资源简介

Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Developing ideas
学习目标
1. Guide the students to understand the text by paying attention to the change of emotional words and the chronological order.
2. Lead the students to think about how to deal with the challenges the natural disaster brings them.
3. Help students deepen their understanding of the unit theme and the writing characteristics of safety guidelines of a natural disaster so that students can write flood safety guidelines.
重点难点
1. To understand the text better by focusing upon emotional words and imagery interpreting the thoughts of the author.
2. To lead the students to hold a positive attitude towards the difficult situation of natural disasters.
3. To developing the students’ writing ability to complete a passage of flood safety guidelines.
课前诊断
New words and expressions for Period Three.
1. billion n. 9. otherwise adv.
2. lap n. 10. property n.
3. helicopter n. 11. sufficient adj.
4. mosquito n. 12. imagery n.
5. midnight n. 13. have yet to do
6. county n. 14. the Big Dipper
7. threat n. 15. the Little Dipper
8. shelter n. 16. the Milky Way
学习过程
Step 1 Before reading
Activity 1 Look at the map and answer the questions
1. Where did Hurricane Katrina form And where did it hit
2. How long did it last And how many people lost their lives in the hurricane
3. What was the cost of the damage the hurricane caused
Step 2 While reading
Activity 2
1. Read “Learning to learn ” and improve the reading skills.
a. Find out words describing the time when events happened.
b. Focus upon the emotional words and imagery to describe a memorable experience.
2. Skim the text and answer the following questions.
(1) What difficulty did the author have when he was caught in the broken room
(2) What really gave the author hope for the future when his family lost everything in his home
(3) What do the stars at midnight refer to according to the author
(4) What attitude to the future does the author hold when he is back home
Step 3 Further reading
Activity 3 Analyze the structure of the text and fill in the diagram.
Feelings Causes
During the hurricane 1 ______ The roof 2 ____________________. The street turned into a river and we were going nowhere.
Right after the hurricane worried We didn’t have enough drinking water. It was hot and 3 ____________________.
hopeful Mom told us to 4 ______________________. The amazing stars at night gave us hope for the future.
A few days later 5 ______ We were rescued. Smartie 6 ___________________________.
One year later optimistic Many families have come back and are working together to 7 _______________________________.
Step 4 Post reading
Think and Share
1. What sort of attitude to life is reflected in the author’s experience of looking at the night sky
2. Suppose you were in the same situation as the author, what would you think and do
3. What could you do to help the local people rebuild their homes
Activity 4
Work in pairs. Act out an interview with the author about his own experience.
Question 1 How did you feel when you realized Smartie had disappeared
Answer:
Question 2 Apart from looking up at the amazing stars, what else helped you spending the night
Answer:
Question 3 Would you give us some advice about how to keep safe during the hurricane
Answer:
Step 5 Before writing
Activity 5 Read the hurricane safety guidelines and answer the questions.
1. What is the purpose of safety guidelines
2. What type of language is used in safety guidelines
实践研究
Step 6 Writing
1. Master the writing outline about safety guidelines.
2. Make notes for flood safety guidelines based on the model essay in Activity 5.
Flood Safety Guidelines
Things to do before a flood:
Things to do during a flood:
Things not to do during a flood:
3. Useful expressions for the writing.
The first thing to do is ...
Do not ...
Remember (not) to ...
It’s important (not) to ...
4. Write a passage about flood safety guidelines.
Step 7 Language appreciation
1. But mom said that whatever happens, we should always try to see the good side of things.
[句式分析] “whatever happens” 是由连词whatever引导的 “ ”从句，意为“无论发生什么事”，这时whatever 用 “ ” 替换。此外， whatever还可以“ ”从句,这时，它不能用 no matter what替换。 （Notes:1. “no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词+ever”互换。2. 而“疑问词+ever”还可以引导名词性从句)
[尝试翻译] 。
2. Now we have another chance to look up at the stars, their beauty inspiring and giving us confidence to move on.
[句式分析] 语境中 “their beautify inspiring and giving us confidence to move on.”该结构为“____________”。这种结构是“________________”（成分），语境中没有连词连接，非谓语动词形式须另带不同的逻辑主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。其中，非谓语动词主动用“现在分词”，被动用“过去分词”。在本结构中, 名词beauty与动词inspire和give构成“ ”，故分别用“ ”。
[尝试翻译] 。
Step 8 Homework
1. Review new words and phrases learned in this period.
2. Polish your writing completed in class.
【参考答案】
Step 1
Activity 1
1.It formed in Bahamas and hit New Orleans, the state of Louisiana.
