的对比，或旅行中的见闻与活动。
In the past, the streets were narrow and dirty. There were few tall buildings. Now, the streets are wide and clean. Many new buildings have been built.
First, we visited the Great Wall. It was amazing. Then we went to the Forbidden City. The tour guide told us many stories.
结尾（Conclusion）：表达感受或展望未来。
I feel proud of my hometown. I believe it will become even better.
I really enjoyed the trip and I hope to go there again.
四、经典范文解析
范文一：家乡变化
My hometown has changed a lot over the years. In the past, the streets were narrow and dirty. There were only a few small shops. People used to live in old houses. Now, great changes have taken place. The streets are wide and clean. Many tall buildings have been built. The government has taken action to improve the living conditions. People’s lives have become much better. I feel very proud of my hometown. I hope it will become even more beautiful in the future.
解析：开头总起；中间用过去时和used to描述过去，用现在完成时和一般现在时描述现在；结尾表达感受。时态运用正确，词汇丰富。
范文二：难忘的旅行
I have been to many places, but my trip to Hangzhou last summer was the most unforgettable. I went there with my parents. We took a train to Hangzhou. The scenery there was fantastic. We visited the West Lake, which is famous for its beauty. I couldn't stop taking photos. We also tried some local food. It was delicious. I bought some souvenirs for my friends. I had a fantastic time there. I hope to visit Hangzhou again some day.
解析：开头用现在完成时引出经历；主体用一般过去时描述具体活动；结尾表达愿望。使用了be famous for, can't stop doing, have a fantastic time等短语。
五、分层写作练习（共40分，相当于篇幅15页）
A组 · 根据汉语完成句子（每题2分，共10分）
1. 我的家乡近年来发生了巨大变化。
Great changes ______ ______ ______ in my hometown over the years.
2. 过去，街道很窄，只有几家小商店。
In the past, the streets ______ narrow and there ______ only a few small shops.
3. 政府已经采取措施改善生活条件。
The government ______ ______ action to improve the living conditions.
4. 我去年夏天和父母一起去了北京。
I ______ to Beijing with my parents last summer.
5. 西湖因美丽的风景而闻名。
The West Lake is ______ ______ its beautiful scenery.
B组 · 连词成句（每题2分，共10分）
1. taken, have, place, changes, great, in, my, hometown
2. used, narrow, streets, be, to, the, dirty, and
3. has, government, action, the, taken, improve, to, conditions, living
4. went, I, trip, a, to, Shanghai, on, year, last
5. couldn't, I, taking, photos, stop, of, beautiful, the, scenery
C组 · 短文填空（每空1分，共10分）
My hometown is a small city in the south of China. It ______ (1) (change) a lot in the past ten years. In the past, the streets ______ (2) (be) narrow and there ______ (3) (be) not many tall buildings. People ______ (4) (use) to ride bikes or walk to work. Now, the streets are wide and clean. Many tall buildings ______ (5) (build). People can take the subway or buses to go to work. The government ______ (6) (take) action to protect the environment. The air is much fresher than before. I ______ (7) (live) here since I was born. I love my hometown and I ______ (8) (be) proud of it. I hope more people ______ (9) (come) to visit my hometown. They ______ (10) (have) a wonderful time here.
D组 · 段落写作（每题5分，共10分）
1. 用英语写一段话（5-6句），描述你家乡过去和现在的变化。要求使用一般过去时、现在完成时和used to结构。
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2. 用英语写一段话（5-6句），描述一次你难忘的旅行。要求使用一般过去时和现在完成时，并包含至少两个本单元所学的短语（如have a fantastic time, can't stop doing等）。
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E组 · 篇章写作（15分）
根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍你家乡的变化。
提示：1. 过去的情况（街道、房屋、交通等）；2. 现在的变化（建筑、环境、生活条件等）；3. 你的感受。
要求：时态正确，语句通顺，不少于70词。
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参考答案
A组：
1. have taken place 2. were; were 3. has taken 4. went 5. famous for
B组：
1. Great changes have taken place in my hometown.
2. The streets used to be narrow and dirty.
3. The government has taken action to improve living conditions.
4. I went on a trip to Shanghai last year.
5. I couldn't stop taking photos of the beautiful scenery.
C组：
1. has changed 2. were 3. were 4. used 5. have been built 6. has taken 7. have lived 8. am 9. will come 10. will have
D组（参考范文）：
1. My hometown has changed a lot. In the past, the streets used to be narrow and dirty. People lived in small old houses. Now, great changes have taken place. The streets are wide and clean. Many tall buildings have been built. I feel proud of my hometown.
2. Last summer, I went on a trip to Guilin. The scenery there was fantastic. I couldn't stop taking photos. I had a fantastic time there. I have been to many places, but Guilin is the most beautiful. I hope to visit it again some day.
E组（参考范文）：
My hometown has changed a lot over the years. In the past, the streets were narrow and dirty. There were only a few small shops. People used to live in old houses. Now, great changes have taken place. The streets are wide and clean. Many tall buildings have been built. The government has taken action to improve the living conditions. People's lives have become much better. I feel very proud of my hometown. I believe it will become even more beautiful in the future.
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