资源简介

(共96张PPT)
Unit 1　
Face values
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
Adopting a self-critical approach helps boost one’s confidence by honestly acknowledging strengths and weaknesses.Everyone is unique yet identical in the pursuit of growth,which shouldn’t bother us.What we need to undertake often limit us,and questioning them fosters a deeper comprehension of our motives and psychology.By embracing our imperfections and recognising our self-worth,we nurture a mindset that values continuous learning and personal development.
以诚实地承认自己优缺点的方式进行自我批评有助于增强信心。每个人的成长经历都是既独一无二又非常相似的,这不应该使我们苦恼。我们要承担的(责任)常常束缚我们,质疑这些有助于加深我们对自己的动机和心理的理解。通过接纳我们的不完美并认识到我们的自我价值,我们培养出了一种重视持续学习和个人发展的心态。
Part 1
Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language
基础识记
1. 　　 adj.自我批评的,自我批判的
2. 　 v.促进,推动
3. 　 v.(使)苦恼
4. v.承认(某事属实或某情况存在)
写作词汇
self-critical
boost
bother
acknowledge
1.freckle n.
2.enlarge v.
3.jawline n.
4.narcissist n.
5.obsessive adj.
6.pretend v.
7.misjudge v.
8.lipstick n.
阅读词汇
(尤指脸上的)雀斑,斑点
(使)增大,扩大
下巴的形状
自我陶醉者
痴迷的,迷恋的;过度的(含贬义)
假装,装作
对(人或情况)判断错误
唇膏,口红
9.dormitory n.
10.roommate n.
11.bizarre adj.
12.makeover n.
13.overlook v.
14.pill n.
15.stereotype n.
寝室
(尤指大学里的)室友
古怪的;奇异的
(以新衣服、新发型等进行的)打扮,装扮
忽视,忽略
药丸,药片
模式化的思想
16.welfare n.
17.righteous　 adj.
18.outward adj.
19.beast 　 n.
20.timid 　 adj.
21.coward n.
22.bookish adj.
帮助;福利
正派的,正直的
外表的,表面的
(尤指体型庞大或危险的)野兽
胆小的,胆怯的
胆小鬼;懦夫
好读书的,书呆子气的
拓展词汇
1. adj.完全相同的;非常相似的→identically adv.完全相同地;非常相似地→identify v.确认;发现;显示→identity n.身份;相同;特征
2. adj.极瘦的,皮包骨的→skin n.皮肤
3. n.假定,假设→assume v.假定,假设;认为;承担(责任)→
assuming conj.假设……为真,假如→assumed adj.假定的,假设的
4. n.积蓄→save v.节省;救
identical
skinny
assumption
saving
5. n.心理,心理过程→psychological adj.心理的→psychologically adv.心理地→psychologist n.心理学家
6. n.研究的结果;发现→find v.发现
7. adj.可怕的→fright n.惊吓→frighten v.使惊吓→frightened adj.感到害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的
8. adj.丑陋的;骇人的→monstrously adv.奇怪地;怪物似地→
monster n.怪物;恶人
9. adj.忠贞的,忠实的,忠诚的→loyally adv.忠诚地;诚实地→loyalty n.忠诚;忠心;忠贞
psychology
finding
frightful
monstrous
loyal
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.boost one’s confidence　　
2.a lack of
3.a desire for
4.from head to toe
5.be surprised at
6.play a part in
增强某人的信心
缺乏
对……的渴望
从头到脚
对……感到吃惊
在……中扮演角色/起作用
7.make an effort
8.make/leave an impression on
9.come across
10.keep fit
11.in secret
努力
给……留下印象
偶然遇见
保持健康
秘密地
重点句型
1. ,“It’s a pretty person’s world”.(as引导方式状语从句)
正如《丑女贝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那样:“这是个看脸的世界。”
2.That’s ,who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide which one to use every morning.(why引导表语从句)
所以我永远无法理解我姐姐,她有17支口红,每天早上都不知道该用哪支好。
As a song in Ugly Betty puts it
why I could never understand my sister
3.It can be an expression of our personalities,
.(现在分词短语作伴随状语)
它可以表达我们的个性,也有助于我们给他人留下良好、积极的印象。
4.It plays a part in the image we present to the world,and
can leave a positive first impression on others and boost your confidence.(动名词短语作主语)
它(外在美)在我们呈现给世界的形象中扮演着重要的角色。努力提升你的外观可以给别人留下积极的第一印象,增强你的自信。
helping us make a good and
positive impression on others
making an effort
with your appearance
5. ,she’s really attractive and has the confidence to be herself—even in an industry full of beauty stereotypes.(although引导让步状语从句)
虽然她比大多数模特都壮,但她真的魅力十足,并且有信心做自己——即使是在这个对美的概念有着刻板印象的行业。
6. is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful,but happier,too!(what引导主语从句)
我真正钦佩她的一点是,她认可健康的身体使我们不仅更美丽,而且更快乐!