2.It lasted from Aug, 23 to Aug, 31. which claimed over 1800 lives.
3.The costly natural disaster cause USD 108 billion in damage.
Step 2
Activity 2
2. (1)Dangerous broken room, no enough drinking water and high temperature etc.
(2)His mom’s encouraging words and the amazing stars at night made him full of hope for the future.
(3)They stand for the hope for the bright future.
(4)The author holds a optimistic attitude towards their future life.
Step 3
Activity 3
1.frightened 2.flew off 3.smelled so bad 4.try to see the good side of things
5.happy 6.came home just in time 7.rebuild our home and our lives
Step 4
Think and Share
(possible answers:)
1.Seeing the amazing night view, the author felt hopeful and positive.
2.Like the author, I would learn to see the good side of things and have a confidence for the future life.
3.I will organize some youth volunteer activities to participate in post-disaster reconstruction and get their life back to normal at an early date. It is welcome that anyone will donate money or materials, or help clean up waste and so on.
Step 5
Activity 5
1. To tell people useful advice on hurricane safety.
2. Imperative sentences are used to tell people about dos and don’ts.
Step 6
Activity 6
1. Master the writing outline about safety guidelines.
2. Make notes for flood safety guidelines based on the model essay in Activity 5.
Flood Safety Guidelines
Things to do before a flood: protect your property/ have enough daily supplies/ find strong shelter
Things to do during a flood: stay in the safe place/ focus on weather warnings
Things not to do during a flood: don’t go outside / keep away from fragile things / don’t assume the storm has passed
4. You may start with the passage like this:
As the old saying goes, floods and fires have no mercy for anybody. Therefore, it is of much importance to know how to protect yourself from danger before a flood strikes. Here are some advice on flood safety guidelines for you... Things to do before a blood: ...
Step 7
1. [句式分析] 让步状语; no matter what; 引导名词性
[尝试翻译] 但是妈妈说不管发生什么事，我们都应该看到事情好的一面。
2. [句式分析] 独立主格结构；非谓语动词作状语；主动关系；inspiring and giving
[尝试翻译] 现在我们有机会仰望星空，它们的美丽鼓舞着我们，给了我们继续前行的信心。Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Starting out and Understanding ideas
学习目标
1. To learn about great adventure activities and share some adventure experiences with the class.
2. To train the reading skills and get the main idea and target information by skimming or scanning.
3. To learn how to infer the author’s writing purpose, understand the structure of the text and the logic of the text.
4. To evaluate the significance of exploration and express their own ideas on exploration.
重点难点
1. To talk about great explorers by using target language according to given information.
2. To enhance their understanding of the writing intention and the logic of the passage.
3.To share some adventure experiences and discuss the benefits risk-taking can bring us.
课前诊断
New words and expressions for Period One.
1. disaster n. 9. announcement n.
2. tube n. 10. react to
3. plus adj. 11. extreme adj.
4. erupt v. 12. prediction n.
5. occur v. 13. melt v.
6. immediately adv. 14. air conditioning
7. hurricane n. 15. pick up
8. landslide n. 16. reflect off
学习过程
Step 1 Starting out
Activity 1 Watch and Say
①What happened there in the video
②How did people on the spot react to the disaster What was the result
Activity 2 Look and say
Look at the film posters and tell what natural disaster the film is about.
Film posters Natural disasters
The Day After Tomorrow 《后天》
Into the Storm 《不惧风暴》
Aftershock 《唐山大地震》
The Poseidon Adventure 《海神号遇险记》
② Choose one of the films you’re familiar with and say what the main characters do in the face of the disasters.
