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2026人教新版八年级下册第5单元必背短语与句型训练（附答案）
Unit 5 Nature's Temper
Section A
一、必背重点短语（附中文释义）
1. during the typhoon（在台风期间）
2. have any trouble（遇到麻烦）
=meet with difficulties / run into trouble
have trouble (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难）
3. drive home（开车回家）=drive back home
动词短语drive表“驾驶”，home为副词，前面不加介词to
get into an accident（遭遇事故）
=have an accident / meet an accident
5. cover our windows（给窗户遮挡）
6. move things off the floor（把东西从地板上移开）
7. store food and water（储存食物和水）=keep food and water
8. look awful（看起来糟糕透顶）=look terrible
9. be prepared for（为……做准备）
=get ready for / be ready for
10. on the coast（在海岸边）〓 near the sea/by the sea
11. in the eye of a typhoon（在台风眼处）
=at the center of the typhoon
12. heavy rain（暴雨）
13. strong winds（强风）
14. tall waves（巨浪）=huge waves
15. get flooded（被淹没）
16. pay attention to（关注；注意）
17. role-play a conversation（角色扮演一段对话）
18. show an ongoing action（表示过去持续进行的动作）
19. clear the streets（清理街道）=clean up the streets
20. cause sth. to happen（导致某事发生）
21.advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事）
22. store emergency supplies- 释义：储备应急物资
二、重点句型（附例句与翻译）
1. What were you doing when + 一般过去时从句？- 释义：当……（短暂动作发生）时，你正在做什么？
when引导短暂性动作的从句（从句用一般过去时），主句用过去进行时（表当时正在做的长动作）。
What were you doing when the typhoon hit （台风来袭时，你正在做什么？）
What were you doing while + 过去进行时从句？
while引导持续性动作的从句（从句用过去进行时），主句也用过去进行时，强调两个动作同时进行。
What were you doing while we were waiting there （我们在那里等待的时候，你在做什么？）
注意：while从句不能接短暂性动词
3. 主语 + was/were doing + when + 一般过去时从句- 释义：（某人）正在做……（长动作），这时突然……（短动作发生）
核心句型，was/were doing表“过去正在进行的动作”，when表“突然发生的意外/转折”。
We were driving home when the strong winds started.（我们正开车回家，这时大风刮起来了。）
主语 + was/were doing + while + 过去进行时从句
while连接两个同时进行的持续性动作，前后均用过去进行时，突出动作的同步性。
It was raining hard while we were driving back.（我们开车往回走的时候，雨下得很大。）
5. advise sb. to do sth.：动词固定搭配，advise是及物动词，后接“人+to do”作宾语；否定形式为advise sb. not to do sth.
The reporter advised people to be careful.（记者建议大家要小心。）
6. cause sth. to happen 导致某事发生，侧重“引发某种结果/事件”。
Typhoons cause tsunamis to happen in some places.（台风在一些地方会引发海啸。）
例句：Typhoons cause tsunamis to happen in some places.
Section B
必背重点短语（附中文释义）
1. natural disaster 自然灾害
2. prepare for 为……做准备
3. on holiday 在度假
4. notice something strange 注意到异常
5. on top of the waves 在浪尖上
6. under the sea 在海底
7. cry out 大声呼喊
8. continue their walk 继续行走
9. take a single step 迈一步
10. return to the hotel 返回酒店
11. jump into action 立即行动
12. rush to 冲向；奔向
13. scream and run 尖叫着奔跑
14. a huge wall of water 巨大的水墙
15. reach safety 抵达安全地带
16. mean the difference between life and death 意味着生死之别
17. quick thinking 敏捷的思维
18. save many lives 拯救许多生命
19. sweep through 席卷；穿过
20. landslide 山体滑坡
21. snowstorm 暴风雪
22. wildfire 野火
23. stay away from 远离
24. make a chain story 编连锁故事
25. as a result 结果是；因此
二、重点句型（附例句与翻译）
1：notice sb./sth. doing sth.（注意到某人/某物正在做某事）
Tilly noticed something strange forming on top of the waves.
蒂莉注意到海浪面上出现了一些异常的东西。
2：instead of（代替；而不是）
She saw that the waves were coming in instead of going out.