Although she’s larger than most other models
What I really admire
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与自我——对自我形象的认识和对外表的不同看法
2.语篇类型:专题讨论
3.课文内容分析:课文介绍了三位年轻人对自我形象的认知和对外表的不同看法,以及心理学家对他们观点的评价。阅读本文有利于学生加深对单元主题意义的认识,形成正确的自我认知和审美观,树立积极的人生态度。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
addicted
obsessive
appearance
boost
realises/acknowledges
agrees
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.Why does Jade say “I understand this more than most”
A.Because each “like” boosts her confidence.
B.Because she has become addicted to selfie apps.
C.Because she likes the song in Ugly Betty.
D.Because she has always been plain-looking.
D
(　　)2.What does Emma mean by using the story of Tess Holliday
A.To help people lose weight.
B.To explain what it means to be beautiful.
C.To stress that Tess Holliday is attractive.
D.To explain what beauty stereotypes are.
B
(　　)3.What can we infer from Emma’s story
A.Health is the most important thing.
B.Her large body makes others confused.
C.She exercises much to make a good impression.
D.She thinks good figure is important.
A
(　　)4.What does this passage mainly show us
A.There must be beauty in both spirit and appearance.
B.People like beautiful looks rather than ugliness.
C.Self-confidence lies in physical and mental health.
D.The healthier you are,the happier you will be.
C
二次开发·深研课文
▲
“Me” is a small word with big meaning which is as individual to each of us as the way we look.Through 1.　　　 　(interview),Dr Hart was able to discover what it means to other people and how they have learnt
2.　　 　　(appreciate) the beauty in themselves.
interviews
to appreciate
Jade has always been plain-looking,and become 3.　　　　(addict) to editing and posting her selfies.She thinks each “like” boosts her confidence.
Dr Hart says it indicates a lack 4.　　　　 self-confidence and a desire for attention.People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge
5.　　 　　(them).
addicted
of
themselves
Anthony is a college student 6.　　　　 never really cared about his appearance.When he was surprised at how good he looked after the makeover,he perceived that external 7.　　　　(beautiful) could help people make a good and positive impression on others.Dr Hart thinks that external beauty plays a part in leaving a positive first impression on others and
8.　　 　　(boost) our confidence.
who/that
beauty
boosting
Emma,a senior high school student,has been larger than other girls since she was little,which bothered her for a long time.She tried to lose weight until she came across 9.　　　　 success story of a plus-size model,
Tess Holliday.She realised that her health,mental and physical,is the most important thing.Dr Hart agrees with her and admires the way she has
10.　　　 　(acknowledge) that good health not only makes us more beautiful,but happier,too!
the
acknowledged
重点词汇
1.pretend v.假装,装作
[教材原句] People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
那些把自己包装成别人的人,往往只会对自己产生错误的判断。
[例] He pretended to be an expert in painting,but actually he knew little about it.
他假装是个绘画专家,但实际上他对绘画知之甚少。
[例] (读后续写之动作描写)Frank turned around,pretending not to notice me,and hurried away.