Step 2 Before reading
Activity 1
①Read the marked readings of the thermometer in the picture and talk about what happens when the temperature goes very high or very low.
How to read temperature in English eg.
56.7o C ______________________________________________
-93.2o C __________________________________________
②Tell how you feel in extreme temperatures and the way of overcoming the challenges of extreme temperatures.
Step 3 While reading
Activity 2 Read through the text quickly and answer the following questions.
①Why does the author mention in the first paragraph the high temperature in London
②How does the author feel when sitting on the Tube to work
③Why does the author step out of the station with a heavy heart
Your answers:
①
②
③
Activity 3 Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage.
①To explain why summers in London are getting hotter and hotter.
②To complain about the London Tube.
③To warn people about the danger of London being flooded.
④To express his worries about the dangers of extreme weather conditions.
Activity 4
Read the passage again and fill in the following flow chart with expressions from the passage.
◎ The author is traveling on the London Tube. It is very hot and the temperature outside will be 1._______________. He feels awful.
◎ It is even hotter inside the train than outside, and the author thinks he is 2.___________________ with the passenger next to him.
◎ Thinking that London will probably get hotter, the author feels 3.___________________. To prepare for the future, he thinks he should: 4. _______________________________________________________________. 5. _______________________________________________________________. 6. _______________________________________________________________.
◎ In the newspaper, there are reports of natural disasters around the world caused by 7. _______________, which makes the author feel 8. ____________________________________.
◎ Going outside, the author feels refreshed and realizes he has been 9. ________________________.
Step 4 Post reading
Think and Share
①Explain why the author shows great concerns about extreme weather conditions.
②State how you decide to adapt to climate change which may affect your life in the future.
Step 5 Language appreciation
1. What were the highest and lowest temperatures recorded where you live
[句式分析] “temperatures recorded”中recorded为过去分词充当名词的“_________”，“where you live”是由where引导的“_________”从句，表示“在……的地方”。
(注：地点状语从句表示地点、方位，这类从句通常由where、wherever等引导。地点状语从句可置于句首、句中或句尾。地点状语从句与定语从句的区别在于分句在句中作什么成分。作状语，则是状语从句；作定语修饰名词，则是定语从句。where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。)
[尝试翻译] _____________________________________
2. Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...
[句式分析] “now that”作连接词，意为“__________”,引导原因状语从句, 在非正式用法中可以省略that。“it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth,”这是一常见句型，it为“________”, “to avoid...”不定式短语为“____________”。
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________
Step 6 Homework
1. Review new words and phrases learned in this period.
2. Preview what you will learn in the next lesson.
【参考答案】
Step 1
Activity 2
①
Film posters Natural disasters
The Day After Tomorrow 《后天》 floods
Into the Storm 《不惧风暴》 tornado
Aftershock 《唐山大地震》 earthquake
The Poseidon Adventure 《海神号遇险记》 seaquake
②
The Day After Tomorrow Dr. Jack predicts global warming will lead to a terrible disaster. He had warned government officials to take preventive action, but it was apparently too late. Dr. Jack urged the vice president of the United States to declare that all Americans were to go to a safe place as soon as possible. At this point, Dr. Jack learned that his son Sam alone went to New York to rescue his girlfriend, and decided to venture to New York in the snow and ice rescue operations.
Into the Storm A group of thrill-seeking wind chaser trace and record the giant tornado in an attempt to capture the once-in-a-lifetime extreme moment of being in the eye of the hurricane. The thrill-seeking experience of the eye of the tornado is a lifelong mission.
Step 2
Activity 1
①
How to read temperature in English eg.
56.7o C five-six point seven degrees of centigrade
-93.2o C minus nine-three point two degrees of centigrade
②
How to survive the heat
The heat is sometimes unbearable to stay fit and healthy. It is necessary to prepare for preventive measures to protect yourself from heat waves. While you cannot escape summer heat, you can definitely survive extreme temperatures if you follow these simple steps: ▼Turn on air-conditioning if you cannot bear the heat wave. ▼Stay indoors in the day when the heat is maximum. If you have to go out, use umbrella and shades. ▼Drink enough water to keep yourself cool and comfortable. ▼Take frequent showers and wash your face with water whenever it is available.
