资源简介

Unit 5　Poems
Grammar
[语法初识]
原句感知 自主探究
①I thought this vast wave of food was the total number of dishes to be served. ②Everyone else just tasted a bit of each dish and then put their chopsticks down, continuing to chat. ③I still remember what I ate: a tuna fish and cheese sandwich. ④Do you know the girl singing over there ⑤He is always the first person to leave the office. ⑥One evening he was entertaining the ruler of a small island in the Pacific. ⑦However, there are other kinds of foods that have taken longer for me to accept. ⑧But one thing I do admire is the polite manner in which British people eat, even if it is just a potato. ⑨As we all know, Putin was elected President of Russia a third time. ⑩The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. (1)句①～⑥中黑体部分在句中均作定语。句①③中黑体部分在句中均作前置定语。句②、④、⑤、⑥中黑体部分在句中均作后置定语。 (2)句⑦～⑩中，黑体部分均为定语从句；其中句⑨⑩的黑体部分为非限制性定语从句。
[语法剖析]
语法点一 定　语
1.定义
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的词。可用作定语的词有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、从句以及非谓语动词等。
(1)名词作定语修饰另一名词时，一般用单数形式；man和woman作定语时，可以用单数和复数两种形式，但必须随所修饰的名词的数而定。
He broke a coffee cup.
他打碎了一个咖啡杯。
He said that two women teachers would come to our village next week.
他说两个女老师下周要来我们村。
(2)用作定语的代词为形容词性物主代词、of所有格和不定代词所有格。
Her proposal is worth considering.
她的建议值得考虑。
My business is none of your business.
我的事与你无关。
(3)基数词和序数词都可用作定语。
We belong to the Third World.
我们属于第三世界。
2. 位置
定语的位置有两种：前置定语和后置定语。
(1)形容词作定语时要置于其修饰的名词前，但表语形容词作后置定语；形容词修饰不定代词时也要后置。
All the people present were for the plan.
在场的所有人都同意这项计划。
There is something wrong with my watch.
我的手表出毛病了。
(2)有些时间和地点副词(如：above, here, there等)作后置定语。
Put the book on the shelf above.
把这本书放在上面的架子上。
(3)介词短语、非谓语动词和从句通常作后置定语。
That is the teaching plan for you to discuss.
那就是供你们讨论的那份教学计划。
There is nothing that worries him.
没有什么事使他烦恼。
3. 多个作定语的形容词的顺序
当多个形容词作定语时，其大概位置关系如下：
大小(形状、年龄)＋颜色＋来源＋材料＋用途＋被修饰的词
a pair of black Spanish leather boots
一双黑色的西班牙皮靴
some beautiful little red flowers
一些美丽的小红花
the first beautiful little white Chinese wooden bridge
第一座美丽的中国小白木桥
语法点二 定语从句
分类 限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句
关系代词 which, that (不引导非限制性定语从句), who, whom, whose, as
关系副词 when, where, why (不引导非限定性定语从句)
定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。
1. 定语从句中关系词的用法
He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天看见的那个人。
Please pass me the book whose cover is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
The package which/that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的包裹快散了。
Can you still remember that evening when we met for the first time
你还记得我们第一次见面的那个晚上吗？
Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived
你能带我看看莎士比亚曾住过的那座房子吗？
I don’t know the reason why he didn’t tell it to his father.
我不明白为什么他没有把这件事告诉他父亲。
[名师点津]　(1)表示“方式”的名词way后的定语从句中如果关系词在从句中作方式状语，关系词用that或in which，也可省略关系词。
I don’t like the way (that/in which) he talks to me.
我不喜欢他和我说话的方式。
(2)as引导限制性定语从句，指代人或物，在从句中作宾语或主语，通常用于下列结构：the same ... as意为“同······一样的”，such ... as意为“像······这/那样的”；引导非限制性定语从句，指代整句话，常译为“正如······”；从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。
We do the same work as they (do).
