Unit 2 Iconic Attractions学案(共2份+素材)高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修 第四册

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Unit 2 Iconic Attractions学案(共2份+素材)高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修 第四册

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Grammar
情境探究
观察上面句子, 并说出画线部分的作用
1. fallen ___________________
2. made by nature _______________________
要义详析
过去分词是非谓语动词形式之一。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性, 有完成或被动含义, 可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上, 过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似, 在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等成分。
一、过去分词作定语
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成; 不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动, 只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
a polluted river一条被污染的河流
the watered flowers浇过水的花
(2)只表示完成, 不表示被动
fallen leaves落叶
the risen sun升起的太阳
【名师点津】过去分词作定语
单个的过去分词作定语时, 通常放在所修饰词的前面; 过去分词短语作定语时, 通常放在后面, 其作用相当于一个定语从句。
*A watched pot never boils. [谚语]心急锅不开。
*The student dressed in white is my daughter.
=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。
【即学活用】语法填空
(1) Some of the people __________ (invite) to the party can’t come.
(2) The trees ______ (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.
(3) The police will come soon to take away the _________ (damage) car.
二、过去分词作表语
位于系动词(如be, get, become, look, feel, seem等)之后, 多表示主语的状态或状况, 它所体现的是形容词的特性。
*She looks disappointed.
她看上去很失望。
*We were encouraged at the news.
听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。
【名师点津】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语时, 强调主语所处的状态, 而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者, 强调动作。
*The cup is broken.
杯子破了。(系表结构)
*The cup was broken by Tom.
杯子是被汤姆打破的。(被动语态)
【即学活用】语法填空
(1) I was too ____ (tire) to walk any further.
(2) When he heard the ________(move) story, he was deeply _______ (move).
(3) Tom was more ____________ (surprise) than ___________ (disappoint) at this news.
(4) Both he and I are __________ (satisfy) with the result.
三、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有着动宾关系, 宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。
*He watched the TV set carried out of the room.
他看着电视机被搬出了房间。
*Last year they had the house rebuilt.
去年他们让人重建了房子。
几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)
1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语), 如see, watch, observe, find, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。
*I heard the song sung in English.
我听到有人用英语唱这首歌。
2. 表示“致、使”意义的动词, 如have, make, get, keep, leave等。
*They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他们用了很简单的英语以使别人能听懂。
*Don’t leave those things undone.
要把那些事情做完。
【名师点津】“have+宾语+过去分词”的三种含义
(1)表示“让某人做某事”
*I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow.
明天我要去理发。
(2)表示“遭遇某种不幸; 受到打击”
*He had his wallet stolen. 他的钱包被偷了。
(3)做某事(主语可能参与其中)
*I had my house repaired last week.
上周, 我修补了房子。
3. 表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词, 如like, want, wish, order等。
*The teacher doesn’t wish such questions (to be) discussed in class.
老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。
*The police, finding the film unhealthy, ordered it banned.
警察发现这部电影不健康, 令其禁演。
【即学活用】语法填空
(1) You’d better have your shoes _______ (mend).
(2) The father wants his daughter ______(teach) the piano.
(3) I saw an old man ________(knock) down by a car.
(4) I’d like the job ______ (do) when I come back from the journey.
四、过去分词(短语)作状语
表示被动或完成的动作, 可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
1. 作时间状语
过去分词作时间状语时, 相当于一个when, while, after, once等引导的时间状语从句。
*Once published(=Once it is published), the dictionary will be very popular.
一旦出版, 这本词典将大受欢迎。
2. 作原因状语
过去分词作原因状语时, 相当于一个as, since, because等引导的原因状语从句。
*Absorbed in painting(=Because John was absorbed in painting), John didn’t notice evening approaching.
由于专心画画, 约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
3. 作条件状语
过去分词作条件状语时, 相当于一个if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。
*Given another hour(=If I am given another hour), I can also work out this problem.
如果再给我一个小时, 我也能把这道题算出来。
4. 作让步状语
过去分词作让步状语时, 相当于一个though, although, even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。
*Beaten by the opposite team(=Though we were beaten by the opposite team), we didn’t lose heart and encouraged each other.