Step 3
Activity 2
①Introduce the topic of the article and then continue to explain why the city of London gets hotter.
②The author feels uncomfortable—a bit sick.
③The author intends to express his worries about weather conditions of London.
Activity 3
Answer: D
Activity 4
1.over 30 2.melting and becoming one 3.a bit scared
4.probably put his flat on the market and buy a boat
5.move to the top floor of the building for work
6.join a beginner’s swimming class to survive even when the tall buildings are flooded.
7.climate change 8.nervous 9.worrying too much
Step 4
①Suggested answer:
Due to climate change, terrible natural disasters occur across the world from time to time. Natural disasters, including typhoon, hurricanes, earthquakes, landslides, heat waves and forest fires, etc. have brought different degrees of damage to the production and life of human beings. Their negative or destructive effects are one of the most severe challenges facing mankind at present and in the future.
②Suggested answer:
As far as I’m concerned, humans are to blame for the frequent occurrence of extreme weather. Adaption to climate change depends upon effective environmental protection from now.
I can start with little things just like refusing the use of disposable chopsticks, saving water and turning off the lights before going outside and so on. In addition to this, I will call on people around me to be involved in planting trees or other reduction projects to build a greener earth.
Step 5
1. [句式分析] 后置定语，地点状语
[尝试翻译] 你居住的地方记录的最高和最低气温是多少
2. [句式分析]
既然；由于
形式主语
真正主语
[尝试翻译] 既然在地球上很难避免灾难，也许我应该开始考虑移居太空...Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Using languages
(Grammar & Vocabulary& Listening)
学习目标
1. To master the usages of ellipsis and use it in real context including reading, writing and speaking.
2. To collect words about natural disasters and talk about the sides effects on human beings so as to raise people’s environmental protection.
3. To enhance the listening skills to understand the weather reports.
重点难点
1. To understand the this grammatical phenomenon known as “ellipsis” while using English for expressions.
2. To accumulate words about natural disasters and talk about the sides effects on human beings.
3. To do listening training about to understand the weather reports and describe weather conditions.
课前诊断
New words and expressions for Period One.
1. forecast v. 9. blizzard n.
2. grab v. 10. crisis n.
3. rescue v. 11. satellite n.
4. claim v. 12. precisely adv.
5. threaten v. 13. exceptionally adv.
6. tsunami n. 14. avalanche n.
7. emergency n. 15. reliable adj.
8. typhoon n. 16. symptom n.
学习过程
Step 1 Grammar item about “Ellipsis”
Activity 1
1. Look at some pairs example sentences and find out some differences between them.
2. Learn about what elliptical sentences are and how part of a sentence is left out.
a It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as well as one of the deepest lines. It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as well as one of ___________.
b My office is only on the third floor of the building, so it is quite low. My office is only on the third floor of the building, so ___________.
3. Ellipsis can be divided into nominal ellipsis, verbal ellipsis and clausal ellipsis etc.
小品词的省略 1. 省略介词 I have studied English (for) five years.
2. 省略连词 I’m sure (that) she will help you.
3. 省略关系代词 I’ll give you all the things (that) I have.
句子成分的省略 4. 省略主语 (You) Take care!
5. 省略谓语 We’ll do the best we can (do).
6. 省略表语 He was a lover of sports as he had been (a lover of sports) before.
7. 省略宾语 Let’s do the dishes. I’ll wash (dishes) and you’ll dry (dishes).
8. 省略定语 He spent part of the money, and the rest (of the money) he saved.
9. 省略状语 He was not hurt. (How) Strange!
不同句式的省略 10. 状语从句 Whenever (it is) possible, he will come to my help.
11. 定语从句 That’s the reason (why) he is late for the conference.
12. 宾语从句 We will do what we can (do) to help you.
13. 不定式 He may leave if he wishes to (leave).
14. 并列句 They learn French and we (learn) English.
15. 虚拟语气 (Should it rain tomorrow,) You would have to put off your tour.
Step 2 Practice
Activity 2 Read and find out words removed before or after the underlined words.