我们和他们干同样的活。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。
2. “介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句
(1)关系代词作介词的宾语，当介词置于定语从句句首时，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)。
The pencil with which he was writing suddenly broke.
他正在用来写字的铅笔突然断了。
Look at the photo. This is Mr Green, in front of whom sit three students.
看这张照片。这是格林先生，在他的前面坐着三个学生。
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club
你还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
(2)“不定代词或数词＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句可转化为“of＋which/whom＋不定代词或数词”引导的定语从句。其中不定代词为：some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, most, part等。
There are 40 students in our class, most of whom(＝of whom most) like English.
我们班有40名学生，他们中的大多数喜欢英语。
(3)“whose＋名词”引导定语从句时，可转化为“the＋名词＋of＋which/whom”或“of＋which/whom＋the＋名词”。介词of表示所有关系。
I live in a room whose windows are all broken.
＝ I live in a room the windows of which (＝ of which the windows) are all broken.
我住在一个窗户都坏了的房间里。
(4)“某些介词＋关系副词”也可引导定语从句。
He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.
他1988年毕业于北京大学。从那时起他在各方面都提高了。Unit 5　Poems
Reading and Thinking
话题阅读
你一定知道诗歌是一种重要的文学形式，那你知道诗歌有哪些基本特征吗？它又有哪些类型呢？
Poetry is one of the important art forms of literature, and is an easy way to express our feelings. Moreover, everyone understands it in their own way. Some find relief① in poems; some read poems simply for peace; some read poems for simple artistic② pleasure.
There are some special features of poetry, which make it quite different from other forms of literature. First of all, poems have rhythmic patterns. Generally, most parts of a poem follow the same form of rhythm. Poems may have rhyme, but they don't have to. The lines are neatly③ arranged together so that they express a particular feeling or emotion.
There can be various types of poems but according to the pattern or the form, there are mainly three types：
Lyrics (抒情诗): Lyrics mainly concentrate on human thoughts and emotions rather than a story. Lyrics always bear song-like appeal④. They are mainly short poems. Popular lyric poem forms are the elegy (挽诗), the ode (颂诗) and the sonnet
(十四行诗). William Shakespeare, Edmund Waller and Keats are some of the greatest lyric writers of all times.
Narrative poems (叙事诗): This type of poetry tells a story. Narrative poems are usually long poems. Epics (史诗) and ballads (叙事诗歌) fall under this type. Some of the greatest epic poets are John Milton, Dante, Edgar Allan Poe, Alexander Pope, William Shakespeare, etc.
Dramatic poems (戏剧诗): Any drama that is written in verse is a dramatic poem. These poems generally tell a story. Blank verse (无韵诗), dramatic monologue (独白) and closet drama belong to this type. William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Jonson are some of the greatest dramatic poets.
Whatever the form is, one thing, which cannot be denied, is that poetry is one of the most powerful tools to express our feelings.
【注释】
①relief n． 宽慰；解脱
②artistic adj. 艺术的
③neatly adv. 有序地；整洁地；灵巧地
④appeal n. 感染力
自学探究
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．________ n. 戏；剧；戏剧艺术
2．________ n. 形象的描述；意象；像
3．________ adj. 文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的
4．________ adj. 民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的
5．________ n. 钻石；金刚石；菱形
6．________ n. 蜜蜂
7．________ n. 黎明；开端；萌芽
8．________ n. 蝴蝶
9．________ n. 草坪，草地
10．________ n. 业余爱好者adj. 业余的；业余爱好的
11．________ n. 情绪；心情；语气
12．________ vi. & vt. 取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄
13．________ n. 音节
14．________ n. 格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式vt. 格式化
15．________ adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的
16．________ vt. 等候；期待；将发生在
17．________ vi. 旋转；环绕；转动
18．________ vt. 出声；说；讲adj. 完全的；十足的；彻底的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤→________ adj.悲伤的
2．______ n．押韵词；押韵的短诗 vi. & vt.(使)押韵→______ n．节奏；韵律；规律
3．________ vt.背诵；吟诵；列举→________ n．背诵
4．________ adv.分别；各自；依次为→________ adj.分别的；各自的
5．________ n．理解力；领悟力；理解练习→________ v．理解；领悟；懂
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
1．brass n. ____________
2．bull n. ____________
3．dewdrop n. ____________
4．clover n. ____________
5．cinquain n. ____________
6．haiku n. ____________
7．blossom n. ____________
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．____________ 中肯的；切题的
2．____________ 讲得通；有意义
3．____________ 由……组成(构成)
4．____________ 受欢迎
5．____________ 把……翻译成……
6．____________ 从……中选择
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but ________________________.