她看到海浪是涌进来的，而不是退出去的。
3：while引导时间状语从句（当……时候，强调背景动作）
But while Tilly was walking along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange.但当蒂莉和家人沿着海滩散步时，她注意到了一些异常的情况。
4：refuse to do sth.（拒绝做某事）
However, Tilly refused to take a single step further.然而，蒂莉拒绝再往前迈一步。
5：when引导时间状语从句（当……时候，触发突发动作）
Everyone began to panic when they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea.当人们看到大海涌来一道巨大的水墙时，都开始惊慌失措。
6：thanks to（多亏；由于）
Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives.多亏了她的知识和敏捷的思维，这名女学生拯救了100多人的生命。
7：as a result（因此；结果）
Many others were also late because of the rainstorm. As a result, she said we weren't having a test after all!很多人也因为暴雨迟到了。结果，她说我们根本不用参加考试了！
8：while引导并列句（强调两个同时进行的背景动作）
My parents were watching TV while my brother was doing his homework.我的父母在看电视，与此同时我的弟弟在写作业。
人教新版八年级英语下册 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 核心短语与句型专项训练卷
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
一、核心短语专项训练（共50分）
（一）汉译英（每题2分，共20分）
根据汉语提示，写出对应的英文短语，注意形式正确。
1. 自然灾害 ____________________
2. 为……做准备 ____________________
3. 在度假 ____________________
4. 注意到异常 ____________________
5. 在浪尖上 ____________________
6. 在海底 ____________________
7. 大声呼喊 ____________________
8. 继续行走 ____________________
9. 迈一步 ____________________
10. 返回酒店 ____________________
（二）英译汉（每题2分，共20分）写出下列英文短语的汉语释义，准确规范。
11. jump into action ____________________
12. rush to ____________________
13. scream and run ____________________
14. a huge wall of water ____________________
15. reach safety ____________________
16. mean the difference between life and death ____________________
17. quick thinking ____________________
18. save many lives ____________________
19. sweep through ____________________
20. stay away from ____________________
（三）选词填空（每题2分，共10分）
从方框中选择合适的短语，用其适当形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。
landslide；snowstorm；wildfire；as a result；make a chain story
21. A heavy ________ hit our city last night, making all the roads covered with snow.
22. The firefighters worked hard to stop the ________ from spreading to the nearby village.
23. He missed the early bus. ________, he was late for the important meeting.
24. We need to ________ about natural disasters to share interesting stories in class.
25. A sudden ________ blocked the road and stopped many cars from passing.
二、核心句型专项训练（共50分）
（一）句型仿写（每题5分，共20分）
根据例句结构，仿写句子，注意时态、语态和语境匹配。
句型1：notice sb./sth. doing sth.（注意到某人/某物正在做某事）
例句：Tilly noticed something strange forming on top of the waves.
26. 我注意到一只小鸟正在树上唱歌。________________________
27. 他注意到妈妈正在厨房做饭。________________________
句型2：instead of（代替；而不是）
例句：She saw that the waves were coming in instead of going out.
28. 我决定步行去上学，而不是坐公交车。________________________
29. 他喜欢读故事书，而不是玩电脑游戏。________________________
（二）完成句子（每题5分，共20分）
根据汉语提示，完成英文句子，注意核心句型和词汇的正确运用。
句型3：while引导时间状语从句（当……时候，强调背景动作）
例句：But while Tilly was walking along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange.
30. 当我正在等公交车的时候，天开始下雨了。________________________, it started to rain.
句型4：refuse to do sth.（拒绝做某事）
例句：However, Tilly refused to take a single step further.
31. 那个男孩拒绝承认自己的错误。The boy ________________________ his mistake.
句型5：when引导时间状语从句（当……时候，触发突发动作）
例句：Everyone began to panic when they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea.
32. 当我看到那只可爱的小狗时，我忍不住笑了。I couldn't help smiling ________________________.
句型6：thanks to（多亏；由于）
例句：Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives.
33. 多亏了你的帮助，我按时完成了作业。________________________, I finished my homework on time.
（三）短文填空（每题2分，共10分）
阅读短文，用本单元核心短语和句型补全内容，每空一词或短语。
In 2004, a terrible tsunami hit Phuket. A 10-year-old girl named Tilly was on holiday there with her family. She 34. ________________________ (注意到海浪上的异常情况) — thick white froth and waves coming in instead of going out. She 35. ________________________ (想起课堂上学到的知识) about tsunamis from her geography class. She 36. ________________________ (拒绝再往前迈一步) and told her family about the danger. Her family 37. ________________________ (返回酒店) except her mother, who stayed a bit longer. 38. ________________________ (多亏了蒂莉的提醒), the security guard 39. ________________________ (立即行动) and rushed people off the beach. When the huge tsunami came, everyone 40. ________________________ (抵达安全地带). This story tells us that learning natural disaster knowledge can 41. ________________________ (意味着生死之别) and help us 42. ________________________ (拯救许多生命).
三、参考答案
一、核心短语专项训练
1. natural disaster
2. prepare for
3. on holiday
4. notice something strange
5. on top of the waves
6. under the sea
7. cry out
8. continue their walk
9. take a single step
10. return to the hotel
11. 立即行动
12. 冲向；奔向
13. 尖叫着奔跑
14. 巨大的水墙
15. 抵达安全地带
16. 意味着生死之别
17. 敏捷的思维
18. 拯救许多生命
19. 席卷；穿过
20. 远离
21. snowstorm
22. wildfire
23. As a result
24. make a chain story
25. landslide
二、核心句型专项训练
26. I noticed a little bird singing in the tree.
27. He noticed his mother cooking in the kitchen.
28. I decide to go to school on foot instead of taking the bus.
29. He likes reading storybooks instead of playing computer games.
30. While I was waiting for the bus
31. refuses to admit
32. when I saw that cute little dog
33. Thanks to your help
34. noticed something strange on the waves
35. remembered learning about knowledge
36. refused to take a single step further
37. returned to the hotel
38. Thanks to Tilly's warning
39. jumped into action
40. reached safety
41. mean the difference between life and death
42. save many lives

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