资源简介

Developing ideas
课文助读
阅读P8－P9教材中的材料，选出最佳选项
1．What did grown-ups think My Drawing Number One
A．An elephant. B．A cat.
C．A hat. D．A boa constrictor.
2．How did the writer feel after his Drawing Number Two
A．Disheartened. B．Encouraging.
C．Pleased. D．Frightening.
要点直击
　varied adj.各种各样的；形形色色的；变化的
(教材P6)　But as life continues，we’re presented with more varied experiences: starting university，getting a job and raising a family.
但随着生活的继续，我们有了更多不同的经历：开始上大学，找工作，养家糊口。
[例1]　It is essential that your diet is varied and balanced.
极其重要的是你的饮食要多样化，并保持均衡。
[例2]　Rich and varied cultural life is essential for this couple.
丰富多样的文化生活对这对夫妇而言至关重要。
[造句]　这为我们提供了广泛和多样的经验以进行评估。
__________________________________________________
[知识拓展]
(1) various adj.　 各种各样的
(2) variety n. 种类，多样性
a variety of＝varieties of 种种的；各种各样的
(3) variation n. 差异；变化；变种，变体
(4) vary v. 不同；改变
vary from...to... 由……到……不等
vary with 随……变化
vary in 在……方面变化
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Demands for certain products vary ________ the season.
②She took the job for __________(variety) reasons.
③Currency exchange rates are always subject to __________(vary)．
　lay aside把……搁置一边；放下，抛开
(教材P9)　The grown-ups’ response，this time，was to advise me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors，whether from the inside or the outside，...
这次大人们的反应是建议我放下画蟒蛇这件事，无论是从内部还是外部，……
[例1]　He finished the tea and laid the cup aside.
他喝完茶后把杯子搁在一边。
[例2]　Perhaps the opposed parties will lay aside their sectional interests and rise to this challenge.
也许各反对党会撇开派系利益，迎接这一挑战。
[造句]　我的观点就是今天把所有的事情都放一放。
___________________________________________
[知识拓展]
lay off 　 裁员；解雇
lay sb. out 把……打昏
lay sth. down 停止使用，放弃；制定(条例或原则)
lay up 自找(麻烦)；自讨(苦吃)；(因病)卧床
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The boxer was laid _______ in the fifth round.
②I’ve laid _____ with flu for a week.
③We have to lay _____ some workers and you’re one of them.
　devote oneself to致力于，献身于
(教材P9)　...，and devote myself instead to geography，history，arithmetic and grammar.
……把自己的精力投入到地理、历史、算术和语法上。
[例1]　If I become a teacher，I will devote myself to giving them better education.
如果我成为一名教师，我会尽全力来让他们接受更好的教育。
[例2]　If you devote yourself to a task，you have every reason to do it well.
如果专心工作，你完全有理由把它做好。
[造句]　接着他决定投入到其他的科学研究中。
___________________________________________________
[知识拓展]
(1) devote...to... 把……投入到/奉献于……
devote oneself to 献身于，专心致力于
(2) devoted adj. 忠实的
be devoted to... 专心致志于，献身于，忠于
(3)devotion n. 奉献；致力；忠诚
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The emotional，physical and mental energy mothers devote _____ their children can be never-ending.
②She devoted herself to __________(look) after her children.
③Her ___________(devote) to her career left her with little time to take care of her family.
　consequence n．后果
(教材P9)　In the course of this life，I have had a great many encounters with a great many people who have been concerned with matters of consequence.
在这一生中，我遇到过很多关心重大问题的人。
[例1]　This decision could have serious consequences for the industry.
这项决定可能对该行业造成严重后果。
[例2]　If climate changes continue，we will suffer the consequences.
如果气候变化继续下去，我们将自食其果。
[造句]　这是它不断进化的结果。
________________________________
[知识拓展]
(1)in consequence＝as a consequence＝as a result 因此；所以
in consequence of＝as a consequence of＝as a result of 由于
take/accept the consequences of 承担……的后果
of no consequence 无关紧要
(2) consequently adv. 因此，所以
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①She was over the age limit and， ____ a consequence，her application was rejected.