这些诗歌可能没有什么意义，甚至似乎自相矛盾，但它们容易学习和背诵。
2．____________________________， you may eventually want to write poems of you own.
有这么多不同的诗歌类型可供选择，你最终也许想要写自己的诗了。
Ⅵ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．Why do poets use different forms while composing poetry
A．Because they want to express themselves.
B．Because they want to catch more people's attention.
C．Because they want to describe things in more detail.
D．Because they want people to learn from poetry.
2．What do we know about nursery poems
A．None of these poems make sense.
B．These poems have a weak rhythm.
C．They often repeat certain words.
D．They must be repeated by children.
3．What is the cinquain according to the passage
A．A form of poem with a pattern and a rhythm.
B．A form of poem made up of five lines.
C．A form of poem kids like to read.
D．A form of poem with 17 syllables.
4．What do we know about haiku
A．It is a traditional form of English poetry.
B．It is made up of five lines.
C．It gives a vague picture of things.
D．It is not hard to write.
5．What does the last part of the passage tell readers to do
A．To read more poems.
B．To appreciate English poems.
C．To write their own poems.
D．To translate poems into other languages.
互动探究
词汇
1.describe vt.描述，形容；描绘
The police asked me to describe exactly how it happened.
警察让我准确地描述这件事是怎么发生的。
The couple are spending their holiday on what is described as the most beautiful islands in the world. 这对夫妇正在被称为世界上最美丽的岛屿上度假。
He gave us a brief description of the accident.他向我们简单地描述了那次事故的经过。
The grand sight of Mount Huangshan is beyond description.黄山的壮丽美景难以形容。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Children were asked to look at the painting and give a ________(describe) what they saw.
②Use ________(describe) phrases and lots of colors in presentations to attract the audience's attention.
③Florence in Italy, whose beauty is ________ description, is the city that I have been dreaming of visiting.
④The area has some of the world's greatest walks (人行道 ) including the world famous Milford Track, described ________ the finest walk in the world in the early twentieth century.
归纳拓展：
类似于beyond description的短语还有：
beyond expression难以表达
beyond doubt无可置疑
beyond belief难以置信
beyond imagination超出想象
beyond reach够不着
beyond control无法控制
2.arrangement n.[C]安排，筹备。通常用复数形式。n.[C]布置，安排方式。常用复数形式。
(1)make arrangements (for...) (为……)做安排
(2)arrange v. 安排，筹备；整理，布置
arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事
arrange for sth. 安排/筹备某物
arrange (for sb./sth.) to do sth. 安排(某人/某物)做某事
They are making arrangements for the party.他们在为派对做准备。
The arrangements of the furniture in our new house took a long time.
我们新房里的家具布置花了很长时间。
Most museums welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
大多数博物馆欢迎学校团体，并为孩子们安排特殊的活动。
The manager arranged for his secretary to meet the guests at the airport.
经理安排他的秘书去机场接客人。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My schedule is quite flexible (灵活的), so I can arrange ________ (meet) you any day next week. When you're free, just call me.
②That accident totally upset our ________ (arrange) and caused a lot of problems.
③The books ________ (arrange) according to time by the author.
④She took the list of visitors' names and ________ (arrange) them into groups of four.
⑤The manager will arrange ________ you to visit the big company next week.
