资源简介

Unit 4
The Wonders of Nature
Section A Grammar Focus
To master the regular and irregular forms of comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs, and understand their basic grammar features.
To understand how to use comparatives and superlatives in real communication, use them to describe people and things around them, and realize correct usage makes expressions richer by discussions and question-and-answer practice.
学习目标
1
2
What’s the highest moutain in the world?
Mount Qomolangma
How high is it ?
It’s about 8848.86 metres high.
Review
What’s the longest river in the world?
Nile River
How long is it ?
It’s about is about 6,650 kilometers long.
What’s the biggest desert in the world?
Sahara Desert
How big is it ?
It’s about 9000 squart kilometres in size.
What’s the lowest place on earth?
Dead Sea
How low is it ?
It’s about 416 metres below sea level.
What’s the deepest point in the ocean?
Mariana Trench
How deep is it ?
It’s about 11,000 metres high.
What’s the highest waterfall in the world?
Angel Falls
How high is it ?
It’s 979 metres high.
What’s the longest river in China?
Yangtze River
How long is it?
It’s 6300 kilometres long.
What’s the second longest river in China?
Yellow River
How long is it?
It’s 5464 kires long.
What’s the longest river in the world?
Nile River
How long is it?
It’s 6671 kilometres long.
What is the biggest desert in the world?
It is the Sahara Desert.
How big is it?
It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size.
Where is the deepest point in the ocean?
It is in the Mariana Trench.
How deep is it?
It is about 11,000 metres deep.
Some deep-sea animals are blind, but they can “see” as well as others.
Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world, and it is still growing taller.
The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long.
Read the sentences. Circle the adjectives which compare things. Underline the adverbs which compare actions.
形容词/副词
比较级/最高级
How can we use them correctly?
4a
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
形容词和副词通常有三种级别：
1. 原级(Positive Degree): 形容词 / 副词本身的原形，不做任何比较，
只描述人 / 事物原本的特征、状态。
2. 比较级(Comparative Degree)：在两者之间进行比较，表示“更……”。3. 最高级(Superlative Degree)：在三者或三者以上中比较, “最……”。
Read and Learn
The Yangtze River
长江
6300 km
The Yellow River
黄河
5464 km
The Zhujiang River
珠江
2320 km
The Yellow River is longer than the Zhujiang River.
The Yangtze River is longer than the Yellow River.
The Yangtze River is the longest of all.
比较级与最高级的区别：
比较级：_____者比较。
最高级：_____者或_____
者以上比较。
两
三
三
比较级和最高级的构成
规则变化
2. 以不发音的e结尾加-r，-st。
big— _______ — _______
1. 一般在词尾直接加-er，-est。
high— ______ — ______ great— ______ — _______
nice— ______ — ______ huge— ______ — ______
higher
highest
greater
greatest
nicer
nicest
huger
hugest
3. “一辅重闭” 作尾巴，双写尾字母，再加-er，-est。
bigger
biggest
4. 以辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i再加-er，-est。
heavy— ________ — ________
heavier
heaviest
5. 双多音节字太长, 前加 more或 most比其它强。
beautiful— ______________ — ______________
more beautiful
most beautiful
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}原级
比较级
最高级
good / well
many / much
bad / badly
little (少)
old
far
不规则变化
better
best
more
most
worse
worst
less
least
older/elder
oldest/eldest
farther/further
farthest/furthest
1. thin __________ _________ 2. fast __________ __________
3. low __________ __________ 4. deep __________ __________
5. easy __________ __________ 6. late __________ __________
7. happy __________ _______ 8. hot __________ __________
9. little __________ __________ 10. well __________ __________
11. far _______________ ________________
12. amazing _______________ ________________
13. wonderful ______________ ________________
lower
lowest
deeper
deepest
easier
easiest
farther/further
farthest/furthest
happier
happiest
hotter
hottest
later
latest
more amazing
most amazing
more wonderful
most wonderful
better
best
less
least
thinner
thinnest
faster
fastest
Look and Practice
比较级的用法
1. 形容词或副词的比较级+than
The Nile River is longer than the Yangtze River. 尼罗河比长江长。
2. the + 比较级 + of the two (+ 名词复数) 表示“两者中较……的那个”。
This is the longer of the two rivers. 这是两条河流中更长的那条。
The taller of the two students is my best friend. 这两个学生中更高的那个是我最好的朋友。
3. Which/Who... + 比较级, A or B? 表示“ A和B哪个/谁更……？”
Which is easier, Chinese or math? 北京和上海，哪个城市更大？
Look and Learn
6. A + be + 倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than + B 表示“A是B的……倍……”。
This river is twice longer than that small river. 这条河比那条小河长两倍。
The elephant is four times heavier than the horse. 大象比马重四倍。
4. “比较级+and+比较级(单音节词和部分双音节词)”或“more and more+原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)”, 表示“越来越……”。
She becomes more and more beautiful. 她越来越漂亮。
It is getting colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷。
5. “the +比较级...，the+比较级..”, 表示“越……,就越……”。
The harder you study, the better you will be. 你学习越努力，就会越优秀。
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. This movie is ____________ (exciting) than that one.
2. It is getting ________ and ________ (warm) as spring comes.
3. The ____________ (careful) you are, the ________ (few) mistakes
you will make.