②We didn’t have enough money to pay our bus fares，and ____ consequence we had to walk.
③In consequence ____ your bad work，I am forced to dismiss you.
　evidence n．证据
(教材P10)　Choose the authors’s attitude towards grown-ups and find evidence to support your choice.
选择作者对成年人的态度，找到证据支持你的选择。
[例1]　There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.
有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。
[例2]　There is a lot of evidence that stress is partly responsible for disease.
有很多证据证明压力是造成疾病的原因之一。
[造句]　这些照片为这起事件提供了证据。
_______________________________________________
[知识拓展]
(1)There is some/no evidence that... 有(无)证据证明……
in evidence 显眼，显而易见
(2)evident adj. 明显的，明白的
It is evident that... 很明显……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There is no evidence _______ it would reduce efficiency.
②The first signs of winter are _____ evidence.
③_____ is evident that we do not understand each other.
　conclusion n．结论
(教材P11)　Conclusion and recommendation：
结论和建议：
[例1]　It took the jury some time to reach the conclusion that she was guilty.
陪审团花了很长时间才得出结论认为她有罪。
[例2]　If you put two and two together，there can be only one conclusion.
根据事实推断，只可能有一个结论。
[造句]　所有事实弄清以前，不应该下任何结论。
________________________________________________________
[知识拓展]
(1)draw/reach/come to/arrive at a/the conclusion
　　　　 得出结论；告一段落
in conclusion 最后；总之；总而言之
(2)conclude vt.& vi. 结束；推断出
conclude...from... 从……中推断出……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I have arrived at the conclusion ______ she is a very intelligent girl.
②______ conclusion，I’d like to thank you for all you have done for me.
③It was concluded ________ this experiment that short-term memory is unlike long-term memory.
【参考答案】
课文助读
1—2　CA
要点直击
[造句]　This gives us a vast and varied experience to assess.
[即学即练] ①with ②various ③variation
[造句]　My idea is to lay aside all the affairs right today.
[即学即练] ①out ②up ③off
[造句]　He then decided to devote himself to other scientific research.
[即学即练] ①to ②looking ③devotion
[造句]　This is the consequence of its evolution.
[即学即练] ①as ②in ③of
[造句]　These pictures provide evidence of the incident.
[即学即练] ①that ②in ③It
[造句]　No conclusion should be drawn before all the facts are buttoned down.
[即学即练] ①that ②In ③fromUnit 1 Growing up
Starting out & Understanding ideas
Language points
基础落实
重点单词
1. integrity n. 正直诚实
2. virtue n. 美德
3. licence n. 执照
4. loan n. 贷款
5. wage n. 工资，薪金
6. tax n. 税
7. ambulance n. 救护车
8. mature adj. 成熟的，明白事理的
9. obey v. 服从；遵守
10. subtle adj. 难以察觉的；微妙的
11. selfish adj. 自私的
12. household adj. 家庭的
重点短语
1. take responsibility for 对……负责
2. wake up 醒来
3. no doubt 毫无疑问；确实
4. in charge of 负责；掌管
5. feel aware of 意识到
6. have a say 有发言权
7. behind the wheel 在驾驶汽车
8. organ donation 器官捐献
9. contribute to 捐赠；捐献；投稿；有助于；导致
10. tempt sb. to do sth. 引诱某人做某事
重难探究
基础词汇
1. tempt v. 诱惑，引诱
例：The warm weather tempted us to go/tempted us into going for a swim.
炎热的天气诱使我们去游泳。
2. selfish adj. 自私的
例：He learned to respect and love his grandma, instead of being selfish.
他学会了尊重和爱他的奶奶，而不是自私。
高频词汇
1. in charge of 负责；掌管
in the charge of 由……负责/掌管
take charge of 负责，掌管
charge sb. sth. (for sth. )（就某物）跟某人要价……
charge sb. with sth. 控告某人某事
free of charge免费
例：I will be in charge of/take charge of a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese cultures to foreigners.