特别提示：
安排某人去做某事arrange for sb. to do sth.千万别忘了“介词for”。
3.make sense (1)易于理解，表述清楚；讲得通，有道理；(2)是明智的，合乎情理
(1)It makes sense to do sth. 做某事是明智的。
(2)make sense of 理解，弄懂
That sentence doesn't make sense.那个句子说不通。
He doesn't talk much, but what he says makes sense.他话不多，但言之有理。
It makes good sense to save money for a rainy day.
存一些钱以备不时之需是很明智的。
Can you make any sense of this article？你能看懂这篇文章吗？
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't make sense ________ (buy) the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
②There is no sense ________ getting upset about it now. Look ahead and everything will be all right.
③His words puzzled me so much that I had a hard time trying to make sense ________ what he really meant.
辨析比较：make sense与make sense of
易混词组 区别 例句
make sense 不及物动词短语，主语通常是物，无被动语态，意为“有道理，讲得通” No matter how he reads it, this sentence doesn't make any sense to him. 无论怎么读，他都不理解这句。
make sense of 及物动词短语，主语通常是人，可用于被动语态，意为“理解，弄懂(不易理解的事物)”，常用于make sense of sth.结构 No matter how he reads it, he can't make sense of the sentence. 无论怎么读，他都无法理解这句。
4.be made up of由……构成/组成
(1)be made up of＝be composed of＝consist in
(2)make up 组成，构成；编造；化妆
The committee is made up of representatives from every province.
该委员会由来自每个省的代表组成。
Three doctors and seven nurses make up the medical team now.
＝The medical team is made up of three doctors and seven nurses now.
这支医疗队现在由三名医生和七名护士组成。
The medical team made up of three doctors and seven nurses was sent to the earthquake-stricken area.
＝The medical team consisting of three doctors and seven nurses was sent to the earthquake-stricken area.
由三名医生和七名护士组成的医疗队被派去了地震灾区。
[即学即练]　单句写作
(1)这部小说共分12章(chapter)。
①____________________________________________________________________
②_________________________________________________________________
(2)由30个女孩组成的这个组合在这里很受欢迎。
①__________________________________________________.(be made up of)
②________________________________________________.(consist of)
归纳拓展：
make out辨认清楚；理解，明白
make the most of充分利用
make it获利成功；渡过难关
make (full/good) use of(充分/好好)利用
make up for弥补，补偿
make up one's mind下定决心
make sense有意义，讲得通
make room for为……腾地方
5.mood n．心情，情绪
(1)in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好
(2)in the/no mood for (doing) sth./to do sth. 有/没有心情做某事
He's always optimistic and looks in a good mood.他总是很乐观，看起来心情很好。
We really feel in the mood for a party tonight.我们今晚真的想开场派对。
He was in no mood for being polite to visitors.他当时没心情以礼待客。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①安德鲁和他的朋友为了一些小事大吵了一架。这就是他一整天都心情不好的原因。
Andrew and his friend had a bitter quarrel about some minor matters. That's why he was ________________ the whole day.
②他想去树林里走一走。
He was ________________ a walk in the woods.
联想拓展：
moody adj.喜怒无常的；脾气坏的
6.tease vi. & vt.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄
tease sb. about sth.　嘲笑某人某事
Don't get upset. I was only teasing.别生气，我只是在逗你玩。
You should not tease your little sister.你不应该取笑你的妹妹。
He's always teasing me about loving Christmas.他总是耻笑我对圣诞节的热爱。
Don't you kids tease him about this.你们这些孩子不能因为这个取笑他。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I used to get ________ (tease) about my name.
②Don't take what he said seriously; he was ________ (tease)．
③The boys got a rise out of Joe by ________ (tease) him.
④I felt annoyed at ________ (tease)．
联想拓展：
laugh at嘲笑
play jokes/a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑
play tricks/a trick on sb.捉弄某人
7.transform vt.使转化；使改观；使变形
(1)transform sb./sth. (from...) into... 把某人/某物(从……)改变成……
(2)transformation n. 变化，转变；改革
(3)transformer n. 变压器
She used to be terribly shy, but a year abroad has completely transformed her.