4. This building is three times ________ (tall) than the old one.
5. The ________ (short) of the two pencils is for you.
more exciting
warmer
warmer
more careful
fewer
taller
shorter
Look and Practice
最高级的用法
1. (the+)最高级(+名词)+in/of 短语，意为“……中最……的”。
This is the most beautiful park in the city. 这是城市里最美的公园。
He runs (the) fastest in his class. 他是班里跑得最快的。
2. the +序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of 短语, 意为“在…中是第几……的……”
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。
3. “Which/Who...(the+)最高级，A, B or C?” 意为“哪个/谁是最......,A,B还是C？”。
Which is the most interesting, Chinese, math or English? 语文、数学和英语哪个最有趣？
Look and Learn
4. one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of 短语，意为“……中最…的……之一”。
This is one of the most interesting books in the library. 这是图书馆里最有趣的书之一。
Lily is one of the most careful girls of the three. Lily是这三个女孩中最细心的一个。
【注意】
(1)最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，其前不加the。
The Yangtze River is China’s longest river.
(2)当most表示“非常”时，其前不加the。
It is a most useful book.
(3) “比较级+than any other+可数名词单数” = “比较级+than the other+可数名词复数”表示“比其他任何……都……”, 表示最高级含义， 可与表示最高级的句子进行转换。
He is the tallest one in my class.
=He is taller than any other member in my class.
=My father is taller than the other members in my class.
(4)可用于修饰形容词和副词比较级程度的副词（短语）有: much, a little, even, a lot, a bit, far等。
She runs much faster than her brother. 她比她弟弟跑得快得多。
句型转换。
1. He is the tallest boy in his class.（改为同义句）
He is ________ than ________ ________ boy in his class.
2. This is one of the most popular songs.（改为一般疑问句）
________ this one of ________ ________ popular songs?
3. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.（改为最高级）
The Yangtze River is ________ ________ river in China.
4. Which is the best, red, blue or green?（回答：Green is the best.）
________ is the best ________ the three.
5. He runs faster than the other members.（改为同义句）
He runs ________ than ________ ________ member.
taller
any
other
Is
the
most
the
longest
Green
of
faster
any
other
Look and Practice
较大数字的表达与读法
1.数字从后往前数，每三位标一个逗号。
2.从后往前，第一个逗号处读thousand(千)，第二个逗号处读million(百万)，第三
个逗号处读billion(十亿)。
3.读的时候通常在hundred后加and，如果百位数为0，则在thousand后加and。
4. 英语中,“几百、几千、几百万、几十亿”都不加“s”; 并且没有直接表示“万”和“亿”的单位词，而要用thousand 和million来表达，如“一万”用“ten thousand”、“一亿”用“one hundred million”。
Look and Learn
3,528 → ______________________________________________
656,218,530 → ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
90,767,049 → ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
eighty-eight thousand, five hundred and sixty-six→ _________________
ten million, three hundred and ninety-seven thousand→ _____________
three thousand five hundred and twenty-eight
six hundred and fifty-six million, two hundred and
eighteen thousand, five hundred and thirty
ninety million, seven hundred and sixty-seven thousand, and forty-nine
88,566
10,397,000
Look and Practice
Write or spell out the numbers.
1.Mount Kilimanjaro is __________ (five thousand, eight hundred and ninety-five) metres high.
2. _________ (twenty-five thousand, seven hundred and sixty-eight) cubic metres of water pours down Inga Falls each second.
3.The East African Rift Valley is about 4,000 (_____________) miles long.
4.The Taklimakan Desert has a total area of about 337,000 (____________________________________) square kilometres.
5,895
/ma?nt ?k?l?m?n?d?ɑ?r??/
乞力马扎罗山
25,768
/???ɡ? f??lz/ 印加瀑布
东非大裂谷
four thousand
/?t?kl??mɑ?k?n/ 塔克拉玛干沙漠
three hundred and thirty-seven thousand
Read and Write
4b
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. One word is used more than once.
large 　amazing　 far　 close 　loud
My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa
last year. Visiting one of the world’s ________
waterfalls was a magical experience. As we went
________ to the falls, the noise of the water
slowly grew ________ and louder. Then, right before our eyes, the waterfall appeared. It went on for as ________ as the eye could see. Later, we sat in a special pool at the top of the falls. There, we felt the water rush past us and become a part of the waterfall. It was the scariest but also the ____________ experience of our trip!
Tip: 首先，把握文章整体语境。然后，关注空格前后词语搭配、语法结构，从方框中选择符合句意的单词并换成正确形式。最后，通读全文，检查语义、语法是否正确。
largest
closer
louder
far
most amazing
4c
Now it’s your turn to ask questions. Can you design some interesting questions to compare different natural wonders with your partner?
Write some questions to compare places. Then ask a partner your questions.
?What is the highest/deepest/largest...?
?Which park is bigger, ... or ...?
?Is ... longer/bigger/higher/lower... than ...?
You can use these to search for useful information:
...
4d
Homework
? 总结梳理形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的语法知识并绘制思维导图。
? 制作一张“世界之最”英文小卡片，选一处自然景观，用数据、比较级、最高级等描述其特征。

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