虽然被对方的队打败了, 但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。
5. 作方式或伴随状语
过去分词作方式或伴随状语时, 可以转换成一个并列句。
*The old man got on the bus, supported by a girl(=and he was supported by a girl).
在一位姑娘的搀扶下, 老人上了公共汽车。
【名师点津】过去分词作状语的注意事项
(1)过去分词作状语时, 其前面可以带有相应的连词, 如when, though, although, as if, as though, if, unless, until, once等, 表时间、让步、条件、方式等。
*If (I am) invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend.
如果受到邀请, 我会参加我朋友的婚礼。
(2)过去分词(短语)作状语时, 分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。
*Caught, the thief will be punished by the police. (caught的逻辑主语为the thief)
小偷如果被抓, 就会受到警方的处罚。
(3)有些过去分词已形容词化, 作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有satisfied, surprised, interested, moved, worried, pleased, disappointed等。
*Disappointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word.
因为对考试结果很失望, 小女孩站在那里一句话也没说。
【即学活用】语法填空
(1) _____ (leave) to himself, the baby began to cry.
(2) She accepted the gift, deeply _____ (move).
(3) We went to the cinema, _____ (fill) with excitement.
(4) Once _______ (pour), water cannot be taken back.
【参考答案】
情境探究
过去分词, 作前置定语 2. 过去分词短语, 作后置定语。
要义详析
一、过去分词作定语
(1) invited (2) blown (3) damaged
过去分词作表语
(1) tired (2) moving;moved (3) surprised; disappointed (4) satisfied
过去分词作宾语补足语
mended (2) taught (3) knocked (4) done
过去分词(短语)作状语
(1) Left (2) moved (3) filled (4) pouredUnit 2 词汇表
iconic /a k n k/ adj.符号的;图标的
foundation /fa n de n/ n.创建;基础;地基
political /p l t kl/ adj.政治的
didgeridoo / d d ri du / n.迪吉里杜管
located /l ke t d/ adj.位于
equator / kwe t (r)/ n.赤道
koala /k ɑ l / n.考拉;树袋熊
barbecue / bɑ b kju / n. (abbr. BBQ) 户外烧烤;烤架
bakery / be k ri/ n.面包(糕饼)店;面包厂
joint /d nt/ n.公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所);关节
adj.联合的;共同的
butcher / b t (r)/ n.肉贩;屠夫;刽子手
premier / premi (r); NAmE pr 'm r/ adj.最著名的;第一的;首要的
n.总理;首相
herb /h b/ n.药草;香草;草本
dim sim / d m 's m/ (特指澳大利亚的)点心
hollow / h l / adj.中空的;空心的
vibrate /va 'bre t/ vt. & vi. (使)振动
horn /h n/ n. (乐器)号
pitch /p t / n.音高
straightforward / stre t f w d/ adj.坦率的;简单的
slogan / sl ɡ n/ n.标语;口号
minister / m n st (r)/ n.部长;大臣;外交使节
prime minister 首相;总理
frog /fr ɡ/ n.蛙;青蛙
arrow / r / n.箭;箭头
entitle / n ta tl/ vt.给……命名(或题名);使享有权利
getaway / ɡet we / n.适合度假的地方
dive /da v/ vi. & n. (dived/dove, dived) 潜水;跳水;俯冲
kayaking / ka k / n.划皮艇
peak season高峰季节
freedom / fri d m/ n.自由;不受……影响的状态
domain /d me n; d me n/ n.领域;领土;范围
sponsor / sp ns (r); NAmE 'spɑ ns r/ vt.倡议;赞助;主办
n. (法案等的)倡议者;赞助者
liberty / l b ti/ n.自由
golf /ɡ lf/ n.高尔夫球运动
strait /stre t/ n.海峡
sample / sɑ mpl/ n.样本;样品
monument / m njum nt/ n.纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等);历史遗迹
kiwi / ki wi / n.几维(新西兰鸟)
geyser / ɡi z (r); ɡa z r/ n.间歇泉
sulphuric /s l'fj r k/ pool 硫黄池
manuka /m 'nu:k / honey 麦卢卡蜂蜜
bungee / b nd i/ jumping 蹦极跳
a flock /fl k/ of —群(羊或鸟)
geothermal / d i θ ml/ park 地热公园