她过去十分腼腆，但在国外待了一年以后完全变了。
Thanks to the science and technology, the area was finally transformed from a desert into an oasis.
多亏了科技，这个地区终于从沙漠变成了绿洲。
It is a great invention that a steam-engine transforms heat into power.
把热能转化成动能的蒸汽机是一个伟大的发明。
Hard work can transform failure into success.
努力可以把失败转化为成功。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Ten years later, Lily was transformed ________ a common-looking girl ________ a pretty young lady.
②It is high time that the old educational systems ________ (transform)．
③After experiencing so many things, my friend has already ________ (transform) from a person afraid of anything into a person with great determination.
特别提示：
前缀trans-有两种含义。一种表示“进入(另一地方)，成为(另一状态)”，如：transfer (转移，搬迁)；transport (运输，运送)；transform (使改观); translate (翻译); transplant (移植)。另一种表示“横穿，通过，超越”，如：transnational (跨国的)；transcontinental (横贯大陆的)；transatlantic (横渡大西洋的)
句型
1．(教材P50)The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite.
这些诗歌可能讲不通，甚至看起来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。
“主语＋be＋adj. (＋for sb.)＋不定式”句型
(1)用于该句型的形容词多为表示主语的性质、特征的词。常见的此类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, important, impossible, interesting, pleasant, nice, comfortable, dangerous, heavy等。
(2)构成不定式的动词和句子的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系，但不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。若构成不定式的动词为不及物动词，其后要加上相应的介词。
(3)不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语，并用for引出。
Good novels are interesting to read. 好的小说读起来有意思。
The chair is comfortable to sit on. 这把椅子坐上去很舒服。(on不能省略)
This question is hard for me to answer. 这个问题对我来说难以回答。
归纳拓展
make sense讲得通；有意义；合乎情理
make sense of弄懂……的意思
如：①This sentence just doesn't make sense， no matter how you read it.
无论你怎样读这个句子，它还是讲不通。
②Only after I read the poem a second time did I make sense of it.
我把这首诗又读了一遍之后才理解了它的含义。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative explanations are hard ________ (find)．
②Credibility is hard ________ (earn) but easy ________ (lose), and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
③It was only after he had read the papers that Mr Gross realized that the task was extremely difficult ________ (finish)．
2．(教材P51)With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poems of you own.
有这么多不同的诗歌类型可供选择，你最终也许想要写自己的诗了。
本句中“with＋名词＋动词不定式”复合结构做原因状语，在此结构中，不定式“to choose from”做宾补。
with＋宾语＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语
with复合结构在句中通常做状语，表示伴随、方式、原因或条件等。
She had to walk home with her bike stolen.她的自行车被偷了，她只好走回家。(过去分词作宾语补足语表被动和完成)
With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the manager felt worried all the time.由于有很多困难的问题要解决，经理一直忧心忡忡。(不定式作宾语补足语表示将要发生的动作)
The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them.这对老夫妇晚饭后经常带着他们的宠物狗在公园里散步。(现在分词作宾语补足语表主动和进行)
With his bike being repaired, Tom had to go to school on foot.由于自行车正在被修理，汤姆只好步行去上学。(现在分词的被动式作宾语补足语表示被动和进行)
He used to sleep with all the windows open.
他过去常常开着窗户睡觉。
Her mother sat in an armchair with her head down.
她母亲坐在椅子上，头低着。
He sat near the fire with his back to the door.
他坐在炉子旁，背朝着房门。
名师点津
with的复合结构作状语可以转化为独立主格结构。
如：The boy had to walk home with no bus to ride on.
→No bus to ride on， the boy had to walk home.
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①China's image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ (recognize) its role in International affairs.
②Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers ________ (leave)．
③More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many ________ (seek) employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions.
④________ the production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
随堂测试
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Life includes happiness and ________ (悲伤), failure and success.
2．A boy was standing beside the window, ________ (背诵) a long text.