弗兰克转过身来,假装没看见我,匆匆离开了。
归纳拓展
pretend to do sth假装做某事
pretend to be doing sth假装正在做某事
pretend to have done sth假装已经做了某事
pretend to be+adj./n.假装是……
pretend (that)...假装……
[语境运用] 完成句子
孩子们扮成不同的动物,随着音乐起舞。
The children 　　　　　　 　 different animals,dancing to the music.
她妈妈进来时,她假装正在做作业。
She 　　　　　　　　 　　her homework when her mother came in.
她的父亲试图假装没有什么不平常的事发生。
Her father tried to pretend that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
那个学生假装已经完成作业,但事实上他没有。
The student 　　　　 　　　　　his homework,but in fact he didn’t.
pretended to be
pretended to be doing
nothing unusual had happened
pretended to have finished
2.tend v.倾向于;照料
·tendency n.倾向,偏好,趋势
[教材原句] People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
那些把自己包装成别人的人,往往只会对自己产生错误的判断。
[例] (2024·全国甲卷) Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level,
the national parks,in particular,tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety.
尽管在任何层面上都存在着各种规模和类型的公园,但国家公园尤其吸引我们的注意,因为它们规模大,种类多。
[例] The sort of music I listen to varies,but it tends towards light music.
我所听的音乐种类繁多,不过多是轻音乐。
[例] (2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to a variety of factors,
including reduced concentration,an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
其原因与多种因素有关,包括注意力下降、娱乐心态以及在消费数字内容时倾向于多任务处理。
归纳拓展
·tend to do sth 往往会做某事,倾向于做某事
tend to/towards... 趋向……,倾向……
tend (to) sb/sth 照顾某人/某物
·have a tendency to do sth 倾向/偏好做某事
There is a tendency (for sb/sth) to do sth.(某人/某物)有做某事的倾向/趋势。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/一句多译
There is a growing 　　 　 　(tend) for people to shop online,and most people have the experience of shopping online.
Some individuals tend 　　 　　 pessimism,always seeing the negative side of things.
随着年龄的增长,人们往往会健忘。
→People 　　　　　　　　 　 as they get older.(tend)
→People　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 as they get older.(tendency)
tendency
to/towards
tend to forget things
have a tendency to forget things
3.identical adj.完全相同的;非常相似的
·identically adv.完全相同地;非常相似地
·identify v.确认;发现;显示
·identity n.身份;相同;特征
[教材原句] I only used to have five identical pairs of trousers and five identical shirts.
而我以前只有五条一模一样的裤子和五件一模一样的衬衫。
[例] (2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)It should give you a precise definition of each word,thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,
but not identical.
它应该给你每个单词的精确释义,从而将其与其他含义相似但不完全相同的单词区分开来。
[例] (2024·北京卷)When we slow down,we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions,which helps us identify important areas of our lives and gives us the opportunity to make right choices.
当我们放慢脚步时,我们创造了空间来反思我们的思想和情感,这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域,并让我们有机会做出正确的选择。
归纳拓展
·be identical to/with 与……完全相同
be identical in 在……方面是相同的
·identify...as...认出……是……;显示……是……
identify with sb与某人产生共鸣;谅解某人
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Discovering one’s true 　　　　(identical) often involves a journey of self-exploration and self-acceptance.
The police identified the victim 　　 someone they had been looking for through DNA testing.
The twins were 　　 　　(identical) dressed,making it difficult to tell them apart.
他们的研究结论与我们之前得出的结论完全相同。
Their research conclusion　　　　　　　　　 the one we reached before.
identity
as
identically
is identical to/with
4.bother v.(使)苦恼,打扰,使烦恼 n.困难,麻烦
[教材原句] For a long time,this really bothered me.
很长一段时间,我都为此深受困扰。
[例] (2024·浙江1月卷)For a few months after the “library” opened,I didn’t bother taking a look,as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories.
在“图书馆”开放后的几个月里,我根本没有费心去看一眼,因为我认为里面塞满了俗套的爱情故事。
[例] I’m very sorry to have bothered you with so many questions on such an occasion.