我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
2. instantly adv. 立即，马上　conj. 一……就
(1) instantly…=the instant… 一……就……
(2) instant adj. 即食的；立刻的，马上的　n. 瞬间；片刻
in an instant 立即，马上
例：Upon taking my first step out of the classroom, I took a deep breath instantly.
离开教室的第一步，我立刻深吸了一口气。
名师点津　
表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句的还有immediately/instantly/directly, as soon as, the moment/minute/second等。
3. approval n. 赞成；同意
(1) get one’s approval 得到某人的同意
give approval to 同意；批准
(2) approve v. 赞成，同意；批准
approve sth. 批准某事
approve of 赞成，同意
disapprove v. 不赞成；不同意
(3) approving adj. 赞同的
例：I would appreciate it if you could approve of my application.
如果你能批准我的申请，我将不胜感激。
4. commitment n. 投入，花费；承诺；奉献
(1)make a commitment 做出承诺
(2) commit v. 承诺，保证；投入；犯（罪、错）
commit oneself to (doing) sth. 专心致志于（做）某事；承诺/保证（做）某事
(3) committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺/全身心地投入（做）某事
例：I committed a silly mistake in front of so many people, my face red with embarrassment.
我在如此多的人面前犯了一个愚蠢的错误，窘得满脸通红。
5. suitable adj. 合适的
(1) be suitable for sb. /sth. 适合于某人/某物
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事
(2) suit v. 适合　n. 套装
suit… to… 使……适合……
suit one’s needs 适合某人的需要
例：Because of my fluent English, I am convinced that I am suitable for the volunteer job.
我英语流利，所以我相信我适合这个志愿者工作。
重点句式
as if/though
【教材原句】I expected to feel instantly different, as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
我期待会立刻有不同的感觉，就好像我关上了童年的大门，走进了一个全新的成人世界。
as if/though引导从句时，若表示的情况与客观事实相符，用陈述语气；若表示的情况与客观事实不相符或相反，则用虚拟语气。
as if/though引导的从句用虚拟语气时，若从句表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词常用were)；若表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；若表示与将来事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用would/could/might+动词原形。
例：He stood up and offered her his seat, as if he had read her mind.
他站起来给她让座，好像读懂了她的心思。将来进行时
语法精讲
[观察例句]
1．Don’t telephone me after eight tomorrow，I will be having a meeting.
2．I will be lying on the beach in the sun at ten o’clock tomorrow morning.
3．What will you be doing this time next Monday
4．He will be working in this room next Monday.
[归纳用法]
将来进行时由“助动词will/shall＋be＋动词 ing”构成，具体用法如下：
1．表示将来某时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。常与soon，tomorrow，this evening，on Sunday，by this time，in two days，tomorrow evening等表示将来的时间状语连用。如：
I will be having an English class at 8 tomorrow.
我明天八点钟正在上英语课。
Mary will be working in the factory in the next two months.
下两个月玛丽将在这个厂里工作。
2．在口语中常用来表示按计划或安排即要发生的动作。如：
This time tomorrow I shall be flying to New York.
明天这个时候我将飞往纽约。
At 7：00 this evening I will be watching the news programmes on TV.
今晚七时，我将正在收看电视上的新闻节目。
3．表示预料不久要发生或势必要发生的事情或将来的某种可能性，说话人往往有“我料想”或“我估计”的含义。如：
We believe that peasants’ life will be getting better and better.
我们相信农民的生活会越来越好。
4．表示委婉的语气。如：
When shall we be meeting again
我们什么时候再见面？
[名师点津]
将来进行时和一般将来时的区别：
1．一般将来时不仅表示“将来”，还可表示“意志、意愿”等。比较：
2．一般将来时表示的动作发生在将来某个时间，而将来进行时的动作发生在将来某个具体的时间。比较：
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ________________(teach) a class at that time.
②I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning，I ______________ (fly) to Shanghai.