3．At ________ (黎明), they came back from work, tired but happy.
4．When my father is in a good ________ (心情), I will tell him my plan.
5．Although the coral looks hard, it is very ________ (脆弱的)．
6．He was so angry that he said that it was ________ (完全的) nonsense.
7．The boy was so naughty that he often ________ (取笑) the disabled.
8．What interests me most is ________ (文学的) books, especially those by famous writers.
9．To attract more people to the competition, the tournament is open to ________ (业余爱好者) as well as professionals.
10．They are each recognized specialists in their ________ (各自的) fields.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It is well known to everyone that water may transform a desert ________ an oasis (绿洲)．
2．Some nursery rhymes are easy ________ (recite) and they are popular with children.
3．With so many types of bicycles ________ (choose) from, I was really at a loss as to which one to buy.
4．It's very important to have such a friend who will cheer you up when you're ________ a bad mood.
5．Thank you for your advice, which is practical and very much ________ the point.
6．There is no sense ________ (get) upset about it now.
7．Girls make ________ 56% of the whole class.
8．I well remembered ________ (tease) about my red hair when I was at primary school.
9．________ (arrange) for the trip have now been completed.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
The reasons why people write poetry are different and poets use many different forms of poetry to express 1.______ (them)．
Some of the first poems 2.______ young child learns in English are nursery rhymes, which are usually the 3.______ (tradition) poems or folk songs. They have a strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. Despite the fact that some of them may not make sense 4.______ even seem contradictory, they are easy to learn and recite. Some simple poems are list poems. They have a flexible line length and repeated 5.______ (phrase) which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Another simple form of poem is the cinquain, 6.______ is made up of five lines. This kind of poem can convey a strong picture in just a few words. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists 7.______ 17 syllables and 8.______ (be) very popular with English writers. It is easy to write. English speakers like Tang poetry in particular. A lot of Tang poetry 9.______ (translate) into English already. With so many different forms of poetry 10.______ (choose) from, why not have a try and write poems of your own
【参考答案】
自学探究
Ⅰ. 1．drama　2.imagery　3.literary　4.folk　5.diamond　6.bee　7.dawn　8.butterfly　9.lawn　10.amateur　11.mood　12.tease　13.syllable　14.format　15.delicate　16.await　17.revolve　18.utter
Ⅱ.1．sorrow　sorrowful　2.rhyme　rhythm　3.recite　recitation　4.respectively　respective　5.comprehension　comprehend
Ⅲ.1．黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器　2.公牛　3.露珠；水珠　4.三叶草　5.五行诗　6.俳句　7.花朵；花簇
Ⅳ.1．to the point　2.make sense　3.be made up of/consist of　4.be popular with　5.translate...into...　6.choose from
Ⅴ.1．they are easy to learn and recite　2．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from
Ⅵ.1．A　2.C　3.B　4.D　5.C
互动探究
词汇
1．①description　②descriptive　③beyond　④as
2．①to meet　②arrangements　③are arranged　④arranged　⑤for
3．①to buy　②in　③of
4．(1)①The novel is made up of/consists of twelve chapters. 　②Twelve chapters make up the novel.
(2)①The group made up of thirty girls is very popular here　②The group consisting of thirty girls is very popular here
5．①in a bad mood　②in the mood for
6．①teased　②teasing　③teasing　④being teased
7．①from　into　②was transformed/should be transformed　③been transformed
句型
1．①to find　②to earn　to lose　③to finish
2．①recognizing　②left　③seeking　④With
随堂测试
Ⅰ. 1．sorrow　2.reciting　3.dawn　4.mood　5.delicate　6.utter　7.teased　8.literary　9.amateurs　10.respective
Ⅱ. 1．into　2.to recite　3.to choose　4.in　5.to　6.getting　7.up　8.being teased　9.Arrangements
Ⅲ. 1．themselves　2.a　3.traditional　4.and　5.phrases　6.which　7.of　8.is　9.has been translated　10.to chooseUnit 5　Poems
Using Language
课文理解
阅读教材P56中的材料，选出最佳选项
1．What is the writer doing according the poem “WIND ON THE HILL”？
A．He is feeling the wind.