我很抱歉在这种场合用这么多问题来打扰您。
归纳拓展
·bother sb with/about sth 为某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother doing/to do sth 费心做某事
bother with/about sth 为某事费心
It bothers sb to do sth/that...做某事/……使某人烦恼
·have bother (in) doing sth 做某事很麻烦
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/句式升级
He always bothers me 　　　 　 little things,making it hard for me to concentrate on work.
It bothers me 　　 　　(remind) him to do his chores constantly.
I really don’t bother 　　　 　(read) books that are too complex for my understanding.
with/about
to remind
reading/to read
Although I have been working hard,I can’t keep up with others and this bothers me greatly.
→Although I have been working hard,
　.(it作形式主语)
→Although I have been working hard,
　.(what引导主语从句)
it bothers me greatly that I can’t keep
up with others
what bothers me greatly is that I
can’t keep up with others
5.anxiety n.焦虑,忧虑;渴望;担心,害怕
·anxious adj.焦虑的;担心的;渴望的
·anxiously adv.焦急地;忧虑地
[教材原句] My anxiety drove me to try every means possible to lose weight,
including dieting and weight-loss pills,but this brought me nothing but pain and poor health.
内心的焦虑促使我尝试各种可能的减肥方法,包括节食和吃减肥药,但是这样做毫无作用,反而给我带来了痛苦和不健康的身体。
[例] (应用文写作之报道)There is growing public anxiety over levels of air pollution in cities.
公众越来越担心城市中空气的污染程度。
[例] One’s anxiety for knowledge is the driving force for learning.
一个人对知识的渴望是学习的动力。
归纳拓展
·anxiety about/over... 对……的焦虑/忧虑
with anxiety 焦虑地
anxiety to do sth 做某事的渴望
anxiety for sth 对某物的渴望
·be anxious for sb/about sth 为某人/某事感到担忧
be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事
be anxious for... 渴望……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
The mother made an effort not to communicate her 　　　　(anxious) to the child,but the little boy still sensed it.
(读后续写之情感描写)All of us were waiting for Jenny　　　 　(anxious) when she came into the room with a big smile on her face.
According to the expert,as children grew,they became more anxious
　 　(get) more public approval.
(读后续写之心理描写)Ultimately,he finished the project and was anxious
　 　 everyone’s recognition.
anxiety
anxiously
to get
for
6.acknowledge v.承认(某事属实或某情况存在);(公开)感谢;告知收悉
·acknowledgement n.承认;感谢
[教材原句] What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful,but happier,too!
我真正钦佩她的一点是,她认可健康的身体使我们不仅更美丽,而且更快乐!
[例] (应用文写作之道歉信)I sincerely apologise to you and acknowledge my mistakes.
我真诚地向你道歉,并承认我的错误。
[例] (应用文写作之报道)It is generally acknowledged that climate change is a global issue that requires immediate attention.
人们普遍认为,气候变化是一个需要立即被关注的全球性问题。
归纳拓展
acknowledge that... 承认……
acknowledge sb/sth to be/as... 承认某人/某物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth承认做了某事
It is generally/widely acknowledged that...
(人们)公认/普遍认为……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/翻译句子
People generally acknowledge this novel 　　　 a classic in the history of literature.
(应用文写作之道歉信)I acknowledge 　　 　　(say) some harsh words to you yesterday.I was in a bad mood and didn’t mean to hurt you.
Please forgive me.
人们普遍认为,均衡的饮食和定期锻炼对健康有益。
as
saying/having said
It is generally/widely acknowledged that a balanced diet and regular exercise are good for health.
7.assumption n.假定,假设;(责任的)承担,担任
·assume v.假定,假设;认为;承担(责任)
·assuming conj.假设……为真,假如
·assumed adj.假定的,假设的
[教材原句] How others are feeling is not something that we should make assumptions about,because it’s not always obvious who is truly happy.
别人的感受不是我们应该妄加揣测的,因为谁真正快乐并不总是显而易见的。
[例] It’s not right to make assumptions about someone’s character based on appearance alone.
仅仅根据外表来对一个人的性格做出假设是不对的。
[例] (2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)However,for maximising learning where mental focus and reflection are called for,educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same,even when they contain identical words.