1. Technology isn’t the only way to forecast the weather. Nature has its ways, too.
2. ... can indicate whether it’s cold, wet weather that’s on the way or a hot, dry period.
3. If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking more loudly, it may rain.
4. ... don’t just look for rain clouds, but also for birds.
5. ... these things may suggest something bad is going to happen, they won’t tell us when and where.
Activity 3 Remove words from the news report to make ti more concise.
1. The 8.1-magnitude earthquake that hit Nepal on 25 April 2015, was one of the worst earthquakes in history.
2. Among all the international heavy rescue teams, the China International Search and Rescue(CISAR) was the first international heavy rescue team to arrive.
3. Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical stuff, but also included earthquake exerts.
Step 3 Vocabulary
Activity 4 Collect and learn words about natural disasters.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7.
Activity 5 Complete the reports with the words describing natural disasters.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7.
Step 4 Discussion
Activity 6 Talk about the bad effects one of the natural disasters has human beings.
Step 5 Before listening
1. Read “Did You Know ” to learn about extreme weather conditions.
2. Read “Learning to learn” to improve the listening skills.
Step 6 Listening
Activity 7 Learn to the weather forecast and match the weather symbols to the locations on the map.
Activity 8 Listen again and get more details.
Complete the form by listening to the weather forecast.
Anchorage
You will need 1________________________________________. Temperatures will stay around 2________________________oC.
Phoenix
Temperatures are really high and it’s probably hot enough to 3___________________. Be sure to 4_______________ if you or others have symptoms of heart stroke.
Houston
It’s 5_______________ season and there will be a big one across the Atlantic. Stay 6______________________________ and listen out for the latest forecasts.
Washington, DC
Temperatures are going to stay around 7____________________ oC. Don’t drive 8______________________!
San Francisco
Temperatures are going to be around 9______________ oC. People are suffering from 10_______________, which are causing damage and loss.
实践研究
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
Useful expressions for the conversation:
1 How is everything going I’ve learned that the storm/ heavy rain/... have lasted...
2 The most serious effect is electricity failure/ lack of food and drinking water/ damage to property...
3 Hopefully, stay away from any danger such as fallen power lines/ the flow of water...
4 What I want to do is to make a donation/ to help others in trouble/ to share how to prevent disease...
5 Thanks for your nice greetings.
Step 7 Language appreciation
1. On hearing the news, China was quick to start organizing emergency aid.
[句式分析] “On hearing the news” 意为“ ”，on/upon doing sth., 表示“ ”, 相当于as soon as -clause. 例句可以改写为 “ ”。
[尝试翻译] 。
2. It (The drought) was said to be the worst in 60 years.
[句式分析] “sth./sb. be said to do...”表示“ ”。 同义表达也可以用固定句型“It’s said that -clause” 。例句可以改写为“ .”
[尝试翻译] 。
Step 8 Homework
1. Review new words and phrases learned in this period.
2. Consolidate the grammar item about Ellipsis learned in the period.
【参考答案】
Step 1
Activity 1
2. a. the deepest b. quite low
Step 2
Activity 2
1. Technology isn’t the only way to forecast the weather. Nature has its ways, too.
【答案】Technology isn’t the only way to forecast the weather. Nature has its ways (to forecast the weather), too.
2. ... can indicate whether it’s cold, wet weather that’s on the way or a hot, dry period.
【答案】... can indicate whether it’s cold, wet weather that’s on the way or (it’s) a hot, dry period.
3. If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking more loudly, it may rain.
【答案】If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking more loudly(than usual), it may rain.
4. ...don’t just look for rain clouds, but also for birds.
【答案】...don’t just look for rain clouds, but also (look) for birds.
5. ...these things may suggest something bad is going to happen, they won’t tell us when and where.
【答案】...things may suggest something bad is going to happen, they won’t tell us when and where (something bad is going to happen).
Activity 3
1. The 8.1-magnitude earthquake hitting Nepal on 25 April 2015, was one of the worst in history.
2. Among all the international heavy rescue teams, the China International Search and Rescue(CISAR) was the first to arrive.
3. Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical stuff, but also earthquake exerts.