B．He is searching for somebody.
C．He is flying the kite.
D．He is looking for his kite.
2．According to Poem “DREAM”，which is the result of not holding fast to dreams
A．Life will be bird with no wings.
B．Life will be a fertile field.
C．Life will be frozen.
D．Life will be snow.
Words and Phrases
　blank adj. 空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的　n. 空白；空格
[教材原句P52] Blank verse is probably one of the most common and influential forms of English poetry.
空白诗可能是英国诗歌中最常见、最有影响的形式之一。
[例1]　Put a word in each blank to complete the sentence.
每个空格填入一个单词，把句子补充完整。
[例2]　He tore a blank page from his notebook.
他从他的笔记本上撕下一页空白纸。
[造句] 我在她的桌子里找到一支铅笔和几张白纸。
___________________________________________________
[知识拓展]
go blank (屏幕等)出现空白；脑子突然一片空白
blankly adv. 呆呆地，木然地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①When they found us guilty，I just ____(go) blank.
②Speechless，she stared _______(blank) at her mother.
correspondence n. 来往信件；通信联系
[教材原句P53] Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.
布朗宁爱上了她的诗歌，然后他们就开始了私人通信。
[例1] The editor welcomes correspondence from readers on any subject.
编辑欢迎读者有关任何问题的来信。
[例2] I've got through a lot of correspondence today.
今天我处理了一大批信件。
[造句] 我们保持了很多年的通信联系。
___________________________________________
[知识拓展]
(1)hold/keep up correspondence with sb. 与某人保持通信联系
in correspondence with 和……一致；与……有通信联系
(2)correspond with 和……通信；与……相一致；相符合
correspond to 相符合；匹配，相当
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Your account of the event corresponds ____ hers.
②They have been __ correspondence with each other for many years.
③The U．S. State Department corresponds largely __ the British Foreign Office.
polish vt. 修改；润色；抛光 n．上光剂；抛光；擦亮
[教材原句P54] What does Nora mean by saying that she needs time to polish her writing
诺拉说她需要时间来润色她的作品是什么意思？
[例1] I give it a polish now and again. 我不时把它擦亮。
[例2] He polished his glasses with a handkerchief.
他用手绢揩拭眼镜。
[造句] 这项声明是经仔细润色检查后才发表的。
________________________________________________________________
[知识拓展]
polish off 很快做完；迅速吃光
polish up 擦亮；磨光；改善；润色
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I'm going to New York，so I must polish __ my English.
②It won't take the kids long to polish the cake ___．
　 wherever引导让步状语从句
[教材原句P56]Wherever it blew，I should know...
无论它吹到哪里……
句式分析：wherever“无论在哪里”，引导让步状语从句。相当于no matter where。
[例1]　Wherever she goes，there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
她所到之处都有成群的人等着见她。
[例2]　Wherever he is，he will be thinking of you.
无论他在哪里，他都会想念你。
[造句] 无论到哪儿他都能随即适应新环境。
_________________________________________________________
[知识拓展]
(1)wherever，whenever，however，whoever，whichever，whatever 等引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter＋疑问词”。
(2)whoever，whichever，whatever 等也可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone that 或anything that，但是“no matter＋疑问词”不能引导名词性从句。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①_______ last leaves the room，he should make sure that the windows are closed.
②Tell _______ you like—it makes no difference to me.