然而,为了实现最佳的学习效果(在这种情况下需要高度的专注力和较强的反思能力),教育工作者不应该认为所有媒体都是一样的,即使它们所包含的文字完全相同。
归纳拓展
·make assumptions/an assumption (about...) (对……)做出假设
on the assumption that... 假定……,假设……
·assume...to be... 假设/认为……是……
It’s assumed that... 一般认为……
·assuming (that)...假定……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
(应用文写作之建议信)The interviewers tend to make 　 　　　(assume) about you when they see you,so you should behave well and make a good impression on them.
(应用文写作之申请信)　　 　　(assume) that I am chosen to be a volunteer for the activity,I will serve the people heart and soul.
It is generally 　　 　　(assume) that stress is caused by too much work.
assumptions
Assuming
assumed
语
境
串
词
I made an assumption that he was an experienced leader,so I assumed him to be capable of guiding us through the project.However,my assumption was wrong,as we encountered many difficulties under his leadership.Assuming (that) he had changed the way he managed the project,we would have done it much better.
我曾认为他是一位经验丰富的领导者,因此我认为他有能力带领我们完成这个项目。然而,我的假设是错误的,因为在他的领导下我们遇到了许多困难。假设他当时改变了管理项目的方式,我们肯定能做得更好。
重点句式
It/This/That is why...这/那就是为什么……(why引导表语从句)
▲
[教材原句] That’s why I could never understand my sister,who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide which one to use every morning.
所以我永远无法理解我姐姐,她有17支口红,每天早上都不知道该用哪支好。
[例] (2024·全国甲卷)That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.
那就是为什么本期《作家文摘》的宗旨在于帮助你弄清楚如何为你正在写的任何一种文体写出最好的结尾。
[例] He studies hard every day.This is why he always gets good grades.
他每天都努力学习,这就是为什么他总是取得好成绩。
归纳拓展
It/This/That is because...这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句)
The reason why...is that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句)
[语境运用] 句型转换
Tom overslept this morning,so he was late for work.
→Tom overslept this morning.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.(why引导表语从句)
→Tom was late for work.　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(because引导表语从句)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 was that he overslept this morning.
(why引导定语从句)
That was why he was late for work
That was because he overslept this morning
The reason why Tom was late for work
现在分词(短语)作伴随状语
▲
[教材原句] It can be an expression of our personalities,helping us make a good and positive impression on others.
它可以表达我们的个性,也有助于我们给他人留下良好、积极的印象。
[例] All night long he lay awake,thinking of the problem.
他整夜躺着睡不着,思考着那个问题。
[例] They sat in the classroom,reading the books borrowed from the library.
他们坐在教室里,阅读从图书馆借来的书。
归纳拓展
现在分词(短语)作伴随状语,表示伴随情况,所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生,且与句子的主语之间是主动关系。现在分词(短语)作状语除了表示伴随,还可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式等。
①现在分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,动词多是短暂性的。
②现在分词(短语)作状语,其逻辑主语应与句子的主语相一致。若不一致,可以使用独立主格结构的形式。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 完成句子
　　　　　　　　　　　　 　(看到他们如此努力工作),I was moved and made up my mind to do something for them.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(听到敲门声),I rose to my feet to open it.
　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　(与那个女孩一起学习了5年),
we all know her very well.
He dropped the glass onto the floor,　　　　　　　　　 　(把它摔成了碎片).
Seeing them working so hard
Hearing a knock on/at the door
Having studied with the girl for five years
breaking it into pieces
长难句分析
[教材原句] How others are feeling is not something that we should make assumptions about, because it’s not always obvious who is truly happy.
尝试分析:本句为主从复合句。 为how引导的主语从句, 为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词something; 为because引导的原因状语从句, 为who引导的主语从句。
自主翻译:别人的感受不是我们应该妄加揣测的,因为谁真正快乐并不总是显而易见的。
[语境运用] 情境写作
青少年如何看待美是我们应该思考的问题,因为他们是否对美有正确的理解并不总是显而易见的。
How teenagers consider beauty is something that we should think about,
because it’s not always obvious whether they have a proper understanding of beauty.