Step 3
Activity 4
drought typhoon blizzard tsunami
wildfire avalanche earthquake ...
Activity 5
1. typhoon 2. wildfire 3. avalanches 4. earthquake
5. tsunami 6. blizzard 7. drought
Step 4
Activity 6
A possible answer:
The terrible Wenchuan earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0, hitting the Sichuan Province on May 12, 2008, claimed the lives of about
69,200 people, plus over 370,000 injured as well as 17,900 missing. This has also been the most serious earthquake since the Tangshan earthquake happened. In 2009, with the approval of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China, May 12 per year is the National Day for disaster prevention and reduction.
Step 6
Activity 7
实践研究
Step 7
1. [句式分析] 一听到消息；一 …… 就……；As soon as China heard the news
[尝试翻译] 听到这个消息后，中国迅速开始组织紧急援助。
2. [句式分析] 据说某物或者某人要做某事；It was said that a drought was the worst in 60 years.
[尝试翻译] 据说这(旱灾)是60年来最糟糕的一次。写自然灾害时的安全指导
文体指导
本单元的写作项目是写自然灾害时的安全指导，这种题目要求根据可能遇到的危险的内容有针对性地写出遇险时的安全指导。
[基本框架]
1．开头(beginning)——分析遇到的危险
2．主体1(body1)——介绍危险来临前的各种准备
3．主体2(body2)——危险中的各种应对措施
4．主体3(body3)——写出危险中不应该做的
[常用词块]
1．Organize personnel protection
组织人员防护
2．Move to a safe place
转移到安全地带
3．Avoid walking on banks and bridges
避免在岸边和桥上行走
4．Pay attention when walking in water.
在积水中行走要注意观察。
5．Get off the high hill
从高山上下来
6．Don’t climb the trees when there is lightning.
闪电时不要爬树。
7．Cover your mouth and nose with wet clothes or towel
用湿的衣物或毛巾捂住口鼻
8．Hold your head quickly
迅速抱住头部
9．Send the poisoned or burned person to hospital
将中毒或烧伤人员送医院救治
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．If you are trapped in the flood what will you do to help yourself
如果你被困在洪水中，你该怎么做来自救？
2．If you find somewhere around you is on fire，how will you escape safely
如果你发现周围的某个地方着火了，你怎么安全逃生？
3．When there is an earthquake，you must obey the following rules to keep yourself safe.
如果发生地震，你必须遵循以下规则来保证自己的安全。
★丰满主体
1．Attention should be paid to prevent smoke poisoning，prevent suffocation.
要注意防止烟雾中毒，预防窒息。
2．When opening a room door，touch the door with the back of your hand first，see whether it is hot.
开房间门时，先用手背接触房门，看是否发热。
3．When you can’t escape，don’t hide in the attic or closet.
当无路可逃时，不要藏在顶楼或者壁橱等地方。
4．Learn more self rescue common sense in advance.
提前学会更多的自救常识。
★余味结尾
1．Helping those who are in need is making a great difference.
帮助需要帮助的人让这个世界大不同。
2．Keep in mind that you should keep calm and don’t panic.
要记住保持冷静不要慌乱。
学以致用
夏天即将来临，暴雨增多，积水增加，洪水泛滥。新华学校为了增加学生的安全自救常识，准备了一份关于暴风雨时的安全知识宣传海报。请根据以下提示拟定海报内容。
1．收听广播或看电视，了解天气信息；
2．一旦遇到洪水，尽量待在高处，或者抓住能在水中漂浮的东西；
3．暴雨中不要在大树下避雨，尽量避免在积水深的地方行走；
4．……
要求：1.词数：80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使文章连贯。
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【参考答案】
学以致用
[参考范文]
Flood Safety Guideline
Summer is drawing near. In order to keep you safe in case of flood，keep the following in mind：
Things to do before a flood：Keep yourself informed of the weather forecast and take your raincoat or umbrella in time.
Things to do during a flood：In case of a flood，stay at a higher place waiting for rescue, or catch something that can float on the water to rescue yourself.
Things not to do during a flood：Don’t try to find shelter under high trees. Pay more attention to the deep water and avoid walking in water.

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