【参考答案】
课文理解　1—2　CA
Words and Phrases
[造句] I found a pencil and some blank paper in her desk. [即学即练] ①went ②blankly
[造句] We kept up a correspondence for many years. [即学即练] ①with ②in ③to
[造句] The statement was carefully polished and checked before release. [即学即练] ①up ②off
[造句] Wherever he goes，he readily adapts to new circumstances. [即学即练] ①Whoever ②whoeverUnit 5　Poems
Writing
诗歌赏析类文章一般有两种写法：
1．通过对全诗的整体分析，表达自己的观点。
在这种形式下，一篇较完整的诗歌赏析类文章包含如下内容：
(1)作者简介
(2)作品写作背景简介
(3)作品意象分析(诗句的解释或翻译，诗句所表达的情感、思想和意境)
(4)作品艺术手法分析(通常结合在作品意象分析之中)
(5)作品艺术特点的综合评价(往往带有总结的意味)
如果不要求赏析很完整，则可不写作者简介以及作品写作背景简介两部分的内容。
2．就诗歌最突出的方面进行分析，表达自己的见解。
采用这种写法时，作者往往只需抓住其中一个方面，如意境、语言表达、某一手法等。对于其他方面则可不提及，因而采用这种写法的文章篇幅一般较短小。
[常用表达]
1．Here is a poem titled...by...
2．It is popular with Chinese readers.
3．This poem is about nature and life.
4．It is written with special writing skills.
5．It rhymes at the end of each line.
6．The language of the poem is descriptive and vivid.
7．Whenever we read this poem, some characters appear clearly.
8．Only by reading it repeatedly can we grasp the spirit of this poem.
9．Considered as one of the greatest poets of the Tang Dynasty，... will undoubtedly live in people's heart forever.
10．In my opinion, the young generation today should understand and learn from the poem.
[精品展示]
The Road Not Taken
(by Robert Frost)
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，
And sorry I could not travel both，
And be one traveler, long I stood，
And looked down one as far as I could，
To where it bent in the undergrowth；
Then took the other, as just as fair，
And having perhaps the better claim，
Because it was grassy and wanted wear；
Though as for that the passing there，
Had worn them really about the same，
And both that morning equally lay，
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way，
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh，
Somewhere ages and ages hence：
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by，
And that has made all the difference.
请你用英语从面对人生岔路口应如何作出选择这一角度来赏析这首诗歌，要点包括：
1．诗歌描写的内容；
2．诗歌的特点和表达的情感；
3．对你的影响或让你产生的感受。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[审题谋篇]
第一步：认真审题，准确定位
体裁：诗歌赏析
人称：以第一人称为主
时态：以一般现在时为主
第二步：谋篇布局，构思文章
该书面表达根据题目要求的内容可以采用三段式结构：
第一段：诗歌的特点
第二段：诗歌的内容
第三段：读此诗歌的感受以及受到的影响
第三步：提炼要点
1．________________ 不知所措
2．________________ 作出选择
3．________________ 人生旅途
4．________________ 面对
5．________________ 往往做……
6．________________ 坚持
第四步：句式升级
1．这首诗的语言简单自然，通俗易懂。
一般表达：The language of the poem is simple and natural and it is easy to understand.
高级表达：
________________________________________________________________________
2．正如诗中所展示的，在人生的旅途中，我们常常不得不在两条道路或两种想法之间作出选择。
一般表达：The poem shows that in the journey of life, we often have to make a choice between two paths or two ideas.
高级表达：
________________________________________________________________________
[连句成篇]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
[审题谋篇]
第三步：提炼要点
1．at a loss
2．make a choice
3．the journey of life
4．be faced with
5．tend to do...
6．stick to
第四步：句式升级
1．The language of the poem is simple and natural, which makes it easy to understand.
2．As is shown in the poem, in the journey of life, we often have to make a choice between two paths or two ideas.
[连句成篇]
参考范文：
The Road Not Taken is a narrative poem which is one of Frost's most popular works. The language of the poem is simple and natural, which makes it easy to understand.
This poem describes a man who is at a loss to make a choice when facing two roads. Every reader can find his experience and appreciate the philosophy in the poem.
As is shown in the poem, in the journey of life, we often have to make a choice between two paths or two ideas. Our choice will determine the direction of our life. When faced with them, we always tend to hesitate, but we must make a decision. No matter which path we choose, we must look ahead, and stick to it. As long as we persist, we'll have a meaningful journey.

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