语法原句再现
Dad thinks I am a narcissist,but what I say is that my pictures aren’t hurting anyone,so who cares
It’s true that inner beauty is very important,but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked.
What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful,but happier,too!
请注意上述句中黑体部分充当的句子成分,属于的从句类型,并注意它们的引导词。
语法知识点拨
一、定义
用作主语的从句叫主语从句,它是名词性从句的一种。主语从句的时态不受主句时态的影响和限制。
二、引导主语从句的常见连接词
1.从属连词that、whether、if
(1)that引导主语从句只起连接作用,在从句中不充当任何成分,that本身无实际意义,但不能省略。
That price will go up is certain.
价格上涨是肯定的。
(2)whether引导的主语从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末,但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末,前面需用it作形式主语。whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分,只起连接作用,意为“是否”,不能省略。
Whether the meeting will be held on time is still a question because of the hurricane.
由于飓风的影响,这次会议是否会如期举行还是个问题。
It is still under discussion whether/if the old station should be replaced with a modern hotel.
是否该用一家现代化的旅馆取代这个旧的车站仍在讨论中。
2.连接代词who、whoever、whom、whose、what、whatever、which、whichever等
含有此类连接代词的主语从句语序为陈述语序,一般不用形式主语it引导。此类连接代词在句子中充当成分,不能省略,既有疑问含义,又起连接作用。
Which athlete will break the record is not clear.
还不清楚哪位运动员将打破纪录。
Who discovered the new planet remains a mystery.
谁发现了这颗新行星仍然是个谜。
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
任何违法者都将受到惩罚。
①what和that引导的主语从句的区别
that 只起引导作用,不充当任何成分,本身无实际意义。what 不仅起引导作用,还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语),意为“……的事情”。
What we need is more practice.(what在主语从句中充当动词need的宾语)
我们需要的是更多练习。
That she will win the speech contest is certain.(that在主语从句中不充当成分)
她是肯定会赢得这场演讲比赛的。
温馨提示
②whatever/whoever的用法
whatever/whoever可以引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that,whoever 相当于anyone who。
Whoever/Anyone who wants to enter this school must pass the exam.
(whoever在主语从句中充当主语)
无论谁想进入这所学校都必须通过考试。
Whatever/Anything that she did was right.(whatever在主语从句中充当动词did的宾语)
她做的任何事都是对的。
温馨提示
3.连接副词when、where、how、why
此类连接词既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当成分,不能省略。
How this happened is not clear to anyone.(how在主语从句中充当方式状语)
任何人都不清楚这是如何发生的。
When he will be back depends on the weather.(when在主语从句中充当时间状语)
他什么时候会回来取决于天气状况。
Where the party will be held is not yet decided.(where在主语从句中充当地点状语)
派对将在哪里举行尚未决定。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
It was hard to imagine 　　　 was bothering that poor boy at that time.
　　　　 a telephone works is a question which not everyone can answer.
It is not a problem 　　 　　 we can win the battle;it’s just a matter of time.
　　　　 John was late for class has been unexplained,making his teacher annoyed.
what
How
whether/if
Why
三、主语从句后置
为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,将主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。
That regular exercise improves memory is widely accepted by scientists.可改写为:
It is widely accepted by scientists that regular exercise improves memory.
用it 作形式主语的结构有:
1.It+be动词+形容词+that 从句
常用于这一结构的形容词有obvious、true、surprising、good、wonderful、funny、possible、likely、certain、probable等。
It is most likely that those who study hard will achieve good grades.
努力学习的人最有可能会取得好成绩。
2.It+be动词+名词(短语)+that 从句
常用于这一结构的名词(短语)有fact、honour、pity、shame、surprise、no wonder、common knowledge等。
It’s a pity that she missed the important lecture.
很遗憾她错过了那场重要的讲座。
3.It+be动词+过去分词+that 从句
常用于这一结构的过去分词有said、reported、thought、expected、decided、announced等。
It is said that the famous scientist will give a lecture in our school next week.