③Don’t phone me between 8：00 and 10：00. We ______________ (have) classes then.
冲关训练
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1．When he comes to my house tomorrow，I ______________(write) the report.
2．He _____________ (give) a lecture tomorrow evening.
3．I think that she ____________(work) on this experiment until next morning.
4．Please come tomorrow afternoon. Tomorrow morning，I ____________ (have) a meeting.
5．My duties will end in July，and I ______________ (return) to Shanghai.
Ⅱ. 短文语法填空
The Greewood Boys are a group of popular singers. At present，they 1. ______________(visit) all parts of the country. They 2. ______________(arrive) here tomorrow. They 3. ________________(come) by train and most of the young people in the town 4. ________________(meet) them at that station. Tomorrow evening, they 5. ________________(sing) at the Workers’ Club. The Greenwood Boys 6. ________________(stay) for five days. During this time，they 7. ____________(give) five performances. As usual，the police 8. ____________(have) a difficult time. They 9. _______________(try) to keep order. It is always the same 10. _____ these occasions.
【参考答案】
语法精讲
[即学即练]
①will be teaching ②will be flying ③will be having
冲关训练
Ⅰ. 1.will be writing 2.will be giving 3.will be working 4.will be having 5.will be returning
Ⅱ. 1.are visiting 2.will be arriving 3.will be coming 4.will be meeting 5.will be singing 6.will be staying 7.will give 8.will have 9.will be trying 10.on写书评
文体指导
本单元写作项目是写一篇书评，属于夹叙夹议类写作范畴。
[基本框架]
1．开头(the beginning)——引出书目；
2．主体(the middle)——详细介绍作品内容；
3．结尾(the ending)——阐述自己的观点看法。
[常用词块]
1．be good for us teenager对我们青少年有好处
2．be full of充满着
3．learn a lot from the book从书上学到很多
4．be touched by the plot被情节感动
5．be worth reading值得阅读
6．cause a heated discussion导致热烈的讨论
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．Public in 2010，the book is popular among teenagers.
出版于2010年，这本书很受青少年欢迎。
2．Robinson Crusoe is the work of the famous novelist Mark Twain，which is worth reading.
《鲁滨逊漂流记》是著名小说家马克·吐温的作品，值得阅读。
★丰满主体
3．This book tells the hero Pavel Korchagin from a poor，struggling at the bottom boy，has grown into a cause of the motherland and the people fighting life history of the proletarian revolutionary fighters.
这本书讲述了英雄帕维尔·科尔查金从一个穷苦、挣扎在底层的男孩，成长为一个为祖国和人民的事业奋斗一生的无产阶级革命战士的历史。
4．Harry was such a brave and clever boy that he dared to fight against powerful enemies.
哈里是一个勇敢而聪明的孩子，他敢于与强大的敌人作战。
★余味结尾
5．In fact，the fiction story is so meaningful that I can learn a lot from it.
事实上，这本小说故事描述很有意义，我可以从中学到很多东西。
6．I think everyone should read it and get this wonderful experience.
我想每个人都应该读一读，然后得到这个美妙的体验。
学以致用
请你根据下面要点提示写一篇关于《黑暗物质》的书评。
1．最伟大的幻想小说之一；由英国作家菲利普·普尔曼创作；
2．1995年出版，已销售1 800万册，翻译成40多种文字；
3．主人公分别是女孩Lyra、男孩Will；
4．你对该书的评价。
注意：1.可适当增添细节，以使行文连贯；
2．词数80左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
学以致用
【参考范文】
Dark Materials by the English writer, Philip Pullman，is one of the greatest fantasy novels. Published in 1995, it has sold 18 million copies and has been translated into more than 40 languages.
The heroine is a girl called Lyra and the hero a boy Will. In the first book，Lyra’s father, a scientist, makes it possible that the children enter other worlds，where they have many extraordinary adventures and play an important part in a war that could destroy the universe.
In my opinion，it’s an exciting novel both adults and children will enjoy.

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