distribution / d str bju n/ n.分布;分配;分发
pouch /pa t / n.育儿袋;小袋子;荷包
temporary / tempr ri/ adj.暂时的;短暂的
phase /fe z/ n.阶段;时期
trunk /tr k/ n.树干
licensed /la snst/ adj.得到正式许可的
license / la sns/ vt.批准;许可
n. (= licence) 许可证;执照
session / se n/ n.—场;一段时间;会议
frequency / fri kw nsi/ n.发生率;重复率;(声波或电磁波振动的)频率
violent / va l nt/ adj.暴力的;猛烈的
violence / va l ns/ n.暴力;暴行
nest /nest/ n.巢穴;鸟窝;秘密窝点
mammal / m ml/ n.哺乳动物
biology /ba l d i/ n.生理;生物学
hatch /h t / vi.孵出;破壳
vt.使孵出;策划;(尤指)密谋
capacity /k p s ti/ n.能力;容量
a handful of少数人(或物);一把(的量)
fence /fens/ n.栅栏;围栏
prison /'pr zn/ n.监狱;监禁
grand /ɡr nd/ adj.大;宏大的描述性说明文
文体指导
描述性说明文主要集中在介绍事物、社会现象、地点等方面。写作时要按照一定的顺序进行介绍和说明,以达到实际应用和交际的目的。
[基本框架]
1.开头:主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的。
2.主体:详细说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤。
3.结尾:进行总结概括。
注意事项:
1.仔细审题:明确说明对象,要主次分明,抓住要说明的事物的主要特征。
2.选择合理的说明顺序:比如时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序,分层进行说明,注意条理清晰。
[常用词块]
1.the rare species稀有物种
2.care for them关心它们
3.take active measures采取积极的措施
4.protect the wildlife保护野生动物
5.prevent them from being hurt防止他们受到伤害
6.be polite and friendly to visitors对游客都很有礼貌和友好
7.on the point of dying out在死亡的边缘
8.do something to change this situation做些什么来改变这种情况
9.in the southwest of China 在中国西南部
10.have the responsibility to do something有责任做某事
[常用语句]
1.Animals are our close friends.
动物是我们亲密的朋友。
2.Now a growing number of wild animals are dying out every year.
现在每年都有越来越多的野生动物濒临灭绝。
3.Second,we would like to promote the people's awareness of protecting wild animals.
第二,我们要提高人们保护野生动物的意识。
4.I am strongly convinced that we will live with them in peace with your help.
我坚信,有了你们的帮助,我们将与它们和平共处。
5.Keep in mind that protecting animals is protecting ourselves and thus it is our duty to do it well.
请记住,保护动物就是保护我们自己,因此做好这件事是我们的责任。
6.Why not donate some money or do something nice to change this situation
为什么不捐点钱或者做点好事来改变这种情况呢?
学以致用
请根据下面要点,以“The Giant Panda” 为题,简要介绍大熊猫。要点提示:
1.熊猫是世界上稀有动物之一,现在世界上仅存几千只;
2.熊猫生活在我国四川省西部和北部的竹林里,它们主要以竹笋、竹叶为食;
3.近几年来天气异常干燥,造成竹林大面积枯萎,熊猫面临灭绝危险;
4.希望大家伸出援助之手。
参考词汇:竹笋 bamboo shoots 萎缩 wither
注意:1.为了语句通顺,可适当增加内容;
2.词数80 左右。
【参考答案】
学以致用
【参考范文】
The Giant Panda
The giant panda is one of the rare animals in the world. It is a treasure of our country. At present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. Pandas live in the bamboo forests in the west and north of Sichuan Province. They feed on bamboo shoots and bamboo leaves. In the past few years,a large number of bamboo forests have soon withered because of the unusually hot weather. A lack of food makes pandas on the point of dying out.
As Chinese,we have the responsibility to do something to save pandas from dying out. Life would be better for pandas if you could offer any help.

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