据说那位著名的科学家下周将在我们学校做讲座。
4.It+不及物动词(短语)+that 从句
常用于这一结构的不及物动词(短语)有appear、seem、happen、prove、matter、turn out、occur to等。
It happened that I knew his address.
碰巧我知道他的地址。
①在“It is suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required that...”句型中,从句要用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语应用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
It is suggested that students (should) read more extra-curricular books to broaden their horizons.
有人建议学生们多读课外书来拓宽视野。
温馨提示
②在“It is important/natural/necessary/impossible that...”句型中,从句也要用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语应用“should + 动词原形”,should可以省略。
It is important and necessary that we (should) keep the balance of nature.
我们保持自然的平衡是重要且必要的。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 完成句子
　　　　　　　　 (据说) my roommate will go abroad for further study.
　　　　　　　 　 (难怪) your students have made such great progress.
　　　　　　　　　 (看起来好像) it is going to rain.
It is said that
It is no wonder that
It seems that
四、主语从句的规律
规律一:主语从句一律用陈述语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。
正:When he will come is not known.
误:When will he come is not known.
规律二:连词that 在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略。
正:That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
误:He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
规律三:whether 引导主语从句可以放在句首,但if不能。
正:Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
误:If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
规律四:主语从句中的连接词不能重叠使用。
正:That he will help others is a fact.
误:That whether he will help others is a fact.
规律五:含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用第三人称单数形式。
正:What he will do next is a puzzle.
误:What he will do next are a puzzle.
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
　　　　 she was at the entrance to the cinema then was a big surprise to me.
　　　 　 the radiation will be controlled is still unknown.
What makes the shop different 　　　　 (be) that it offers more personal services.
That
Whether
is
真题体验
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)　　　　 worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.
【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,意为“……的事情”,应用what;单词位于句首,首字母应大写。故填What。
What
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)She says it is essential 　　　　 we keep control of artificial intelligence,or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.
【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,句中it为形式主语,设空处引导的从句作真正的主语,且从句中不缺成分,语义完整,应用that。故填that。
that
3.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)　 　 just happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot,Karen,who offered to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.
【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为“It happened that...”结构,意为“碰巧……”,其中It为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的that从句。此处应用it来指代后面的that从句,且位于句首,首字母应大写。故填It。
It
4.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)　　　　 I was to do was fly to Topeka to pick up Tiffy.
【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,在从句中作do的宾语,意为“……的事情”,应用what;单词位于句首,首字母应大写。故填What。
What
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.完成句子
1.　　　　　　　 　(据要求) all the members be present at the meeting.
2.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　(无论谁最后离开房间) ought to turn off the lights.
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　(我在哪里度过暑假) has not been decided yet.
4.It’s uncertain 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(这个实验是否值得做).
5.　　　　　　　 　 (很显然) she has known the news.
It is required that
Whoever leaves the room last
Where I spend my summer vacation
whether/if the experiment is worth doing
It is obvious that
6.It remains a question 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们如何能筹到这么多钱) in such a short time.
7.　　　　　　　　(碰巧) I went to visit my teacher that day.
8.　　　　　　　 　(预计) the building will be completed next week.
9.　　　 　　　　　　　　　　(无论谁热衷于这项活动) can sign up for it.
10.　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(她被选中参加比赛) made us very happy.
how we can raise so much money
It happened that
It is expected that
Whoever is keen on the activity
That she was chosen to take part in the competition
Ⅱ.语篇填空
　　It is a common sense 1.　　 beauty is a gift from heaven.However,
2. 　　 people are likely to pay more attention to is often external beauty alone.3.　　　 　 assigns labels to people based on what others look like tends to misjudge others.For instance,teenagers are especially vulnerable to blind appearance worship.As a result,4.　　　 they should follow the steps of some people sometimes confuses them.From another perspective,valuing inner beauty helps enhance personal charm and bring out the best of oneself.
that
what
Whoever
whether
To sum up,5.　　　 　 we had better appreciate inner beauty is that all meaningful and lasting changes start on the inside.Likewise,we should learn how to transform ourselves by changing from within.
why

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